{"generated":"2026-10-08","license":"CC BY 4.0 — credit Greederboard (greederboard.com)","weights":{"stock_trading":25,"networth_enrichment":15,"money_influence":20,"campaign_personal_use":15,"revolving_door":15,"job_vs_fundraising":10},"members":[{"bioguide":"G000583","name":"Josh Gottheimer","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"NJ","score":66,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Josh Gottheimer (D-NJ5) is consistently identified in public reporting as one of the most active individual-stock traders in Congress, with aggregators parsing up to $563.7M in disclosed trade volume and roughly 2,900 transactions since 2020, including holdings in defense contractors and large technology firms in sectors his committees (Intelligence, Financial Services, Ways and Means) touch; he states the trades are made by a third-party manager. His disclosed net worth grew from about $5.6M when he entered office in 2017 to an estimated $40-50M, though a substantial portion derives from pre-office Microsoft employment and broad-market index funds. Campaign-finance records show securities/investment as his top industry (over $2M in 2023-24) and that he was the single largest congressional recipient of private-equity money, a pattern that overlaps with his role in tax-policy debates such as carried interest (correlation, not proof of quid pro quo). Revolving-door ties exist: his spouse works for a consulting firm whose clients have included Blackstone, a major donor, and a former legislative director registered to lobby for the private-equity industry. His missed-vote rate rose sharply in late 2024 (29 of 62 votes in Nov-Dec) during his run for New Jersey governor, with a 4.0% lifetime rate slightly above the chamber median. No public records of campaign-fund personal-use violations were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":88,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Repeatedly identified as the most active stock trader in Congress: up to $563.7M parsed trade volume and ~2,927 transactions since 2020, with positions in defense contractors and large tech in sectors overseen by his committees (Intelligence, Financial Services, Ways and Means). Trades reportedly executed by a third-party manager, but the household actively trades individual securities at very high volume.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gottheimer has been called the most avid trader in Congress; aggregators have parsed up to $563.7M of trades and roughly 2,927 transactions across 78 filings since January 2020.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Josh%20Gottheimer-G000583"},{"claim":"Gottheimer traded at least $22 million worth of stock in top-100 Pentagon contractors including Microsoft, Northrop Grumman, and IBM, while sitting on the Intelligence Committee and a National Security subcommittee.","sourceUrl":"https://responsiblestatecraft.org/congress-defense-stocks/"},{"claim":"Gottheimer says his trades are made by a third-party financial firm and that he has 'no idea' what they do (2022 CNBC interview).","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/josh-gottheimer/"},{"claim":"One of his largest disclosed trades was a Feb. 12, 2024 sale of up to $5M of Microsoft stock; portfolio leans heavily toward technology and the 'Magnificent Seven.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.bitget.com/wiki/josh-gottheimer-stock-trades"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Disclosed net worth rose from about $5.6M when he entered office in 2017 to an estimated $40-50M. A large share predates office (Microsoft employment) and sits in broad-market index funds, which should not be scored; however, reporting attributes meaningful growth to active individual-stock trading during his tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gottheimer entered Congress in 2017 with $5.6M net worth; estimates later ranged into the tens of millions, with his 2023 disclosure spanning roughly $7.4M-$73.1M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+Josh+Gottheimer+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Quiver estimates his net worth at about $39.9M as of April 2026; much of his wealth stems from Microsoft, where he worked before politics, plus large index-fund holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Josh%20Gottheimer-G000583/net-worth"},{"claim":"Holdings include up to $25M in a Morgan Stanley account focused on Microsoft and up to $5M in a Vanguard S&P 500 ETF.","sourceUrl":"https://www.bitget.com/wiki/josh-gottheimer-stock-trades"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":70,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Securities/investment was his top industry (over $2M in 2023-24), and he was the single largest congressional recipient of private-equity money plus a top recipient from payday lenders, finance/credit, and hedge funds. These industries overlap with tax and financial-services matters before his committees, including carried interest. No evidence of a quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities & investment was Gottheimer's top industry in 2023-24 at about $2.0M; he ranked #1 among members of Congress in private-equity money and was a top recipient from payday lenders, finance/credit, securities, and hedge funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/josh-gottheimer/industries?cid=N00036944&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Gottheimer was the US House's biggest recipient of private-equity campaign cash amid debates over closing the carried-interest tax loophole.","sourceUrl":"https://jacobin.com/2021/09/josh-gottheimer-billionaire-tax-reconciliation-bill-private-equity"},{"claim":"Gottheimer and Rep. Beatty formed the Beatty Gottheimer Victory Fund, raising about $150,000, ~88% from KKR executives and employees.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2022/02/03/beatty-and-gottheimer-funnel-private-equity-donations-through-pop-up-pac/"},{"claim":"Blackstone has been Gottheimer's largest career donor (~$96,750 from associated individuals).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/josh-gottheimer/summary?cid=N00036944"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records or reporting found documenting personal-benefit use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Per scoring rules, absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Searches of FEC and OpenSecrets expenditure resources surfaced no documented personal-use violations by Gottheimer's committees; FEC personal-use rules are general guidance, not findings against him.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/help-candidates-and-committees/making-disbursements/personal-use/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"His spouse works for a consulting/lobbying firm whose client list has included Blackstone, a top donor, and a former legislative director became a registered lobbyist for the private-equity industry's trade group, lobbying on carried-interest tax treatment. These ties link family/staff to industries that fund and are affected by his work.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gottheimer's wife, Marla Tusk, works for a consulting/lobbying firm (Tusk) that has listed Blackstone as a client; Blackstone executives have given him roughly $200,000 since 2015.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Gottheimer"},{"claim":"His former legislative director registered to lobby for the American Investment Council (private equity's lobbying group) on carried-interest capital-gains tax proposals.","sourceUrl":"https://jacobin.com/2021/09/josh-gottheimer-billionaire-tax-reconciliation-bill-private-equity"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":50,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 4.0% (198 of 4,981) is modestly above the chamber median (~2.1%). Missed votes spiked sharply in late 2024 around his gubernatorial run, missing 29 of 62 votes in Nov-Dec 2024 and ranking worse than 95% of colleagues those months, a period of intensive campaigning and fundraising.","evidence":[{"claim":"From Jan 2017 to June 2026 Gottheimer missed 198 of 4,981 roll-call votes (4.0%), worse than the 2.1% median for sitting representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/josh_gottheimer/412714"},{"claim":"He missed 29 of 62 votes in Nov-Dec 2024, worse than 95% of colleagues, as he became serious about a gubernatorial bid.","sourceUrl":"https://newjerseymonitor.com/2025/01/09/governor-hopefuls-take-easy-political-aim-at-house-dems-not-voting-on-immigration-bill/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"P000197","name":"Nancy Pelosi","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":61,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Nancy Pelosi reports no individual-stock trades of her own, but under the STOCK Act she discloses her venture-capitalist husband Paul Pelosi's large and frequent trades, which Capitol Trades estimates at roughly $59 million in volume over three years, concentrated in mega-cap technology stocks and options; the portfolio returned about 70.9% in 2024 versus the S&P 500's 24.9% per Unusual Whales. Some of those trades, notably a July 2022 Nvidia sale disclosed days before the CHIPS Act vote she supported, drew timing scrutiny. Her estimated net worth is among the highest in Congress, roughly $249 million in 2025 (with other estimates near $278.5 million), and her equity holdings grew an estimated $21.5 million in a single year, far beyond a congressional salary. As a correlation only (not proof of any quid-pro-quo), her campaign money draws heavily from entertainment, business, and health sectors she represents, and reporting documents that the Pelosis bought Visa stock in 2008 while Visa lobbied her on swipe-fee legislation. Family business controversies—including FBI scrutiny of her son Paul Pelosi Jr.'s dealings and her husband's real-estate partnership with a Democratic mega-donor—have been reported but did not result in adjudicated findings against her. No sourced evidence was found of campaign-fund personal use or of low vote attendance paired with heavy fundraising, so those components are scored as insufficient data rather than penalized.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":82,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Nancy Pelosi reports no individual-stock trades of her own, but as a married member she is required under the STOCK Act to disclose her spouse Paul Pelosi's trades, which are large and frequent: roughly $59 million in disclosed trade volume over three years per Capitol Trades, with concentrated large positions and call options in mega-cap tech (Nvidia, Apple, Broadcom, Alphabet, Amazon, Tempus AI). The portfolio beat the market sharply (70.9% in 2024 vs. the S&P 500's 24.9% per Unusual Whales). Several trades drew scrutiny over timing, most notably a July 2022 sale of 25,000 Nvidia shares disclosed days before the Senate vote on the semiconductor-subsidizing CHIPS Act, which Pelosi publicly championed.","evidence":[{"claim":"Pelosi's disclosed trades had a volume of about $59 million over three years, with large tech positions including Apple, Nvidia, Broadcom, Alphabet, Amazon and Tempus AI reported in a Jan 17, 2025 periodic transaction report.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/politicians/P000197"},{"claim":"Pelosi's portfolio grew 70.9% between Dec 29, 2023 and Dec 30, 2024 vs. the S&P 500's 24.9%, per Unusual Whales' 2024 Congress Trading Report; over the past decade an estimated 838% cumulative return vs. the S&P's 256%.","sourceUrl":"https://fortune.com/2025/01/08/congress-stock-trading-pelosi-2024/"},{"claim":"Paul Pelosi sold up to $5 million of Nvidia/chipmaker stock (25,000 shares) and disclosed it one day before the Senate passed the CHIPS Act, which Nancy Pelosi supported.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/policy/finance/3577326-pelosis-husband-sells-off-up-to-5-million-worth-of-chipmaker-stock-ahead-of-semiconductor-bill-vote/"},{"claim":"Trade tracking of Nancy/Paul Pelosi is maintained by Quiver Quantitative based on STOCK Act disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Nancy%20Pelosi-P000197"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":70,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Pelosi's estimated net worth is among the highest in Congress: roughly $249 million in 2025 (down from ~$257M the prior year due to a real-estate writedown), with other late-2025 estimates near $278.5 million (5th-highest in Congress). Her equity portfolio alone grew an estimated $21.5 million in one year and roughly 18% in 2025, far outpacing a congressional salary (~$174K-$223K). Much of the wealth is attributable to her husband's venture-capital and trading activity, but the magnitude and consistent market outperformance over her decades-long tenure represent very large growth beyond salary and broad-market returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Pelosi's net worth was approximately $249 million in 2025, down from $257 million, with her equity portfolio growing an estimated $21.5 million even as a California real-estate stake (Russell Ranch) fell from a $5M-$25M range to $1M-$5M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Nancy%20Pelosi-P000197/net-worth"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimated Pelosi's net worth at about $278.5 million as of Dec 21, 2025, the 5th-highest in Congress; her stock portfolio returned an estimated 18% in 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://americanalmanac.com/nancy-pelosis-net-worth-falls-8-million-as-california-real-estate-stake-craters/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Pelosi's campaign and joint-fundraising money draws heavily from the entertainment/tech-adjacent and finance sectors she represents (San Francisco); OpenSecrets lists motion-picture production, TV/movies/music, business services, and health professionals among her top supporting industries, and her largest 2024 Victory Fund donor was the Diane Von Furstenberg Studio ($292,400). The clearest reported alignment example is the credit-card/payments industry: the Pelosis bought Visa stock in 2008 as Visa lobbied her against legislation to curb credit-card swipe fees. No bribe or quid-pro-quo is asserted; this is a reported correlation between donor/industry interests and legislative activity.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets lists motion picture production/distribution, TV/movies/music, business services, and health professionals among Pelosi's top supporting industries (2021-2022 cycle).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/nancy-pelosi/industries?cid=N00007360&cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Diane Von Furstenberg Studio was the top donor to the Nancy Pelosi Victory Fund in 2024 at $292,400.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/nancy-pelosi-victory-fund/C00492421/2024/donors"},{"claim":"The Pelosis' 2008 purchase of Visa stock occurred as Visa lobbied Pelosi to stop legislation curbing credit-card swipe fees, using lobbyists including a former Pelosi adviser.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/new-details-on-visas-attempt-to-influence-pelosi/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence was found of Pelosi's campaign committee, leadership PAC (PAC to the Future), or Victory Fund spending on personal-benefit categories in violation of FEC personal-use rules. Historical controversy over the cost of her travel involved U.S. government/military aircraft as Speaker, not campaign funds, and was reported as comparable to her Republican predecessor; it does not constitute campaign personal use. Absent specific FEC expenditure evidence, this component is scored as insufficient data rather than penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Pelosi's principal campaign committee (C00213512) and the Nancy Pelosi Victory Fund (C00492421) file regular FEC reports; FEC rules prohibit personal use of campaign funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00213512/"},{"claim":"Reported controversy over Pelosi's travel costs involved U.S. Air Force/government aircraft as Speaker and was comparable to predecessor Dennis Hastert, not campaign funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.factcheck.org/2010/03/pelosis-party-plane/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Pelosi's family has reported business entanglements that have drawn scrutiny, though no confirmed finding of family lobbying directly tied to her office was established. Her son Paul Pelosi Jr. was reportedly interviewed by the FBI in connection with a fraud/bribery investigation (one of several inquiries tied to his business dealings) and has been accused in press reports of leveraging his mother's name in business, none of which produced charges against him as of reporting. Husband Paul Pelosi's real-estate (Russell Ranch with mega-donor Angelo Tsakopoulos) and IPO participation prompted an FBI/ethics conversation and informal 'Pelosi provision' language in later disclosure law. These are reported associations and controversies, not adjudicated findings.","evidence":[{"claim":"Paul Pelosi Jr. was interviewed by the FBI in a fraud/bribery investigation and has faced press accusations of misusing his mother's political influence in business dealings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2022/feb/1/nancy-pelosis-son-allegedly-tied-fraud-and-bribery/"},{"claim":"Paul Pelosi's Russell Ranch real-estate partnership with Democratic mega-donor Angelo Tsakopoulos was worth $5M-$25M and was disclosed belatedly; IPO participation prompted informal 'Pelosi provision' language in disclosure law.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/oct/10/pelosis-disclosure-belated-in-husbands-land-deal/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced figure for her 2023-2024 missed-vote rate was obtained. As Minority Leader/former Speaker she remained an active fundraiser (leadership PAC 'PAC to the Future' raised about $8 million in 2024), but no sourced evidence ties heavy fundraising or paid speeches to documented low vote attendance. Per the rubric, absence of evidence is not penalized, so this is scored as insufficient data.","evidence":[{"claim":"Pelosi's leadership PAC, PAC to the Future, raised about $8 million in 2024 and gave $1 million to Democratic candidates.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/nancy-pelosi-for-congress/C00213512/pac-to-pac/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001063","name":"Henry Cuellar","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"TX","score":49,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Henry Cuellar (D-TX28) presents a record dominated not by stock trading or absenteeism but by a major federal corruption case: in May 2024 he and his wife Imelda were indicted on 14 counts including bribery, acting as an unregistered foreign agent, wire fraud, and money laundering, with DOJ alleging ~$600,000 in payments from an Azerbaijani state oil company and a Mexican bank were laundered through family-owned shell companies in exchange for official acts. He has no meaningful individual-stock trading and a strong voting-attendance record (1.7% missed votes), but he diverted the majority of his 2024 campaign spending (over $784,900) to criminal-defense legal fees. The case ended without conviction when President Trump pardoned both Cuellars on December 3, 2025; all allegations remain unproven in court. Scores are elevated on the money-influence, revolving-door, and net-worth components because of the indictment's specific, sourced allegations, while clean-record components (stock trading, job-vs-fundraising) score low.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading found. Quiver Quantitative shows no trades, no disclosed equity holdings, and zero trade volume for Cuellar. STOCK Act PTR record is effectively empty; per rubric, 0 for no individual-stock activity.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative trading profile shows no trades, no disclosed holdings, and '—' trade volume/total trades for Cuellar.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Henry%20Cuellar-C001063"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":70,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Reported net worth rose sharply from roughly $602K (2018) to an estimated ~$8.5M (2023) per third-party trackers, far above congressional salary plus market. Federal indictment ties ~$600K in undisclosed foreign payments (2014-2021) flowing to family shell companies, directly relevant to unexplained growth, though disclosure-based net-worth figures vary widely and post-date the alleged scheme.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth reportedly increased from $602,008 in 2018 to about $8.5 million in 2023; ~$600K in bribes laundered through Imelda Cuellar's shell companies 2014-2021.","sourceUrl":"https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/us-congressman-henry-cuellar-and-his-wife-charged-bribery-unlawful-foreign-influence-and"},{"claim":"Personal-finance net worth tracking for Cuellar.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/henry-cuellar/net-worth?cid=N00024978"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":90,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof — though here a federal indictment alleges direct quid pro quo. DOJ charged Cuellar with accepting ~$600K from an Azerbaijani state oil company and a Mexico City bank in exchange for using his office to shape U.S. foreign policy toward Azerbaijan and to influence legislation/Executive Branch officials for the bank. He was indicted May 2024 on 14 counts including bribery, foreign-agent, wire fraud, and money laundering; pardoned by President Trump Dec 3, 2025 (no conviction).","evidence":[{"claim":"DOJ: Cuellar accepted ~$600K bribes from Azerbaijani state oil company and a Mexican bank, agreeing to influence U.S. foreign policy and legislation in their favor.","sourceUrl":"https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/us-congressman-henry-cuellar-and-his-wife-charged-bribery-unlawful-foreign-influence-and"},{"claim":"Indicted May 2024 on 14 counts; Trump pardoned Cuellar and wife Dec 3, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-says-pardoning-democratic-rep-henry-cuellar-was-indicted-bribery-rcna247185"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Cuellar steered the majority of his 2024 campaign spending to personal legal defense: more than $784,900 of ~$1.5M spent through March 2024 went to legal fees, including ~$690K to Clifford Chance (his criminal-defense firm) and $46,900 to Perkins Coie. Using donor funds for criminal-defense costs is permissible under FEC rules but represents a large personal benefit from campaign donations.","evidence":[{"claim":"Over $784,900 of ~$1.5M in campaign spending went to legal fees; ~$690K to Clifford Chance, his criminal-defense firm.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2024/05/indicted-member-of-congress-steers-campaign-donor-funds-legal-fees-bribery-allegations/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":75,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Family used as conduit for office-tied money: indictment alleges bribes were laundered via sham 'consulting' contracts through shell companies owned by wife Imelda Cuellar (who did little/no real work) and at least one adult child helped create the shell entities. Cuellar also allegedly recruited a former campaign manager to facilitate payments. This is family/associate enrichment directly tied to his office rather than classic post-Hill lobbying, but squarely within the revolving-door/influence-conduit concern.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bribes laundered through sham consulting contracts into shell companies owned by Imelda Cuellar; an adult child helped create the shells; a former campaign manager helped facilitate payments.","sourceUrl":"https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/us-congressman-henry-cuellar-and-his-wife-charged-bribery-unlawful-foreign-influence-and"},{"claim":"Indictment details on front companies, middlemen, and recruited family/associates.","sourceUrl":"https://www.texastribune.org/2024/05/03/henry-cuellar-texas-indicted-doj/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only 229 of 13,836 roll-call votes (1.7%) over 2005-May 2026, below the ~2.1% median. No evidence of paid-speech income or fundraising-driven absenteeism; he continued raising and spending heavily but did not neglect floor duties. Low score reflects diligent voting record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cuellar missed 229 of 13,836 roll call votes (1.7%), better than the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/henry_cuellar/400657"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"T000278","name":"Tommy Tuberville","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"AL","score":49,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Tommy Tuberville is among the most active individual-stock traders in the Senate, with public trackers reporting roughly 1,000+ disclosed transactions and $30M+ in total trade volume across 200+ issuers since 2021; his office says financial advisers manage the portfolio without his day-to-day involvement. In 2021 he was reported to have filed about 132 trades late, violating the STOCK Act's disclosure deadlines on transactions worth between roughly $894,000 and $3.56 million. Multiple outlets have flagged apparent overlaps between his trades and his committee jurisdictions, including defense stocks (e.g., Lockheed Martin) while on Armed Services, agricultural futures in corn, wheat, soy and cattle while on the Agriculture Committee, steel positions (Cleveland-Cliffs, U.S. Steel), and put options against Taiwan Semiconductor; these are documented conflict-of-interest concerns, not findings of illegal trading. His substantial wealth largely predates his Senate service, deriving from a long college-football coaching career, so net-worth enrichment attributable to office appears limited. On other accountability dimensions the public record is thinner: a GOP primary opponent filed an unproven state ethics complaint over roughly $3,600 in Florida travel/food charges, no family-lobbying ties surfaced in available sources, and he has missed about 4.9% of roll-call votes, above the ~2.8% senatorial median, including a documented absence to attend a Trump event.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":88,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"One of the Senate's most active traders: ~1,000+ disclosed trades and $30M+ volume across 200+ issuers; 132 STOCK Act late-disclosure violations in 2021 on up to $3.56M of trades; repeated trades in sectors his committees oversee (defense, agriculture, steel) plus TSMC puts.","evidence":[{"claim":"Tuberville failed to disclose about 132 stock and options trades within the STOCK Act's 45-day window in 2021, on transactions worth at least $894,000 and up to $3.56 million.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnbc.com/2021/07/27/china-critic-sen-tommy-tuberville-of-alabama-violated-stock-act.html"},{"claim":"Trackers report roughly 1,040 trades and about $30.8 million in total trade volume across 267 companies for Tuberville.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/tommy-tuberville/"},{"claim":"Tuberville disclosed $63,007-$245,000 in defense-stock trades in 2024 and held up to $50,000 in Lockheed Martin while on the Armed Services Committee, attending a hearing featuring Lockheed's CEO.","sourceUrl":"https://www.alreporter.com/2024/12/30/tuberville-involved-in-defense-stock-trading-while-on-armed-services-committee/"},{"claim":"Tuberville bought put options against Taiwan Semiconductor (TSMC) and up to $250,000 in rival Intel while serving on Armed Services as a China hawk, which an ethics expert called 'a clear conflict of interest.'","sourceUrl":"https://responsiblestatecraft.org/2023/04/28/senators-bet-against-taiwanese-semiconductor-giant-is-a-clear-conflict-of-interest/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Most of Tuberville's multimillion-dollar wealth predates the Senate, accumulated over a ~40-year college-football coaching career; post-office gains attributed to stock positions/trading are reported around $3.4M, modest relative to his pre-existing fortune.","evidence":[{"claim":"Tuberville's substantial wealth predates his Senate career, built during decades of football coaching (e.g., $5.1M Auburn payout in 2008; multimillion-dollar Texas Tech contracts), with disclosures placing net worth in the multimillion range.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/tommy-tuberville-net-worth-revealed/"},{"claim":"Since becoming a senator, Tuberville's net worth has been enriched by stock positions and trading by more than roughly $3.4 million, on top of the $174,000 Senate salary.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Tommy%20Tuberville-T000278/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced analysis tying donor-industry concentration to specific votes/bills was obtained; no quid-pro-quo asserted.","evidence":[],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"A GOP primary opponent filed an unproven state ethics complaint alleging ~$3,600 in Florida travel/food charges and questioning Florida-vs-Alabama residency; no federal FEC personal-use finding identified. Allegation only, not adjudicated.","evidence":[{"claim":"Primary challenger Ken McFeeters filed an Alabama Ethics Commission complaint alleging about $3,600 in improper Florida travel and food charges, amid a residency dispute; the Tuberville campaign had not responded.","sourceUrl":"https://tuscaloosathread.com/tuberville-residency-controversy/"},{"claim":"Tuberville's campaign faced scrutiny over confusion about Alabama campaign-finance law regarding transferring his federal war chest, which watchdogs flagged as a potential violation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.alreporter.com/2025/04/25/tuberville-campaign-misfires-on-finance-law-confusion-risks-felony-violation/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence found of family members lobbying/contracting tied to the office or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline; absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Searches of lobbying and staff databases did not surface family-lobbying ties or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline specific to Tuberville's office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2020&id=N00044434"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Missed ~4.9% of roll-call votes (120 of 2,469, Jan 2021-Jun 2026), above the ~2.8% median for sitting senators, including a documented skip of a confirmation vote to attend a Trump event; no specific paid-speech-vs-vote conflict sourced.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2021 to June 2026 Tuberville missed 120 of 2,469 roll-call votes (4.9%), worse than the ~2.8% median among currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/tommy_tuberville/456796"},{"claim":"Tuberville was the lone Republican absent for a June 2023 vote on Jared Bernstein's CEA nomination, having skipped it to attend a political event with former President Trump.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsweek.com/republican-skips-senate-vote-support-trump-1806421"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001243","name":"David McCormick","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"PA","score":44,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"David McCormick (R-PA), a freshman senator and former Bridgewater Associates CEO, took office in January 2025 and is among the wealthiest members of Congress (estimated $176M+ net worth, much of it pre-office). His record shows active individual-stock and crypto trading in 2025 (up to ~$35M parsed volume), including a Goldman Sachs sale and repeated purchases of a Bitwise Bitcoin ETF while chairing the Banking Committee's Digital Assets subcommittee and voting to advance crypto legislation (GENIUS Act) — a direct sector-overlap concern flagged by reporters and ethics critics, though no proof of illegality. His 2024 campaign drew heavy finance-industry and billionaire super-PAC money (Ken Griffin, Jeff Yass), and past Bridgewater health/pharma holdings overlapped with his stated opposition to drug-price negotiation, raising correlation (not proof) concerns. His voting attendance is normal (~2.7% missed), and no campaign-fund personal-use or family-lobbying findings surfaced in public records reviewed.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Active individual-stock and crypto trading in 2025: up to ~$35M parsed volume including a Feb 2025 sale of up to $5M Goldman Sachs (financial sector, ~+25% return) and a Jan 2025 sale of up to $5M Rumble. Repeatedly bought a Bitwise Bitcoin ETF (BITB), totaling $500K-$1.25M, while chairing the Banking Digital Assets subcommittee and voting to advance the GENIUS Act crypto bill — a direct committee/sector overlap with documented profits (~24% gain). No evidence holdings are in a blind trust; spokesperson says they comply with Senate rules.","evidence":[{"claim":"Up to $35.2M tracked trades in 2025 including up to $5M Goldman Sachs sale (Feb 28) and up to $5M Rumble sale (Jan 16); large individual-stock volume.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+David+McCormick+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Bought $500K-$1.25M of Bitwise Bitcoin ETF (~24% gain) while chairing Banking's digital assets subcommittee and voting to advance the GENIUS Act stablecoin bill.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/senate/cryptocurrency-dave-mccormick-investments"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"McCormick entered the Senate in January 2025 as a centi-millionaire (estimated $176M+, 10th-highest in Congress) from his pre-office Bridgewater career. Pre-office wealth is not scored, and with only ~1.5 years in office there is insufficient data to isolate net-worth growth beyond salary and market returns attributable to his Senate tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth ~$176.7M as of Sept 2025; still holds $50M+ Bridgewater equity from pre-office exit agreement.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/dave-mccormick-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. McCormick's 2024 race drew heavy finance-industry money: a super PAC raised $18M from 34 donors including Citadel's Ken Griffin ($10M) and Jeff Yass ($1M); Keystone Renewal super PAC spent $30M/quarter. He sits on Banking and chairs Digital Assets, advancing crypto-friendly legislation. Separately, reporting notes past Bridgewater health/pharma holdings overlapped with his stated opposition to Medicare drug-price negotiation and PhRMA lobbyist donations. Alignment between donor/sector interests and his positions exists, but causation is unproven.","evidence":[{"claim":"Super PAC raised $18M from 34 donors including Ken Griffin ($10M, Citadel) and Jeff Yass ($1M); finance industry heavily backed his run.","sourceUrl":"https://www.inquirer.com/politics/philadelphia/inq2/dave-mccormick-super-pac-wall-street-donors-20241031.html"},{"claim":"Opposed Medicare drug-price negotiation and ACA provisions; accepted PhRMA-tied lobbyist donations while past Bridgewater pharma/insurer holdings rose sharply.","sourceUrl":"https://pennsylvaniaindependent.com/politics/dave-mccormick-bridgewater-pharmaceutical-companies-medicare-drug-prices-campaign-finance-donations/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records reviewed show campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit. He lent his own campaign $4.1M (a loan to the campaign, not personal use of campaign funds). No FEC complaints or reporting on personal-use of campaign money surfaced.","evidence":[{"claim":"McCormick lent his campaign $4.1M of personal funds; no evidence of campaign funds used for personal benefit.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/dave-mccormick-for-us-senate/C00800623/summary/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records reviewed show family members lobbying on matters tied to his office or staff-to-lobbyist pipelines linked to his Senate tenure (he took office Jan 2025). His wife Dina Powell is a former Goldman Sachs partner and Trump official, but no evidence of lobbying or contracts tied to his Senate position was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Spouse Dina Powell is a former Goldman Sachs partner and Trump administration official; no documented lobbying tied to his Senate office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wesa.fm/politics-government/2022-04-19/pennsylvania-senate-candidate-dave-mccormick-earned-22m-as-hedge-fund-ceo"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Attendance is normal: missed 22 of 830 roll-call votes (2.7%) from Jan 2025-June 2026, on par with the Senate median (~2.8%). No evidence of vote-skipping for fundraising or paid speeches. Low score reflects an essentially clean attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 22 of 830 roll call votes (2.7%), in line with the 2.8% median of currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/dave_mccormick/456968"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001157","name":"Michael T. McCaul","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"TX","score":42,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Michael McCaul (R-TX-10), former chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee and a senior member of Homeland Security, presides over one of the largest and most actively traded household securities portfolios in Congress; he was reported as the second-most-active trader in 2023 with roughly 1,826 trades, and disclosures show tens of millions in annual volume concentrated in technology, communications, financial, defense and health-care names, several of which (e.g., GE Aerospace, Woodward, CACI International) intersect sectors his committees oversee. A 2024 fact-check found no evidence of quid-pro-quo behind a viral Meta/TikTok claim, noting his trades are executed by a third-party investment manager through family limited partnerships and that he learned of trades only via disclosure; he has, however, filed numerous transactions late under the STOCK Act. McCaul's very large net worth (estimated from roughly $100M to nearly $300M in various years) predates his enrichment in office and derives from his wife's family (Lowry Mays / Clear Channel), so it is not scored as office-driven enrichment. On a correlation-only basis, he is among the top congressional recipients of pro-Israel/AIPAC money while championing robust military aid to Israel as Foreign Affairs chair, an alignment that is documented but not evidence of any quid pro quo. No public evidence was found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit, of family lobbying or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to his office, and his missed-vote rate (about 2.8% lifetime) is on par with the chamber median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":72,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Among the most active traders in Congress (reported 2nd-most-active in 2023 at ~1,826 trades), with large multi-sector volume including tech, communications, financial, defense and health-care names that overlap his Foreign Affairs and Homeland Security committee jurisdictions; includes defense holdings (GE Aerospace, Woodward, CACI) and a notable late-filing record. Mitigated by third-party manager via family LPs and a fact-check finding no quid-pro-quo on the Meta/TikTok claim.","evidence":[{"claim":"McCaul was Congress' second most-active stock trader in 2023, completing 1,826 trades; he sold $10.4M tech, $9.5M communications, $9.2M financial, $6.6M consumer cyclical and $6.4M health-care stocks and bought tech in 142 separate transactions while on Foreign Affairs and Homeland Security committees.","sourceUrl":"https://newrepublic.com/post/177806/members-congress-made-stock-trading-2023"},{"claim":"Recent disclosures show ~820-1,008 trades for the 2025 term across 164 companies totaling tens of millions, including a $50,001-$100,000 CACI International (defense contractor) purchase on 5/20/2026 and large tech/financial positions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/michael-mccaul/"},{"claim":"McCaul bought GE Aerospace in January 2025 while receiving Iran briefings as Foreign Affairs chair, and has filed thousands of trades after the STOCK Act deadline (reported ~20.7% late-filing rate).","sourceUrl":"https://www.govgreed.com/learn/stock-act-explained"},{"claim":"A fact-check found the Meta/TikTok 'self-dealing' claim overstated: trades were made by a third-party manager via LLM Family Investments LP, McCaul had no advance knowledge, and the LP had held Meta since at least 2013; his TikTok bill predated the purchases by over a year.","sourceUrl":"https://thedispatch.com/article/assessing-claims-about-michael-mccauls-investments/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"McCaul is among the wealthiest members of Congress (estimates ranging from ~$100M to ~$294M), but his fortune predates and derives almost entirely from his wife Linda's family (Lowry Mays / Clear Channel) via large monetary transfers, not from office-driven gains. Per the rubric, pre-office and family-transfer wealth is not scored as enrichment; the low score reflects only that no salary-implausible, office-correlated growth is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"McCaul's net worth rose from ~$12M in 2004 to ~$294M by 2011, an increase attributed to large monetary transfers from his wife's family; his wealth stems from spouse Linda Mays McCaul, daughter of Clear Channel founder Lowry Mays.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_McCaul"},{"claim":"Multiple outlets describe McCaul as among/the wealthiest member of Congress, with wealth largely held by his wife and traced to the Mays (Clear Channel/iHeartMedia) family generational transfer.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2011/08/18/mccaul-leaps-to-top-of-50-richest-members-of-congress/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: McCaul is among the top congressional recipients of pro-Israel/AIPAC money while serving as Foreign Affairs chair and championing robust, unconditioned U.S. military aid to Israel. The financial concentration and legislative alignment are documented; no quid pro quo is asserted or evidenced.","evidence":[{"claim":"McCaul received $98,026 from AIPAC in November 2023, among the top recipients, and ~$790,085 from pro-Israel groups overall; AIPAC's PAC contributions to him have been reported around $488,315.","sourceUrl":"https://truthout.org/articles/fec-filing-shows-aipac-made-record-donations-to-congress-in-november/"},{"claim":"As Foreign Affairs chairman McCaul stated he 'would not be for conditioning [aid to] Israel' and touted passing full security assistance to Israel, aligning with his pro-Israel donor base.","sourceUrl":"https://mccaul.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/icymi-mccaul-engel-discuss-the-us-israel-relationship-bipartisanship-at"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets profile catalogues his contributor and industry concentrations (PACs ~22.66% of 2023-24 receipts), the basis for correlating donor sectors with committee activity.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/michael-mccaul/summary?cid=N00026460"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting or FEC enforcement action found indicating McCaul used campaign or leadership-PAC funds (Texas Republicans United PAC) for personal-benefit categories. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"McCaul operates a leadership PAC (Texas Republicans United PAC); searches of FEC and campaign-finance watchdog sources surfaced no personal-use complaint or finding specific to him.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4TX10093/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public evidence found of family members lobbying or contracting tied to his office, or of a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. His wife's roles are with the Mays Family Foundation and civic/medical boards, not federal lobbying tied to his office. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Linda Mays McCaul's documented affiliations are philanthropic/civic (Mays Family Foundation board, MD Anderson, Texas DPS Foundation), with no reported lobbying or contracting tied to McCaul's congressional office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_McCaul"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"McCaul's attendance is solid: he missed about 2.8% of roll-call votes from 2005 to mid-2026, on par with the chamber median (~2.1%). No pattern of heavy missed votes coinciding with fundraising or paid speeches was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2005 to June 2026, McCaul missed 381 of 13,852 roll-call votes (2.8%), on par with the median of 2.1% among current representatives' lifetime records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/michael_mccaul/400654"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001082","name":"Kevin Hern","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"OK","score":42,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Kevin Hern (R-OK, House) is one of the wealthiest members of Congress, with a median net worth that rose from roughly $61 million in 2018 to about $110 million by 2024; the bulk of that fortune predates his office and derives from McDonald's franchise ownership. His household is an active individual-stock trader, executing large trades — including UnitedHealth, Johnson & Johnson, Citigroup, Royal Bank of Canada, Coterra Energy, and Devon Energy — across personal and family trust accounts. NOTUS reporting found he appears to have late-disclosed between $4.2 million and $17.6 million in trades under the STOCK Act since early 2025, and he previously failed to timely disclose up to $2.7 million in 2021; his office disputes that the filings are late and says Hern personally has no role in trading decisions. Several trades overlap with his Ways and Means Health Subcommittee jurisdiction (a ~$250K–$500K UnitedHealth sale) and his oil-and-gas-heavy Oklahoma district (Coterra and Devon Energy), creating documented sector-overlap concerns, though no quid-pro-quo is alleged. His congressional voting attendance is strong (about 1.5% missed votes, better than the chamber median), even amid a 2026 Senate campaign that raised over $1 million in a single month. No public reporting was found alleging campaign-fund personal use or family lobbying/revolving-door enrichment.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":68,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Active household trader across personal IRA, family trust, and charitable trust accounts. Trades include large positions in sectors overlapping his committee jurisdiction (UnitedHealth/J&J/Boston Scientific/Masimo vs. Ways & Means Health Subcommittee) and his district's industry (Coterra and Devon Energy). NOTUS found apparent STOCK Act late disclosures of $4.2M-$17.6M since early 2025; a prior 2021 lapse involved up to $2.7M. No evidence of confirmed market-beating returns or trades on nonpublic info; office says Hern has no personal role in trades.","evidence":[{"claim":"NOTUS: since early 2025 Hern appears to have late-disclosed at least $4.2M and up to $17.6M in stock/corporate-security trades; a Royal Bank of Canada purchase ($250K-$500K, Jan 7, notified Jan 8) was not filed until Feb 18, past the 30-day window.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/money/kevin-hern-oklahoma-stock-act-trading-congress"},{"claim":"Hern serves on the House Ways and Means Health Subcommittee and his portfolio includes UnitedHealth, Johnson & Johnson, Masimo, and Boston Scientific; he previously failed to disclose up to $2.7M in trades in 2021.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/money/kevin-hern-oklahoma-stock-act-trading-congress"},{"claim":"Hern sold $250K-$500K of UnitedHealth via the Hern Family Revocable Trust (Dec 23), one of the largest UnitedHealth trades disclosed by any lawmaker over the prior year, while sitting on the Ways and Means Health Subcommittee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/press/house-health-panel-member-kevin-hern-sold-unitedhealth-amid-stock-trading-ban-push-2026-02-04"},{"claim":"Hern traded Coterra Energy (CTRA) and Devon Energy (DVN) in $15,001-$50,000 increments across the Hern Family Foundation and his Traditional IRA, and sold a $1M-$5M Morgan Stanley zero-coupon note via his Charitable Remainder Trust.","sourceUrl":"https://www.investing.com/news/company-news/kevin-hern-trades-in-coterra-energy-and-devon-energy-stocks-sells-morgan-stanley-financial-note-93CH-4725538"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Median net worth rose from ~$61M (2018) to ~$110M (2024), a ~$49M increase over tenure. However, the underlying fortune predates office (McDonald's franchises sold by 2021) and much of the growth is plausibly attributable to investment of pre-existing wealth and broad-market appreciation rather than office-driven gains. Per rubric, wealth predating office is not scored; only the ambiguous portion of growth supports a modest score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hern's median net worth increased from over $61M in 2018 to about $110M by 2024, a gain of roughly $49M during his congressional tenure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/capitol-gains/oklahoma-congress-money-investments-stocks"},{"claim":"Hern's fortune derives primarily from McDonald's franchises (bought first in 1997, owned ~18 locations, sold his last by 2021); his 2018 disclosure valued the operating trust at $25M-$50M with $1M-$5M annual income.","sourceUrl":"https://oklahomawatch.org/2026/03/18/fast-food-farming-and-market-gambles-how-oklahomas-congressional-delegation-got-rich/"},{"claim":"Hern is among the wealthiest members of Congress, with net worth estimates ranging from roughly $46M to $166M.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Hern"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Hern represents an oil-and-gas-rich district, sits on Ways and Means leading a tax working group prioritized by large companies, and advances energy/tax legislation (e.g., Pay Less at the Pump Act repealing the Superfund tax) aligned with energy-sector interests. OpenSecrets tracks his industry donors but exact oil-and-gas dollar totals are not published in a sourced form. Directional alignment between energy/finance donor base and his legislative priorities is evident; no quid-pro-quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hern cosponsored the Pay Less at the Pump Act to terminate the Superfund Tax (est. $10.5B over 10 years) and advocates an 'all-of-the-above' energy approach for oil-and-gas-rich Oklahoma; he leads a Ways and Means tax group on international taxes prioritized by big companies.","sourceUrl":"https://hern.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=422"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains Hern's industry-donor breakdown (oil & gas, securities & investment) for his campaign committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/kevin-hern/industries?cid=N00040829&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Hern serves on the Committee on Ways and Means and chairs/has chaired conservative leadership bodies (Republican Study Committee, Republican Policy Committee), giving him influence over tax and energy policy.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Hern"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting or watchdog findings were located alleging that Hern's campaign or leadership-PAC (Frontier PAC / New Frontier PAC) funds were spent on personal-benefit categories. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hern's principal campaign committee (Hern for Congress) and candidate filings are tracked by the FEC; no personal-use findings were identified in available reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H8OK01157/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence was found of family members lobbying or contracting tied to his office, or of a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. LegiStorm tracks his staff and any revolving-door connections, but no specific findings were surfaced. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm maintains Hern's staff directory and revolving-door tracking; no family-lobbying or contracting ties were identified in available reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/3247/name/Kevin_Hern.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Hern's voting attendance is strong: he missed only 57 of 3,861 roll-call votes (1.5%) from Nov 2018 to June 2026, better than the ~2.1% chamber median, even while running an active 2026 Senate campaign that raised over $1M in March alone. No pattern of missed votes coinciding with fundraising or paid speeches was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"From Nov 2018 to June 2026, Hern missed 57 of 3,861 roll-call votes (1.5%), better than the ~2.1% median for current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/kevin_hern/412748"},{"claim":"Since announcing his Senate campaign on March 11, 2026, Hern had over $8M on hand across his victory accounts and raised over $1M in March alone.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Hern"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000599","name":"Daniel S. Goldman","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"NY","score":42,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Dan Goldman (D-NY-10), an heir to the Levi Strauss fortune and among the wealthiest members of Congress (estimated net worth ~$184M-$253M, predating his 2023 entry to office), conducted hundreds of individual securities trades during his first year in office despite a 2022 campaign pledge to use a blind trust; STOCK Act filings have been parsed showing trade activity in the tens of millions of dollars across sectors including defense, pharmaceuticals, finance, and tobacco. Reporting flagged potential conflicts because some holdings (e.g., defense contractors Raytheon, L3Harris, Northrop Grumman) operate in areas overseen by his Homeland Security and Oversight committee assignments, and he sold bank stocks (First Republic, PacWest) shortly before those banks collapsed or required bailouts, though his office said an investment adviser managed the portfolio without his involvement. In July 2023 he sold up to $37.1M in stocks and bonds, and on April 23, 2025 his office announced he had finalized placing his assets into qualified blind trusts and divested individual stock holdings. His campaign funding is concentrated in the securities and investment industry (his largest sector at ~$628K for 2023-24, with Goldman Sachs a top donor), a correlation that is not proof of any quid pro quo. No public evidence of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying, or fundraising-linked vote-skipping was found, though his 7.2% missed-vote rate exceeds the chamber median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":78,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Conducted hundreds of individual stock trades (~500 in his first months in office) with STOCK Act filings parsed showing tens of millions in activity, across sectors including defense, pharma, finance and tobacco. Several holdings (Raytheon, L3Harris, Northrop Grumman) overlap his Homeland Security/Oversight committee jurisdiction, and he sold First Republic and PacWest bank shares days before their collapse/bailout. His office attributed trades to an investment adviser; he divested and finalized a blind trust by April 2025. No STOCK Act late-filing fine was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Goldman made nearly 500 stock trades since entering office in January 2023 despite a pledge to form a blind trust; portfolio spans defense, pharma, finance, energy, tech, real estate and tobacco, including up to $50,000 in Northrop Grumman and shares in Raytheon and L3Harris.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rawstory.com/raw-investigates/daniel-goldman/"},{"claim":"Goldman has conducted hundreds of stock trades worth millions since entering Congress; he sits on Homeland Security, Oversight, and the Weaponization subcommittee, raising conflict concerns over defense holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://dailycaller.com/2023/04/18/dan-goldman-stock-trade-disclosures/"},{"claim":"Goldman sold up to $15,000 of PacWest Bancorp on March 6, 2023, four days before SVB's collapse; the stock later fell from ~$27 to ~$5. His spokeswoman said he is not involved in trading his adviser-managed portfolio.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/2053813/perfect-timing-wall-street-democrat-sold-bank-stock-before-collapse-filings-reveal/"},{"claim":"On April 23, 2025 Goldman's office announced he finalized placing assets into blind trusts and divested all individual stock holdings, which will no longer be traded on his behalf.","sourceUrl":"https://goldman.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-dan-goldman-finalizes-entry-assets-blind-trust"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Goldman's large fortune (estimated ~$184M-$253M) derives from being a Levi Strauss heir and predates his 2023 entry to Congress, so it is excluded from scoring. No sourced evidence shows net-worth growth beyond salary and broad-market returns attributable to his time in office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Goldman is an heir to Levi Strauss & Co. (great-grandfather Walter Haas was company president) with an estimated net worth up to ~$253M, making him one of Congress's richest members; his wealth predates his 2023 office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Goldman"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: Goldman's campaign money is concentrated in the securities and investment industry (his top sector at ~$628K for 2023-24), with Goldman Sachs a top donor to his victory fund, and he represents a Wall Street-adjacent district. AIPAC was also a major contributor. No quid-pro-quo is asserted; this reflects donor concentration alongside sector alignment only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities & Investment was Goldman's leading industry contributor at $628,427 for the 2023-24 cycle; AIPAC was among top contributors ($194,350), and Goldman Sachs was the top donor to his Victory Fund ($58,000).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/dan-goldman/contributors?cid=N00051424&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced public evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal-benefit categories was found. His self-funding via a $4.9M personal loan (never repaid) is a candidate contribution to the campaign, not personal use of campaign funds, and does not score under this rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"Goldman loaned his 2022 committee $4.9 million which was never repaid; this is candidate self-funding into the campaign, not personal use of campaign funds. No FEC personal-use finding was identified.","sourceUrl":"https://legis1.com/news/dan-goldman-ny-10-fundraising-the-money-ny-10s"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Goldman's wife, Corinne Levy Goldman, serves as his campaign treasurer (a compliance role), but no evidence indicates she or other family members lobby or hold contracts tied to his office, and no staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was documented. The treasurer role is a minor, common arrangement rather than self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Corinne Levy Goldman is the campaign's treasurer; the campaign manager said she has no role in day-to-day strategy outside compliance. No family lobbying or contracting tied to his office was found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.jta.org/2026/03/04/ny/rep-dan-goldman-facing-blowback-over-wifes-social-media-posts-criticizing-pro-palestinian-activists"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"GovTrack reports Goldman missed 132 of 1,825 roll-call votes (7.2%) from January 2023 to June 2026, above the ~2.1% median for currently serving representatives. No sourced evidence links these absences to fundraising events or paid speeches, so the elevated miss rate alone supports only a modest score.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2023 to June 2026 Goldman missed 132 of 1,825 roll call votes (7.2%), worse than the 2.1% median of representatives currently serving; GovTrack does not attribute reasons.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/dan_goldman/456923"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001244","name":"Ashley Moody","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"FL","score":42,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Ashley Moody, appointed to the U.S. Senate in January 2025, drew scrutiny for up to ~$3.3M in individual-stock trades during her first months in office, including health-sector holdings such as Eli Lilly while serving on the Health (HELP) Committee, which CNN flagged for committee-sector overlap. Her office attributes the trades to an extended-family investment partnership that acted without her direction, says she exited and stopped trading after April 2025, and notes she co-sponsors a bipartisan bill to ban congressional stock trading. She has accepted roughly $531,500 in corporate PAC money and raised ~$5.8M in 2025, a correlation-not-causation pattern of donor concentration aligned with her committees. Her vote attendance is strong (1.1% missed), and no public evidence was found of campaign personal-use violations, revolving-door conflicts, or net-worth enrichment beyond market over her short tenure.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Reported up to ~$3.3M in individual-stock transactions across Jan-Apr 2025 (her first months in office), including up-to-$250K buys in Applied Materials, AMD, Nvidia, Super Micro, Micron, and a ~$175K Eli Lilly purchase (3/6/2025). CNN flagged sector overlap: she sits on the HELP (health) Committee and held/traded health-care names like Eli Lilly. Office says trades were made by an extended-family investment partnership without her direction; she says she exited and has not traded since April 2025. No public market-beating-return analysis available. Elevated for volume and committee-sector overlap; tempered by the family-partnership attribution and her co-sponsorship of a trading ban.","evidence":[{"claim":"Disclosed up to ~$3.3M in trades in early 2025 (Applied Materials, AMD, Eli Lilly, Nvidia, Super Micro, Micron); office says a family investment partner directed them and she stopped trading after April 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/congress-trade-senator-ashley-moody-just-disclosed-new-stock-trades"},{"claim":"CNN analysis: Moody bought ~$175K of Eli Lilly on 3/6/2025 while serving on the Health (HELP) Committee, which released a drug-pricing report citing Eli Lilly testimony.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/09/politics/senator-stock-trading-congress"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Moody was sworn in January 2025; her federal tenure (~17 months) is too short and lacks comparable filed disclosures to measure net-worth growth beyond salary and market returns. Pre-office wealth (~$4.4M as Florida AG, 2023) is not scored. No evidence of enrichment beyond market identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moody's pre-Senate net worth was reported at ~$4.43M (Dec 2023) as Florida Attorney General; she was sworn into the Senate January 21, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wmnf.org/the-net-worth-of-florida-ag-ashley-moody-increases-to-4-4-million/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a freshman she has accepted ~$531,500 in corporate PAC money since the start of 2025, with advocacy-group reporting noting donations from defense, health-insurance, private-prison, and oil/gas interests alongside committee work and votes aligned with those sectors. This reflects donor concentration and vote alignment typical of her committees (Armed Services, HELP, Judiciary); no quid-pro-quo is alleged or established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Advocacy report: Moody accepted ~$531,500 in corporate PAC money since the start of 2025, citing alignment with private prisons, health insurers, defense contractors, and oil and gas.","sourceUrl":"https://www.endcitizensunited.org/mostcorrupt2026"},{"claim":"FEC candidate overview documenting Moody's campaign committee receipts and contributors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S6FL00640/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting or FEC findings identified indicating personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence of evidence is not treated as a violation.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC overview of Friends of Ashley Moody / Ashley Moody Victory Fund disbursements; no personal-use findings located.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00896332/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence found of family members lobbying tied to her office, family contracts linked to her position, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline during her short Senate tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ballotpedia biographical profile; no documented family-lobbying or revolving-door ties to her Senate office identified.","sourceUrl":"https://ballotpedia.org/Ashley_B._Moody"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only 9 of 822 roll-call votes (1.1%) from Jan 2025-June 2026, better than the Senate median (~2.8%). She raised ~$5.8M in 2025 for her 2026 race, but heavy fundraising is not paired with vote-skipping; no evidence of paid speeches displacing duties. Low score reflects diligent attendance.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack: Moody missed 9 of 822 roll-call votes (1.1%) Jan 2025-June 2026, better than the median of ~2.8%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ashley_moody/457033"},{"claim":"Moody raised roughly $5.8M during 2025 for her 2026 Senate campaign.","sourceUrl":"https://floridapolitics.com/archives/788431-alex-vindman-raises-more-than-8m-in-first-quarter-to-challenge-ashley-moody/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"W000779","name":"Ron Wyden","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"OR","score":41,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Ron Wyden's household actively trades individual securities, and his portfolio rose roughly 123.8% in 2024 versus a 24.9% gain for the S&P 500, according to reporting based on STOCK Act filings. His wife, Nancy Bass Wyden, held up to roughly $3 million in Big Tech stocks (Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Google) in a managed (non-blind) account and traded energy companies (ExxonMobil, Shell) and Nvidia during periods when Wyden held relevant committee positions and advocated legislation such as the CHIPS Act and a \"digital trade\" agenda; ethics experts (Richard Painter, Craig Holman) called these an appearance of conflict, while no law was violated and Wyden's office says the couple keeps finances separate. Over a long career his top career industry donor is Securities & Investment (about $4.18 million) with Nike as his top organizational donor, reflecting a correlation between donors and his jurisdiction that does not establish quid pro quo. Public reporting surfaced no evidence of campaign-funds personal-use violations, and few of his staffers have moved into lobbying, with observers describing him as \"not a K Street kind of guy.\" No specific evidence of heavy missed votes paired with fundraising was found. Net-worth figures are difficult to attribute to office because much wealth is tied to his wife's longstanding family business (the Strand Bookstore) and broad-market index holdings.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"The Wyden household actively trades individual stocks. STOCK Act filings show a ~123.8% portfolio gain in 2024 (vs. 24.9% for the S&P 500). His wife traded ExxonMobil and Shell while he sat on energy-related committees and bought Nvidia (~$50k-$100k in 2020) amid his CHIPS Act advocacy; he also traded companies whose executives testified before the Senate Finance Committee he led. No law violated, but multiple sector-overlap and timing concerns raise the score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Wyden's stock portfolio rose ~123.8% in 2024, far outstripping the S&P 500's 24.9% gain, per STOCK Act filings.","sourceUrl":"https://salembusinessjournal.org/2025/05/13/wydens-2024-stock-windfall-outpaces-market-sparks-insider-trading-debate-2/"},{"claim":"Wyden's wife bought and sold ExxonMobil and Shell shares while he sat on committees handling energy legislation, and he traded companies whose executives testified before the Senate Finance Committee he led, per NYT analysis.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wweek.com/news/2022/09/18/wyden-blumenauer-and-their-wives-made-stock-trades-that-raise-conflict-of-interest-questions-nyt-says/"},{"claim":"Nancy Bass Wyden purchased Nvidia stock and the transactions coincided with Wyden's backing of the CHIPS Act; Nvidia was purchased ~$50,001-$100,000 in April 2020.","sourceUrl":"https://salembusinessjournal.org/2025/05/13/wydens-2024-stock-windfall-outpaces-market-sparks-insider-trading-debate-2/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative tracks Wyden's STOCK Act trades, including a June 2025 Pfizer sale ($1,001-$15,000).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Ron%20Wyden-W000779"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth grew from a ~$7.2M-$16.5M range (2023 disclosure) to third-party estimates around $24M by 2026, driven largely by an outsized 2024 market gain. However, much household wealth predates or sits outside office attribution: his wife's longstanding family business (Strand Bookstore) and large index/Big Tech index holdings (QQQ, growth-index funds, MSFT, AMZN). Salary is ~$174k. Growth beyond broad-market returns is plausible but hard to isolate, so scored low-moderate.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 disclosure placed Wyden's net worth between ~$7.15M and $16.55M; salary is ~$174,000; holdings include up to $1M each in MSFT, AMZN, QQQ, a growth-stock index portfolio, and residential property.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/ron-wyden-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Third-party estimate (Quiver Quantitative) put Wyden's net worth at ~$24.1M as of April 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Ron%20Wyden-W000779/net-worth"},{"claim":"2024 portfolio gain of ~123.8% materially outpaced the broad market, a key driver of recent net-worth growth.","sourceUrl":"https://salembusinessjournal.org/2025/05/13/wydens-2024-stock-windfall-outpaces-market-sparks-insider-trading-debate-2/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Securities & Investment is Wyden's top career industry donor (~$4.18M); as chair/ranking member of the Senate Finance Committee he holds jurisdiction over tax and financial policy, creating donor-jurisdiction overlap. He also advocated a Big Tech 'digital trade' / anti-regulatory agenda while his household held tech stocks and received tech-sector support. No quid pro quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities & Investment is Wyden's top career industry contributor at ~$4,182,826, with Nike as top organizational donor (~$257,316).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/ron-wyden/summary?cid=N00007724&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"Wyden organized a Senate letter pressing the Biden administration to support Big Tech's 'digital trade' agenda limiting domestic tech regulation, while his wife held ~$3M in Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, and Google stock.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/ron-wyden-big-tech-wife-stocks-1234974940/"},{"claim":"Lawyers/Law Firms led contributions to the Wyden Fund for a Senate Majority JFC in 2024 (~$44,450).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/wyden-fund-for-a-senate-majority/C00853366/2024/industries"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting or FEC enforcement record was found indicating Wyden spent campaign or leadership-PAC funds on personal-benefit categories. Per rubric, absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate and committee records for Wyden (Wyden for Senate) are publicly available; searches surfaced no personal-use enforcement findings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S6OR00110/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Limited staff-to-lobbyist pipeline: only a few former Wyden staffers became lobbyists (e.g., at Chrysler, Van Ness Feldman, American Health Quality Association), and observers describe his staff as loyal and Wyden as 'not a K Street kind of guy.' No evidence of immediate-family lobbying or contracting tied to his office was found; his wife runs the Strand Bookstore. Low score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Only a small group of Wyden staffers moved into lobbying; an industry headhunter described Wyden as 'not a K Street kind of guy' so staff rarely go downtown.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/business-a-lobbying/199775-wydens-rise-to-chairman-starts-k-street-bidding-war/"},{"claim":"Named former Wyden staffers in lobbying include Alexander Perkins (Chrysler), Ben McMakin (Van Ness Feldman), and Bruce Ehrle (American Health Quality Association).","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/lobbying-hires/199452-lobby-shop-strikes-gold-with-wyden-hire/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of a pattern of missed votes paired with heavy fundraising or paid speeches. Reporting noted only isolated absences (e.g., a medical-emergency miss). Per rubric, absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack maintains Wyden's voting/missed-votes report card; only isolated absences (e.g., one roll-call missed for a medical emergency) were noted, with no evidence linking absences to fundraising.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ron_wyden/300100"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"F000450","name":"Virginia Foxx","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"NC","score":40,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Virginia Foxx (R-NC, House) is an active individual-stock trader, filing roughly 64 STOCK Act periodic reports covering ~569 transactions across ~81 securities since 2020, concentrated in finance/REIT/energy names (e.g., Hercules Capital, Public Storage, Ellington Financial, Energy Transfer); these sectors do not directly overlap her Education and Workforce Committee jurisdiction, and no public reporting alleges insider timing or market-beating returns. As longtime chair/ranking member of the Education and Workforce Committee she receives concentrated donations from for-profit/career-college interests and large corporations she helps regulate, and watchdogs note her favorable posture toward that industry (correlation, not proof). Her voting attendance is strong (≈1% missed votes over her career), and no public FEC enforcement actions, campaign personal-use findings, or family-lobbying scandals were identified. Her elevated trading volume and donor-industry alignment are the main flags; most other categories show clean or insufficient-data records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"High-volume individual-stock trader: ~569 transactions across ~81 stocks via 64 STOCK Act filings since Jan 2020, including 2025-26 sales of Hercules Capital ($50K-$100K), Public Storage, and Energy Transfer (up to $65K). Holdings concentrated in finance, REITs, and energy. No public evidence of committee-sector overlap (her panel is Education/Workforce, not finance/energy), insider timing, or documented market-beating returns, which caps the score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Since 2020, Foxx filed 64 STOCK Act reports covering 569 transactions in 81 stocks; recent sales include Hercules Capital ($50K-$100K) and Public Storage.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/congress-trade-representative-virginia-foxx-just-disclosed-new-stock-trades"},{"claim":"Foxx sold up to $65K of Energy Transfer stock per a periodic transaction report.","sourceUrl":"https://www.webull.com/news/13102883905315840"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Disclosed net worth is roughly $3.4M-$10.5M (2023 filing), up from ~$3.67M estimated in 2018, but much of her wealth predates and stems from a family nursery/landscaping business and broad-range asset categories. No sourced analysis isolates growth exceeding salary plus market returns over tenure, so no penalty is applied.","evidence":[{"claim":"Foxx's 2023 disclosure estimates net worth between $3,355,037 and $10,450,000; OpenSecrets estimated ~$3.67M in 2018.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/virginia-foxx/net-worth?cid=N00026166"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":50,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As Education and Workforce Committee chair, Foxx draws concentrated donations from for-profit/career colleges and large regulated corporations (McDonald's, Lowe's, Deere, UPS, Home Depot, UBS, Boeing PACs), plus finance billionaires. Watchdogs document her soliciting for-profit-college money while publicly praising the industry her committee oversees and probes, an alignment of donations and favorable posture.","evidence":[{"claim":"Foxx accepted contributions from for-profit colleges/executives while heading higher-ed oversight and touting the industry; attended a fundraiser tied to a school chain her committee was investigating.","sourceUrl":"https://truthout.org/articles/congresswoman-accepts-money-tied-to-forprofit-colleges-then-touts-schools-efficiency/"},{"claim":"Corporate PACs (McDonald's, Lowe's, Deere, UPS, Home Depot, UBS, Boeing) and finance billionaires (Griffin, Singer, Schwarzman) are major donors to entities Foxx helps regulate.","sourceUrl":"https://truthout.org/articles/pro-israel-billionaires-line-up-behind-nc-republican-leading-campus-witch-hunt/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement action or credible reporting of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds was identified. Her campaign committee (C00386748) is active with normal disbursements; absence of findings is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee record for Virginia Foxx for Congress shows standard activity with no listed personal-use enforcement.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00386748/?tab=summary"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence that Foxx's husband Tom or other family members lobby or hold contracts tied to her office; the family business is a nursery/landscaping operation. No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was found. No penalty applied.","evidence":[{"claim":"Foxx and her husband Tom owned and operated a nursery and landscaping business (Foxx Family Inc.); no lobbying ties reported.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Foxx"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only 139 of 13,867 roll-call votes (~1.0%) from 2005-2026, better than the chamber median (~2.1%). She fundraises actively (e.g., ~$304.8K disclosed in one recent quarter, ~$990K in the 2024 cycle), but heavy fundraising paired with strong vote attendance yields a low score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Foxx missed 139 of 13,867 roll call votes (1.0%) from 2005-2026, below the median for serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/virginia_foxx/400643"},{"claim":"Foxx disclosed $304.8K of new fundraising in a recent reporting period.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/fundraising-update-representative-virginia-foxx-just-disclosed-3048k-new-fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000571","name":"Cynthia M. Lummis","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"WY","score":40,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Cynthia Lummis (R-WY) presents an unusual profile: her self-dealing exposure centers almost entirely on a single asset class, Bitcoin, rather than traditional stock trading. She bought Bitcoin in 2013 (pre-Senate) on the advice of her son-in-law, a Bitcoin-industry executive, and now holds roughly $100K-$250K in BTC while chairing the Senate Banking Subcommittee on Digital Assets and sponsoring the BITCOIN Act to create a federal Strategic Bitcoin Reserve, an unusually direct overlap between a personal asset and the policy she champions that ethics watchdogs have called a conflict of interest. She receives concentrated crypto-industry campaign money that aligns with her legislative agenda (correlation, not proof of a quid pro quo). Much of her wealth predates office (ranching, real estate, prior elected roles) and her net worth has been broadly stable; no campaign personal-use complaints or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline were found in public records, and she disclosed her Bitcoin holdings, albeit with a self-reported 2021 filing error.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":32,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lummis does not appear to be an active individual-stock trader; her notable holding is Bitcoin (~5 BTC, disclosed at $100K-$250K), a commodity rather than a stock. The relevant concern is asset-policy overlap, not trade volume: she chairs the Banking Digital Assets Subcommittee and sponsors the BITCOIN Act while personally holding the asset. She disclosed her August 2021 BTC purchase ($50K-$100K) via a late PTR her office attributed to a 'filing error.' No evidence of frequent committee-timed equity trades or market-beating churn; score reflects the holding-while-legislating overlap, not trading behavior.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lummis disclosed a Bitcoin purchase of $50,001-$100,000 via a late Periodic Transaction Report; her office cited a filing error, and she had earlier disclosed BTC worth $100K-$250K.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/07/senator-cynthia-lummis-discloses-a-bitcoin-purchase-worth-up-to-100000.html"},{"claim":"Lummis chairs the Banking Digital Assets Subcommittee and sponsors the BITCOIN Act for a federal Strategic Bitcoin Reserve while personally owning Bitcoin.","sourceUrl":"https://www.lummis.senate.gov/press-releases/lummis-introduces-strategic-bitcoin-reserve-legislation/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Lummis entered the Senate already wealthy from ranching, real estate, and prior elected office, and her Bitcoin position dates to 2013, pre-Senate. OpenSecrets-derived estimates place her net worth broadly in the $5.7M-$24M disclosure range, roughly stable over her tenure. Bitcoin appreciation reflects market movement on a pre-office asset rather than salary-anomalous growth. No documented enrichment beyond salary plus market is available, so per the rubric this scores 0 (absence is not penalized).","evidence":[{"claim":"Lummis's net worth (estimated $5.7M-$24M from disclosures) derives largely from pre-office ranching, real estate, and investments; her Bitcoin was acquired in 2013 before her Senate tenure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/cynthia-lummis/net-worth?cid=N00029788"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Lummis is the Senate's most prominent crypto advocate and receives concentrated contributions from crypto VCs and executives (e.g., Andreessen Horowitz's Ben Horowitz and Chris Dixon, Multicoin Capital's Kyle Samani, Kraken's chief legal officer, Pantera) while sponsoring/co-sponsoring industry-aligned legislation (BITCOIN Act, GENIUS Act). The donor-vote alignment is unusually tight given her subcommittee chairmanship, but no evidence of an explicit quid pro quo exists; this measures concentration and directional alignment only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Crypto VCs and executives from Andreessen Horowitz, Multicoin Capital, Kraken, and Pantera made maxed-out contributions to Lummis as she advanced crypto legislation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.theblock.co/post/157477/crypto-vcs-execs-gave-thousands-to-sen-cynthia-lummis-in-2022s-second-quarter"},{"claim":"Lummis chairs the Digital Assets Subcommittee and is a lead sponsor of the BITCOIN Act and co-sponsor of the GENIUS Act, aligning with crypto-industry interests.","sourceUrl":"https://www.lummis.senate.gov/press-releases/lummis-colleagues-introduce-legislation-to-codify-trumps-revolutionary-strategic-bitcoin-reserve-secure-americas-financial-future/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC complaints, enforcement actions, or credible reporting alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds were found in public records. Per the rubric, absence of evidence is not penalized; scored 0.","evidence":[{"claim":"No FEC complaint or investigation regarding personal use of campaign funds by Lummis was identified; her committees (Lummis for Wyoming) file standard reports.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S0WY00137/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"The notable tie is familial rather than a classic staff-to-lobbyist pipeline: Lummis's son-in-law, Will Cole, is a Bitcoin-industry executive (chief product officer at Unchained, and founder of Bitcoin payments firm Zaprite) who advised her 2013 BTC purchase. Watchdogs and a canceled Ripple meeting raised concern that his Bitcoin-maximalist views may shape her Bitcoin-favoring policy. No documented direct financial contracts between Lummis's office and Cole's firms, and no significant staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was found; score reflects the family-industry conflict, not proven contracting.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lummis's son-in-law Will Cole is a Bitcoin-industry executive (Unchained / Zaprite) who advised her Bitcoin purchase, prompting conflict-of-interest concerns about Bitcoin-favoring policy.","sourceUrl":"https://thecryptobasic.com/2025/06/03/lummis-bitcoin-family-ties-spark-conflict-of-interest-concerns-after-canceled-ripple-meeting/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced 2024 missed-votes percentage for Lummis is available, and no reporting indicates an abnormal absenteeism pattern or a heavy paid-speech/honoraria practice tied to fundraising. With no confirming data, scored 0 per the rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack maintains a 2024 report card with Lummis's voting/attendance statistics, but specific missed-vote figures were not accessible at the time of research.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/cynthia_lummis/412294/report-card/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001061","name":"John Hoeven","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"ND","score":39,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator John Hoeven (R-ND), a former banker and one of the wealthiest members of the Senate, has a clean attendance record (1.9% missed votes) and no documented campaign personal-use findings. His most notable accountability flag is high-volume individual-stock trading (~$68.7M across ~220 disclosed trades, 2018-2021), though the portfolio skews to healthcare/tech rather than his committee sectors and shows no documented suspicious timing or insider returns. As a senior member of the Agriculture, Appropriations, and Energy committees, his agribusiness and energy donor base aligns with his legislative advocacy, a correlation expected for a North Dakota senator and not proof of impropriety. A documented staff-to-lobbyist revolving door exists but is typical of Congress; his large wealth predates office and cannot be scored as tenure-driven enrichment from available records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"High-volume individual-stock trader: ~220 disclosed trades worth ~$68.7M (2018-2021), 175 of them individual stocks, skewed to purchases (153 buys vs 67 sells). Sector clusters in healthcare and technology. As a senior member of Agriculture, Appropriations, and Energy committees, the healthcare/tech tilt is not directly committee-aligned, but volume and dollar size are large. No public evidence of documented insider-timed trades or market-beating returns; private bank-holding positions (BRFG/BRFI, $5M-$25M each) are pre-office assets, not active trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hoeven disclosed ~220 trades worth ~$68.7M, 153 buys vs 67 sales, 175 individual-stock trades, concentrated in healthcare and technology, 2018-2021.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congressstock.com/politicians/john-hoeven"},{"claim":"Periodic Transaction Reports filed under the STOCK Act document his Senate stock disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://sec.report/Senate-Stock-Disclosures/Hoeven/John"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Hoeven is among the wealthiest senators (~$46.7M in 2018; 2023 disclosure range $22.5M-$96.8M). His fortune predates office, derived from his banking career (Westbrand/Bank of North Dakota leadership) and private holdings valued $5M-$25M. Pre-office wealth is not scored, and public records do not isolate growth beyond salary plus market returns attributable to his tenure. Scored 0 per rule against penalizing pre-existing wealth absent evidence of tenure-driven enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hoeven's estimated net worth was ~$46.7M (2018), ranked among top senators; wealth largely from banking/business including Westbrand bank holding ($5M-$25M).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/john-hoeven/net-worth?cid=N00031688"},{"claim":"2023 financial disclosure puts total assets between ~$22.5M and $96.8M.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hoeven"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Hoeven is a senior member of the Agriculture and Energy committees and chair/ranking member of Agriculture Appropriations, the panels most relevant to farm-subsidy and energy interests, and he is a consistent advocate for North Dakota agribusiness and oil/gas. Agribusiness and energy are among his natural donor bases via PACs and his Dakota PAC leadership PAC. This donor-vote alignment is structural and expected for an ND senator; no record establishes a quid pro quo. Exact dollar concentrations are not published in a sourced form, so confidence is medium.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hoeven is senior member of Senate Agriculture and Energy committees and chair/ranking member of Agriculture Appropriations.","sourceUrl":"https://www.hoeven.senate.gov/about/committee-assignments"},{"claim":"Dakota PAC is Hoeven's affiliated leadership PAC; campaign finance tracked via OpenSecrets profile.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/john-hoeven/summary?cid=N00031688"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public record of an FEC complaint or finding that Hoeven used campaign or his Dakota PAC leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit was located. General reporting notes leadership PACs broadly are prone to personal-use abuse, but nothing ties a specific personal-use allegation to Hoeven. Scored 0 per the no-data rule.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hoeven's principal committee (Hoeven for Senate) and Dakota PAC are active; no specific personal-use complaint surfaced in FEC/OpenSecrets records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00473371/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline: LegiStorm records show former Hoeven aides moving to/from industry lobbying, including a U.S. Beet Sugar Association lobbyist joining his staff, his policy adviser hired by the land-title insurance trade group after it met with the senator, and his health policy adviser hired by the largest pharmaceutical lobbying group (PhRMA). This is common in Congress and not unique to Hoeven, and no family member is shown lobbying his office, so the score is moderate, not high.","evidence":[{"claim":"Former Hoeven aides moved between his office and industry lobbying groups (beet sugar association, land-title insurance trade group, pharmaceutical lobby).","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/151837/John_Henry_Hoeven_III/hashkey/a88cff81.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 101 of 5,420 roll-call votes (1.9%) from Jan 2011 to June 2026, better than the ~2.8% median for sitting senators. No evidence of heavy missed votes paired with fundraising/paid-speech activity. Low score reflects a clean attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hoeven missed 101 of 5,420 votes (1.9%), Jan 2011-June 2026, better than the median 2.8% for current senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_hoeven/412494"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"J000293","name":"Ron Johnson","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"WI","score":39,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Ron Johnson (R-WI), a senator since 2011, has no public record of active individual-stock day-trading under the STOCK Act; his wealth is concentrated in privately held businesses (notably the plastics firm Pacur), real estate, and funds rather than tracked equities, so stock-trading concerns are minimal. The strongest accountability question is conflict-of-interest: he successfully fought to expand the 2017 tax law's pass-through deduction to 23% (settled at 20%), a benefit he publicly acknowledged applied to his own Pacur LLC, and ProPublica reported the carve-out disproportionately benefited two billionaire families who were among his largest donors. His reported net worth grew substantially over his tenure (roughly $24M to ~$65M median by some accounts), though much of that traces to the 2020 sale of Pacur, a pre-office asset, complicating any \"enrichment beyond salary\" inference. His voting attendance (about 2.8% missed, at the Senate median) and available records show no notable campaign-personal-use or family-lobbying findings, so those components score low or insufficient-data.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public record of active individual-stock trading via STOCK Act periodic transaction reports. Congressional trade trackers (Quiver, MarketBeat) show no populated individual-equity trade history; his holdings are in private businesses, real estate, and funds rather than tracked single stocks. Per rubric, absence of trading scores 0, not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Congressional stock-trade trackers list Ron Johnson but show no populated individual-stock trade activity.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Ron%20Johnson-J000293"},{"claim":"MarketBeat's congressional tracker profiles Johnson without a record of frequent individual-stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/ron-johnson/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Reported net worth grew markedly over his tenure (one analysis cites median wealth rising from ~$24M in 2011 to ~$64.9M), and OpenSecrets/press put 2018 net worth near $39M. However, the largest single jump traces to the 2020 sale of Pacur (a pre-office asset, sold for $5M-$25M) and longstanding rental income, which the rubric excludes from scoring as pre-office wealth. Moderate score reflects ambiguity, not a clear salary-beating gain attributable to office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Johnson's median wealth reportedly rose from about $24 million (2011) to about $64.9 million; much tied to the 2020 Pacur sale for $5M-$25M.","sourceUrl":"https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/05/13/back-in-the-news-the-riches-of-wisconsins-congressional-delegation/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finance data tracks Johnson's net-worth figures across his Senate tenure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/ron-johnson/net-worth?cid=N00032546"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Johnson cast a key vote for the 2017 tax law only after pushing to expand the pass-through deduction (sought 23%, landed at 20%); ProPublica reported the carve-out especially benefited the Uihlein and Hendricks families, among his largest donors, and he acknowledged his own Pacur LLC benefited. He has also taken ~$753K from oil & gas over his career while opposing climate legislation. The pass-through episode is a documented vote-aligned-with-donor-and-personal-benefit pattern; oil & gas is a smaller, more diffuse correlation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Johnson pushed the 2017 pass-through deduction; ProPublica found it benefited two billionaire families among his biggest donors, and he acknowledged Pacur benefited.","sourceUrl":"https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/ron-johnson-propublica-trump-tax-cut/"},{"claim":"Johnson took roughly $750K-$753K from the oil and gas industry over his tenure while dismissing climate change.","sourceUrl":"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2022/aug/19/league-conservation-voters/johnson-called-climate-change-bull-took-700000-don/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented findings of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit. A 2015 dispute concerned deferred compensation Johnson received from Pacur after self-funding ~$9M of his 2010 campaign, but election-law experts said a pre-campaign agreement made it lawful; this is a personal-compensation question, not campaign-fund personal use. No FEC enforcement action found.","evidence":[{"claim":"2015 dispute over Pacur deferred compensation tied to Johnson's $9M self-funded campaign; experts said the pre-arranged package was permissible.","sourceUrl":"https://captimes.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/ron-johnson-russ-feingold-trade-barbs-on-pacur-payment-pac-spending/article_add11679-d3e1-5a18-8903-b6b53fe54a80.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No specific public record found of Johnson family members lobbying tied to his office, office-linked contracts, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of data; scored 0 per rubric (not penalized).","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks lobbyist contributions to Johnson but no documented family-lobbying or staff revolving-door findings surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2016&id=N00032546"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: Johnson missed 151 of 5,432 roll-call votes (2.8%) from 2011 to mid-2026, equal to the Senate median. No record of heavy paid-speech income displacing official duties. Low score reflects a clean attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Johnson missed 151 of 5,432 roll call votes (2.8%) from Jan 2011 to June 2026, on par with the Senate median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ron_johnson/412496"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000032","name":"Byron Donalds","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"FL","score":39,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Byron Donalds (R-FL-19), a member of Financial Services and Oversight, has been in the House since 2021 and has been running for Florida governor since February 2025. He filed no transaction reports for 2022-2023. A Campaign Legal Center complaint followed in September 2024, and in November 2024 he filed a 25-page paper report covering trades back to 2021. Since then his trades have been filed on time and include financial-sector stocks and bitcoin. His PAC money leans heavily toward finance and insurance. During the governor's race he missed 10% of House votes, and his House committee kept spending, drawing an FEC warning. No ethics finding has been made.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Donalds and his wife filed no PTRs for 2022-2023. In September 2024 the Campaign Legal Center asked the Office of Congressional Ethics to investigate 108 unreported trades worth up to $1.6M; no OCE outcome was found. In November 2024 he hand-filed a 25-page paper PTR covering trades from January 2021 to May 2024, in some cases more than three years after the trade. Since then, 173 parsed transactions (about $0.2M to $2.7M) were filed on time. They include financial-sector names his Financial Services and Digital Assets subcommittee work touches: Robinhood, PayPal, Tradeweb, banks and a $50K-$100K bitcoin purchase. Volume is moderate, but the late filings span years and the sector overlap is direct.","evidence":[{"claim":"CLC (Sept 5, 2024) filed an OCE complaint saying Donalds failed to file PTRs for 108 trades by him and his spouse in 2022-2023 worth up to $1.6 million.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/press-releases/rep-byron-donalds-florida-fails-disclose-16-million-stock-trades-campaign-legal"},{"claim":"Florida Bulldog: the complaint flags 2023 trades in six companies under Financial Services jurisdiction (Elevance, Humana, JPMorgan, MSCI, RLI, WaFD); JPMorgan's PAC gave $3,000 in 2023 and the company lobbied on bills he sponsored or co-sponsored.","sourceUrl":"https://www.floridabulldog.org/2024/09/republican-rep-byron-donalds-failed-timely-report-stock-trades/"},{"claim":"Paper PTR stamped received Nov 8, 2024 (25 pages) discloses trades dated as early as Jan 5, 2021, with a notification date of 04/24/24.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2024/8220682.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR signed Jan 7, 2026 discloses a Dec 18, 2025 purchase of $50,001-$100,000 in Bitcoin.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20033747.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR filed April 2025 shows Donalds and his spouse each bought Robinhood (HOOD) on March 6, 2025 and sold March 20, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20029092.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"His 2025 federal report lists assets of roughly $1.2M to $3.3M against a $500K-$1M mortgage and $250K-$500K in student loans. His wife earns income from OptimaEd, Dewalt Impact Group and X Corp. No sign of large unexplained growth while serving.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual disclosure lists liabilities including a $500,001-$1,000,000 mortgage and a $250,001-$500,000 Department of Education student loan, and spouse income from OptimaEd, Dewalt Impact Group and X Corp.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075306.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"This shows correlation, not proof. Itemized 2024 PAC money (about $673K) leaned heavily toward finance and insurance, the industries his Financial Services Committee regulates: the American Bankers Association, Mortgage Bankers, UBS, Rock Holdings, Regions, Truist, Wells Fargo, SIFMA, Robinhood and LPL, among others. CLC tied some traded companies to his donors and to lobbying on his bills. There are no official allegations of a quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"2024 PAC donors to Byron Donalds for Congress include BankPAC, MORPAC, UBS, Rock Holdings, CUNA ($10,000 each), Regions ($9,000), Truist and Wells Fargo ($7,500 each), SIFMA ($6,000) and Robinhood ($5,500).","sourceUrl":"https://projects.propublica.org/itemizer/committee/C00733329/2024/pac-donations"},{"claim":"Elevance Health gave $2,500 and JPMorgan's PAC $3,000 in 2023 while Donalds traded their stock; JPMorgan lobbied on five bills he sponsored or co-sponsored.","sourceUrl":"https://www.floridabulldog.org/2024/09/republican-rep-byron-donalds-failed-timely-report-stock-trades/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No personal-use allegation was found. While running for governor, his House committee kept raising and spending: it moved $1.2M to the state PAC backing his governor run and spent $136,561 on security. The FEC warned him in 2025 to stop taking House contributions and refund them; the FEC lacks a quorum, so the matter is unresolved. This is a compliance question, not personal use.","evidence":[{"claim":"Florida Trident/WLRN (Aug 20, 2026): the House campaign transferred $1.2M to Friends of Byron Donalds, spent $136,561.47 on security, and was told by the FEC that contributions raised after his governor announcement must be refunded.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wlrn.org/light/government-politics/2026-08-20/byron-donalds-kept-house-re-election-campaign-alive-during-run-for-florida-governor"},{"claim":"FEC 2026 cycle: $738,092 raised and $2,143,626 spent by the House committee from Jan 1, 2025 to June 30, 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2FL14186/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"His wife runs OptimaEd, an education company, but no federal contracts, lobbying or official action tied to his office were found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":48,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview shows 68 missed votes out of 674 (10.1%) in the 119th Congress, about five times the House median, during his 2025-26 campaign for Florida governor. His House committee kept fundraising and spending through that period. Running for another office is stated as context and keeps the score below members who skip votes purely to fundraise.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th Congress roll-call data: 606 votes cast, 68 missed (10.1%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/data"},{"claim":"Donalds maintained his House campaign through almost his entire run for governor.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wlrn.org/light/government-politics/2026-08-20/byron-donalds-kept-house-re-election-campaign-alive-during-run-for-florida-governor"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"F000479","name":"John Fetterman","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"PA","score":39,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"John Fetterman (D-PA), in the Senate since 2023, has a notable tension between his public advocacy for a congressional stock-trading ban (he co-sponsored the ETHICS Act) and his household's trading activity: his dependent children's accounts have traded individual stocks and corporate bonds, including a March 2026 purchase of AI/chip stocks (Micron, Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon) while he sits on the Commerce Committee overseeing the CHIPS Act and AI policy. He has repeatedly filed STOCK Act disclosures late, attributing them to administrative errors and grandparent-funded children's accounts. His most distinctive accountability issue is attendance: he missed roughly 13% of roll-call votes from 2023 to 2026, far above the Senate median, while continuing to fundraise actively. No credible public evidence surfaced of campaign-fund personal use or family/staff revolving-door lobbying tied to his office.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":42,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Household (dependent children's) accounts traded individual stocks and 30+ corporate bonds. March 2026 purchases of AI/chip stocks (Micron, Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, Erie Indemnity) overlap his Commerce Committee jurisdiction over the CHIPS Act and AI policy; Micron received $6.165B in CHIPS funding. Volumes are small ($1k-$15k ranges) and trades are children's accounts (reportedly grandparent-funded), not his own. No market-beating return evidence. Hypocrisy angle: he publicly backs a trading ban. Moderate score for committee-sector overlap and timing, tempered by small size and indirect ownership.","evidence":[{"claim":"March 2026 filing shows a Fetterman child bought $1,001-$15,000 of Micron, Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, Erie Indemnity while he sits on Commerce Committee overseeing CHIPS Act; Micron got $6.165B in CHIPS funding.","sourceUrl":"https://finance.yahoo.com/markets/stocks/articles/sen-john-fetterman-backed-stock-100000469.html"},{"claim":"2024 disclosure included 30 corporate bond transactions and a Marathon Petroleum stock sale in children's accounts.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2024/08/16/fetterman-gallego-and-others-violate-ethics-law-by-failing-to-report-stock-trades/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth is modest for a senator (Quiver est. ~$1.6M Aug 2025; disclosure ranges roughly $639k-$2.45M), with most assets in bank CDs and children's trusts. No public analysis shows net-worth growth exceeding salary plus market returns over his short (2023-) tenure. Pre-office wealth not scored; no anomalous enrichment documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Fetterman's net worth is among the lower end of Senate millionaires; assets concentrated in Dollar Bank and Morgan Stanley CDs and children's trusts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.spotlightpa.org/news/2026/03/senate-wealth-disparity-millionaires-mccormick-fetterman-federal-government/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Since Oct 2023 Fetterman built a roster of pro-Israel and Republican donors as he became one of the Senate's most vocal Israel supporters, criticizing Biden from the right on Gaza. Some donors are tied to AIPAC, which targets ceasefire-supporting Democrats. The alignment between his stridently pro-Israel positions and the donor shift is documented but causation is unestablished; this reflects an ideological stance as much as donor influence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Since October 2023, Fetterman built a roster of Republican and pro-Israel donors as he advocated more stridently for Israel; some donors linked to AIPAC.","sourceUrl":"https://theintercept.com/2024/04/19/john-fetterman-israel-gop-donors/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets campaign-finance and industry profile for Fetterman.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/john-fetterman/industries?cid=N00038201&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting, FEC complaints, or investigations found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record for Fetterman shows committees but no documented personal-use findings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S6PA00274/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public evidence of family members lobbying or holding contracts tied to his office, nor of a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets summary for Fetterman; no revolving-door findings surfaced in available records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/john-fetterman/summary?cid=N00038201"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Fetterman missed 199 of 1,518 roll-call votes (13.1%) from Feb 2023 to June 2026, far above the ~2.8% Senate median, and reportedly skips committee hearings and caucus meetings, while continuing active fundraising (raised ~$4.7M in the 2024 cycle). Much absence is attributable to documented health/mental-health treatment and stated family-time choices rather than fundraising per se, but the missed-vote rate is among the highest in the chamber.","evidence":[{"claim":"Fetterman missed 199 of 1,518 roll-call votes (13.1%) Feb 2023-June 2026, vs ~2.8% Senate median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_fetterman/456877"},{"claim":"Reporting that Fetterman skips Senate duties, committee hearings, and caucus lunches.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/john-fetterman-clashes-colleagues-staff-skips-senate-duties-rcna205596"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001198","name":"Dan Sullivan","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"AK","score":38,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Dan Sullivan (R-AK) presents a mixed accountability profile driven mainly by his stock-trading record: roughly 80 trades worth up to $2.08 million while in office, with at least three documented STOCK Act late-disclosure violations between 2018 and 2022, though his office attributes the flagged sales to inherited assets handled by a third-party manager. His estimated net worth grew about 176% during his tenure to roughly $8 million, but a significant portion traces to inherited family wealth (RPM International) that predates his office and is not scored as enrichment. Industry contributions from defense, oil/gas, and fisheries broadly align with his committee roles and voting record, which is a correlation rather than proof of influence. No credible public evidence was found of campaign-fund personal use or family/staff revolving-door dealing, and his missed-vote rate (3.9%) sits only modestly above the Senate median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":52,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Reported roughly 80 trades worth $550K-$2.08M (2015-2024) and violated the STOCK Act's 45-day disclosure deadline at least three times (2018-2022), including late-disclosed sales of Mowi (seafood) and Five Below stock. Some holdings are inherited family stock (RPM International, founded by his grandfather) managed by a third party, which lowers the intent signal; no documented proof of trades timed to non-public committee information or confirmed market-beating returns. Sits on Armed Services, Commerce (Fisheries), and Environment committees, creating sector-overlap optics, but specific holding-to-vote linkage is unproven.","evidence":[{"claim":"Reported ~80 trades worth $550K-$2.08M (2015-2024) and violated STOCK Act disclosure deadlines at least three times.","sourceUrl":"https://thealaskacurrent.com/2026/04/15/sullivan-traded-up-to-2m-in-stocks-while-in-office/"},{"claim":"Failed to disclose Mowi and Five Below stock sales until weeks past the federal 45-day deadline; office said assets were inherited and sold by a third-party manager.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonexaminer.com/news/senate/alaska-gop-senator-disclosed-stock-trades"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth rose ~176% during his Senate tenure, from roughly $3M (2015) to ~$8.1-8.3M (2025), outpacing a salary-plus-market baseline. A meaningful share of growth is attributable to inherited family wealth (RPM International stock from his father/grandfather's company) rather than office-linked gains, which tempers the self-dealing inference. Confidence is medium because the inheritance vs. market vs. office-attributable split is not precisely documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth increased ~176% since joining the Senate in 2015, from about $3M to $8.29M.","sourceUrl":"https://thealaskacurrent.com/2026/04/15/sullivan-traded-up-to-2m-in-stocks-while-in-office/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimates current net worth at ~$8.1M, ranking 124th in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Press+Release:+Alaska+Delegation+Celebrates+Repeal+of+2024+NPR-A+Rule+Under+Biden+Administration"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Sullivan, a senior Armed Services and Environment & Public Works member, receives substantial contributions from defense, oil/gas, and fisheries interests that align with his Alaska resource-development and pro-defense voting record. This is typical industry-to-committee alignment rather than documented quid pro quo; exact industry dollar concentrations are not published in a sourced form. No specific donor-to-vote exchange is established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Sullivan's OpenSecrets profile tracks his top contributing industries and organizations across cycles.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/dan-sullivan/summary?cid=N00035774"},{"claim":"Sullivan serves on Armed Services (chairs Readiness subcommittee) and Environment & Public Works, aligning with defense and resource-industry donors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.sullivan.senate.gov/about/committee-assignments"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No credible public record of Sullivan converting campaign or leadership-PAC funds to personal use was found. FEC complaints in the 2026 cycle target his same-named primary rival ('Decoy Dan') and opponent Mary Peltola, not Sullivan himself. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"2026 FEC complaints filed by the NRSC concern Sullivan's same-named challenger and opponent Peltola, not Sullivan's own spending.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/5920506-senate-gop-alaska-probe/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No specific, sourced evidence found of Sullivan's family members lobbying his office, contracts tied to his office, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. LegiStorm/OpenSecrets track such data but detail is paywalled and unverified here. Per rules, absence is scored 0 rather than penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Revolving-door staff and lobbying data for Sullivan is tracked but not publicly detailed in accessible sources.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving-door/search"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 169 of 4,289 roll-call votes (3.9%) from Jan 2015-June 2026, modestly above the 2.8% median for sitting senators. He maintains active fundraising (e.g., $717.9K disclosed in Q3 2025). Attendance is only slightly below median and there is no evidence of heavy paid-speech activity displacing official duties, so the score is low-moderate.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 169 of 4,289 roll-call votes (3.9%), worse than the 2.8% median for sitting senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/dan_sullivan/412665"},{"claim":"Disclosed $717.9K of fundraising in a Q3 2025 FEC filing.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4AK00214/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001035","name":"Susan M. Collins","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"ME","score":37,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Collins chairs the Senate Appropriations Committee, giving her influence over federal spending sought by healthcare, finance, and defense donors. She and her husband (former lobbyist Thomas Daffron) violated the STOCK Act by disclosing 24 stock trades worth up to $395,000 more than 100 days late between 2013-2018. Her husband's prior lobbying firm received roughly $60 million in government contracts during his tenure, and a pro-Collins super PAC drew an FEC complaint over an alleged $150,000 dark-money donation. Her floor-vote attendance is essentially perfect (0% missed lifetime).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Spouse traded individual stocks (Microsoft, JPMorgan, CVS, Pfizer bond); 24 transactions up to $395K disclosed 100+ days late, violating the STOCK Act Collins co-sponsored. No evidence of market-beating timing established, but late disclosure on individual equities by a senator's lobbyist spouse is a clear flag.","evidence":[{"claim":"Collins and husband disclosed 24 stock trades worth up to $395,000 more than 100 days late, violating the STOCK Act she helped write.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/senate/susan-collins-stock-act-disclosure"},{"claim":"Late-reported holdings included Microsoft, JPMorgan Chase, CVS and a Pfizer bond, all traded by husband Thomas Daffron.","sourceUrl":"https://americanjournalnews.com/susan-collins-failed-to-report-up-to-395000-in-stock-trades/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reliable sourced figure isolating net-worth growth beyond salary and market returns over tenure was located; pre-office wealth is not scored. Insufficient data to assess abnormal enrichment.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":50,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As Appropriations chair, Collins draws concentrated contributions from healthcare, finance, and defense sectors with direct business before her committee. A reported instance shows her assisting a defense contractor before a related super PAC donation; no quid-pro-quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Collins' top donor industries are healthcare, finance, and defense, all with major stakes before the Appropriations Committee she chairs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/susan-collins/industries?cid=N00000491&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Reporting noted Collins helped a defense contractor before a pro-Collins PAC received a related donation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.axios.com/susan-collins-pac-filing-d46c911f-112b-4e59-a231-8e59dc56dcc7.html"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No documented personal-use spending of campaign funds. A pro-Collins super PAC (1820 PAC) faced an FEC complaint over an alleged $150,000 shell-company donation, but this concerns outside-group conduct, not personal enrichment by Collins; no fine was confirmed.","evidence":[{"claim":"Campaign Legal Center filed an FEC complaint alleging a $150,000 dark-money donation routed through a shell LLC to the pro-Collins 1820 PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.salon.com/2020/02/04/fec-complaint-mysterious-hawaii-company-illegally-funneled-150k-to-pro-susan-collins-super-pac/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Collins' husband Thomas Daffron is a former lobbyist whose firm (Jefferson Consulting Group) won ~$60M in government contracts 2006-2016, and he has worked for the lobbyist running her re-election super PAC. Direct family-lobbying nexus tied to her office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Husband Thomas Daffron's lobbying firm received nearly $60 million in government contracts from 2006-2016.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Collins"},{"claim":"Daffron worked for the lobbyist leading the primary super PAC supporting Collins' re-election.","sourceUrl":"https://zeteo.com/p/susan-collins-husband-lobbyist-pine-tree-results"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Collins missed 0 of 10,022 lifetime roll-call votes (0.0%), far better than the 2.8% Senate median. No evidence of neglecting duties for fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Collins missed 0 of 10,022 roll-call votes (0.0%) from 1997 to June 2026, better than the 2.8% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/susan_collins/300025"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001047","name":"Shelley Moore Capito","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"WV","score":36,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Shelley Moore Capito and her family are active individual-stock traders, with hundreds of disclosed transactions (estimated multi-million-dollar volume) concentrated in financial and technology blue-chips. A 2022 New York Times investigation flagged 26 of her ~76 reported holdings as potential conflicts given her committee seats, and her husband is a retired financial-industry executive (Wells Fargo Advisors, formerly Citigroup/Smith Barney), heightening committee-sector overlap with banking and energy panels she has served on or chairs (EPW). No FEC personal-use findings, no documented family lobbying tied to her office, and her 3.0% missed-vote rate is near the Senate median. The most substantive accountability concerns center on stock-trading conflicts; other categories show little or no documented self-dealing.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":68,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"High-volume individual-stock trading by Capito and family (hundreds of disclosed trades, estimated $1M-$9M+ volume, 2017-2025), heavily in finance and tech. A 2022 NYT investigation identified 26 of ~76 reported holdings as potential committee conflicts (e.g., Carrier, Verizon). Earlier (2008) House Financial Services Committee-era Citigroup call-option trades during the TARP bailout window drew insider-trading criticism. Spouse was a financial-industry executive, deepening sector overlap.","evidence":[{"claim":"NYT found Capito and family traded stocks of companies overseen by her committees; 26 of 76 reported as potential conflicts (Carrier, Verizon).","sourceUrl":"https://mountaineerjournal.com/2026/03/23/report-capito-family-traded-stocks-linked-to-her-senate-committees/"},{"claim":"Capito reported Citigroup call-option trades in Nov. 2008 while on House Financial Services Committee, days before the Citigroup TARP bailout.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wvgazettemail.com/opinion/howard-swint-details-of-capitos-great-recession-stock-trades-unethical-at-best/article_2dcc7534-3c1c-5e5c-860f-b4bde171642c.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated net worth around $2.1M (2018); 2023 disclosure ranges $2.65M-$7.83M; Quiver estimates ~$4.7M (2025). Growth is plausible from market gains and her financier husband's income rather than clearly traceable to office; disclosure ranges are too wide to establish enrichment beyond salary+market with confidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Capito's net worth at ~$2.15M in 2018; 2023 disclosure spans $2.65M-$7.83M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/shelley-capito/net-worth?cid=N00009771&year=2018"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimates Capito's net worth at ~$4.7M as of Sept 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Shelley%20Moore%20Capito-C001047/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Capito chairs the Environment and Public Works Committee and is a long-standing coal/energy advocate; energy and securities/finance are major GOP-aligned donor industries and recurring contributors to her. Her votes and bills consistently favor coal, fossil energy, and deregulation, aligning with donor interests, but no quid pro quo is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Capito chairs EPW and advocates coal/energy interests, founding the Congressional Coal Caucus.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capito.senate.gov/about/issues/energy-and-environment"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Capito's industry contributors, with energy and finance among top sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/shelley-moore-capito/contributors?cid=N00009771&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented findings of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Capito. General reporting on weak FEC leadership-PAC enforcement exists but contains no allegation specific to her.","evidence":[{"claim":"No personal-use allegation against Capito found; FEC campaign-finance filings show no such finding.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4WV00159/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying or federal contracts tied to her office. Her husband, Charles Capito, was a financial-industry executive (Wells Fargo Advisors, formerly Citigroup/Smith Barney), and son Moore Capito is a WV state legislator who held her former seat; these are dynastic/financial ties rather than clear revolving-door self-dealing. No staff-to-lobbyist pipeline documented here.","evidence":[{"claim":"Husband Charles Capito was a managing director at Wells Fargo Advisors (formerly Citigroup's Smith Barney); son Moore Capito holds elected WV office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Moore_Capito"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Capito missed 127 of 4,289 roll-call votes (3.0%) over her career, near the Senate median of 2.8% - low absenteeism. She fundraises actively (e.g., a reported ~$970K quarter), but there is no evidence that fundraising or paid speeches displaced her legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Capito missed 3.0% of roll-call votes, on par with the Senate median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/shelley_capito/400061"},{"claim":"Capito disclosed roughly $970K of new fundraising in a recent period.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Fundraising+Update:+Senator+Shelley+Moore+Capito+just+disclosed+$970.0K+of+new+fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001069","name":"Joe Courtney","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CT","score":36,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Joe Courtney (D-CT2), in office since 2007, is a senior House Armed Services member and longtime chair/ranking member of the Seapower and Projection Forces Subcommittee, representing a district home to General Dynamics' Electric Boat submarine yard. His most notable accountability signal is heavy defense-industry campaign money concentration paired with consistent pro-shipbuilding advocacy — a correlation expected for a district with a major defense employer, not proof of corruption. He is an active individual-stock trader (roughly 81-108 disclosed transactions, 2019-2022, est. $95k-$1.8M volume), though the named holdings are consumer/financial stocks rather than defense, limiting direct committee-sector overlap. No public records surfaced of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying tied to his office, or notable absenteeism (1.2% missed votes, better than median), and his net worth is modest by House standards.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Active individual-stock trader: ~81-108 disclosed transactions Dec 2019-Apr 2022, estimated $95k-$1.8M volume, across ~8 tickers including Apple, Citigroup, Chubb, Keurig Dr Pepper, NextEra Energy. Named holdings are consumer/financial, not defense — so limited direct overlap with his Armed Services/Seapower jurisdiction. No reporting found of suspicious timing, market-beating returns, or late filings. Score reflects meaningful volume/breadth of trading rather than any documented conflict.","evidence":[{"claim":"81 disclosed transactions Dec 2019-Apr 2022, $95k-$1.3M, incl Apple, Citigroup, Chubb, Keurig Dr Pepper, NextEra Energy.","sourceUrl":"https://theinsiderslab.com/en/members/joe-courtney"},{"claim":"STOCK Act requires disclosure of trades over $1,000 within 45 days; members may trade individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STOCK_Act"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$987,022 in 2018 (ranked 174th in House), modest by chamber standards. No time-series data found isolating tenure growth beyond salary and market returns, and no reporting of anomalous enrichment. No basis to score; absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth $987,022 in 2018, ranked 174th in the House.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/joe-courtney/net-worth?cid=N00024842"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":52,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. General Dynamics is Courtney's top career donor ($72k PAC + ~$165k from employees; plus $47k to his leadership PAC since 2009) — no House member got more from GD PAC/employees in the cited cycle. As Seapower Subcommittee chair he marked up the NDAA to restore Arleigh Burke destroyer purchases (built by GD Bath) after Biden's 2022 budget proposed cuts. District hosts GD's Electric Boat, a top CT employer, so alignment is expected for the constituency; elevated for concentration plus aligned votes, but no quid-pro-quo evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"GD is top career donor ($72k PAC + $165k employees; $47k to leadership PAC); Courtney's subcommittee restored GD-built destroyer funding after proposed cuts.","sourceUrl":"https://thebrick.house/committee-asking-for-more-war-ships-is-led-by-a-general-dynamics-funded-rep/"},{"claim":"Electric Boat (GD submarine division) and Misc Defense among top contributors; district hosts the yard.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/joe-courtney/summary?cid=N00024842"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records, FEC findings, or reporting of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit were found. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record available; no personal-use violations surfaced in searches.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2CT02112/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying or contracts tied to his office. A normal staff-to-private-sector flow exists (e.g., former staff later in legislative/lobbying roles), but no specific staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to his official actions was substantiated. No basis to score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Staff directory and bios available; no family-lobbying or office-tied contracts found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/832/name/Joe_Courtney.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 158 of 12,653 roll call votes (1.2%) from 2007 to June 2026, better than the 2.1% median for currently serving members. No reporting of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Low score reflects a clean attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 158 of 12,653 roll call votes (1.2%), better than median 2.1%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/joe_courtney/412193"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001319","name":"Katie Boyd Britt","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"AL","score":36,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Sen. Katie Britt (R-AL), in office since 2023, has a documented STOCK Act compliance problem: she disclosed 22 of her husband Wesley Britt's individual-stock trades (roughly $22,000-$330,000 in 2025 transactions) months late, including holdings in JPMorgan while she sits on the Senate Banking Committee, though her office attributes the trades to a broker-managed retirement account made without his knowledge. The most distinctive accountability dimension is the revolving-door/family-lobbying overlap: her husband is a registered Alabama state lobbyist at Fine, Geddie & Associates, and Britt herself came from a government-affairs background. No public reporting indicates misuse of campaign funds, and her missed-vote rate (about 3.4%) is roughly average. Most signals are correlation-based or compliance-related rather than proven self-dealing.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":48,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosed 22 of spouse Wesley Britt's individual-stock trades (approx. $22,022-$330,000) for April-Nov 2025 months late, violating the STOCK Act (16 over six months past the 45-day deadline). Holdings included JPMorgan and UnitedHealth while she serves on the Senate Banking Committee, creating committee-sector overlap. Trades were in a broker-managed retirement account; office says they occurred without the couple's knowledge, no alleged insider timing, and profits on at least one were donated to charity. Elevated for volume, late disclosure, and sector overlap; not maxed absent evidence of directed or market-beating trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Britt disclosed 22 of her husband's stock trades (Amazon, Alphabet, Apple, ExxonMobil, Microsoft, Nvidia, UnitedHealth, Visa, Walmart, UPS, JPMorgan) months late, violating the STOCK Act; she sits on Senate Banking.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/money/katie-britt-stock-act-violation"},{"claim":"Britt disclosed husband's banking-stock trade months late and donated profits to charity.","sourceUrl":"https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/katie-britt-discloses-husband-banking-230553143.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth is in the low-single-digit millions, with much of the asset base (Apple stock, Alabama real estate/land, rental property, husband's NFL and lobbying income) reflecting pre-office or spousal wealth, which the rubric excludes. No sourced analysis isolates net-worth growth beyond salary and market returns during her short (since 2023) tenure, so no penalty is assessed.","evidence":[{"claim":"Britt's disclosed assets include Apple stock ($500k-$1M), multiple Alabama land/real-estate holdings, and rental property; net worth estimated roughly $1M-$5M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/katie-britt/net-worth?cid=N00048812"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Britt chairs a Senate Banking subcommittee and serves on Appropriations and Banking, and has publicly challenged the CFPB funding structure, positions aligned with the finance/banking sector that contributes to her. The strength of any donor-vote alignment is not firmly quantified. Score reflects plausible sector alignment with banking interests; not higher given lack of confirmed donor concentration data.","evidence":[{"claim":"Britt chairs the Banking subcommittee on Housing, Transportation, and Community Development and serves on Appropriations and Banking.","sourceUrl":"https://www.britt.senate.gov/about/senator-britts-committee-assignments/"},{"claim":"Britt publicly questioned the legality of the CFPB funding structure, a position aligned with banking-industry interests.","sourceUrl":"https://www.britt.senate.gov/news/press-releases/u-s-senator-katie-britt-questions-legality-of-current-cfpb-funding-structure/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting or FEC/OpenSecrets findings identified alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC (Alabama First PAC) funds. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC overview of Britt's principal campaign committee (Britt for Alabama Inc.); no personal-use findings located in public records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00781443/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":42,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Notable family-lobbying overlap: husband Wesley Britt is a registered Alabama state lobbyist who joined the influential firm Fine, Geddie & Associates in November 2022, shortly after Britt's Senate election; he previously lobbied for Alabama Power. Britt herself came from a government-affairs/lobbying-adjacent background (Butler Snow government affairs branch, Business Council of Alabama CEO, Shelby chief of staff). The lobbying is state-level (not federal/tied directly to her office), and no specific contract or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to official acts was documented, limiting the score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Wesley Britt, husband of Sen. Katie Britt, joined lobbying firm Fine, Geddie & Associates in Montgomery in November 2022.","sourceUrl":"https://www.alreporter.com/2022/11/30/wesley-britt-husband-to-katie-britt-joins-fine-geddie-associates/"},{"claim":"Britt's pre-Senate career spanned government affairs (Butler Snow), Business Council of Alabama CEO, and chief of staff to Sen. Shelby.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katie_Britt"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Britt missed about 52 of 1,510 roll-call votes (roughly 3.4%) from Feb 2023 to June 2026, modestly above the median (about 2.8%) for currently serving senators but not an outlier. No public reporting ties absences to paid speeches or fundraising. Low score reflects an essentially routine attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Britt missed 52 of 1,510 roll-call votes (3.4%) from Feb 2023 to June 2026, slightly above the senatorial median of 2.8%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/katie_britt/456874"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001104","name":"Jon Husted","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"OH","score":36,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Jon Husted (R-OH) was appointed to the U.S. Senate in January 2025 to fill JD Vance's seat and is running in the 2026 special election. He and his spouse hold individual stocks (including up to $15,000 of Intel held by his wife, a company he helped recruit to Ohio as lieutenant governor), and he has declined to support a congressional stock-trading ban, drawing conflict-of-interest criticism; reported in-office trading volume appears modest. His record carries notable accountability flags predating and overlapping his Senate tenure: a paid Heartland Bank board seat taken while still lieutenant governor (with a roughly $27,000 payout on resignation), longstanding ties to Ohio's $60M FirstEnergy/HB6 bribery scandal (he has testified but not been charged), and a 2026 Senate ethics complaint over a senior aide who kept consulting for a Columbus lobbying firm. By contrast, his vote-attendance record is essentially perfect (0 missed of ~832 votes), and no evidence of campaign-fund personal use surfaced. Most adverse items are correlation or appearance-based rather than proven self-dealing, and much partisan sourcing (Ohio Democratic Party) should be weighed against the underlying primary records (FEC, financial disclosures, court testimony, NOTUS/Ohio Capital Journal reporting).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Husted and his spouse hold individual stocks; STOCK Act filings show modest reported trade volume (cited up to ~$15K range). His wife holds up to $15,000 in Intel, a chipmaker Husted helped recruit to Ohio as lieutenant governor, and he met with Intel about its Ohio project while in office (appearance of access). He declined to back a congressional stock-trading ban. No evidence of large-volume trading, documented suspicious timing, or market-beating returns; the Heartland Bank ~$60K stock event stems from a board-merger payout, not active congressional trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Husted/spouse hold individual stocks incl. up to $15K Intel; he met with Intel on its Ohio project and declined to support a stock-trading ban.","sourceUrl":"https://ohiodems.org/new-reporting-jon-husted-opposes-stock-trading-ban-while-actively-trading-stocks-in-office/"},{"claim":"STOCK Act filings show modest reported trade volume for Husted (tracked on Quiver Quantitative).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Fundraising+Update:+Senator+Jon+Husted+just+disclosed+$1.1M+of+new+fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reliable public analysis of Husted's net-worth growth during his ~17-month Senate tenure (since Jan 2025) beyond salary/market was found. Pre-office wealth and his prior Heartland board income are not scored here. Insufficient data to assess in-office enrichment.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Husted's Senate campaign relies heavily on large individual gifts and PACs (PACs ~52% of funds; only ~584 unique itemized donors), with top corporate PAC givers including GE Aerospace, General Dynamics, Centene, CSX, and NADA ($10K each). Separately, he has longstanding ties to the FirstEnergy/HB6 $60M bribery scandal: $3.5M+ in dark money (incl. a secret $1M FirstEnergy contribution) backed his 2018 ticket, and his calendar/court testimony show contacts with figures accused in the scheme around HB6's drafting. He has not been charged. These show concentrated industry money and aligned access, not proven vote-for-cash.","evidence":[{"claim":"PACs ~52% of funds; top PAC contributors GE Aerospace, General Dynamics, Centene, CSX, NADA at $10K each; narrow donor base.","sourceUrl":"https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/02/04/democrat-sherrod-brown-leads-ohio-republican-u-s-sen-jon-husted-in-quarterly-fundraising/"},{"claim":"Husted met FirstEnergy/HB6 figures around the bill's introduction; dark money incl. secret $1M backed his 2018 ticket; testified, not charged.","sourceUrl":"https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/02/19/sen-husted-met-with-man-accused-of-bribery-2-days-before-hb-6-was-introduced-according-to-schedule/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting or FEC findings of Husted using campaign or leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit were found. Absent evidence, not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"A May 2026 Senate Ethics complaint targets Husted and senior adviser/counsel Sean Dunn, who collected $22,652 in consulting fees from Statehouse Impact Group LLC, a Columbus lobbying firm Dunn founded and renamed days before joining Husted's office in March 2025 — i.e., a senior aide maintained a paid lobbying-firm relationship while serving the senator. Ethics watchdogs (Revolving Door Project) called the arrangement unethical. Dunn previously lobbied on utilities/opioids with clients tied to the FirstEnergy scandal. No documented family-member lobbying tied to his office was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Senior adviser Sean Dunn collected $22,652 from a Columbus lobbying firm he founded while serving Husted; ethics complaint filed.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/ohio/jon-husted-sean-dunn-lobbying-firm"},{"claim":"Ethics complaint to Senate Select Committee on Ethics over Dunn's dual lobbying-firm role.","sourceUrl":"https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/06/18/top-jon-husted-senate-aide-kept-working-for-ohio-lobbying-firm/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Husted has a near-perfect attendance record: GovTrack shows 0 of ~832 roll-call votes missed (0.0%) from Jan 2025 to June 2026, among only a few senators with perfect 2025 attendance. He fundraises heavily (~$1.1M in Q4 2025; ~$2.6M+ cash on hand) for the 2026 special election, but heavy fundraising alongside full vote attendance indicates no job-vs-fundraising tradeoff. Score reflects only routine campaign intensity, not neglected duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Husted missed 0 of 832 roll-call votes (0.0%), Jan 2025–Jun 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jon_husted/457032"},{"claim":"Disclosed $1.1M Q4 2025 fundraising; ~$6M cash on hand reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Fundraising+Update:+Senator+Jon+Husted+just+disclosed+$1.1M+of+new+fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001184","name":"Tim Scott","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"SC","score":35,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Tim Scott (R-SC), now Chair of the Senate Banking Committee, presents a mixed accountability profile. His most documented issue is stock-trading transparency: roughly a dozen individual stocks (including Boeing, Apple, Palantir, defense and tech names) appeared on his 2022 financial disclosure without corresponding STOCK Act transaction reports, which watchdogs flagged as an apparent disclosure violation; his campaign asserted compliance but gave no specifics. His career fundraising is heavily concentrated in the finance/insurance/real estate sector (about $9.7M), which correlates with—but does not prove influence over—his pro-industry agenda chairing the Banking Committee (crypto/GENIUS Act, CFPB rollbacks). He missed roughly 110 Senate votes during his 2023 presidential run, a level typical of sitting senators seeking the presidency. No significant evidence surfaced of campaign-fund personal use, net-worth enrichment beyond normal ranges, or family/revolving-door self-dealing in public records reviewed.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Roughly 11-12 individual stocks (Apple, Boeing, Palantir, Alphabet, Exxon, Citigroup, airlines, etc.) appeared on Scott's 2022 disclosure absent from 2021, with no STOCK Act transaction reports documenting the purchases. Boeing/Palantir holdings overlap with his Foreign Relations Committee role over arms sales; watchdogs called the non-disclosure an apparent STOCK Act violation. Holdings mostly $1,001-$15,000; Boeing $15,001-$50,000. No evidence of high-volume active trading or proven market-beating timing — issue is disclosure compliance and sector overlap rather than aggressive trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Nearly a dozen stocks appeared on Scott's 2022 disclosure never reported as purchases under the STOCK Act; Boeing/Palantir holdings flagged for conflict with his Foreign Relations Committee arms-sale role.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2023/09/05/tim-scott-never-disclosed-buying-stocks-he-recently-said-he-owned/"},{"claim":"MarketBeat/Quiver track Scott's congressional stock holdings and trade activity.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Tim%20Scott-S001184"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Disclosure-based net-worth estimates vary widely and are unreliable (ranges from roughly -$472K to ~$858K in one 2023 analysis; outside estimates differ by orders of magnitude). No credible evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary, book income, and market returns over his tenure. Pre-office business wealth (Allstate agencies, real estate) is not scored. No anomalous enrichment documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 disclosure implies a net worth roughly between -$471,975 and $857,994; estimates vary widely due to range-based reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Tim%20Scott-S001184/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Scott's career receipts are heavily concentrated in finance/insurance/real estate (~$9.67M career: securities & investment ~$3.19M, real estate ~$2.38M, insurance ~$1.91M, commercial banks ~$729K). As Banking Committee Chair he advanced industry-aligned priorities — the GENIUS Act crypto/stablecoin framework and rollbacks of CFPB rules (e.g., overdraft-cap repeal). High donor concentration aligns with pro-industry agenda, but this reflects an ideologically consistent pro-finance record and committee jurisdiction; no quid-pro-quo evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Finance/insurance/real estate sector gave Scott ~$9.67M career, including ~$3.19M securities & investment and ~$729K commercial banks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/tim-scott/industries?cid=N00031782&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"As Banking chair Scott championed the GENIUS Act and pushed CFPB deregulation including overturning the overdraft cap.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/senate-passes-landmark-crypto-legislation-banking-chairman-touts-historic-day"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No documented personal-use violations. Reporting noted his 2024 presidential campaign spent heavily (~$32K on meals/travel over weeks, ~$18K/month on consultants) and routed some advertising/travel spending through two LLCs (Meeting Street Services; Advanced Planning and Logistics), reducing transparency — but heavy/opaque spending is not personal use. No FEC findings or watchdog allegations of converting funds to personal benefit surfaced.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scott's campaign funneled spending through two LLCs, obscuring detail; spent ~$32K on meals and ~$18K/month on consultants.","sourceUrl":"https://www.axios.com/2023/10/22/tim-scott-campaign-spending-presidential-campaign"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public-record evidence found of family members lobbying or holding office-tied contracts, nor of a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline specific to Scott. Standard databases (OpenSecrets, LegiStorm) track such data but searches surfaced no specific findings. Per rules, absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets/LegiStorm maintain lobbying and staff records for Scott; no specific family-lobbying or revolving-door findings surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/2792/name/Tim_Scott.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Scott missed roughly 110 Senate votes between April and December 2023 while running for president (May-Nov 2023), and GovTrack ranked him among the most absent senators serving 10+ years in 2024. This level is typical for sitting senators seeking the presidency (Rubio, Obama, Clinton missed far higher shares), and his attendance outside that campaign window has been unremarkable. Heavy concurrent fundraising occurred ($6M in Q2 2023). Score reflects the temporary campaign-period absences.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scott missed about 110 Senate votes April-December 2023 during his presidential run; GovTrack flagged him among the most absent veteran senators in 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Scott"},{"claim":"Scott raised about $6M for his presidential campaign in Q2 2023.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/07/12/tim-scott-fundraising/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H000601","name":"Bill Hagerty","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"TN","score":35,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Bill Hagerty (R-TN), a former private-equity executive and U.S. ambassador to Japan, entered the Senate in 2021 already very wealthy (estimated $13.9M-$78M range; ~$54M per one aggregator). He does trade individual stocks: his office disclosed a Signature Bank sale from his dependent children's trusts (Dec 2021) roughly seven months late, a STOCK Act violation his office blamed on a \"clerical error\" by the family's investment firm. He sits on the Senate Banking Committee, and a Feb 2026 CNN analysis named him among senators owning stock in industries their committees regulate, raising conflict-of-interest perception (correlation, not proof of misconduct). His Senate missed-vote rate (~5.7%) runs above the chamber median. No public records were found of campaign/PAC personal-use abuse or family-lobbying/revolving-door arrangements tied to his office; those components score as insufficient data rather than as findings.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":42,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Hagerty holds and trades individual stocks (including a Signature Bank sale from his children's trusts, $45K-$150K, Dec 2021). The sale was disclosed ~7 months late, a STOCK Act violation his office attributed to the family's investment firm. CNN (Feb 2026) named him among senators owning stock in sectors their committees regulate; he sits on Banking, which oversees banks like Signature (which later failed March 2023). Trades are legal and he denies personal control of the portfolio; elevated for committee-sector overlap plus a disclosure violation, but exact volume/returns not fully quantified.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hagerty disclosed a Signature Bank sale from his children's trusts ~7 months late, a STOCK Act violation; office cited a clerical error by the family's investment firm.","sourceUrl":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/republican-sen-bill-hagerty-violated-215455566.html"},{"claim":"CNN analysis (Feb 2026) named Hagerty among senators owning stock in industries their committees regulate.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/09/politics/senator-stock-trading-congress"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Hagerty entered the Senate already wealthy from a private-equity career (Hagerty Peterson) and prior ambassadorship; pre-office wealth is not scored. Aggregators estimate ~$54M with a wide disclosed range ($13.9M-$78M). No source isolates net-worth growth during tenure beyond salary/market returns, so no abnormal in-office enrichment can be substantiated. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hagerty's net worth is estimated around $54.5M (range $13.9M-$77.9M from disclosure forms); wealth predates Senate from his private-equity career.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Bill%20Hagerty-H000601/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As a Senate Banking Committee member and active sponsor of crypto/financial-market-structure legislation, Hagerty's policy portfolio aligns with finance-sector interests, and finance is among his donor industries per OpenSecrets. No specific donation-to-vote quid pro quo is documented; this reflects routine industry-aligned positioning common to Banking members, not evidence of corruption.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hagerty serves on Senate Banking and is advancing a crypto market-structure bill through the committee, aligning policy with financial-sector interests.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/09/politics/senator-stock-trading-congress"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Hagerty's donor industries and contributions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/industries?cid=N00045369&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of Hagerty using campaign committee or leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit, and no FEC enforcement action on this point was identified. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hagerty's campaign finance records are tracked by OpenSecrets; no personal-use findings surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/bill-hagerty/summary?cid=N00045369"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying tied to his office or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was found. Hagerty co-founded the private-equity firm Hagerty Peterson before office, but that is pre-Senate business activity, not a revolving-door arrangement leveraging his current office. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hagerty co-founded private-equity firm Hagerty Peterson before entering government; no current family-lobbying or staff-revolving-door records identified.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Hagerty"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"GovTrack records Hagerty missing 140 of 2,458 roll-call votes (5.7%) from Jan 2021-June 2026, above the ~2.8% median for currently serving senators. GovTrack does not attribute reasons, and no evidence links the absences specifically to fundraising or paid speeches, so the elevated rate is the only substantiated signal.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hagerty missed 140 of 2,458 votes (5.7%), worse than the 2.8% median for serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/bill_hagerty/456798"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001236","name":"Tim Moore","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"NC","score":35,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Tim Moore, a Republican and former North Carolina House Speaker, has represented NC-14 since January 2025 and sits on Financial Services and Budget. He is one of the most active traders in the House: 237 self-owned trades worth roughly $8.7M-$21.5M in about 20 months, with one batch of 23 April 2025 trades filed after the 45-day deadline, which he says was within a grace period. He entered Congress with substantial wealth from his law practice and real estate. About 45% of his 2026 PAC money came from financial-sector PACs. Earlier state-level ethics complaints were dismissed or unresolved. He rarely misses votes.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":72,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"In his first 20 months in Congress Moore filed 21 periodic transaction reports listing 237 trades in his own name, worth roughly $8.7M-$21.5M by disclosed ranges, including repeated $50K-$500K trades in Harley-Davidson, Ford, American Airlines and leveraged ETFs. One June 13, 2025 report disclosed 23 April 2025 trades made around the tariff announcement 6-28 days after the 45-day deadline; Moore said they fell within the Ethics Committee's 30-day grace period and drew no fee. He sits on Financial Services, including its digital-assets subcommittee, and traded Coinbase, a MicroStrategy option-income ETF and BlackRock; most volume is in autos, airlines, health insurers and index products outside that jurisdiction.","evidence":[{"claim":"June 13, 2025 report lists American Airlines purchases on April 1, 2 and 4, 2025, notified May 5, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030522.pdf"},{"claim":"Fortune reported Moore disclosed about a dozen April 2025 trades in American Airlines, Ford and Harley-Davidson after the STOCK Act deadline; Moore said they were 'within the 30-day grace period for technical delays' and incurred no late fee.","sourceUrl":"https://fortune.com/2025/06/16/tim-moore-stock-trades-liberation-day-disclosure"},{"claim":"Sept 2025 report lists Intel purchases on Aug 1, 8 and 11, 2025 and an Intel sale of $100,001-$250,000 on Aug 13, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20031020.pdf"},{"claim":"Oct 2025 report lists a Coinbase Global purchase of $15,001+ on Sept 11, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20032256.pdf"},{"claim":"Fortune identifies Moore as vice chairman of the House Financial Services Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations.","sourceUrl":"https://fortune.com/2025/06/16/tim-moore-stock-trades-liberation-day-disclosure"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Moore arrived wealthy: his Jan 2024 candidate report showed a law practice worth $500,001-$1M, prior-year legal fees of $590,680, rental real estate and bank and brokerage cash in the $1M-$2.5M range. His 2025 annual report shows larger cash balances (two accounts at $1M-$5M each) plus leveraged ETF and private holdings, consistent with active trading gains on a large base. The ranges are too wide to isolate growth from office. A 2018 state ethics complaint alleging he used his speakership to profit on a Siler City property sale was dismissed.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 candidate report (filed Jan 31, 2024): Tim Moore, Attorney at Law, P.A. valued $500,001-$1,000,000; legal services income $590,680 preceding year; Alliance Bank and Ameritrade cash accounts each $500,001-$1,000,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2023/10056570.pdf"},{"claim":"2025 annual report: Schwab One bank balance and Wells Fargo money market each $1,000,001-$5,000,000; Direxion Small Cap Bear 3X shares $250,001-$500,000; no liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075481.pdf"},{"claim":"Campaign for Accountability alleged (March 2018) Moore's company bought a Siler City plant for $85,000 and sold it for $550,000 while he pressed state regulators for extensions; these were allegations.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignforaccountability.org/watchdog-files-ethics-complaint-against-house-speaker-tim-moore-for-abusing-his-position-for-personal-financial-gain/"},{"claim":"Carolina Journal: the complaint was dismissed (notice filed Dec 28, 2018); the inquiry panel concluded his legislative position played no role in the cleanup extensions.","sourceUrl":"https://carolinajournal.com/?p=34651"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. FEC bulk data show about $501K in PAC contributions to Moore in the 2026 cycle; roughly 45% came from banking, insurance, investment, real-estate and accounting PACs (American Bankers Association, Citigroup, Bank of America, Morgan Stanley, UBS, Truist, Realtors) by Greederboard's keyword classification. He sits on Financial Services, which oversees those industries. That is concentrated industry money plus jurisdiction overlap, with no documented donor-to-action link.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee-to-candidate file (2025-26): ~$501K from 170 committees to H4NC14015; ~45% from finance, insurance, real-estate and accounting PACs by keyword classification, including BankPAC, Citi PAC, Bank of America, Morgan Stanley and UBS.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2026/pas226.zip"},{"claim":"FEC candidate page: Friends of Tim Moore reported $1,538,952 in 2025-26 receipts through June 30, 2026, including $435,700 from other committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4NC14015/?cycle=2026"},{"claim":"Fortune identifies Moore as vice chairman of Financial Services' Oversight and Investigations subcommittee.","sourceUrl":"https://fortune.com/2025/06/16/tim-moore-stock-trades-liberation-day-disclosure"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Nothing on his federal committee was found. At the state level, Campaign for Accountability asked the NC elections board in Sept 2023 to rule on at least $69,300 his state campaign paid in rent to his own law firm for space it said the practice mainly used; no ruling was found. A 2015 state audit had his campaign amend five years of reports to itemize credit-card spending. These are pre-Congress, unresolved or administrative matters.","evidence":[{"claim":"CfA (Sept 18, 2023): Friends of Tim Moore appears to have paid at least $69,300 in rent to 'Tim Moore Attorney at Law' from July 2019 to June 2023; CfA requested an advisory opinion.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignforaccountability.org/cfa-requests-nc-state-board-of-elections-issue-advisory-opinion-on-speaker-tim-moore-campaign-payouts/"},{"claim":"WBTV (Nov 2015): a state audit found Moore's campaign failed to itemize tens of thousands of dollars in credit-card payments; reports were amended.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wbtv.com/story/30455699/nc-house-speaker-tim-moore-amends-five-years-of-campaign-reports-after-state-audit/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying, office-linked contracts or staff pipeline was found for Moore's congressional office. Not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report lists his outside positions as Speaker of the NC House and Cleveland County attorney, with income only from his law practice and a state pension.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075481.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview records show 672 votes cast and 2 missed in the 119th Congress, a 0.3% missed-vote rate.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th House roll-call data: Moore cast 672 votes and missed 2 (0.3%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001080","name":"Judy Chu","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":34,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Judy Chu (D-CA28) sits on the powerful Ways and Means Committee, including its Health Subcommittee. Her most notable accountability concern is individual stock trading: trackers parse roughly $11M in lifetime STOCK Act trades, and a 2025 disclosure shows a $100K-$250K buy and sell of Astrana Health (ASTH), a healthcare stock that directly overlaps her Health Subcommittee jurisdiction, raising sector-conflict and timing questions (correlation, not proof of wrongdoing). Her career donor base is led by health professionals, aligning with her committee role, though no specific quid-pro-quo is documented. She received a 2014 House Ethics letter of reproval for campaign use of House staff and obstructing the inquiry, but no campaign-funds-for-personal-use, revolving-door, or attendance problems are evident (2.3% missed votes, near the chamber median).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":48,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Active individual-stock trader; trackers parse ~$11M in lifetime STOCK Act trades across multiple companies. A 2025 disclosure shows a $100K-$250K buy AND sell of Astrana Health (ASTH), a healthcare-sector stock directly overlapping her Ways and Means Health Subcommittee jurisdiction. Sector-committee overlap and trading in a jurisdiction-relevant healthcare name elevate the score; not flagged as blind-trust or fully spouse-managed.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 buy and sell of $100K-$250K each in Astrana Health (ASTH), a healthcare stock; ~$11M lifetime trades parsed from STOCK Act filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/judy-chu/"},{"claim":"Quiver parses up to $11.6M of trades from Chu's STOCK Act filings; ~$7.2M in trackable publicly traded assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Judy%20Chu-C001080"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth grew from ~$7.1M (2018) to ~$15.3M (2026 tracker estimate), roughly doubling. Much of the gain plausibly reflects market appreciation of an already-substantial portfolio rather than salary-anomalous enrichment, and pre-2018 wealth is not scored. Estimates are tracker-derived from disclosure ranges and may be imprecise; some growth above pure salary/market is suggested but not cleanly isolated.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth estimated ~$15.3M (May 2026); 2018 estimate was ~$7.09M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Judy%20Chu-C001080/net-worth"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets 2018 estimated net worth ~$7,090,031.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/judy-chu/net-worth?cid=N00030600&year=2018"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Health Professionals are her top career industry donor (~$996K), aligning with her seat on the Ways and Means Health Subcommittee, which has jurisdiction over Medicare and healthcare reform. The concentration of health-sector money plus committee jurisdiction creates an apparent alignment, but no specific vote or bill traded for contributions is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top career industry donor is Health Professionals (~$996,207).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/judy-chu/industries?cid=N00030600&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"Chu serves on Ways and Means Health Subcommittee with healthcare/Medicare jurisdiction.","sourceUrl":"https://chu.house.gov/about/committees-and-caucuses"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented FEC personal-use violations. A 2014 House Ethics letter of reproval concerned campaign use of House staff and obstruction of the inquiry, not conversion of campaign funds to personal benefit, so it does not score under this component.","evidence":[{"claim":"2014 letter of reproval was for using House staff for campaign work and obstructing the investigation; no personal-use-of-funds finding.","sourceUrl":"https://ballotpedia.org/Judy_Chu"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family lobbying tied to her office or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Husband Mike Eng is an attorney and former elected official (Monterey Park Council, CA Assembly), not a registered federal lobbyist; no family contracts tied to her office found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Mike Eng is an immigration attorney and former CA Assembly member; no lobbying role documented.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Eng"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 236 of 10,229 roll-call votes (2.3%) from 2009-2026, near the chamber median (~2.1%). No evidence of heavy paid-speech activity or fundraising-driven absences.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 2.3% of roll-call votes 2009-2026, on par with the ~2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/judy_chu/412379"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001098","name":"Ted Cruz","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"TX","score":34,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Ted Cruz's household trades individual securities, primarily through his wife Heidi Cruz, a Goldman Sachs managing director; disclosed STOCK Act activity includes large spouse-owned Goldman Sachs sales (e.g., a $100K-$250K sale in November 2025 at record highs and a ~$375K April 2024 sale) and a 2022 personal Bitcoin purchase of $15K-$50K disclosed shortly after he publicly promoted crypto, though trade frequency is low. Cruz entered the Senate already wealthy (about $2.3M net worth in 2013), and much subsequent household wealth derives from his wife's Goldman Sachs income rather than measurable office-linked enrichment. His campaigns and aligned committees draw heavily from oil and gas (over $900K in 2024) and from the crypto industry (a Bitcoin-focused PAC contributed $350K in 2024), industries on which he has taken consistently favorable legislative positions and which his Commerce Committee chairmanship touches; this is correlation, not proof of quid pro quo. The Campaign Legal Center alleged his iHeartMedia podcast deal improperly funneled money to a supportive PAC, but the FEC dismissed the complaint in early 2025, finding no evidence Cruz directed or received those funds. His Senate attendance has historically dipped during presidential campaigns but is otherwise near the chamber norm. No sourced evidence was found of family lobbying tied to his office or significant personal-benefit spending from campaign funds.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Household trades individual securities, dominated by large spouse-owned Goldman Sachs positions and sales, plus a personal Bitcoin buy disclosed just after Cruz publicly promoted crypto. Trade frequency is low, but Heidi Cruz is a Goldman Sachs MD (a conflict-relevant financial-sector tie) and one sale landed near GS all-time highs.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cruz disclosed a $100,000-$250,000 sale of Goldman Sachs stock on Nov 11, 2025, reported as spouse Heidi Cruz (a Goldman MD); GS sat near its all-time high (~$840) after a ~45% YTD run, and it was his first disclosed trade in over a year.","sourceUrl":"https://www.webull.com/news/13850607676638208"},{"claim":"On April 15, 2024, Cruz sold 935 Goldman Sachs shares (~$375,000) on behalf of spouse Heidi Cruz, a Goldman managing director.","sourceUrl":"https://247wallst.com/investing/2024/04/28/a-us-senator-just-sold-this-banking-stock/"},{"claim":"Cruz disclosed a personal Bitcoin purchase of $15,001-$50,000 made Jan 25, 2022 via River Financial, filed Feb 4, 2022, around the time he was publicly advocating for crypto.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnbc.com/2022/02/05/sen-ted-cruz-discloses-a-bitcoin-purchase-worth-up-to-50000.html"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative tracks Cruz STOCK Act filings totaling roughly $1.4M of trades, including large GS and BlackRock fund holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Ted%20Cruz-C001098"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Cruz was already a multimillionaire when he entered the Senate (~$2.3M in 2013). Household wealth growth is largely attributable to his wife's Goldman Sachs income and broad-market asset appreciation rather than measurable office-linked enrichment; fact-checkers have rebutted claims of dramatic post-office wealth jumps.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Cruz's 2013 net worth at about $2.3M; his 2012 disclosure showed assets of ~$2.2M-$5.1M against ~$750K-$1.5M in liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/ted-cruz/net-worth?cid=N00033085&year=2013"},{"claim":"PolitiFact/Snopes found viral claims of a dramatic Senate-era wealth surge overstated; much family wealth traces to his wife being the primary breadwinner.","sourceUrl":"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2018/oct/29/occupy-democrats/ted-cruz-net-worth-not-46m-according-best-calculat/"},{"claim":"Estimates put Cruz's recent net worth around the low-to-mid eight figures, with his wife's Goldman Sachs managing-director income described as the family's primary earnings source.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/ted-cruz/net-worth?cid=N00033085"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Cruz's campaign and aligned vehicles draw heavily from oil and gas and from the crypto industry, sectors on which he takes consistently favorable positions and which his Commerce Committee chairmanship touches. No quid pro quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Oil and gas gave over $900,000 to Cruz's 2024 campaign; Cruz consistently advances pro-drilling legislation and opposes leasing restrictions.","sourceUrl":"https://yaleclimateconnections.org/2025/01/the-fossil-fuel-industry-spent-219-million-to-elect-the-new-u-s-government/"},{"claim":"A Bitcoin-focused PAC (Bitcoin Freedom/crypto PACs) put $350,000 behind Cruz's 2024 race, and crypto executives (Coinbase's Armstrong, the Winklevoss twins) gave max direct donations; Cruz is a leading crypto advocate.","sourceUrl":"https://theintercept.com/2024/10/25/crypto-bitcoin-ted-cruz-colin-allred-senate/"},{"claim":"Cruz became Chairman of the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee in January 2025, with jurisdiction over tech, transportation and communications industries.","sourceUrl":"https://www.commerce.senate.gov/press/rep/release/sen-cruz-designated-chairman-of-senate-committee-on-commerce-science-and-transportation-2025-1/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets lists Cruz among top recipients across oil and gas, gun rights, airlines, trucking and other industries for the 2024 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/ted-cruz/industries?cid=N00033085&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Watchdogs alleged Cruz's iHeartMedia podcast arrangement improperly routed corporate money to a supportive PAC, raising personal-benefit/soft-money concerns, but the FEC dismissed the complaint, finding no evidence Cruz solicited, directed or received the funds. No other significant personal-use spending was found in sourced records.","evidence":[{"claim":"Campaign Legal Center and End Citizens United alleged Cruz's podcast deal funneled iHeartMedia ad money to the pro-Cruz Truth and Courage PAC, and filed an FEC complaint plus a Senate ethics complaint over an improper gift.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/update/cruzs-podcast-deal-appears-have-illegally-funneled-soft-money-elections"},{"claim":"The FEC dismissed the complaint (ruling dated Jan 14, 2025; reported Feb 2025), finding no information that Cruz solicited, directed, received, transferred or spent the funds iHeart paid the PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.texastribune.org/2025/02/21/ted-cruz-podcast-super-pac-complaint-dismissed-fec/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Standard staff-to-policy movement exists (e.g., a former chief of staff who became a member of Congress), but no sourced evidence shows family members lobbying his office or a documented staff-to-K-Street pipeline tied to Cruz's office. Cruz has notably co-sponsored a lifetime lobbying ban for ex-lawmakers.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cruz's former chief of staff Chip Roy went on to become a U.S. Representative, not a registered lobbyist; reporting on Cruz's staff pipeline to lobbying is limited.","sourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/2019/05/31/728559903/ted-cruz-and-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-team-up-to-ban-lawmakers-from-lobbying"},{"claim":"Cruz co-sponsored legislation with Rep. Ocasio-Cortez to impose a lifetime ban on members of Congress becoming paid lobbyists.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/lets-make-a-deal-aoc-and-ted-cruz-yes-thats-right-teaming-up-to-fix-washington/2019/05/30/bb9dbbfa-832c-11e9-bce7-40b4105f7ca0_story.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Cruz's attendance dropped sharply during his 2016 presidential run (missing roughly a quarter of votes) but is otherwise near the chamber norm. He maintains heavy fundraising and an outside paid podcast, but no sourced data ties recent missed votes directly to fundraising or paid-speech conflicts.","evidence":[{"claim":"During the lead-up to his 2016 presidential bid Cruz missed roughly 25% of votes, the worst attendance among senators then running; he has voted about 89% of the time since 2013 per GovTrack.","sourceUrl":"https://www.texastribune.org/2015/05/28/ted-cruzs-missed-senate-votes/"},{"claim":"Cruz hosts the syndicated iHeartMedia podcast 'Verdict with Ted Cruz' alongside his Senate duties, an outside revenue/visibility arrangement.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/update/clc-seeks-investigation-senator-cruz-podcast-deal-iheartmedia"},{"claim":"GovTrack maintains Cruz's voting/missed-vote report cards, which show attendance generally tracking the Senate median outside campaign periods.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ted_cruz/412573"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"W000802","name":"Sheldon Whitehouse","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"RI","score":33,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI) and his wife Sandra maintain an actively traded portfolio of individual securities; his office states a financial advisor trades independently without input from the family. Public reporting documents a 2022 STOCK Act late-disclosure violation (Target and Tesla purchases filed past the 45-day deadline) and a September 2022 New York Times finding that some household trades intersected with his committee work, including holdings in Goldman Sachs (up to ~$250,000) while he chairs the Budget Committee and criticizes Wall Street, and roughly $919,000 in consumer-goods companies he publicly criticized for \"shrinkflation.\" His estimated net worth ($7M-$21M) makes him one of the wealthier senators, but reporting attributes a large share to family inheritance predating office, which the rubric excludes from scoring. His top career donor industry is Lawyers/Law Firms (~$927,000), reflecting correlation only with no evidence of quid-pro-quo. A 2025 ethics complaint over ~$7M in federal grants to his wife's employer (Ocean Conservancy) was dismissed by the Senate Ethics Committee, and his vote-attendance record (2.2% missed) is better than the Senate median; no evidence of campaign-fund personal use or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Whitehouse and his wife actively trade individual securities. A 2022 STOCK Act late-disclosure violation (Target and Tesla) and a NYT investigation finding trades intersecting his committee work, plus holdings in Goldman Sachs (~$250K) while chairing the Budget Committee and criticizing Wall Street, and ~$919K in companies he criticized for 'shrinkflation,' present documented conflicts. His office states an advisor trades independently without family input; no proven market-beating returns or insider-timing findings.","evidence":[{"claim":"In March 2022, Business Insider reported Whitehouse violated the STOCK Act by failing to disclose Target and Tesla stock purchases by the federal 45-day deadline; his office blamed a staff transition.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse"},{"claim":"A September 2022 New York Times investigation found Whitehouse among members of Congress who traded stock intersecting with the work of committees on which they serve.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse"},{"claim":"Whitehouse held up to ~$250,000 in Goldman Sachs shares/funds while chairing the Senate Budget Committee and criticizing Wall Street, and he and his wife held up to ~$919,000 in PepsiCo, Walmart, Procter & Gamble and ConAgra shares despite criticizing those firms for 'shrinkflation'; a spokesperson said the account manager trades without family input.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/investigations/3088796/wall-street-sheldon-whitehouse-goldman-sachs-shares/"},{"claim":"Whitehouse's congressional trading activity is tracked publicly, listing him among more active senate stock traders.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Sheldon%20Whitehouse-W000802"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Whitehouse's estimated net worth (~$7M-$21M; ranked among wealthier senators) is substantial, but reporting attributes a large share to family inheritance and pre-office investments, which the rubric excludes. No sourced evidence shows abnormal wealth growth beyond salary, market returns and inheritance during his tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Whitehouse's net worth was estimated between ~$6.98M and ~$20.97M per his 2023 disclosure, making him one of the wealthier senators; a large portion is attributed to family inheritance plus stock and real-estate investments.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/sheldon-whitehouse-net-worth/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets ranked Whitehouse 21st in the Senate with an estimated net worth of ~$7.44M in 2018.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/sheldon-whitehouse-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Whitehouse's top career contributing industry is Lawyers/Law Firms (~$927,627), consistent with his legal background and Judiciary Committee role; PACs are a minority (~14%) of receipts. No sourced evidence of quid-pro-quo, and his agenda (climate, dark-money disclosure) does not align with a single concentrated donor industry seeking favorable votes.","evidence":[{"claim":"For the 2019-2024 cycle, Lawyers/Law Firms was Whitehouse's top contributing industry at ~$927,627; ~14% of contributions came from PACs and ~66% from large individual donors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/sheldon-whitehouse/industries?cid=N00027533&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"Whitehouse received over $175,000 from the League of Conservation Voters and contributions from environmental donors, aligning with his climate-focused legislative agenda.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced public record was found indicating Whitehouse's campaign committee (Whitehouse for Senate) or any leadership PAC spent funds on personal-benefit categories. Per the rubric, absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Whitehouse's principal campaign committee, Whitehouse for Senate (C00410803), reported routine fundraising and spending (e.g., $161.2K spent and $1.2M cash on hand in Q3 2025); no personal-use findings were reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00410803/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":33,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"A 2025 FACT ethics complaint alleged a conflict because legislation Whitehouse backed directed ~$7M (part of ~$14.2M in grants since 2008) to Ocean Conservancy, where his wife Sandra has worked and been paid ~$2.69M since 2010. The Senate Ethics Committee dismissed the complaint, finding no rule violation, and the group says the grants were competitively awarded and his wife was not paid from them. No staff-to-lobbyist pipeline evidence was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"FACT asked the Senate Ethics Committee to investigate whether Whitehouse's advocacy/votes for legislation channeling ~$7M to his wife's employer, Ocean Conservancy, constituted a conflict of interest.","sourceUrl":"https://www.factdc.org/post/fact-calls-for-investigation-into-sen-whitehouse-for-conflict-of-interest-in-funding-wife-s-ocean-c"},{"claim":"Ocean Conservancy received ~$14.2M in federal grants since 2008 and paid Sandra Whitehouse ~$2,686,800 since 2010; the Senate Ethics Committee dismissed FACT's 2025 letter on March 28, 2025, finding no violation, and the group says grants were competitively awarded and his wife was not compensated from them.","sourceUrl":"https://oceanconservancy.org/newsroom/press-release/2025/02/25/statement-ocean-conservancy-responds-to-debunked-ethics-claims-vows-to-keep-cleaning-our-beaches-and-waterways/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":6,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Whitehouse has a strong attendance record, missing 147 of 6,785 roll-call votes (2.2%) from 2007 to June 2026, below the ~2.8% median for current senators. No sourced evidence links fundraising or paid speeches to missed votes.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2007 to June 2026 Whitehouse missed 147 of 6,785 roll-call votes (2.2%), below the 2.8% median for currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/sheldon_whitehouse/412247"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001236","name":"John Boozman","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"AR","score":33,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Boozman is an active individual-stock trader, with trackers parsing roughly 640 trades, and his disclosed energy purchases (Exxon, pipeline and commodity ETFs) outperformed as oil markets spiked in early 2026 -- notable because he is ranking member of the Senate Agriculture Committee and sits on Appropriations and Environment & Public Works, creating sector-overlap and timing questions. His estimated net worth (~$3.4M) is mid-pack with no documented abnormal growth. No campaign personal-use, revolving-door, or absenteeism findings surfaced; industry influence is correlation-only.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"~640 disclosed trades; January 2026 energy buys (XOM plus pipeline/commodity ETFs) outperformed as indexes fell 4-5% YTD, while he holds EPW and Appropriations seats -- sector overlap and timing questions, no proven misconduct.","evidence":[{"claim":"Boozman has made roughly 640 stock trades per STOCK Act trackers, including purchases of Constellation Energy and Devon Energy.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/John%20Boozman-B001236"},{"claim":"His January 2026 energy purchases (Exxon, Tortoise Pipeline, commodity ETFs) gained value as major U.S. indexes declined ~4-5% YTD amid Iran/Strait of Hormuz oil volatility.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Sen.+John+Boozman%E2%80%99s+Energy+Trades+Outperform+as+Iran+War+Disrupts+Oil+Markets"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$3.4M (204th in Congress); no documented growth beyond salary/market over tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Boozman's net worth at ~$3.4M as of September 2025, 204th highest in Congress; holdings include up to $500K in Rocky Branch Resorts LLC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/John%20Boozman-B001236/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: ranking member of Senate Agriculture and member of Appropriations/EPW with agribusiness and energy donor interests; no quid-pro-quo established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Boozman is ranking member of the Senate Agriculture Committee and serves on Appropriations and Environment & Public Works, sectors overlapping his agribusiness/energy interests.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Sen.+John+Boozman%E2%80%99s+Energy+Trades+Outperform+as+Iran+War+Disrupts+Oil+Markets"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying/contracts tied to office or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented pattern of excessive missed votes paired with heavy fundraising or paid speeches found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001058","name":"Bill Huizenga","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"MI","score":33,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Bill Huizenga (R-MI), an eight-term House member and Vice Chair of the House Financial Services Committee, holds a portfolio of stocks and mutual funds, but no public tracker confirmed a high volume of actively-timed individual equity trades, so the strongest documented concerns are elsewhere. Financial disclosures show his net worth roughly tripled to five-fold over his tenure, though a substantial share derives from the family-owned Huizenga Gravel Company and ordinary asset appreciation rather than demonstrable office-linked gains. His campaign spending drew a 2018 FEC complaint and a House Ethics review that, in June 2024, found recordkeeping violations and improperly accepted staffer reimbursements but recommended no sanctions, attributing issues to confusion over the rules. As Vice Chair of Financial Services he receives heavy securities/finance industry money that correlates with his deregulatory agenda (correlation, not proof), while his missed-vote rate (~2.3% lifetime) is unremarkable.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Disclosures list individual stocks and mutual funds, and as Financial Services Vice Chair there is clear committee-sector overlap, but public trackers (Quiver, Capitol Trades) showed no confirmed high-volume or suspiciously-timed individual trades; a Raw Story review flagged a missing periodic transaction report tied to his gravel-business assets, not active equity churning. Scored low for unconfirmed volume.","evidence":[{"claim":"Huizenga's disclosures include a variety of stocks and mutual funds alongside Huizenga Gravel Company holdings; he sits on/leads Financial Services.","sourceUrl":"https://michiganindependent.com/infrastructure/huizengas-wealth-grew-as-he-skipped-community-project-funding-for-michigan-district/"},{"claim":"Raw Story review of disclosures found no previously-filed periodic transaction report for a reported asset; standard STOCK Act late penalty is a routinely-waived $200 fee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rawstory.com/congress-stock/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Comparing 2011 and 2025 filings, his total assets roughly tripled and net worth grew up to five-fold (from $172K-$948K to $885K-$2.8M), outpacing salary; however, a substantial portion traces to the family-owned Huizenga Gravel Company and ordinary market appreciation, so office-linked enrichment is not cleanly isolated. Moderate score reflects growth beyond salary but ambiguous causation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Assets roughly tripled and net worth grew up to fivefold since taking office in 2011, per 2011 vs 2025 disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://michiganindependent.com/infrastructure/huizengas-wealth-grew-as-he-skipped-community-project-funding-for-michigan-district/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated his 2018 net worth at about $1.5 million.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/bill-huizenga/net-worth?cid=N00030673"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: As Vice Chair of House Financial Services, Huizenga draws heavy securities/investment, banking, and insurance industry money, and his legislative output is concentrated in finance (e.g., the industry-backed Improving Disclosure for Investors Act, applauded by SIFMA), aligning with donor interests. Concentration of finance-sector money plus aligned deregulatory bills supports a moderate score; no quid pro quo is established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Huizenga is Vice Chair of House Financial Services; ~42% of his sponsored bills are in finance/financial sector.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/bill_huizenga/412437"},{"claim":"SIFMA (securities industry group) applauded passage of Huizenga's Improving Disclosure for Investors Act.","sourceUrl":"https://mondovisione.com/media-and-resources/news/sifma-applauds-passage-of-the-improving-disclosure-for-investors-act-of-2024-and/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":50,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"A 2018 FEC complaint alleged campaign funds paid for expensive dinners and vacations (Disney World, golf resorts, luxury hotels) involving family; the FEC deadlocked 2-2 and dismissed in-house, but the House Ethics Committee in June 2024 found actual recordkeeping violations and improperly accepted staffer reimbursements, though it recommended no sanctions, citing rule confusion. Documented rule breaches keep this in the moderate range despite no penalty.","evidence":[{"claim":"House Ethics found Huizenga violated campaign-finance recordkeeping rules and improperly accepted staffer contributions but recommended no sanctions.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2024/06/05/house-ethics-closes-huizenga-probe-finds-no-need-for-sanctions/"},{"claim":"2018 complaint alleged campaign funds used for dinners and vacations including Disney World, golf resorts, and luxury hotels.","sourceUrl":"https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/politics/2019/09/30/ethics-committee-reviewing-complaints-reps-tlaib-huizenga/3823225002/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records surfaced tying family members' lobbying or contracts to his office, or documenting a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Huizenga missed 211 of 9,122 roll-call votes (2.3%) from 2011 to June 2026, on par with the ~2.1% median for sitting representatives. No evidence of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Low score for a routine attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Huizenga missed 2.3% of roll-call votes (211 of 9,122) from 2011 to June 2026, near the chamber median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/bill_huizenga/412437"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"P000603","name":"Rand Paul","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"KY","score":33,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rand Paul (R-KY) has served in the Senate since 2011 and chairs the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee while also sitting on the HELP (health) and Foreign Relations committees. The household's only reported individual-stock transaction is his wife Kelley Paul's February 26, 2020 purchase of between $1,001 and $15,000 of Gilead Sciences, maker of the COVID-19 antiviral remdesivir; this was disclosed roughly 16 months late, in violation of the STOCK Act's 45-day deadline, though his office characterized it as a clerical oversight and said the investment lost money. Multiple cycles of OpenSecrets data show his campaign drawing heavily on conservative, gun-rights, and tobacco-aligned donors, but no quid-pro-quo can be asserted. Watchdog reports from Issue One and the Campaign Legal Center repeatedly singled out his leadership PAC (RAND PAC) for spending large sums on overseas travel, luxury hotels, limousines, and resort dining while giving relatively little to other Republicans, and his reelection committee spent roughly $50,000 on a Scandinavia trip his office defended as fundraising. His reported net worth (roughly $0.65M-$2.4M range) is modest for a long-serving senator with prior income as an eye surgeon. No public reporting surfaced documenting family lobbying, government contracting, or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to his office.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"The Paul household's only reported individual-stock trade in over a decade is Kelley Paul's Feb 26, 2020 purchase of $1,001-$15,000 of Gilead (maker of COVID antiviral remdesivir), disclosed ~16 months late in violation of the STOCK Act. The trade occurred after congressional COVID briefings but before broad public awareness, and falls in a sector (pharma/health) overseen by Paul's HELP committee. Single small trade, reportedly a money-loser; elevated by sector overlap and suspicious timing, but otherwise the household does not actively trade.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kelley Paul bought $1,001-$15,000 of Gilead on Feb 26, 2020; disclosed 16 months late, violating the STOCK Act's 45-day deadline.","sourceUrl":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/kentucky-sen-paul-failed-to-disclose-wifes-stock-trade"},{"claim":"Gilead is the first and only individual stock the Pauls reported buying or selling during his Senate tenure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/12/rand-pauls-wife-bought-shares-in-covid-treatment-maker-gilead-as-virus-spread.html"},{"claim":"The Gilead purchase occurred after Congress was briefed on the virus but before broad public awareness; Paul's office called the late filing an oversight.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/rand-paul-wife-stock-trade-covid-19/"},{"claim":"Paul sits on the Senate HELP (health) committee, which oversees the pharmaceutical/health sector relevant to the Gilead trade.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congress.gov/member/rand-paul/P000603/committees"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Disclosures place Paul's net worth in a roughly $0.65M-$2.4M range, modest for a senator with 15 years' tenure. He had pre-office income as an eye surgeon, and book sales/medical-practice income (which predate or are independent of office) explain much of his wealth. No evidence of net-worth growth markedly beyond salary and broad-market returns attributable to office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Based on Paul's 2023 financial disclosure, his net worth is roughly between $650,042 and $2,404,999.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/rand-paul/net-worth?cid=N00030836"},{"claim":"Paul's income sources include his Senate salary, prior medical practice as an eye surgeon, book sales, and investments.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rand_Paul"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. OpenSecrets shows Paul as a top recipient from gun-rights (#1), Republican/conservative (#1), and tobacco (#2) industries, and he is backed by ideological groups like Club for Growth (95% lifetime rating). His libertarian voting record aligns with these donor industries' preferences, but this reflects shared ideology as much as donor influence; no quid-pro-quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"In the 2021-2022 cycle Paul was a top recipient from gun rights (#1), Republican/conservative (#1), and tobacco (#2) industries.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/rand-paul/industries?cid=N00030836&cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Club for Growth PAC endorsed Paul, citing his 95% lifetime economic scorecard rating.","sourceUrl":"https://www.clubforgrowth.org/club-for-growth-pac-endorses-senator-rand-paul-r-ky/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Watchdog groups (Issue One, Campaign Legal Center) repeatedly singled out Paul's leadership PAC (RAND PAC) for spending heavily on personal-benefit categories: $11,043 at Italy/Malta restaurants, $4,492 on a Rome limousine, $1,904 at an Athens hotel, plus resort stays, while giving only ~7-12% to fellow Republicans. His reelection committee separately spent ~$50,000 on a Scandinavia trip (incl. $13,627 at a five-star Stockholm hotel and $17,742 on luxury travel service), which his office defended as fundraising. Pattern of donor-funded luxury travel/dining flagged as personal-benefit-adjacent, though Paul calls it permissible political activity.","evidence":[{"claim":"RAND PAC spent $11,043 at Italy/Malta restaurants, $4,492 on a Rome limousine, and $1,904 at an Athens hotel while giving under 7% to fellow Republicans (2018 Issue One report).","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsweek.com/rand-paul-ted-cruz-among-lawmakers-using-leadership-pacs-lavish-lifestyles-report-1634451"},{"claim":"Paul's reelection committee spent ~$50,000 on a Scandinavia trip including $13,627 at Stockholm's Grand Hotel and $17,742 on a luxury travel service; office said it was for fundraising.","sourceUrl":"https://kentuckylantern.com/2024/12/03/u-s-sen-rand-paul-still-travels-large-courtesy-of-his-political-donors/"},{"claim":"Campaign Legal Center flagged RAND PAC for spending significant sums on dining, lodging, and top resorts while giving only ~12% to fellow Republicans.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/update/no-more-all-expense-paid-luxury-vacations-its-time-fec-stop-abuse-leadership-pacs"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting was found documenting family members lobbying or contracting in connection with Paul's office, nor a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of data; not scored as a penalty.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"GovTrack records Paul missing roughly 5.1% of lifetime roll-call votes (279 of 5,432 through mid-2026), notably above the ~2.8% median for sitting senators. Some missed-vote periods coincided with his 2015-2016 presidential run and donor-funded travel, but no specific reporting directly ties individual missed votes to paid speeches or fundraising events. Elevated absenteeism, weak direct linkage to fundraising.","evidence":[{"claim":"Paul missed 279 of 5,432 roll-call votes (5.1%) from Jan 2011 to June 2026, worse than the ~2.8% median for current senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/rand_paul/412492"},{"claim":"Paul's reelection committee and PAC funded extensive travel (Scandinavia, ski resorts, Hawaii) his office characterized as fundraising-related.","sourceUrl":"https://kentuckylantern.com/2024/12/03/u-s-sen-rand-paul-still-travels-large-courtesy-of-his-political-donors/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000574","name":"Ruben Gallego","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"AZ","score":33,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Ruben Gallego (D-AZ) presents a mixed accountability profile dominated by campaign-finance optics rather than personal-stock enrichment. He is one of the least wealthy senators, with low-to-negative net worth and no active public-equity trading, though he did file STOCK Act disclosures for a few private holdings years late and called them inadvertent errors. The strongest concerns are his leadership PAC (JUNTOS) funding luxury family travel and the conflict posed by his lobbyist wife, whose National Association of Realtors clients overlap with bills he has supported, alongside Wall Street/crypto fundraising while he sits on the Banking digital-assets subcommittee. These items are largely permissible under current FEC and ethics rules and represent correlation rather than proven self-dealing; his above-median missed-vote rate is substantially explained by his Senate campaign and parental leave.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence of active public-equity trading. Disclosed holdings are a few private/early-stage stakes (Aspiration Fund Adviser, NameCoach), not a churning brokerage portfolio. The notable issue is STOCK Act compliance: he reported purchases (NameCoach 2022, Aspiration 2019) years late in an Aug 2024 corrected filing, ~791 days past one deadline. His office called them inadvertent errors. No committee-sector timing or market-beating-return pattern documented. Score reflects late-disclosure/transparency lapse rather than volume or suspicious-timing trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gallego reported 2019 Aspiration and 2022 NameCoach purchases years late in an August 2024 corrected filing, a STOCK Act timing violation his office called inadvertent errors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rawstory.com/raw-investigates/stock-act-violations-ruben-gallego/"},{"claim":"Disclosed holdings are limited private/fund stakes (Aspiration, Aspiration Fund Adviser, NameCoach) rather than an actively traded public-stock portfolio.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Ruben+Gallego+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Gallego is among the least wealthy members of Congress; estimates place net worth from near $0 to negative (roughly -$2.0M to -$0.9M) due to liabilities. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market during tenure; if anything disclosures show low or negative net worth. No abnormal enrichment to score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gallego's net worth is estimated as low or negative (roughly -$2.0M to -$0.9M from 2023 disclosure); he is one of the least wealthy senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Ruben%20Gallego-G000574/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As top Democrat on the Banking subcommittee on digital assets, Gallego oversees the crypto/financial industry that funds him; he held a 2025 Nantucket fundraiser hosted by Wall Street and crypto lobbyists (clients including JPMorgan, Apollo, Citigroup). Separately, his wife is a National Association of Realtors lobbyist; NAR gave ~$34K since 2014 and he voted for 38 NAR-lobbied bills. Concentration plus aligned votes is suggestive but not proof of quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gallego is top Democrat on the Banking subcommittee on digital assets and held a Nantucket fundraiser hosted by Wall Street and crypto lobbyists representing JPMorgan, Apollo and Citigroup clients.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2025/08/21/gallego-holds-nantucket-fundraiser-with-wall-street-and-crypto-lobbyists/"},{"claim":"Gallego voted for 38 bills lobbied by his wife as NAR's government-advocacy director; NAR contributed ~$34,000 to him since 2014.","sourceUrl":"https://freebeacon.com/democrats/ruben-gallego-says-hes-not-on-the-hook-to-lobbyists-hes-sponsored-bills-backed-by-his-lobbyist-wife/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"June 2026 reporting (Daily Beast, Phoenix New Times) found Gallego's JUNTOS leadership PAC (~$1.5M raised) funded luxury family travel logged as fundraising-related: Disney World/Disneyland, a >$9,000 Loews Miami Beach stay tied to his wife's birthday, St. Barts, and a 2023 Super Bowl outing via the joint 'Swallego Victory Fund.' The PAC also paid >$18K in child-care reimbursements, including $400 to his mother-in-law. Leadership PACs are exempt from the personal-use ban, so this is legally permissible; Gallego denies any FEC violation. Pattern of personal-benefit spending is documented but within current rules.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gallego's JUNTOS leadership PAC funded luxury family trips (Disney World, Miami Beach >$9,000 Loews stay, Super Bowl) logged as campaign/fundraising expenses; PAC raised ~$1.5M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/news/arizona-gallego-campaign-cash-travel-slush-fund-40676969/"},{"claim":"PAC covered >$18,000 in child-care reimbursements including $400 to Gallego's mother-in-law; trips included St. Barts for his wife's boss's birthday.","sourceUrl":"https://www.thedailybeast.com/ruben-gallego-used-campaign-funds-for-lavish-spending-spree/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Direct family-lobbying nexus: spouse Sydney Barron is a registered lobbyist (National Association of Realtors government-advocacy director) while Gallego sits in a position to act on her clients' legislation; he has voted for/sponsored numerous NAR-lobbied bills. No documented federal contracts to family or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline found. Score driven by spousal-lobbying conflict tied to his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gallego's wife Sydney Barron is a National Association of Realtors lobbyist; he has voted for 38 bills she lobbied and sponsored/cosponsored 17.","sourceUrl":"https://freebeacon.com/democrats/ruben-gallego-says-hes-not-on-the-hook-to-lobbyists-hes-sponsored-bills-backed-by-his-lobbyist-wife/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"GovTrack: Jan 2015-June 2026 Gallego missed 107 of 840 roll-call votes (12.7%), well above the ~2.8% senator median, though much of the elevated rate ties to his 2023-24 Senate campaign and documented parental leave rather than to paid speeches. Heavy fundraising activity (e.g., $815K disclosed, Nantucket donor events) coincides with the campaign period. No evidence of paid private speeches. Score reflects above-median missed votes partly explained by campaigning/leave.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gallego missed 107 of 840 roll-call votes (12.7%) from 2015 to June 2026, far above the 2.8% senator median, partly due to Senate campaigning and parental leave.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ruben_gallego/412612"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001120","name":"Dan Crenshaw","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"TX","score":33,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Dan Crenshaw (R-TX-02) drew scrutiny for purchasing roughly half a dozen individual stocks in March 2020 — including Amazon, Boeing, Southwest, SPX and Kinder Morgan — during the period Congress debated and passed the CARES Act, and he initially failed to disclose these trades as required by the STOCK Act, later amending his filings and acknowledging a likely fine. Outside that 2020 episode, his disclosed trading is limited and dominated by the broad-market SPY ETF, with reporting indicating he holds few individual stocks. His net worth is reported to have grown over his tenure, but published estimates vary widely (from roughly $1.4M to $4.4M) and a substantial portion is attributed to a military pension, book royalties and real estate, making office-linked enrichment difficult to isolate from cited records. On campaign finance, the FEC fined his committee $42,000 in 2022 for failing to timely return more than $223,000 in excessive/prohibited contributions, and a separate FEC letter flagged about $9,000 in salon expenditures as a potential personal-use concern. He missed 6.2% of roll-call votes (233 of 3,777) from 2019 to mid-2026, roughly three times the chamber median, and his largest recent donor industry was Securities & Investment — associations that are correlation, not proof of any quid pro quo.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":42,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"In March 2020, Crenshaw bought ~6 individual stocks (Amazon, Boeing, Southwest, SPX, Kinder Morgan) as Congress debated/passed the CARES Act, with several purchases dated to the exact days of votes/signing; he failed to disclose them on time (STOCK Act violation), amended filings later, and admitted a likely fine. Some holdings (Kinder Morgan/Schlumberger energy; he sits on Energy & Commerce) overlap his oversight areas. Outside 2020, disclosed trades are limited and dominated by the broad-market SPY ETF, and reporting says he holds few individual stocks.","evidence":[{"claim":"In March 2020 Crenshaw made roughly half a dozen stock purchases (Southwest, Boeing, SPX, Kinder Morgan, Amazon) valued $1,001-$15,000 each as the CARES Act was written, debated and signed, with purchases dated to the days of votes.","sourceUrl":"https://www.thedailybeast.com/texas-rep-dan-crenshaw-decided-the-covid-19-pandemic-was-the-perfect-time-to-buy-and-not-disclose-stocks/"},{"claim":"Crenshaw did not initially disclose the March 2020 trades, in violation of the STOCK Act, and later amended his annual report; he said 'I didn't know I was supposed to' and acknowledged 'there's probably a fine I have to pay.'","sourceUrl":"https://dailycaller.com/2021/03/09/dan-crenshaw-allegations-insider-trading-stock-market-congress/"},{"claim":"Crenshaw had never traded individual stocks in office until COVID; beyond the March trades he held only Starbucks, Alphabet and a small Schlumberger stake.","sourceUrl":"https://truthout.org/articles/gop-lawmaker-was-busy-buying-amazon-stock-as-economy-was-shutting-down-last-year/"},{"claim":"His more recent disclosed transactions (April 2023, August 2024) were purchases of the broad-market SPY S&P 500 ETF rather than individual equities.","sourceUrl":"https://pelositracker.app/filings/32f2d6231f291e004a7629eb177fd3ef5a7396a4ee8b9d1b5d69da10ff2147ba"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Published net-worth estimates rise over his tenure but conflict sharply across sources (roughly $1.4M to $4.4M for 2024), and much is attributed to a military pension, successful book royalties and real estate. No reliable disclosure-based figure isolates growth beyond salary and market returns, so no enrichment score is assigned (absence is not penalized).","evidence":[{"claim":"2024 net-worth estimates vary widely; one tracker estimates about $1.42 million while other secondary sources cite figures up to ~$4.4 million, with income attributed to military pension, congressional salary, book royalties, real estate and speaking.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Dan%20Crenshaw-C001120/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Securities & Investment was the top industry to the Dan Crenshaw Victory Committee in 2024 (~$502,139), with AQR Capital Management the single largest donor (~$100,000); historically Gun Rights and Real Estate ranked among his top industries. He sits on Energy & Commerce and the Intelligence Committee. No evidence of any quid pro quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities & Investment was the top industry contributor to the Dan Crenshaw Victory Committee in the 2024 cycle, totaling about $502,139, with AQR Capital Management the top donor at about $100,000.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/dan-crenshaw-victory-cmte/C00694810/2024/industries"},{"claim":"In the 2019-2020 cycle Crenshaw ranked among top recipients in the Gun Rights and Real Estate industries.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/dan-crenshaw/industries?cid=N00042224&cycle=2020"},{"claim":"Crenshaw serves on the Energy and Commerce Committee and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence in the 119th Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://crenshaw.house.gov/committees"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"An FEC letter flagged roughly $9,000 in salon expenditures as a potential violation of federal rules barring personal use of campaign cash; this remains a flag rather than an adjudicated finding. Separately, the FEC fined his committee $42,000 in 2022 for failing to timely return >$223,000 in excessive/prohibited contributions — a compliance/refund failure, not personal-use spending.","evidence":[{"claim":"An FEC letter noted that about $9,000 in salon expenditures by Crenshaw's campaign could run afoul of federal rules banning personal use of campaign funds, with a response deadline set.","sourceUrl":"https://www.sacurrent.com/news/feds-demand-texas-congressman-dan-crenshaws-campaign-explain-illegal-donations-36572082/"},{"claim":"The FEC fined Crenshaw's campaign committee $42,000 for failing to return more than $223,000 in excessive and prohibited contributions, with most refunds made 115-612 days late.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2022/dec/3/rep-dan-crenshaw-fined-42k-fec-campaign-finance-vi/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence was found of family members lobbying or contracting tied to his office, or of a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Crenshaw missed 6.2% of roll-call votes (233 of 3,777) from January 2019 to June 2026 — roughly three times the ~2.1% median for serving representatives. He is an active fundraiser (top industry Securities & Investment) and public speaker, but the cited records do not directly tie specific missed votes to fundraising or paid-speech events.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2019 to June 2026, Crenshaw missed 233 of 3,777 roll-call votes (6.2%), versus a 2.1% median for representatives currently serving.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/dan_crenshaw/412820"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001327","name":"Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr.","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"PA","score":33,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rob Bresnahan, a first-term Republican from Pennsylvania's 8th District, sits on Transportation and Infrastructure (Vice Chair, Highways and Transit), Agriculture and Small Business. He ran on banning congressional stock trading, then reported more than 650 trades in 2025, including sales of four Medicaid insurers a week before voting to cut Medicaid; he says advisers trade without his input, and his 2026 activity is limited to bonds. His wealth, estimated at $48 million, comes from his family's highway-electrical contracting firm, in which he still reports a $5M–$25M stake. No ethics or FEC complaint about him was found. His attendance is strong.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":72,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of 21 House Clerk reports finds 653 transactions since January 2025 (568 self, 85 joint), about $2.8M–$14.3M by range, and no late filings. That makes him one of the most active traders in the 119th Congress. On May 15, 2025 his account sold UnitedHealth, Elevance, CVS and Centene, four large Medicaid managed-care companies, a week before he voted for the House bill that cut Medicaid. Business Insider counted 40 trades worth at least $166,000 after his May 6, 2025 promise to move into a blind trust. He says advisers trade without his input. His 2026 reports show only municipal bonds and Treasury notes.","evidence":[{"claim":"PTR signed May 31, 2025 lists sales of CVS, Elevance Health and UnitedHealth stock dated 05/15/2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030433.pdf"},{"claim":"A separate PTR lists a Centene Corporation sale dated 05/15/2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030482.pdf"},{"claim":"NBC News (Nov. 20, 2025): he sold up to $130,000 in Centene, Elevance, UnitedHealth and CVS on May 15 and voted May 22 for the bill cutting Medicaid; he said he never instructed his advisers.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/rep-rob-bresnahan-sold-stock-medicaid-providers-vote-big-bill-rcna244859"},{"claim":"Business Insider via Yahoo (June 2, 2025): at least 530 trades since January; 40 trades worth at least $166,000 after his May 6 blind-trust announcement.","sourceUrl":"https://www.yahoo.com/news/said-hed-ban-stock-trading-174756088.html"},{"claim":"PTR signed Feb. 13, 2025 is his first, a long report of individual-stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20024346.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"His wealth predates office. His 2024 candidate report listed a $5M–$25M interest in his family's Kuharchik Construction, two JPMorgan accounts each at $1M–$5M, and commercial real estate. His 2025 report shows three Pittston real-estate sales of $1M–$5M each in June 2025. Wikipedia cites an estimated net worth of $48 million. Nothing shows growth tied to the office.","evidence":[{"claim":"2024 candidate report lists Kuharchik Construction (via KUCHCON/MWE Group) at $5,000,001–$25,000,000 and two JPMorgan checking accounts at $1,000,001–$5,000,000 each.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2024/10057745.pdf"},{"claim":"2025 annual report lists three RPB Ventures property sales on 06/06/2025, each $1,000,001–$5,000,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075331.pdf"},{"claim":"Wikipedia: net worth estimated at $48 million.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Bresnahan"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. PAC money is a large share of his receipts: $1,378,927 of $5.23M in the 2026 cycle through June 30, 2026, per FEC. No donor-to-action link was found. The Medicaid-stock sale is scored under stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC 2026-cycle summary: $5,234,585.93 receipts, $1,378,927 from PACs/other committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4PA08124/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint about campaign spending was found. Context: he lent his 2024 campaign about $1.3M, and the committee has repaid him $180,000 in the 2026 cycle, a legal repayment that is disclosed on FEC reports.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Bresnahan is Vice Chair of the Highways and Transit subcommittee while still reporting a $5M–$25M interest in Kuharchik Construction, the family highway-electrical contractor he ran as CEO. The company does traffic signals, intelligent transportation systems and highway lighting, which overlaps with his subcommittee's jurisdiction. No reporting was found tying any specific contract or legislative act to the company. This is an ownership overlap, not a documented case of steering.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report lists his interest in Kuharchik Construction, LLC (held through holding companies) at $5,000,001–$25,000,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075331.pdf"},{"claim":"His House bio: CEO of Kuharchik Construction from 2013, expanding its intelligent transportation systems work; Vice Chair of the Subcommittee on Highways and Transit.","sourceUrl":"https://bresnahan.house.gov/about"},{"claim":"APTA: as vice chair of the T&I Highways and Transit Subcommittee he plays a key part in the surface transportation debate.","sourceUrl":"https://aptapassengertransport.com/?p=13952"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview records 6 missed of 674 roll calls (0.9%), below the House median.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th House roll-call data: Bresnahan missed 6 votes (0.9%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000600","name":"Mario Diaz-Balart","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"FL","score":32,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Mario Diaz-Balart (R-FL), a senior House Appropriations Committee member first elected in 2002, shows a modest individual-stock trading footprint (roughly $145K in disclosed trades, mostly older, e.g., 2017 sales of HPQ/AMZN/HPE) with no documented suspicious-timing scandal. His most notable accountability issue is a long-standing family revolving-door pattern: his brother, former Rep. Lincoln Diaz-Balart, has earned over $2.5M lobbying for Taiwan and Morocco — both countries Mario advocates for in Congress — though contracts formally bar lobbying his office, and a nephew (Daniel Diaz-Balart) also entered lobbying. Campaign funding is heavily PAC- and pro-Israel-concentrated (AIPAC-aligned ~$516K career), a correlation worth noting given his appropriations/foreign-aid role but not proof of quid pro quo. His lifetime missed-vote rate (4.6%) is roughly double the chamber median, and reported high-dollar campaign meal spending warrants monitoring but no confirmed personal-use violation.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Disclosed roughly $145K in individual-stock trades, largely older (e.g., May 2017 sales of HPQ, AMZN, HPE up to $15K each). Low recent volume; no documented committee-sector overlap exploitation or suspicious-timing findings. Quiver estimates near-zero current net worth in tracked equities.","evidence":[{"claim":"Diaz-Balart disclosed up to ~$145K of trades; largest a May 2017 sale of up to $15K HPQ, plus AMZN and HPE sales.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Mario%20Diaz-Balart-D000600"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated net worth around $81,504 (2018) and Quiver estimates ~$81K in 2025 — among the lower-ranked in Congress, with no evidence of growth beyond salary/market over tenure. No documented anomalous enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth ~$81,504 in 2018 and ~$81K in 2025, ranking low among members.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/mario-diaz-balart/net-worth?cid=N00025337"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Funding is ~45% PAC and heavily concentrated in pro-Israel interests (AIPAC ~$480K, pro-Israel total ~$516K career), aligning with his Appropriations foreign-aid role and consistent advocacy. Concentration is notable but no documented vote-for-cash evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"AIPAC contributed ~$480,227 and pro-Israel interests ~$516,462; ~45% of funding from PACs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/mario-diaz-balart/summary?cid=N00025337"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Reported high-dollar campaign meal spending (e.g., $3,400 single meal at Ristorante Tosca, $2,300 across Capitol Hill Club meals, $1,900 at Bel Mare Key West) and $53K+ to Rose Strategies for lodging/food. Common political-expense patterns; no confirmed FEC personal-use finding.","evidence":[{"claim":"Campaign reported a $3,400 meal at Ristorante Tosca, $2,300 in Capitol Hill Club meals, $1,900 at Bel Mare, and $53K+ to Rose Strategies for lodging/food.","sourceUrl":"https://floridapolitics.com/archives/640134-mario-diaz-balart-crosses-600k-raised-since-re-election-to-defend-cd-26-seat/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Brother Lincoln Diaz-Balart's firm (Western Hemisphere Strategies) earned >$1.3M lobbying for Taiwan and ~$1.2M for Morocco — both countries Mario actively advocates for (Morocco Caucus member/former co-chair). Nephew Daniel Diaz-Balart also entered lobbying. Contracts bar lobbying Mario's office, mitigating but not eliminating the conflict.","evidence":[{"claim":"Brother Lincoln paid >$1.3M lobbying for Taiwan and ~$1.2M for Morocco; Mario advocates for both; contracts bar lobbying his office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cbsnews.com/miami/news/taiwan-morocco-the-diaz-balart-brothers/"},{"claim":"Nephew Daniel Diaz-Balart entered lobbying via Biscayne Strategies LLC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro_news/1937/diaz-balart-son-nephew-enters-lobbying-world.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 4.6% (693 of 15,041 from 2003-2026), roughly double the ~2.1% median among current members, alongside steady active fundraising ($210K-$282K quarters reported). No paid-speech issues documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 693 of 15,041 votes (4.6%) since 2003, well above the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/mario_diaz_balart/400108"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000617","name":"Suzan K. DelBene","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"WA","score":32,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Suzan DelBene (D-WA-1), in the House since 2012, is among the wealthiest members of Congress, with net-worth estimates ranging from roughly $50 million to over $140 million; this wealth largely predates her office and stems from her career as a Microsoft executive and co-founder of drugstore.com. The household holds and trades large individual securities positions, most notably Microsoft stock held by her husband Kurt DelBene, a former Microsoft executive. A 2021-2022 forward contract worth up to $25 million scheduled recurring Microsoft sales, and press and watchdog groups (Fox News, Raw Story, Campaign Legal Center) reported that two transactions worth $1.25M-$5.5M were disclosed 105 and 288 days after the trades, exceeding the STOCK Act's 45-day window for spousal trades. Her top career campaign contributors come from the technology and electronics sectors, with Microsoft her single largest contributor, while she serves on tax- and trade-focused Ways and Means and previously on technology/IP Judiciary subcommittees; this represents correlation, not proof of quid pro quo. She has an exemplary voting-attendance record, missing only about 0.5% of roll-call votes over her tenure, and no public records of campaign-fund personal use or family lobbying/revolving-door dealings were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Household actively holds/trades large individual securities, dominated by spouse Kurt DelBene's Microsoft position. A forward contract worth up to $25M scheduled recurring MSFT sales (2022-2024); ~$33M of MSFT reportedly sold over three years. Two spousal sales ($1.25M-$5.5M) were disclosed 105 and 288 days after the trades, well past the STOCK Act's 45-day deadline. Microsoft is a tech company while she sits on tax/trade (Ways and Means) and previously tech/IP (Judiciary) panels, raising sector-overlap and conflict concerns flagged by watchdogs. No evidence of market-beating active stock-picking; trades appear largely tied to a pre-set contract and legacy compensation rather than discretionary timed bets.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kurt DelBene sold between $5M and $25M in Microsoft stock via a forward contract created in 2021/2022 with sales every six months through 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/media-mentions/democratic-rep-suzan-delbenes-husband-just-sold-25-million-microsoft-stock-whether"},{"claim":"Two Microsoft sales (Aug 30, 2022 and Mar 1, 2023, worth $1.25M-$5.5M) were disclosed 288 and 105 days after the trades, exceeding the STOCK Act's 45-day spousal deadline.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/top-dem-rep-appears-violate-federal-law-with-late-disclosure-million-dollar-stock-sales"},{"claim":"DelBene reportedly sold approximately $33 million of MSFT stock over three years.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/suzan-delbene-net-worth/"},{"claim":"DelBene serves on the House Ways and Means Committee (taxation, trade) with Oversight and Tax subcommittee assignments.","sourceUrl":"https://delbene.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=2416"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"DelBene is among Congress's wealthiest members, with estimates from ~$50M to ~$140M. The wealth overwhelmingly predates her 2012 election, derived from her Microsoft executive career, co-founding drugstore.com, and serving as CEO of Nimble Technology, and is therefore not scorable as office-linked enrichment. Reported net-worth growth tracks appreciation of legacy Microsoft holdings rather than any documented enrichment tied to her office. No sourced evidence ties wealth growth to legislative activity beyond ordinary market gains on pre-existing assets.","evidence":[{"claim":"Most of DelBene's wealth comes from her business career at Microsoft, co-founding drugstore.com, and serving as CEO of Nimble Technology, predating her congressional service.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/suzan-delbene-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Net-worth estimates range widely, with one estimate of about $141.6 million as of February 2026 driven largely by Microsoft holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Suzan%20K.%20DelBene-D000617/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. DelBene's largest career contributors cluster in the technology and electronics sectors, with the electronics manufacturing/equipment industry (~$1.34M) and Microsoft Corp (~$830K, her single largest contributor) leading. She sits on Ways and Means (tax, trade) and has served on Judiciary subcommittees covering tech/IP and antitrust, areas of direct interest to her top donor industries, and co-chairs tech-oriented caucuses. No evidence of any quid-pro-quo; the overlap reflects a tech-district member representing a tech-heavy constituency and donor base.","evidence":[{"claim":"DelBene's top career industry contributor is Electronics Mfg & Equip (~$1,339,496) and her top single contributor is Microsoft Corp (~$829,852).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/suzan-delbene/industries?cid=N00030693&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"DelBene serves on tax/trade Ways and Means subcommittees and previously on Judiciary's Courts, Intellectual Property and the Internet subcommittee.","sourceUrl":"https://ballotpedia.org/Suzan_DelBene"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records or reporting were found indicating that DelBene's campaign committee or her leadership PAC (DelBene Democratic Majority Fund) spent funds on personal-benefit categories or faced any FEC personal-use complaint. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"DelBene maintains standard FEC filings for her candidate committee and the DelBene Democratic Majority Fund leadership PAC; no personal-use violation or controversy was found in available records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00833590/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family members lobbying her office, contracting tied to her position, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was located in public reporting. LegiStorm tracks revolving-door and lobbying categories for her office but detailed findings are paywalled and no specific public allegations surfaced. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm maintains revolving-door staff and lobbying-filing tracking for Rep. DelBene's office, but no specific family-lobbying or staff-to-lobbyist findings were publicly documented.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/198811/Suzan_Kay_DelBene.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Despite holding a heavy fundraising role as DCCC chair for the 2026 cycle, DelBene has an exemplary attendance record, missing only 39 of 7,540 roll-call votes (about 0.5%) from November 2012 through May 2026, far better than the ~2.1% median of currently serving representatives. There is no evidence that fundraising activity caused missed legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"DelBene missed 39 of 7,540 roll-call votes (0.5%) from Nov 2012 to May 2026, better than the 2.1% median among current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/suzan_delbene/412505"},{"claim":"DelBene was selected as DCCC chair for the 2026 campaign cycle, a major fundraising role.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzan_DelBene"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000389","name":"Ro Khanna","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":32,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Ro Khanna (D-CA17) presents a mixed accountability profile: he is a vocal reformer who refuses all PAC and lobbyist contributions, founded the No PAC Caucus, and champions banning congressional stock trading, yet trades disclosed under his name remain a live controversy. Trackers and news outlets report his family executed roughly 4,284 trades worth over $59 million in 2025 and outperformed the S&P 500 by about 112% from 2024-2026, including a 2024 Nvidia purchase returning ~143% while he serves on a House Armed Services subcommittee that oversees defense AI; Khanna says he does not personally trade and has no input into his wife's trust, which holds the assets. He is among the wealthiest House members (2023 disclosure implying roughly $36M-$101M net worth, no liabilities), with reporting attributing most of that wealth to his wife's family fortune from Transtar Industries rather than to his office. His campaign-finance record shows industry-concentrated individual donations from Internet, venture capital and securities sectors tied to his Silicon Valley district, offset by his no-PAC/no-lobbyist stance, and the only enforcement matter is a 2021 $16,000 FEC settlement over donor-database software with no personal-use findings. No evidence was found of family lobbying or a staff revolving door, and GovTrack shows he missed only 0.8% of roll-call votes from 2017 to 2026, below the chamber median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Khanna states he does not personally trade and has no input into a trust held by his wife, Ritu Khanna, yet trades filed under his disclosures are voluminous and overlap with his committee jurisdiction. Trackers report the family executed roughly 4,284 trades worth over $59 million in 2025, with trades associated with him producing ~112% excess return over the S&P 500 from Jan 2024 to April 2026, including a Feb 2024 Nvidia purchase ($100k-$250k) returning ~143% while he sits on the House Armed Services Subcommittee on Cyber, Innovative Technologies and Information Systems, which oversees defense AI. Sludge also documented spouse-trust trades in fossil-fuel (Phillips 66, Coterra, Atmos) and defense (General Dynamics, Leidos, Honeywell) stocks after public divestment claims.","evidence":[{"claim":"Khanna's family made about 4,284 stock trades at a volume over $59 million in 2025 and posted ~112% outperformance vs the S&P 500.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsweek.com/democrat-ro-khannas-stock-performance-surges-112-percent-report-11834725"},{"claim":"Khanna's wife purchased Nvidia shares ($100k-$250k) in Feb 2024 for a ~143% return while Khanna holds a senior role on the House Armed Services subcommittee overseeing defense AI procurement.","sourceUrl":"https://heritagereview.com/ro-khannas-nvidia-windfall-draws-fire-as-congress-still-cant-ban-its-own-stock-trading/"},{"claim":"Months after divestment claims, Ritu Khanna's trust kept trading fossil-fuel stocks (Phillips 66, Coterra, Atmos, Xcel) and defense stocks (General Dynamics, Leidos, Honeywell).","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2022/02/16/months-after-claiming-to-divest-ro-khannas-spouse-keeps-trading-fossil-fuel-and-defense-stocks/"},{"claim":"Khanna states 'I have been a leader to ban Congressional stock trading, do not trade, and have no input in the trades filed by my wife's trust.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/politicians/K000389"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Khanna is among the wealthiest members of Congress; his 2023 disclosure implies a net worth roughly between $36.4 million and $101.5 million with no reported liabilities. He entered Congress in 2017 with an estimated net worth around $45.8 million (OpenSecrets). Reporting attributes most of the wealth to his wife Ritu Khanna, whose family fortune derives from her father's company Transtar Industries, rather than to congressional activity; growth is large in nominal terms but is largely explained by pre-existing family wealth and strong equity-market returns over the period.","evidence":[{"claim":"Khanna's 2023 financial disclosure implies a net worth between roughly $36.4 million and $101.5 million with no reported liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/ro-khanna-net-worth/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Khanna's 2017 net worth at about $45.8 million.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/ro-khanna/net-worth?cid=N00026427&year=2017"},{"claim":"Most of Khanna's wealth comes from his wife Ritu Khanna, whose trust is fueled by family wealth from her father, founder of Transtar Industries.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsweek.com/democrat-ro-khannas-stock-performance-surges-112-percent-report-11834725"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. In the 2021-2022 cycle Khanna ranked as a top recipient from the Internet (#1), Venture Capital (#1), Securities/Investment (#3) and Computer Software (#4) industries, reflecting his Silicon Valley district, and his sponsored tech and AI-related work overlaps with those donor industries. This concentration is materially offset by his refusal of all PAC and lobbyist money: he was among only six House members to take no PAC money in 2016, founded the No PAC Caucus, and authored the No PAC Act. No quid-pro-quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"In 2021-2022 Khanna was a top recipient from Internet (#1), Venture Capital (#1), Securities/Investment (#3) and Computer Software (#4) industries.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/ro-khanna/industries?cid=N00026427&cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Khanna refuses PAC and lobbyist contributions, was among just six House members to take no PAC money in 2016, and founded the No PAC Caucus and No PAC Act.","sourceUrl":"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/release-reps-khanna-phillips-reintroduce-no-pac-act-get-big-money-out-0"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No public-record evidence was found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal-benefit categories such as family meals, clubs, or family payroll. The only relevant enforcement matter is a 2021 FEC settlement in which Khanna's campaign agreed to pay $16,000 over the use of 'RevUp' software that improperly accessed FEC donor data during 2014/2016 campaigns; the FEC found no personal wrongdoing by Khanna and the matter concerned fundraising mechanics, not personal-use spending.","evidence":[{"claim":"Khanna's campaign agreed to pay $16,000 to the FEC over use of RevUp software that improperly accessed the FEC donor database; the FEC found no wrongdoing by Khanna personally.","sourceUrl":"https://sanjosespotlight.com/silicon-valley-congressman-ro-khanna-fined-16k-for-private-email-campaigning/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public-record evidence was found of immediate family members lobbying or contracting tied to Khanna's office, of a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline, or of post-office lobbying (he remains in office). His brother is reported to be an assistant U.S. attorney, not a lobbyist, and Khanna has advocated a lifetime lobbying ban for former members.","evidence":[{"claim":"No reporting identifies a family member of Khanna working as a lobbyist; his brother Vikas Khanna is an assistant U.S. attorney, and Khanna advocates a lifetime lobbying ban for ex-members.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro_Khanna"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Khanna has a strong attendance record despite being a prolific fundraiser. Per GovTrack, from January 2017 to June 2026 he missed only 42 of 4,987 roll-call votes (0.8%), better than the ~2.1% median among members. No evidence indicates fundraising or paid speeches displaced his voting duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"From Jan 2017 to June 2026 Khanna missed 42 of 4,987 roll-call votes (0.8%), below the 2.1% member median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ro_khanna/412684"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001299","name":"Jim Banks","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"IN","score":32,"coverage":2,"former":false,"summary":"Jim Banks (R-IN) served in the U.S. House 2017-2025 before being elected to the Senate in 2024, taking office January 2025; he sits on the Banking and Armed Services committees. He has a documented history of modest individual-stock trading (Roblox, Starbucks, Kroger) and was reported by Business Insider in 2021 to have violated STOCK Act disclosure deadlines on up to ~$45,000 in trades, though trade volumes are small and his tracked live portfolio is only roughly $87K, concentrated in funds. Estimated net worth (~$3.4M as of Sept 2025) is largely tied to rental real estate that appears to predate or run alongside his tenure rather than to obvious office-driven enrichment. No public record found of campaign-fund personal-use abuse, family lobbying ties (his spouse works for a pro-family ministry, not as a lobbyist), or heavy missed-vote/fundraising patterns; most components reflect a relatively clean record with the main flag being prior STOCK Act late disclosures.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Documented individual-stock trades (Roblox, Starbucks, Kroger) totaling up to ~$995K parsed from STOCK Act filings over time; Business Insider reported 2021 late-disclosure STOCK Act violations on up to ~$45K. Volumes are modest and most live holdings are funds/ETFs, but a sitting Banking Committee member trading individual equities plus disclosure-deadline violations warrants a moderate score. No confirmed market-beating-return or insider-timing finding.","evidence":[{"claim":"Banks failed to properly disclose sales of Kroger, Roblox, and Starbucks stock worth up to $45,000, violating STOCK Act deadlines (Business Insider, 2021); he later disclosed selling $1,001-$15,000 of Starbucks in April 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/instant-alerts/starbucks-nasdaqsbux-shares-unloaded-sen-jim-banks-2026-04-21/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative has data on up to ~$995K of Banks trades from STOCK Act filings, including a Nov 2021 purchase of up to $50K of Roblox (RBLX).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jim%20Banks-B001299"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$3.4M (Sept 2025), largely rental real estate (up to $5M disclosed) plus retirement funds and insurance. No sourced analysis isolates net-worth growth beyond salary/market over his tenure, and real-estate holdings appear pre-existing rather than office-driven. Per rules, absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Banks's estimated net worth is ~$3.4M (Sept 2025); disclosed holdings include up to $5M in rental property, ReliaStar life insurance, and retirement funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jim%20Banks-B001299"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Banks sits on the Banking and Armed Services committees and receives industry/PAC and lobbyist contributions tracked by OpenSecrets, creating sector-overlap potential. No specific sourced vote-for-dollars pattern was established in available records; score reflects committee-sector contribution overlap only, with low confidence given lack of itemized donor-to-vote mapping retrieved.","evidence":[{"claim":"Banks serves on Senate Banking (incl. Securities, Insurance & Investment subcommittee) and Armed Services committees, sectors that lobby and contribute heavily.","sourceUrl":"https://www.banks.senate.gov/about/committees/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Banks's contributions by industry and from lobbyists across his career.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2024&id=N00037185"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public record found of Banks using campaign or leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit. His committees file with the FEC (Q2 2025: ~$297K raised, ~$449K spent) but no sourced personal-use allegation was identified. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Banks's FEC filings show routine campaign fundraising and spending (Q2 2025: ~$296.9K raised, ~$448.5K spent); no personal-use finding reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4IN00196/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family lobbying or office-tied contracts. Banks's spouse Amanda works for the Family Policy Foundation, a pro-family ministry, not as a registered lobbyist. No notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline documented in retrieved sources. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Banks's wife Amanda works for the Family Policy Foundation, a pro-family ministry that trains leaders; no lobbying role identified.","sourceUrl":"https://banksforsenate.com/meet-jim/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced data retrieved showing elevated missed votes paired with heavy fundraising or paid speeches as a senator (in office since Jan 2025). GovTrack maintains his attendance record but specific missed-vote figures were not obtained. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Banks's voting and attendance record as junior senator (since Jan 2025) is tracked by GovTrack; no abnormal missed-vote pattern documented in retrieved data.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jim_banks/412702"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001136","name":"Lisa C. McClain","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"MI","score":32,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Lisa McClain is a third-term Republican from Michigan's 9th District and chair of the House Republican Conference, serving on Financial Services and Education and Workforce. Before Congress she was a senior executive at the Hantz Group financial-planning firm, and her spouse still works there. Her filings show about 1,434 trades by her husband since mid-2025, and NOTUS reported two 2025 STOCK Act violations for late disclosure; she told the Clerk she is taking steps to comply. Her husband also bought private stakes in xAI, SpaceX and Saronic, with reporting noting no public evidence of nonpublic information. No campaign-finance or ethics complaints were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":68,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of her PTRs shows 1,434 transactions, all owned by her spouse Michael, filed Aug 2025-Aug 2026 and worth roughly $2.9M-$24.9M by disclosed ranges, mostly in Charles Schwab brokerage and 401(k) accounts. Her Aug 13, 2025 PTR alone reported 722 trades, 545 of them past the 45-day deadline (trade dates back to March 2024); NOTUS reported a second late batch in October 2025 including up to $450K of Palantir sales, after which she pledged compliance in a letter to the Clerk. The spouse also bought private stakes in SpaceX, xAI, Apptronik and Saronic, companies with federal contracts or announcements. She sits on Financial Services (Capital Markets) and the household traded banks and brokers (JPM, GS, BAC, SCHW). Reporting found no public evidence of nonpublic information.","evidence":[{"claim":"Aug 13, 2025 PTR lists hundreds of spouse (SP) stock trades in Charles Schwab Brokerage Account 924 with transaction dates as early as 2024, filed past the 45-day deadline.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030891.pdf"},{"claim":"NOTUS (Oct 31, 2025): second STOCK Act violation of the year, $360K-$900K of husband Michael's trades reported late, including up to $450K of June Palantir sales; in an Oct. 20 letter she said 'I am taking aggressive measures to ensure full compliance in the future.' The first, in August, covered 500+ late transactions.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/lisa-mcclain-stock-act-violation"},{"claim":"Jan 7, 2026 PTR: spouse purchased $100,001-$250,000 of private xAI stock on Dec 15, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20033736.pdf"},{"claim":"Sludge: the xAI purchase preceded the Pentagon's Dec 22, 2025 announcement integrating Grok into GenAI.mil; 'There is no public evidence that McClain received nonpublic information.'","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2026/01/14/gop-leaders-family-buys-xai-stock-days-before-pentagon-integration/"},{"claim":"Aug 5, 2026 PTR: spouse purchased $50,001-$100,000 of private Saronic Technologies stock on July 15, 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20035131.pdf"},{"claim":"Oct 22, 2025 PTR: spouse private purchase of SpaceX stock ($100,001-$250,000) alongside dozens of Schwab account trades.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20032129.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Wealth largely predates office: she spent a decade at American Express and helped found the Hantz Group financial-planning firm in 1998. Summing disclosed asset ranges gives roughly $1.8M-$6.9M on her 2021 report and $3.4M-$10.6M on her 2025 report (Greederboard calculation), the largest asset being her spouse's private Hantz Group stock ($1M-$5M, paying $100K-$1M in dividends). Growth is consistent with the family business and markets; no sourced analysis ties it to her office.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual disclosure: spouse's Hantz Group private stock valued $1,000,001-$5,000,000 with $100,001-$1,000,000 dividends; spouse salary from Hantz Financial Services.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10076052.pdf"},{"claim":"2021 annual disclosure used as baseline for asset ranges.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2021/10050199.pdf"},{"claim":"U.S. Chamber bio: 10 years at American Express; helped establish Hantz Group in 1998 as Senior Vice President.","sourceUrl":"https://events.uschamber.com/LMcClain/speaker/198786/lisa-mcclain"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As House Republican Conference Chair (elected Nov 2024) and a Financial Services member, she draws heavy committee money: PACs and other committees supplied $955K of $1.97M (49%) in 2023-24 and $1.45M of $5.24M in the 2025-26 cycle, and her leadership PAC took $382K from other committees. No sourced industry breakdown or documented donor-to-action alignment was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC 2025-26: receipts $5,242,308.95, other-committee contributions $1,454,798, candidate loan repayments $550,000; leadership PAC Lasting Investments Strengthening America PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H0MI10287/?cycle=2026"},{"claim":"FEC: Lasting Investments Strengthening America PAC 2025-26 receipts $738,551, including $382,250 from other committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00764886/"},{"claim":"McClain elected House Republican Conference Chair for the 119th Congress (Nov 13, 2024).","sourceUrl":"https://mcclain.house.gov/2024/11/mcclain-elected-house-republican-conference-chairwoman"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint or finding on personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds was found. Her campaign repaid $550,000 of her own earlier candidate loans in the 2025-26 cycle, which is a disclosed, legal transaction and is not scored here.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC 2025-26 candidate summary lists $550,000 in candidate loan repayments and $0 debts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H0MI10287/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No family lobbying was found. Her spouse draws salary from Hantz Financial Services and profit-sharing from Hantz Group, a financial-services firm, while she sits on the Financial Services Capital Markets subcommittee; no reporting ties the firm to lobbying her office or to official action.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual disclosure lists spouse salary from Hantz Financial Services and profit sharing from Hantz Group.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10076052.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":6,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview records 18 missed of 674 roll calls in the 119th Congress (2.7%), near the ~2% House median, while her campaign raised $5.24M in the 2025-26 cycle. No absence pattern tied to fundraising was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview roll-call data, 119th Congress: 656 votes cast, 18 missed (2.7%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/data"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"J000309","name":"Jonathan L. Jackson","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"IL","score":32,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Jonathan Jackson (D-IL-1) has represented Chicago's South Side since 2023 and sits on the Agriculture and Foreign Affairs committees. His household trades individual stocks actively, mainly through a joint trust and his wife's accounts: 154 transactions since December 2023, worth an estimated $1.9M to $6.1M. He filed late in 2023 and again in 2025, when 31 of his wife's trades were disclosed months past deadline. His disclosed assets are modest, roughly $1.4M to $3.4M, mostly Chicago rental real estate. His 7.7% missed-vote rate in the 119th Congress is well above the House median. No ethics findings, personal-use complaints or family lobbying were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":50,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of 28 House PTRs (Dec 2023 to Aug 2026) shows 154 individual-stock transactions worth an estimated $1.9M to $6.1M, mostly in a joint trust (89) or his wife's accounts (52). Thirty-one of his wife's 2025 trades were filed up to 130 days past the 45-day deadline, and a 2023 joint-trust filing was also late. He sits on the Agriculture subcommittee covering commodity markets and digital assets, and the joint account traded Robinhood (HOOD), whose PAC gave to his campaign. Moderate volume with some committee overlap and repeated late filings.","evidence":[{"claim":"PTR filed Aug 25, 2025 disclosed 33 spouse transactions, including Amazon purchases dated March 3, March 24 and April 23, 2025, in a Morgan Stanley Rollover IRA; Greederboard counts 31 of them as filed more than 45 days after the trade.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030860.pdf"},{"claim":"The Center Square reported that OpenSecrets found Jackson was weeks late disclosing 31 stock trades made by his wife in 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://justthenews.com/nation/states/center-square/push-ban-stock-trading-congress-follows-il-reps-reported-violations"},{"claim":"Raw Story (May 19, 2023) reported Jackson filed late on up to $300,000 in joint-trust stock transactions; he blamed office setup and a change of compliance officer and said he paid the $200 fine.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rawstory.com/raw-investigates/stock-act/"},{"claim":"Joint purchase of $15,001-$50,000 in Robinhood Markets (HOOD) on Oct 8, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20033409.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"His 2025 annual report lists assets of roughly $1.4M to $3.4M (summed from disclosed ranges), up from roughly $1.1M to $2.8M in the 2024 report. The main holdings are three Chicago rental properties and brokerage accounts, offset by a Morgan Stanley credit line of $250K to $500K. Modest growth, consistent with market gains and rental income.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual financial disclosure lists jointly held Chicago rental properties and a Morgan Stanley Liquidity Access Line of $250,001-$500,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10073351.pdf"},{"claim":"2024 annual financial disclosure (filed May 15, 2025) lists smaller asset ranges.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2024/10067052.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"This shows correlation, not proof. Itemized PAC money in 2024 totaled about $308K from a broad mix of unions, business groups and finance. A visible slice came from agriculture and commodity-market interests his Agriculture committee oversees: ADM, Bunge, Cargill, Corteva, sugar-grower PACs, CME Group, Cboe and Robinhood. No documented donor-to-action link.","evidence":[{"claim":"2024 PAC donors to Jonathan Jackson for Congress include CME Group PAC ($5,000), ADM PAC ($5,000), Bunge ($5,000), American Crystal Sugar ($10,000), Cboe PAC and Robinhood Markets PAC ($2,500 each).","sourceUrl":"https://projects.propublica.org/itemizer/committee/C00802603/2024/pac-donations"},{"claim":"FEC shows $142,500 in other-committee contributions out of $418,350 total receipts for 2025-26 (through June 30, 2026); leadership PAC is Marching Onward PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2IL01349/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Jonathan Jackson was found. His brother's 2013 campaign-fund conviction concerns a different person and is not counted here.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying, federal contracts, or staff-to-lobby pipeline tied to his office was found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Voteview data for the 119th Congress shows 52 missed votes out of 674 (7.7%), well above the ~2% House median. His father, Rev. Jesse Jackson, was hospitalized in November 2025 and died Feb 17, 2026; no source ties his absences to that, and no paid-speech or fundraising pattern was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th Congress roll-call data: 622 votes cast, 52 missed (7.7%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/data"},{"claim":"Rev. Jesse Jackson was hospitalized in November 2025 and died Feb 17, 2026; Rep. Jonathan Jackson called him \"my hero.\"","sourceUrl":"https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/hes-my-hero-rep-jonathan-jackson-chokes-up-about-dad-rev-jesse-jackson-as-reaction-pours-in/3894816/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M000355","name":"Mitch McConnell","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"KY","score":31,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Mitch McConnell's household investment portfolio is dominated by Vanguard index funds, ETFs, and money market funds, with only limited individual-stock activity disclosed under the STOCK Act (roughly $1.9M in lifetime individual trades, plus a Wells Fargo position valued $1M-$5M); the mix of small, scattered trades shows no clear pattern of committee-aligned or market-beating timing. The large increase in his reported net worth—from roughly $3 million before 2008 to tens of millions—is attributable primarily to a 2007 inheritance/gift to his wife Elaine Chao from her family following her mother's death, wealth that predates and is unrelated to tenure-based enrichment. Securities and finance interests rank among his top career campaign contributors, a correlation only and not evidence of any quid pro quo. The strongest accountability signals are revolving-door related: a Department of Transportation Inspector General referred ethics concerns about Chao (then DOT Secretary) using staff to assist her family's shipping firm, Foremost Group, to the DOJ, which declined to prosecute, and McConnell's office maintains dense ties to former-aide lobbyists. No FEC findings of personal use of campaign funds were located, and while McConnell has missed votes amid documented health absences, no reliable missed-vote percentage paired with fundraising was retrievable.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Household portfolio is overwhelmingly Vanguard index funds/ETFs and money market funds, but McConnell has disclosed a modest number of individual-stock trades (~$1.9M lifetime) and holds a Wells Fargo position valued $1M-$5M. Trades are small, infrequent, and show no clear committee-aligned or suspicious-timing pattern, though some individual-stock exposure exists.","evidence":[{"claim":"McConnell's disclosed assets are heavily weighted to Vanguard index funds/ETFs (VOO up to $25M, VXUS up to $5M, VFIAX up to $5M) plus a Wells Fargo corporate stock holding valued $1M-$5M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Mitch+McConnell+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"McConnell engaged in select individual-stock transactions totaling ~$1.9M, including sales of Ingersoll Rand and Valvoline (2019), a Lazr/Luminar sale (2025), and small purchases of Wells Fargo (2020) and Kroger (2022).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Mitch+McConnell+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"McConnell's 2022 disclosure lists total assets between roughly $19.8M and $96M, with top holdings being Vanguard ETFs/funds and a single Wells Fargo corporate stock.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/mitch-mcconnell/assets?cid=N00003389&year=2015"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"McConnell's net worth rose from about $3 million before 2008 to tens of millions, but this jump is overwhelmingly attributable to a 2007 inheritance/gift to his wife from her family (a money market fund valued $5M-$25M), which predates the scoring window. There is little evidence of enrichment beyond salary and broad-market returns from office itself.","evidence":[{"claim":"McConnell's net worth was about $3.1 million before 2008, then jumped after a 2008 disclosure listing a Vanguard money market fund valued $5M-$25M described as a gift from a relative.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_wealth"},{"claim":"A McConnell spokesman confirmed the money market fund was an inheritance for Elaine Chao following the 2007 death of her mother, not income from office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/trafficandcommuting/elaine-chao-ig-report/2021/03/03/169d0e36-7c53-11eb-b3d1-9e5aa3d5220c_story.html"},{"claim":"Elaine Chao's father gave the couple gifts reported in the millions, boosting McConnell's personal worth and largely deriving from the Chao family's Foremost Group shipping fortune.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Chao"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Securities/investment and broader finance interests rank among McConnell's top career campaign contributors, and as a longtime Republican leader he shaped finance-relevant legislation and campaign-finance law. This reflects concentration of industry money alongside aligned policy positions; no quid pro quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities & Investment was the top industry contributor to McConnell's Majority Leader joint fundraising committee in 2014 ($114,600), reflecting finance-sector concentration in his fundraising.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/mcconnell-for-the-majority/C00548651/2014/industries"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks McConnell's career top contributing industries and organizations, with finance and lawyers/lobbyists among leading sources.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/mitch-mcconnell/industries?cid=N00003389&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"The McConnell-aligned Senate Leadership Fund super PAC raised over $67M and drove $211M in outside spending in the 2024 cycle, concentrating large donor money around his political network.","sourceUrl":"https://www.factcheck.org/2024/07/senate-leadership-fund-4/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC findings or credible reporting of McConnell using campaign or leadership-PAC funds for personal-benefit categories were located. Searches surfaced only the unrelated McConnell v. FEC Supreme Court case and general FEC personal-use guidance. Absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Searches for FEC personal-use investigations of McConnell returned only the 2003 McConnell v. FEC campaign-finance case and general FEC personal-use rules, with no findings of personal-use violations.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/help-candidates-and-committees/making-disbursements/personal-use/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong revolving-door signals exist. A DOT Inspector General referred ethics concerns about Elaine Chao (then DOT Secretary, McConnell's wife) using government staff to assist her family's shipping firm to the DOJ, which declined to prosecute; the couple has received over $1M in campaign contributions from the Chao family. McConnell's office also has a dense staff-to-lobbyist pipeline.","evidence":[{"claim":"The DOT Inspector General found evidence of potential ethics violations by Elaine Chao for using government employees on private tasks aiding her father's Foremost Group and referred the matter to DOJ, which declined to investigate.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/trafficandcommuting/elaine-chao-ig-report/2021/03/03/169d0e36-7c53-11eb-b3d1-9e5aa3d5220c_story.html"},{"claim":"McConnell's re-election campaigns received more than $1 million from Chao's extended family, including her father and her sister Angela, Foremost's CEO.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2019/06/12/lobbying-politics-washington-congress-elaine-chao-department-transportation"},{"claim":"Former McConnell chief speechwriter Brian McGuire works at lobbying firm Brownstein, and McConnell's office sits within a dense network (~591 links) of firms whose lobbyists have privileged access.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ineteconomics.org/perspectives/blog/the-long-goodbye-mitch-mcconnell-and-big-money-politics"},{"claim":"DOT IG investigated whether Chao improperly steered resources to McConnell's Kentucky but did not find evidence of that specific allegation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.axios.com/2021/03/04/inspector-generals-elaine-chao-ethics"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"McConnell has missed votes during multiple documented health absences (2023 concussion/six-week absence, 2025-2026 hospitalizations), but these appear health-driven rather than fundraising-driven. His personal reelection committee's fundraising fell to multi-year lows in 2024 as he stepped down as leader, weakening any missed-votes-for-fundraising pattern. No reliable missed-vote percentage paired with paid speeches was retrievable.","evidence":[{"claim":"McConnell was hospitalized for five days in March 2023 after a fall (concussion and rib fracture) and did not return to the Senate for almost six weeks, and had further hospitalizations in 2025-2026.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell"},{"claim":"McConnell's reelection committee raised only about $341,000 in the first nine months of 2024, his lowest in years, as he prepared to step down as Senate Republican leader.","sourceUrl":"https://kentuckylantern.com/2024/10/24/mcconnells-fundraising-total-the-lowest-in-years/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"F000459","name":"Charles J. \"Chuck\" Fleischmann","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"TN","score":31,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Chuck Fleischmann (R-TN3), in the House since 2011, chairs the Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and is a leading congressional advocate for nuclear funding at Oak Ridge, areas closely aligned with his largest donor industries (defense/nuclear contractors such as Lockheed Martin and Leidos) — a correlation, not proof of quid pro quo. He had a documented STOCK Act late-disclosure violation in 2021 (DraftKings and Zimmer Biomet trades up to $15,000 each), though his overall individual-stock trading volume appears low. His net worth grew substantially over his tenure (roughly $2.85M in 2009 to ~$5.96M by 2018), partly reflecting pre-office wealth from a 24-year law practice and large bank/investment holdings. He has a strong voting-attendance record (0.6% missed votes), and no public records of campaign-fund personal use or family-lobbying revolving-door conduct were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Documented 2021 STOCK Act violation for late disclosure of a DraftKings purchase and a Zimmer Biomet sale (each up to $15,000). Overall individual-stock trading volume appears low, with no broad pattern of committee-sector trading or evidence of market-beating returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Business Insider reported Fleischmann violated the STOCK Act by failing to properly disclose a DraftKings purchase and a Zimmer Biomet sale, each up to $15,000.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Fleischmann"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative tracks Fleischmann's congressional stock trading; reported individual-trade volume is minimal.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Charles%20J.%20%22Chuck%22%20Fleischmann-F000459"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimates net worth grew from ~$2.85M (2009) to ~$5.96M (2018), roughly doubling over tenure. Much reflects pre-office wealth (law practice, large bank/securities holdings like ~$3M Benjamin Edwards and ~$750K-$825K bank stakes), so growth beyond salary/market is only partly attributable to office and not clearly anomalous.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth was ~$2,850,004 in 2009 and ~$5,958,051 in 2018, ranking 66th in the House.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/chuck-fleischmann/net-worth?cid=N00030815"},{"claim":"Holdings included ~$3M Benjamin Edwards, $750K First Bank & Trust, and other bank/pharma assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/chuck-fleischmann/assets?cid=N00030815"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Defense/nuclear contractors are among his top donors (Lockheed Martin, Leidos), and as Energy & Water Appropriations Subcommittee chair he funnels record funding to Oak Ridge nuclear and defense projects ($810M Uranium Processing Facility, $440M+ cleanup). Strong donor-industry/legislative-action alignment, but no evidence of explicit quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top donors include Leidos ($15,500) and Lockheed Martin ($14,500); he led a group in defense donations at $64,500.","sourceUrl":"https://www.citizensforethics.org/reports-investigations/crew-reports/the-defense-industry-is-the-biggest-supporter-of-the-sedition-caucus/"},{"claim":"As subcommittee chair he secured $810M for the Y-12 Uranium Processing Facility and $440M+ for Oak Ridge cleanup.","sourceUrl":"https://fleischmann.house.gov/issues/nuclear-energy"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records, FEC enforcement matters, or watchdog complaints found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"Campaign committee filings are public via FEC; no personal-use enforcement matter identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00461822/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of family lobbying, contracts tied to his office, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. His wife Brenda co-ran a law practice in Chattanooga; no lobbying ties identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"No lobbying or revolving-door ties found for Fleischmann or his family in available records.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Fleischmann"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only 58 of 9,122 roll-call votes (0.6%) from 2011-2026, well below the 2.1% median. No evidence of heavy paid-speech activity displacing legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 58 of 9,122 roll call votes (0.6%) from Jan 2011 to June 2026, better than the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/charles_fleischmann/412476"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000397","name":"Zoe Lofgren","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":31,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-CA), a long-serving member representing Silicon Valley, states she has never personally traded individual stocks; her only STOCK Act issues stem from late disclosure of her husband's adviser-managed retirement-account trades, which she reported tardily in 2022. Her most substantive accountability concerns are about influence and family ties: she is a top congressional recipient of tech-industry money (Google/Alphabet over $400K, Cisco over $300K lifetime), opposed several 2021-2022 Big Tech antitrust measures while her daughter works as corporate counsel at Google, prompting a conflict-of-interest letter from the Revolving Door Project. Her campaigns also paid roughly $350,000 to law firms operated by her husband during the 2004-2008 cycles, and former staffers have moved into tech-sector government-affairs roles. These items are correlation-based and contested; no formal finding of wrongdoing has been established, and her personal trading record is clean.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lofgren states she has never personally traded individual stocks. The only activity is her husband's adviser-managed retirement-account trades (e.g., Deskworks $100K-250K, Expedia $1K-15K), which she disclosed late, violating STOCK Act deadlines. No personal trading, no committee-timed pattern; score reflects only the disclosure lapse on spousal holdings.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lofgren was late disclosing up to $265,000 of her husband's stock sales (Deskworks, Expedia), violating the STOCK Act; she says she personally never trades individual stocks and the accounts are adviser-managed.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rawstory.com/raw-investigates/stock-act-pelosi-lofgren/"},{"claim":"Aggregated trackers show no individual-stock trade history attributable to Lofgren herself.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Zoe%20Lofgren-L000397"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Available disclosures show an estimated net worth around $3.8M (2018), composed largely of real estate, bond funds, and retirement accounts. No sourced analysis isolates growth beyond salary plus market returns over tenure; pre-office wealth is not scored. Insufficient data to attribute enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets/Quiver track Lofgren's net worth from disclosures (~$3.8M est. 2018), composed of real estate and bond/retirement holdings, with no documented anomalous growth.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/zoe-lofgren/net-worth?cid=N00007479"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":52,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Lofgren is a top recipient of tech-industry money (Internet #3, Electronics #5 in 2021-22; Google/Alphabet >$400K, Cisco >$300K lifetime). She opposed 2021 bipartisan Big Tech antitrust bills and was among 16 Democrats voting against the Merger Filing Fee Modernization Act, aligning with her largest donors. The concentration plus aligned votes is notable but no quid pro quo is established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lofgren ranks as a top recipient from the Internet and Electronics Manufacturing industries; Google is among her largest contributors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/zoe-lofgren/industries?cid=N00007479&cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Lofgren opposed 2021 bipartisan Big Tech antitrust proposals and voted against the Merger Filing Fee Modernization Act, drawing donor-conflict criticism.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoe_Lofgren"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lofgren's campaigns paid roughly $350,000 over the 2004-2008 cycles to two law businesses operated by her husband (Collins and Day; John Marshall Collins P.C.). Paying a spouse's firm for campaign services is legal if for bona fide work at market rate, but routes campaign funds to household benefit. No FEC finding of violation; data is dated.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lofgren's campaign paid ~$350,000 over six years to two businesses operated by her husband, attorney John Collins.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoe_Lofgren"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lofgren's daughter Sheila Collins is corporate counsel at Google (a top donor and antitrust subject), prompting a Revolving Door Project conflict letter. Former staffers moved to tech government-affairs roles: a chief of staff to the Information Technology Industry Council (Amazon/Apple/Google) and an aide to Apple. Family/staff-to-tech pipeline is documented; allegations of any office-driven favoritism remain unproven.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lofgren's daughter is corporate counsel at Google; critics filed a conflict-of-interest letter tying her antitrust positions to the relationship and donor ties.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoe_Lofgren"},{"claim":"Former Lofgren staffers moved into Big Tech government-affairs roles (ITI Council, Apple).","sourceUrl":"https://frankreport.com/2024/02/02/critics-call-on-fbi-to-investigate-lofgrens-ties-to-big-tech-family-hires/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Reporting notes Lofgren tends to miss more votes during reelection years, attributed to personal, family, or medical matters. No sourced data shows an extreme missed-vote rate or paid speech income coinciding with heavy fundraising. Low score reflects a modest, unquantified attendance signal.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lofgren misses additional votes in reelection years, attributing absences to personal/family/medical matters.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/zoe_lofgren/400245"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"W000437","name":"Roger F. Wicker","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"MS","score":30,"coverage":2,"former":false,"summary":"Wicker holds modest individual-stock positions, including Walmart and (reported) Amazon shares in companies under the jurisdiction of the Commerce Committee he formerly chaired — a documented potential conflict, though trackers show essentially no active trading in recent years. As current Armed Services Committee chair, his ties to defense priorities and contractors (with a past earmark-for-donor criticism in 2007) form a donor/policy-alignment flag that is correlation, not proof. No public reporting surfaced on campaign-fund personal use or revolving-door enrichment. His net worth is comparatively modest among senators.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Holds individual stocks including Walmart (and reported Amazon) — companies under the Commerce Committee he chaired — raising committee-sector overlap concerns. However, Capitol Trades shows essentially no tracked trade activity in the last ~3 years, indicating buy-and-hold rather than active/suspicious trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Wicker owned $15K-$50K Amazon and his spouse $15K-$50K Walmart — both under his Commerce Committee's jurisdiction; recent disclosure lists up to $100K Walmart.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Roger+F.+Wicker+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Capitol Trades reports no tracked trade activity for Wicker in the last ~3 years.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/politicians/W000437"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth is comparatively modest (~$758K, 2025); no reliable longitudinal data found isolating anomalous in-office growth. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Wicker's net worth at ~$758K as of Sept 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Roger+F.+Wicker+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As Armed Services chair, defense is a core donor sector; he was criticized in 2007 for a $6M earmark to a defense firm whose executives donated to him. Aligned defense priorities documented, but no quid pro quo established.","evidence":[{"claim":"In 2007 Wicker was criticized for securing a $6M earmark for a defense company whose executives contributed to his campaign.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Wicker"},{"claim":"Wicker chairs the Senate Armed Services Committee, overseeing defense policy and contractors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wicker.senate.gov/committee-assignments"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting found alleging personal use of campaign/leadership-PAC funds. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No specific public reporting found tying family lobbying/contracts or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline to his office. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public data found on elevated missed votes paired with heavy paid speeches/fundraising. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C000059","name":"Ken Calvert","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":30,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Ken Calvert (R-CA-41), a representative since 1993 and current chairman of the House Appropriations Defense Subcommittee, has a comparatively clean record on individual-stock trading; his wealth is concentrated in real estate rather than equities, so STOCK Act concerns are minimal. The most substantive accountability questions center on earmarks (Community Project Funding) he has directed to infrastructure projects located near rental and commercial properties he owns, which prompted a 2022 Office of Congressional Ethics complaint by End Citizens United and LA Times reporting noting properties he allegedly failed to disclose. As defense appropriations chair he is also a top recipient of defense-industry PAC money, a classic correlation (not proof) of money-influence overlap. His missed-vote rate is near the chamber median, and no campaign personal-use or family-lobbying findings surfaced in public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No notable record of active individual-stock trading; Calvert's reported wealth is concentrated in real estate, not equities. Congressional-trade trackers maintain a profile but show negligible STOCK Act trade activity, so direct insider-timing concerns are minimal.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative maintains a Calvert trading/net-worth profile; his disclosed assets are real estate-weighted with no significant individual-stock trade volume flagged.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Ken%20Calvert-C000059/net-worth"},{"claim":"Capitol/Congress trade trackers cover all House members under the STOCK Act; Calvert is not among the active individual-stock traders highlighted.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/ken-calvert/summary?cid=N00007099"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$22.9M (2026), ranking among the wealthier members. Much is pre-existing/real-estate based (not scored), but LA Times reporting and an OCE complaint allege he directed federal earmarks to projects near his own properties, raising questions about office-linked appreciation of those holdings.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Calvert worth ~$22.9M (May 2026), 56th-highest in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Ken%20Calvert-C000059/net-worth"},{"claim":"LA Times reporting raised questions about the extent to which Calvert personally benefits from earmarks he secured near his real estate.","sourceUrl":"https://dccc.org/corrupt-calvert-new-la-times-report-raising-questions-about-the-extent-to-which-ken-calvert-personally-benefits-from-the-earmarks-hes-secured/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":60,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As chairman of the Defense Appropriations Subcommittee, Calvert is a top recipient of defense-industry PAC money (Misc Defense #2, Defense Electronics #3 in 2021-22) and was the single biggest defense-PAC recipient among GOP election objectors, while controlling the bill that funds those same contractors.","evidence":[{"claim":"Defense PACs ramped donations; Calvert, top Republican on the Appropriations Defense Subcommittee, was the biggest defense-PAC recipient among lawmakers who voted against certifying the 2020 election.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/business-a-lobbying/559974-defense-contractors-ramp-up-donations-to-gop-election/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets industry data ranks defense sectors among Calvert's top donor industries (Misc Defense #2, Defense Electronics #3, 2021-22).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/ken-calvert/industries?cid=N00007099&cycle=2022"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found documenting use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit. Absence of findings is not treated as a violation.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee filings for Ken Calvert For Congress are publicly available; no personal-use enforcement findings surfaced in searches.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00257337/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No documented family-lobbying or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. However, an OCE complaint and reporting allege conflicts where Calvert directed earmarks toward infrastructure projects near rental/commercial properties he personally owns (e.g., Corona Transit Center near seven of his parcels; I-15 and Magnolia Ave projects near undisclosed properties), a private-benefit conflict tied to his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"End Citizens United filed an OCE complaint alleging Calvert failed to disclose properties and steered earmarked funds to boost their value.","sourceUrl":"https://admin.endcitizensunited.org/latest-news/press-releases/end-citizens-united-files-complaint-with-office-of-congressional-ethics-against-rep-ken-calvert/"},{"claim":"Washington Post/LA Times reporting tied $1.2M for the Corona Transit Center to a site near seven Calvert-owned parcels, and recent CPF earmarks near undisclosed properties.","sourceUrl":"https://dccc.org/corrupt-calvert-new-la-times-report-raising-questions-about-the-extent-to-which-ken-calvert-personally-benefits-from-the-earmarks-hes-secured/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed only 512 of 20,947 roll-call votes (2.4%) from 1993 to June 2026, on par with the 2.1% chamber median. No evidence of heavy paid-speech income displacing legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Calvert missed 2.4% of votes (512/20,947) over his career, near the chamber median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ken_calvert/400057"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001137","name":"Gregory W. Meeks","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"NY","score":30,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Gregory Meeks (D-NY-05), a senior House Financial Services Committee member and Foreign Affairs Ranking Member, shows no documented individual-stock trading in major trackers, so the stock-trading component scores zero. His record includes substantive, sourced accountability concerns: a 2008 FEC conciliation agreement in which his campaign paid a $63,000 penalty and he personally refunded $16,958 for campaign funds spent on personal expenses (personal trainer, vehicle lease), and a 2012 House Ethics finding that he failed to disclose a $40,000 loan from associate Edul Ahmad for several years (found inadvertent, not willful). Securities and investment industry money is concentrated in his donor base given his Financial Services seat, and he co-sponsors capital-markets legislation aligned with that sector (correlation, not proof of quid pro quo). His lifetime missed-vote rate of roughly 7.3% is notably above the chamber median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading documented. MarketBeat shows 'No trade activity'; Quiver lists no executed trades. Per rubric, absence scores 0.","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat congressional tracker shows 'No trade activity' for Meeks across all periods.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/gregory-meeks/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative profile lists no executed individual-stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Gregory%20W.%20Meeks-M001137"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Meeks reported near-zero net worth for years (e.g., ~$65,501 in 2004; zero in 2010-2013 filings), drawing press scrutiny that he 'lives large' relative to disclosed assets. No clear documented growth-beyond-salary metric; flagged low for disclosure questions but not strongly evidenced.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets/press: Meeks reported scant assets and a net worth near zero in multiple filings; NY Post questioned his lifestyle vs. disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/gregory-meeks/net-worth?cid=N00001171&year=2004"},{"claim":"Wikipedia summary of disclosure scrutiny and near-zero net worth filings.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_Meeks"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Securities & Investment ranked his top industry ($254,450 in 2019-20); KKR a major donor. As senior Financial Services member he co-sponsors capital-markets bills (e.g., INVEST Act) aligned with that sector's interests.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities & Investment was Meeks's top industry ($254,450, 2019-20 cycle); he sits on Financial Services.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/gregory-meeks/summary?cid=N00001171"},{"claim":"Meeks co-introduced capital-markets/INVEST Act capital-formation legislation as senior Financial Services member.","sourceUrl":"https://meeks.house.gov/issues/financial-services"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"2008 FEC conciliation agreement: campaign spent $16,958 on Meeks's personal expenses (personal trainer $6,230; vehicle lease/repairs $9,812; undocumented charges $916). Meeks refunded that amount; campaign paid $63,000 civil penalty. Concrete documented personal use, though dated.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC agreement: campaign improperly spent $16,958 on personal expenses; $63,000 penalty; Meeks refunded the amount.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/updates/fec-meeks-campaign-and-congressman-meeks-reach-agreement-on-campaign-finance-violations/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"2012 Ethics finding: Meeks failed to disclose a $40,000 loan from associate Edul Ahmad (later convicted of mortgage fraud) on 2007-2009 filings; loan lacked normal terms. Committee found errors inadvertent, not an impermissible gift. No clear staff-to-lobbyist pipeline documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"House Ethics found Meeks failed to disclose $40,000 Ahmad loan on 2007-09 filings; Ahmad later pleaded guilty to fraud.","sourceUrl":"https://ethics.house.gov/press-releases/statement-chairman-and-ranking-member-committee-ethics-regarding-representative-3/"},{"claim":"OCE referral noted the Ahmad transfer lacked normal loan indicia and may have been a gift.","sourceUrl":"https://conduct.house.gov/reports/investigations/oce-referral-regarding-rep-gregory-meeks-0"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate ~7.3% (1,306 of 17,798), notably above the ~2.1% median for sitting members, per GovTrack. No paid-speech data found; elevated absences drive a moderate score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Meeks missed 7.3% of roll-call votes (1,306/17,798) Feb 1998-May 2026, vs. ~2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/gregory_meeks/400271"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001111","name":"Patty Murray","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"WA","score":30,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Murray (D-WA, since 1993) has a moderate profile. Stock trades (~161, ~$1.3M) look advisor-managed, not self-directed; net worth ~$1.5-3.9M is mid-pack. Clearest findings are structural: top lobbyist/Boeing donor recipient and 17+ ex-aides turned lobbyists tied to earmarks. Missed votes 2.6% (typical); no campaign personal-use found. Money findings are correlation, not proof.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"~161 STOCK Act trades (~$1.3M) across a uniform blue-chip basket indicating an advisor-managed account; disclosures emphasize mutual funds. No timing/sector exploitation found.","evidence":[{"claim":"~161 PTRs ~$1.3M across many sectors in uniform lots.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congressstock.com/politicians/patty-murray/net-worth"},{"claim":"Disclosures emphasize mutual funds, largest Fidelity Balanced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/patty-murray/net-worth?cid=N00007876"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth $1.53-3.89M (2023), below Senate median; growth consistent with salary/markets. No anomaly.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 net worth $1.53-3.89M, below median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/patty-murray/net-worth?cid=N00007876"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":48,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Top lobbyist recipient (~$605K since 2005), No.1 air-transport beneficiary; Boeing $53,550+. No quid pro quo documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"No.1 air-transport recipient; Boeing $53,550+ since 2009.","sourceUrl":"https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/lobbyists-are-sen-murrays-biggest-donors/"},{"claim":"Lobbyists gave ~$605K to campaign/PAC since 2005.","sourceUrl":"https://www.seattleweekly.com/news/pork-pillow-politics/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No personal-use allegations found. Not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC records public; no personal-use findings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00257642/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"17+ ex-staffers became lobbyists; nine of her earmarks ($19.5M) went to their clients. Spousal SSA tie flagged as possible Rule 37 conflict.","evidence":[{"claim":"17+ ex-aides lobbyists; nine earmarks $19.5M to their clients.","sourceUrl":"https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/patty-murrays-former-aides-cash-in-on-connection/"},{"claim":"Spousal SSA tie flagged as possible conflict.","sourceUrl":"https://www.seattleweekly.com/news/pork-pillow-politics/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 2.6% of votes (300/11,665), near Senate median. No heavy paid-speech displacement found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 2.6% of votes, near median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/patty_murray/300076"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001198","name":"Roger Marshall","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"KS","score":30,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Roger Marshall (R-KS), a physician elected to the House in 2016 and the Senate in 2020, has a moderate record of individual-stock activity tied to his household, including a documented STOCK Act late-filing: stock purchases (Chevron, Disney) by his dependent children in 2020 were disclosed in September 2021, more than a year past the 45-day deadline. Quiver Quantitative parses up to roughly $5.7M of trades from his filings, though much of his wealth sits in a spouse-held private company (Farmers Enterprises) and mutual funds rather than actively traded single stocks. His campaign donor base concentrates in health/pharmaceutical and agriculture industries that overlap his Senate HELP and Agriculture committee seats, a correlation (not proof) of influence given his drug-pricing and ag positions. No public records were found of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying/contracts, or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline, and his vote-attendance record (~2.9% missed) is on par with the Senate median, so those components score low for absence of evidence rather than a clean affirmative finding.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Household holds and trades individual stocks; Quiver parses up to ~$5.7M of trades. A confirmed STOCK Act violation: dependent children's 2020 Chevron/Disney purchases (up to $15K each) disclosed Sept 2021, >1 year late. Holdings span Twitter, Microsoft, Alibaba, Treasuries. Some sector overlap with finance/health committee work, but no documented evidence of trades timed to nonpublic information or systematic market-beating returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Marshall's dependent children's Feb-July 2020 Chevron and Disney stock purchases (up to $15K each) were disclosed in Sept 2021, over a year past the 45-day STOCK Act deadline.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro_news/2835/sen-marshall-didnt-report-stock-transactions-on-time.html"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative has data on up to $5.7M of trades parsed from Marshall's STOCK Act filings, including Twitter, Microsoft, and Alibaba positions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Roger+Marshall+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated ~$7.3M net worth (2018); 2019 disclosure showed assets of $3.9M-$12.2M and a midpoint estimate near $3.8M. Most wealth is a spouse-held private company (Farmers Enterprises, $1M-$5M) and mutual funds predating office. Ranges are wide and overlapping; no clear evidence of growth beyond salary/market attributable to office. Much is pre-office wealth, which is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Marshall's 2018 net worth at ~$7.26M; his 2019 disclosure reported assets of $3.9M to nearly $12.2M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/roger-marshall/net-worth?cid=N00037034"},{"claim":"His most valuable asset is spouse-held Farmers Enterprises, Inc. (non-public, $1M-$5M), plus mutual funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Roger+Marshall+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Marshall, a physician, sits on the Senate HELP, Agriculture, and Finance committees; his donor base concentrates in pharmaceutical/health-products and agribusiness industries that those panels regulate. His positions favor industry-aligned outcomes on drug pricing and Medicaid. The donor-committee-sector overlap is structural; no specific quid pro quo is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Marshall serves on the Senate Agriculture, Finance, Budget, and HELP committees, overlapping his health/pharma and agriculture donor industries.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Marshall"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Marshall's industry contributions, with health/pharmaceutical and agriculture among recurring sources.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/roger-marshall/summary?cid=N00037034"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of Marshall using campaign committee (Kansans for Marshall) or any leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit, and no FEC complaint or reimbursement controversy surfaced. Absence of evidence; not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Marshall's principal campaign committee is Kansans for Marshall; no personal-use findings appear in FEC candidate records reviewed.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S0KS00315/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of family members lobbying or holding office-tied contracts, nor a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. LegiStorm tracks his staff but no specific revolving-door findings surfaced. Absence of evidence; not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm maintains Marshall's staff directory; no documented family-lobbying or staff-to-lobbyist findings were identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/3141/name/Roger_Marshall.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Marshall missed 72 of 2,469 roll-call votes (2.9%) from Jan 2017-June 2026, on par with the Senate median (2.8%). No evidence of heavy paid-speech income or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Attendance is unremarkable; low score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Marshall missed 2.9% of roll-call votes (72 of 2,469), in line with the 2.8% median for currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/roger_marshall/412704"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001277","name":"Richard Blumenthal","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"CT","score":29,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Richard Blumenthal (D-CT) is among the Senate's wealthiest members, but the bulk of that wealth derives from his wife Cynthia Malkin's family real estate empire (Empire State Realty Trust), which predates and is largely independent of his office and is therefore not scored as office-related enrichment. His household reports substantial individual securities trades—including 2021 Robinhood purchases/sales and 2022 buys of Amazon, Alphabet, Microsoft and Intel—held through Malkin family trusts and funds that his office says neither he nor his wife controls; nonetheless these are disclosable and overlap with the tech and consumer-protection matters before his Commerce and Judiciary committees. He failed to disclose a December 2021 Robinhood sale within the STOCK Act's 45-day window, drawing an ethics watchdog complaint; the Robinhood trades occurred while he publicly called for scrutiny of the platform, a notable timing correlation though not proof of self-dealing. His top campaign industry is lawyers/law firms (about $1.4M in 2019-2024), consistent with his former-attorney-general profile. His Senate attendance is strong (about 1.0% missed votes, better than the median), and public records surfaced no evidence of campaign-fund personal use or of immediate family lobbying his office.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Household reports large individual securities trades via wife's Malkin family trusts/funds (his office says he and his wife lack control, but they are STOCK-Act-disclosable). Includes 2021 Robinhood buys/sells of roughly $1.27M-$2.55M with an estimated $500k+ gain, and Jan 2022 purchases of $250k-$500k each in Amazon, Alphabet, Microsoft, Intel—sectors his Commerce/Judiciary committees oversee. A Dec 2021 Robinhood sale was disclosed late (56 days vs 45-day limit). Robinhood trades coincided with his public calls to investigate the platform. Score elevated by size, sector overlap, and timing; moderated because trades are held in family trusts he asserts he does not direct.","evidence":[{"claim":"Blumenthal household bought and sold $1.265M-$2.55M of Robinhood shares in 2021 with an estimated profit of at least $500,000, via a Malkin family fund; a Dec 8, 2021 sale was disclosed Feb 2, 2022—56 days later, exceeding the STOCK Act's 45-day window.","sourceUrl":"https://freebeacon.com/democrats/blumenthal-bought-robinhood-shares-as-he-called-for-congress-to-investigate-gamestop-trading-frenzy/"},{"claim":"A fund controlled by Blumenthal's in-laws bought $250,000-$500,000 each of Microsoft, Amazon, Intel and Alphabet on Jan 31, 2022; his spokeswoman said he 'owns no individual stock' and 'had nothing to do with these stock trades.'","sourceUrl":"https://freebeacon.com/democrats/richard-blumenthal-denies-owning-stocks-his-portfolio-tells-a-different-story/"},{"claim":"The tech holdings pose a potential conflict because Blumenthal sits on the Senate Commerce and Judiciary Committees, which have worked on legislation affecting those tech companies.","sourceUrl":"https://www.discoverthenetworks.org/news/blumenthal-denies-owning-stocks-despite-multimillion-dollar-stock-disclosure/"},{"claim":"The Malkin fund purchased $500,000-$1,000,000 of Robinhood shares on Feb 1, 2021, the same day Blumenthal called on Congress and consumer groups to investigate the Robinhood-fueled stock craze.","sourceUrl":"https://dailycaller.com/2022/02/10/richard-blumenthal-traded-robinhood-stock-demanding-investigation-stock-act/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth is estimated well above $80M-$100M, ranking among the Senate's richest. However, the overwhelming majority derives from his wife Cynthia Malkin's inherited family real estate empire (Empire State Realty Trust / Malkin Holdings), which predates and is independent of his Senate office. Per the rubric, pre-office and spousal-inherited wealth is not scored as office-driven enrichment; no sourced evidence shows net-worth growth beyond market returns attributable to his office. Low score reflects absence of office-linked enrichment, not absence of wealth.","evidence":[{"claim":"Blumenthal is one of the Senate's wealthiest members, with most wealth derived from his wife's family; the Malkins are real estate developers with an ownership stake in the Empire State Building, and his father-in-law Peter Malkin chairs Malkin Holdings/Empire State Realty Trust.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Blumenthal"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finances page tracks Blumenthal's reported net worth, which is largely tied to family real estate holdings rather than Senate salary.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/richard-blumenthal/net-worth?cid=N00031685"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Blumenthal's top industry donor is lawyers/law firms (~$1.43M, 2019-2024 cycle), aligning with his former-attorney-general and Judiciary Committee profile. Several tech firms in his household's portfolio (Microsoft ~$16k, Amazon ~$5k, Intel ~$2.5k) have donated while he serves on Commerce/Judiciary and has both advanced tech-oversight bills and held tech stock. AIPAC-aligned contributions (~$148k) also appear. These are concentration/alignment correlations; no quid-pro-quo is asserted or shown.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lawyers/Law Firms was Blumenthal's top industry contributor at $1,429,888 for 2019-2024; AIPAC contributed about $148,013.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/richard-blumenthal/summary?cid=N00031685&cycle=2024&type=C"},{"claim":"Microsoft ($16,000 since 2017), Intel ($2,500 in 2020) and Amazon ($5,000 in 2016)—companies in the family-fund portfolio—have contributed to his campaigns while he sits on committees overseeing tech and cosponsored 2022 tech-oversight legislation.","sourceUrl":"https://freebeacon.com/democrats/richard-blumenthal-denies-owning-stocks-his-portfolio-tells-a-different-story/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced public record found of Blumenthal campaign or leadership-PAC funds being spent on personal-benefit categories, and no FEC investigation into personal use was identified. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC records for Blumenthal for Connecticut (C00492991) and related committees show standard campaign disbursements; no reporting of personal-use findings was located.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00492991/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets lists 'Jordan Blumenthal' and 'Bill Blumenthal' in its revolving-door/lobbyist databases, but available records do not establish that either is the senator's immediate family member or that they lobby his office; Jordan Blumenthal's recent role was White House counsel (2024-25), and Bill Blumenthal lobbies on insurance for State Farm. His son Matt Blumenthal is a Connecticut state representative, not a federal lobbyist. No sourced evidence ties family lobbying or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline directly to his Senate office. Low score reflects weak/unconfirmed linkage.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains revolving-door profiles for individuals named Jordan Blumenthal and Bill Blumenthal; their lobbying work (e.g., Becker & Poliakoff; State Farm insurance) is not shown to be connected to Senator Blumenthal's office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving-door/blumenthal-bill/summary?id=35302"},{"claim":"Jordan H. Blumenthal's recent listed position was Senior Deputy Associate Counsel in the Biden White House (May 2024-Jan 2025), not lobbying the senator's office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/203511/Jordan_H_Blumenthal.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: Blumenthal missed about 56 of 5,421 roll-call votes (1.0%) from Jan 2011 to mid-2026, better than the 2.8% median for sitting senators. No sourced evidence links missed votes to fundraising events or paid speeches. Low score reflects a strong attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"From Jan 2011 to June 2026 Blumenthal missed 56 of 5,421 roll-call votes (1.0%), better than the 2.8% median among currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/richard_blumenthal/412490"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M000934","name":"Jerry Moran","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"KS","score":29,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Jerry Moran is an active individual-stock investor whose disclosures show a STOCK Act compliance lapse (an unreported 2021 Costco sale of up to $30,000) and committee-sector overlap, as he holds tech equities like Alphabet while serving on the Commerce Committee and chairing the Appropriations CJS subcommittee — a correlation, not proof of wrongdoing. His net worth roughly doubled from about $777,000 (2011) to a $1M-$2.8M range (2023), broadly consistent with market appreciation of pre-existing oil/gas, insurance, and securities assets rather than demonstrable office-driven enrichment. No FEC personal-use enforcement actions or family-lobbying contracts surfaced, though a longtime chief of staff moved to a lobbying firm (Ogilvy) — a common revolving-door pattern. His lifetime missed-vote rate of 7.6% is notably above the Senate median of 2.8%, the clearest negative data point on the job-attendance metric.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Active individual-stock trader (Alphabet, Berkshire, Costco, Exxon, plus ETFs/funds). Committee-sector overlap: holds tech equities while on Commerce Committee and chairing Appropriations CJS subcommittee. Documented STOCK Act lapse: an up-to-$30,000 Costco sale (Jan 27, 2021) by Moran and spouse went unreported in a required PTR. No published market-beating-return analysis found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moran failed to file a required PTR for an up-to-$30,000 Costco stock sale on Jan 27, 2021 by him and his spouse.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2022/05/25/three-more-senators-violated-the-stock-act/"},{"claim":"Moran disclosed individual-stock trades including Alphabet and Berkshire Hathaway while sitting on committees overseeing tech.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Congress+Trade:+Senator+Jerry+Moran+Just+Disclosed+New+Stock+Trades"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth roughly doubled from ~$777,000 (2011) to a disclosed $1M-$2.8M range (2023). Growth is broadly consistent with market appreciation of pre-office assets (oil/gas, Hanston Insurance Agency, Exxon, securities); no evidence of growth beyond salary+market returns. Pre-office wealth not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moran's estimated net worth was ~$777,009 in 2011, rising to roughly $1.76M (2018) and a $1M-$2.81M range by 2023.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/jerry-moran/net-worth?cid=N00005282"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Moran chairs the Appropriations CJS subcommittee and sits on Commerce; he sponsors AI/tech and small-business legislation while holding tech equities and receiving industry contributions. No specific quid-pro-quo evidence; alignment reflects ordinary committee-jurisdiction and home-state (aviation/ag) interests.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moran is a senior Commerce Committee member sponsoring AI bills (Small Business AI Training Act, NSF AI Education Act) in 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.commerce.senate.gov/2026/2/cantwell-moran-reintroduce-bill-to-help-small-business-leverage-ai-tools"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Moran's career industry contributions by sector.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/jerry-moran/industries?cid=N00005282&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC Matter Under Review, enforcement action, or credible reporting of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit was found. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record for Jerry Moran shows no surfaced personal-use enforcement actions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S0KS00091/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Moran's longtime chief of staff moved to lobbying firm Ogilvy Government Relations (2017) — a standard staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. No evidence of family members lobbying or contracts tied to his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ogilvy Government Relations hired Moran's longtime chief of staff in April 2017.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/51535/Gerald_Wesley_Moran/hashkey/cddbab38.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 7.6% (414 of 5,432 roll calls, 1997-2026), markedly above the 2.8% median of current senators. No evidence of heavy paid-speech income; elevated score driven by the attendance gap alone.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moran missed 414 of 5,432 roll-call votes (7.6%), vs a 2.8% median for current senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jerry_moran/400284"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"A000372","name":"Rick W. Allen","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"GA","score":29,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rick Allen (R-GA-12), a House member since 2015 who sits on the Energy & Commerce and Education & Workforce committees, maintains an actively traded securities portfolio managed by outside advisers that his office says trade \"without his direct input.\" Public reporting documents at least two apparent STOCK Act violations: Business Insider found undisclosed 2020 holdings and a ~15-month-late spouse trade, and Raw Story/AJC reported he filed 136 transactions worth roughly $3.05M-$8.56M years late in August 2023, some up to six-and-a-half years overdue. Several traded sectors (energy utilities such as Dominion and NextEra, oil majors like ExxonMobil and Phillips 66, and telecom like Verizon) overlap with matters before his Energy & Commerce committee, though no quid-pro-quo is alleged and no market-beating returns are documented. Allen is among the wealthier members of Congress, but his wealth substantially predates office, deriving from a construction business he founded in 1976 and a ~$1M self-funded 2014 primary, so net-worth growth attributable to office is not clearly demonstrated. His voting attendance is strong (1.4% missed votes, better than the chamber median), and no evidence of campaign-fund personal use, FEC complaints, or family lobbying was found, aside from one former staffer who became a Walmart lobbyist. Allen attributed the disclosure failures to a former compliance firm and said he engaged new counsel and worked with the House Ethics Committee.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Active household securities trading via managed accounts spanning 41-plus companies (reported figures range from 81 trades/$2.4M to 136 transactions/$3.05M-$8.56M). Repeated STOCK Act late-filing violations (2021 and 2024), including spouse trades, with some disclosures years late. Holdings overlap his Energy & Commerce committee jurisdiction (energy utilities, oil/gas, telecom), though trades are described as adviser-directed and no market-beating returns are documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Allen filed 136 stock and financial transactions worth $3.05M-$8.56M years late on his 2023 disclosure, some up to six-and-a-half years overdue, including energy stocks (Dominion, ExxonMobil, NextEra, Phillips 66) and telecom (Verizon).","sourceUrl":"https://www.rawstory.com/georgia-politics-congress-stock-act/"},{"claim":"AJC reported the 136 late-filed transactions ($3.05M-$8.56M); Allen's office said trades are 'made on his behalf by investment managers and without his direct input,' and the filing was done in consultation with the House Ethics Committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ajc.com/politics/delayed-reporting-of-stock-transactions-draws-scrutiny-to-rep-rick-allen/WZWZWARWUNGBJH5OTVCLEWJIFQ/"},{"claim":"Earlier (2021) violation: Allen failed to disclose holdings in seven companies (up to $140,000) and was ~15 months late reporting a June 2020 stock purchase by his wife.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_Allen_(politician)"},{"claim":"MarketBeat profile lists 81 trades, $2.43M volume, across 41 companies spanning healthcare, technology, financials and Treasuries.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/rick-allen/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Allen is among Congress's wealthier members (estimated $17M-$87M in 2018; ~$23M in 2026), but his wealth substantially predates his 2015 entry to office, deriving from a construction company founded in 1976 and a ~$1M self-funded 2014 primary. No sourced evidence shows net-worth growth beyond market returns attributable to office, so per the rubric pre-office wealth is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Allen founded R.W. Allen & Associates construction company in 1976 and spent nearly $1 million of his own money to win the 2014 GOP primary; a spokesperson said he divested his majority stake years before becoming a lawmaker.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_Allen_(politician)"},{"claim":"Estimated net worth ~$23.2 million as of February 2026, ranking 55th in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Rick%20W.%20Allen-A000372/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: Allen sits on Energy & Commerce, which oversees energy and telecom, and his disclosed portfolio includes energy-utility, oil/gas and telecom names; campaign finance is partly tracked via OpenSecrets/FEC. Detailed industry-donor totals are not published in a sourced form, limiting the ability to quantify donor concentration aligned to votes. No quid-pro-quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Allen serves on the House Committee on Energy and Commerce (subcommittees on Communications & Technology, Environment/Manufacturing/Critical Minerals, Innovation/Data/Commerce) and Education & Workforce.","sourceUrl":"https://energycommerce.house.gov/representatives/allen"},{"claim":"His late-disclosed holdings include energy and telecom companies within his committee's jurisdiction.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rawstory.com/georgia-politics-congress-stock-act/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains his campaign finance and industry-donor profile (FEC-sourced).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/richard-w-allen/summary?cid=N00033720"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal-benefit categories, and no FEC complaint or investigation into personal use was found. Per rubric, absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee record for Rick W. Allen for Congress (C00504019) exists; no personal-use enforcement or complaint surfaced in searches.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00504019/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"One documented staff-to-lobbyist instance: Allen's former legislative director Katie Mercer was reported lobbying for Walmart. No evidence of family members lobbying or contracting tied to his office was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Allen's former legislative director, Katie Mercer, was reported working as a lobbyist for Walmart (2023).","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/3072/name/Rick_Allen.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong voting attendance undercuts any job-vs-fundraising concern: Allen missed only 87 of 6,281 roll-call votes (1.4%) from January 2015 to May 2026, better than the median of 2.1% for current representatives. No evidence of heavy paid-speech or fundraising-driven absences.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2015 to May 2026, Rep. Allen missed 87 of 6,281 roll call votes (1.4%), better than the 2.1% median for sitting representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/rick_allen/412625"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001217","name":"Rick Scott","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"FL","score":29,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rick Scott (R-FL) is consistently ranked among the wealthiest members of Congress, with 2023 disclosures showing assets between roughly $271 million and $808 million and third-party trackers estimating around $500-550 million; most of the wealth predates his Senate tenure, originating from his time as CEO of hospital chain Columbia/HCA, and much of the apparent post-2018 growth reflects newly required disclosure of assets held in his wife's name. Trading trackers credit him with roughly 287 transactions and about $164.8 million in volume, but recent disclosed activity is concentrated in municipal and government bonds, and a 2025 viral claim of $26M in late stock disclosures was fact-checked as false. OpenSecrets shows he ranks as a top donor recipient from for-profit prisons, home builders, defense electronics, and for-profit education, industries that partly overlap his committee assignments, though this is a correlation rather than proof of any quid-pro-quo, and he self-funded large shares of his campaigns. GovTrack records show near-typical attendance, missing 3.2% of votes versus a 2.8% median. No sourced evidence was found of campaign-fund personal use or family/staff revolving-door lobbying, and Scott co-sponsored a bipartisan bill to permanently ban former members from lobbying.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Trackers credit Scott with roughly 287 disclosed transactions and an estimated total trading volume near $164.8 million (about 203 purchases vs. 84 sales), making him one of the higher-volume traders in Congress. However, the bulk of recent disclosed activity is concentrated in county/municipal and government bonds rather than individual corporate equities; a widely shared August 2025 claim that he reported $26M in trades 'over a year late' was fact-checked as false (the filings were amendments duplicating timely original reports, mostly municipal securities). His blind-trust holdings have historically included individual stocks such as Exxon Mobil, Raytheon and General Dynamics, much held in his wife's accounts.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scott has disclosed roughly 287 trades with an estimated total volume of ~$164.8 million (about 203 buys, 84 sells), among the more active congressional traders.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Rick%20Scott-S001217"},{"claim":"The viral claim that Scott disclosed $26M in stock trades over a year late was rated false; the documents were amendments duplicating timely original 2024 reports, and the trades were municipal securities (bonds), not company stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/rick-scott-stock-trades/"},{"claim":"Scott's blind trust held individual equities including Exxon Mobil, Raytheon and General Dynamics, with about 91% of equity investments mirrored in his wife's trusts/accounts, plus dozens of municipal bonds.","sourceUrl":"https://floridapolitics.com/archives/270108-rick-scott-blind-trust/"},{"claim":"Capitol Trades maintains a transaction-by-transaction record of Scott's reported trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/politicians/S001217"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Scott is consistently ranked the wealthiest or among the wealthiest members of Congress, with disclosure-based estimates ranging from a 2018 figure around $200-260 million to 2023-2024 disclosure ranges of roughly $271 million to $808 million, and third-party trackers (Quiver) citing ~$500-550 million. Reporting attributes most of the apparent 'growth' since 2018 to newly required disclosure of assets held in his wife's name rather than to clearly identified new earnings, and the wealth predates the Senate (Columbia/HCA fortune). Because top-bracket assets are all reported as 'over $1 million,' precise growth attributable to his tenure cannot be cleanly separated from broad-market returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scott's 2023 financial disclosure showed assets ranging from about $271 million to $808 million; he is frequently ranked the richest senator.","sourceUrl":"https://www.jewelbeat.com/rick-scott-net-worth/"},{"claim":"A 2018 federal filing put Scott's fortune potentially upwards of $500 million; much variation stems from assets held in his wife's name now being disclosed.","sourceUrl":"https://subscriber.politicopro.com/article/2018/07/27/federal-disclosure-scotts-net-worth-upwards-of-500m-533760"},{"claim":"Scott's wealth originated as CEO of hospital chain Columbia/HCA, which later pleaded guilty to felonies and paid a $1.7 billion Medicare-fraud fine, predating his political career.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_Scott"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Scott's personal net worth via annual disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/rick-scott/net-worth?cid=N00043290"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Per OpenSecrets, Scott ranks as a top recipient in the 2023-2024 cycle from for-profit correctional/prison facilities (#1), home builders (#1), defense electronics (#2), for-profit K-12 education & child care (#2), general contractors (#2), and beer/wine/liquor (#3). His committee assignments (Armed Services, Homeland Security, Budget, Aging) overlap with some donor industries such as defense electronics. Notably, Scott self-funded a large share of his campaigns (about three-quarters of his 2018 race, ~$63.6M of his own money, and ~46% of 2019-2024 funds), which reduces relative dependence on outside industry money. No quid-pro-quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scott was a top 2023-2024 recipient from for-profit prisons (#1), home builders (#1), defense electronics (#2), for-profit K-12/child care (#2), general contractors (#2), and beer/wine/liquor (#3).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/rick-scott/industries?cid=N00043290&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Scott self-funded about three-quarters of his 2018 Senate campaign, roughly $63.6 million of his own money out of an $84.7M haul.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/420635-rick-scott-funded-three-quarters-of-senate-campaign-to-tune-of-636-million/"},{"claim":"Scott serves on Armed Services, Homeland Security, Budget, Foreign Relations, and the Special Committee on Aging.","sourceUrl":"https://www.aging.senate.gov/press-releases/chairman-rick-scott-leads-aging-committee-hearing-on-modernizing-health-care-through-price-transparency-and-shoppable-services-to-improve-outcomes-and-lower-costs"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets summary tracks Scott's overall campaign-finance and donor data.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/rick-scott/summary?cid=N00043290"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced public records were found documenting personal-benefit spending (personal travel, dining, club memberships, or family payroll) from Scott's campaign committees or leadership PAC (Team Rick Scott). OpenSecrets and FEC pages track expenditures, but searches surfaced no itemized findings of personal use. A Campaign Legal Center case (ECU v. FEC) involves alleged coordination with a super PAC during his 2018 race, which is a coordination/legal-loophole question rather than personal use of funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains expenditure records for Scott's Team Rick Scott PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/C00692343/summary/2024"},{"claim":"Campaign Legal Center's ECU v. FEC case concerns alleged coordination between Scott and a super PAC in 2018, not personal use of campaign funds.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/cases-actions/opposing-special-interest-loopholes-campaign-finance-law-enforcement-ecu-v-fec-rick"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No sourced records were found of immediate family members lobbying tied to Scott's office, a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline, or post-office lobbying (he remains in office). To the contrary, in May 2026 Scott co-introduced the bipartisan BLAST Act with Sen. Elizabeth Warren to permanently ban former members of Congress from lobbying. Absence of adverse evidence is treated as low, not high.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scott co-introduced a bipartisan bill with Sen. Elizabeth Warren to permanently ban former members of Congress from becoming lobbyists.","sourceUrl":"https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-rick-scott-introduce-bipartisan-bill-to-ban-former-members-of-congress-from-lobbying"},{"claim":"Scott's office described the BLAST Act as replacing cooling-off periods with a permanent lobbying ban.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rickscott.senate.gov/2026/5/sens-rick-scott-elizabeth-warren-introduce-bill-to-permanently-ban-members-of-congress-from-lobbying"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"GovTrack data shows Scott missed 102 of 3,188 roll-call votes (3.2%) from January 2019 through mid-2026, roughly on par with the ~2.8% median for sitting senators. There is no sourced evidence of habitual absenteeism paired with heavy paid speaking; he is largely self-funded rather than reliant on intensive outside fundraising. Attendance is near-typical, so the score is low.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scott missed 102 of 3,188 roll-call votes (3.2%) from January 2019 to June 2026, near the 2.8% median of currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/rick_scott/412838"},{"claim":"Scott self-financed about 46% of his 2019-2024 campaign funds, reducing reliance on outside fundraising activity.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00043290"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H000273","name":"John W. Hickenlooper","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"CO","score":29,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Sen. John Hickenlooper (D-CO) holds a large, actively traded portfolio (parsed STOCK Act filings show up to ~$22.9M in transactions) that his office characterizes as a \"blind trust,\" though it has not been certified as a qualified blind trust by the Senate Ethics Committee. He drew scrutiny in 2026 for late STOCK Act disclosures (a wife's Liberty Broadband sale, a dependent child's Palantir sale) and for a $150K-$350K Uber purchase while serving on the Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, which has jurisdiction over rideshare. He says he does not direct trades, and he co-sponsors the Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act. His missed-vote rate (2.0%) is better than the Senate median, and the most documented campaign/ethics issues are older (a 2020 super-PAC coordination complaint and a $2,750 Colorado gift-ban fine from his governorship). No evidence of family lobbying or personal use of campaign funds was found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Large active portfolio (up to ~$22.9M in parsed trades); 2026 STOCK Act late-disclosure violations (wife's $500K-$1M Liberty Broadband sale ~1yr late; dependent child's Palantir sale). $150K-$350K Uber buy (Jan 2026) while on Commerce/Transportation Committee with rideshare jurisdiction = direct committee-sector overlap. Trust described as 'blind' but NOT certified qualified by Senate Ethics. He says he doesn't direct trades; no proven market-beating timing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Late STOCK Act disclosures on family Liberty Broadband and Palantir sales; trust not certified as qualified blind trust","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/congress/senators-hickenlooper-rounds-stock-trading-act-violations-palantir-transparency-law"},{"claim":"$150K-$350K Uber purchase Jan 2026 while sitting on Commerce/Transportation Committee with rideshare jurisdiction","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/money/john-hickenlooper-uber-stock-purchase-transportation-senate-ethics"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Hickenlooper entered office already wealthy (~$7.8M+ in 2019 from Wynkoop Brewing sale, geology career). Estimated net worth ~$29-30M in 2026, but disclosures use broad ranges and most growth is plausibly market appreciation on a large pre-existing portfolio. No sourced evidence isolates enrichment beyond salary+market attributable to office. Pre-office wealth not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Worth at least $7.8M before entering Senate (2019)","sourceUrl":"https://coloradosun.com/2019/12/20/john-hickenlooper-net-worth-colorado-senate-race/"},{"claim":"Estimated net worth ~$29.8M as of March 2026 per Quiver","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/John%20W.%20Hickenlooper-H000273/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Oil/gas giving was minor in his 2020 Senate run (~$63K of $13M raised; industry outside top 20), and bulk of money came from retired/individual donors, weakening any sector-concentration narrative. He supported fracking as governor but later backed 100% renewables by 2050. No strong sourced pattern of concentrated industry money aligned to specific votes/bills was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Took ~$63K from oil/gas of $13M raised in 2020; industry not in top 20","sourceUrl":"https://coloradosun.com/2020/06/23/oil-and-gas-hickenlooper-romanoff-campaign-finance/"},{"claim":"Campaign finance summary and top industries","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/john-hickenlooper/summary?cid=N00044206"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No evidence of campaign/leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit. Documented issues are different in kind: a 2020 FEC complaint alleging illegal super-PAC ad coordination, and a $2,750 Colorado Independent Ethics Commission fine (gift-ban: private-jet/Italy trips) tied to his GOVERNORSHIP, not Senate campaign funds. Score reflects a finalized state ethics fine for accepting prohibited benefits, but not personal use of campaign cash.","evidence":[{"claim":"Colorado ethics commission found violation and fined Hickenlooper $2,750 over gifts (private jet, Italy trip)","sourceUrl":"https://www.cpr.org/2020/06/05/what-is-john-hickenloopers-ethics-complaint-about/"},{"claim":"FEC complaint alleging illegal coordination with Senate Majority PAC","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/non-profit-watchdog-files-complaint-against-hickenloopers-senate-campaign"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence found of family members lobbying, family contracts tied to his office, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Per rules, absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 49 of 2,469 roll-call votes (2.0%) Jan 2021-Jun 2026, better than the Senate median (~2.8%). No sourced evidence of excessive paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Clean record scores low.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 49 of 2,469 votes (2.0%), better than median","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_hickenlooper/456797"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001094","name":"Val T. Hoyle","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"OR","score":29,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Val Hoyle is a second-term Democrat from Oregon's 4th District, a former Oregon Labor Commissioner, serving on Transportation and Infrastructure and Natural Resources. In September 2025 she disclosed more than 200 late trades from her husband's IRA, which she attributed to his new adviser, and paid the $200 STOCK Act fee. Her household finances are modest, with assets of roughly $0.5M-$1.5M and several personal loans. Her tenure at the state labor bureau drew reporting about a grant advanced to a nonprofit tied to a campaign donor; she denies wrongdoing, no official finding was made, and a related FEC complaint was dismissed. Her voting attendance is better than the House median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse shows 393 individual-stock transactions, all in her spouse Stephen's Fidelity Rollover IRA, filed Sept 2025-May 2026 and worth roughly $0.55M-$6.3M by disclosed ranges. 222 were filed after the 45-day deadline (up to about a year late). She told the Clerk the trades were made by her spouse's new financial adviser after his pension moved to an IRA, paid the $200 first-violation fee and adopted new procedures. Some holdings (Boeing, Deere, Knight-Swift, Uber, railroads) fall in sectors under her Transportation and Infrastructure and Natural Resources committees; reporting found no evidence of prohibited transactions.","evidence":[{"claim":"Sept 12, 2025 PTR lists 230 spouse (SP) trades in a Fidelity Rollover IRA dated Oct 2024-Aug 2025, most filed past the 45-day deadline.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20032070.pdf"},{"claim":"Oregon Capital Chronicle/OpenSecrets: 217 late trades by husband Stephen worth $245,215-$3,355,000; she said they 'were made by my spouse's financial broker and were not specifically requested by me or my spouse'; her office confirmed a $200 fee; Boeing, Deere and Knight-Swift fall in industries under her committees; no evidence of prohibited transactions.","sourceUrl":"https://oregoncapitalchronicle.com/2025/09/18/oregon-rep-val-hoyle-violated-stock-act-by-missing-deadlines-to-disclose-217-stock-transactions/"},{"claim":"May 15, 2026 PTR reports one more April 2025 spouse IRA trade, filed about a year late.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20034581.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Modest household finances. Summing disclosed asset ranges gives roughly $0.28M-$1.0M on her 2022 candidate report and $0.55M-$1.47M on her 2025 report (Greederboard calculation), mostly retirement accounts, against a home mortgage, two personal loans and a credit-card balance. Growth tracks the spouse's pension rollover and markets.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual disclosure lists a $100,001-$250,000 mortgage, personal loans from American Express ($50,001-$100,000) and Best Egg ($15,001-$50,000), and spouse salary from PacificSource Health Plans.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10077015.pdf"},{"claim":"2022 candidate disclosure used as baseline for asset ranges.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2022/10049222.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. PACs and other committees supplied $1.17M of her $2.67M 2023-24 receipts (44%), on the high side for the House. The main documented donor-action overlap predates Congress: as Oregon Labor Commissioner she took a $20,000 donation (June 2021) from cannabis firm La Mota's co-founder and later helped advance a $554,000 state grant to a nonprofit co-founded by the other co-founder, which her successor revoked in 2023. She denies wrongdoing; no official finding was made. A separate FEC complaint over the founders' 2022 federal contributions was dismissed 6-0 on prosecutorial discretion.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC 2023-24: receipts $2,665,016.82, including $1,174,684.99 from other committees; leadership PAC McKenzie River PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2OR04095/?cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Willamette Week (Sept 27, 2023): La Mota co-founder Aaron Mitchell gave $20,000 in June 2021; Hoyle helped advance a $554,000 grant to ENDVR, co-founded by Rosa Cazares; the grant was revoked in spring 2023; Hoyle denies doing anything improper.","sourceUrl":"http://www.wweek.com/news/2023/09/27/nine-months-after-she-left-state-government-us-rep-val-hoyle-cant-shake-the-long-shadows-of-her-time-there/"},{"claim":"FEC MUR 8159 (respondents incl. Val Hoyle for Congress, Mitchell, Cazares) was dismissed 6-0 under prosecutorial discretion.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/legal/matter-under-review/8159/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics finding or verifiable complaint on personal use of campaign funds was found. An opposing campaign's press release referred to a 2024 voter complaint about travel spending, but no FEC docket or independent report could be confirmed, so it is not scored.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No records or reporting were found of family members lobbying, office-tied contracts, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Her spouse works for a health insurer, which falls outside her committees. Absence of evidence is not scored.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview records 12 missed of 674 roll calls in the 119th Congress (1.8%), below the ~2% House median.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview roll-call data, 119th Congress: 662 votes cast, 12 missed (1.8%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/data"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001242","name":"Bernie Moreno","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"OH","score":29,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Bernie Moreno (R-OH), a former luxury auto-dealership magnate and crypto entrepreneur, took office in January 2025 and sits on the Senate Banking Committee (including its Digital Assets subcommittee). His individual-stock trading is light: STOCK Act filings show roughly $65K in parsed trades, most notably a sale of up to $50K of Mobile Infrastructure Corp ($BEEP) in March 2025, and a February 2026 CNN analysis named him among ten senators whose trades overlapped industries their committees oversee. The most substantial accountability signal is campaign-finance correlation: a pro-crypto super PAC network (Fairshake/Defend American Jobs) spent about $40M to elect him over crypto-skeptic Sherrod Brown, after which Moreno joined Banking and actively advanced the GENIUS and CLARITY crypto bills — alignment, not proof of a quid pro quo. On routine integrity measures he scores well: he had perfect Senate vote attendance in 2025 (one of only two senators) and has missed about 5 of 840 votes overall, with no documented campaign-fund personal use or office-tied family lobbying contracts.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Low individual-stock volume (~$65K parsed trades, ~$553K public assets), with one notable $BEEP (Mobile Infrastructure Corp) sale up to $50K in March 2025. CNN named him among 10 senators whose trades overlapped committee-regulated industries, creating a conflict-of-interest perception, but volume and evidence of market-beating timing are limited.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moreno disclosed a sale of up to $50K of $BEEP (Mobile Infrastructure Corp) on March 17, 2025; Quiver parsed up to $65K of his STOCK Act trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Bernie+Moreno+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"A Feb 2026 CNN analysis listed Moreno among 10 senators who traded shares in industries their committees oversee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/09/politics/senator-stock-trading-congress"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Moreno entered the Senate in Jan 2025 with a pre-existing nine-figure auto-dealership fortune (disclosed range ~$44M-$250M; ~$139M est.). With only ~1.5 years in office and pre-office wealth excluded by rubric, there is no measurable enrichment beyond salary/market to score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Moreno worth ~$139M (Sept 2025); 2024 candidate disclosure shows net worth between ~$44.2M and ~$250M, made pre-office in auto dealerships.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Bernie+Moreno+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF: A pro-crypto super PAC network (Fairshake / Defend American Jobs) spent ~$40M to elect Moreno over crypto-skeptic Sherrod Brown. Moreno then joined the Banking Committee's Digital Assets subcommittee and actively shepherded the GENIUS and CLARITY crypto bills — strong industry-money-to-aligned-action overlap, though no direct quid pro quo is established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Fairshake affiliate Defend American Jobs spent ~$40.1M backing Moreno against Brown; Moreno now sits on Banking and helps advance the GENIUS/CLARITY Acts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.dlnews.com/articles/regulation/bernie-moreno-wins-ohio-from-crypto-sceptic-sherrod-brown/"},{"claim":"Moreno is helping shepherd the GENIUS Act and CLARITY Act crypto legislation through the Senate.","sourceUrl":"https://spectrumnews1.com/oh/columbus/news/2025/07/23/moreno-crypto-genius-clarity-act"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented misuse of campaign or leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit was found. Moreno self-funded large personal loans to his campaign (e.g., $1.2M in 2024), which is not personal use of donor funds. No leadership-PAC personal-spending findings located.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moreno loaned his own campaign $1.2M in early 2024; no reporting of personal-use spending of campaign funds was found.","sourceUrl":"https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2024/03/12/big-loans-outside-spending-stand-out-in-final-campaign-reports-ahead-of-ohios-u-s-senate-primary/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No evidence of family lobbying or government contracts tied to Moreno's office, nor a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. There is a notable family political tie — his son-in-law is Rep. Max Miller (R-OH) — and he invested in a dealership run by his son, but neither involves office-leveraged lobbying or contracts. Minimal score reflects the family proximity only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moreno's daughter Emily was married to Rep. Max Miller (R-OH); a Sunbury dealership is run by Moreno's son as a family investment.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/max-miller-defamation-suit-ex-wife-emily-moreno-ohio-republican-rcna345233"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Clean record: Moreno had perfect attendance for all 659 roll-call votes in 2025 (one of only two senators) and has missed about 5 of 840 votes (0.6%) overall through mid-2026 — well above the Senate median. No reports of heavy paid speeches displacing official duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moreno was one of only two senators present for all 659 roll-call votes in 2025; missed ~5 of 840 votes (0.6%) overall.","sourceUrl":"https://www.moreno.senate.gov/press-releases/roll-call-moreno-one-of-two-senators-with-perfect-vote-attendance-in-2025/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"A000383","name":"Alan Armstrong","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"OK","score":29,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Sen. Alan Armstrong (R-OK), the former CEO and executive chairman of the Williams Companies, was appointed on March 24, 2026 to finish Markwayne Mullin's term and cannot run for the seat. In his first week, an advisor placed about 700 trades in his account to set up a direct-indexing portfolio. He disclosed them in July 2026, more than two months past the STOCK Act deadline. He has since sold $5M to $25M of Williams stock. He has made permitting reform his main cause, cites a Williams pipeline case as an example, and says this is no conflict. He has missed no votes, and no campaign-finance or ethics findings were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Two Senate PTRs list 707 transactions worth an estimated $8.5M to $41.7M. Of these, 701 were March 24-31, 2026 trades, made in his first week in office and disclosed July 21, 2026, 67 to 74 days past the 45-day deadline. A filing note says a third-party advisor executed them to set up a direct-indexing strategy, which lowers the stock-picking concern. The largest trades were a $5M-$25M sale of Williams Companies stock, his former employer, and later trades in Williams call options. His HELP and Indian Affairs seats do not directly oversee Williams. The score reflects very large volume and wholesale late filing, discounted for advisor-run indexing.","evidence":[{"claim":"PTR filed July 21, 2026 lists 703 transactions, including a June 24, 2026 joint sale of $5,000,001-$25,000,000 in Williams Companies stock; its note says March 2026 transactions were initiated by a third-party advisor to implement a direct indexing strategy.","sourceUrl":"https://efdsearch.senate.gov/search/view/ptr/fda235b3-bad7-4637-8fa1-053f354d929c/"},{"claim":"NOTUS (July 24, 2026) reported about 700 trades worth $3.24M-$16.05M were disclosed more than two months past the STOCK Act deadline; his spokesperson did not say whether the $200 fine was paid.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/sen-alan-armstrong-violated-stock-act-with-700-tardy-stock-disclosures"},{"claim":"PTR filed Sept 17, 2026 lists August 2026 joint transactions in Williams call options (strike $75, expiring Aug 21, 2026).","sourceUrl":"https://efdsearch.senate.gov/search/view/ptr/b999bc0e-3eb0-4ca9-ab07-8e8f2e04b41f/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"His wealth comes from more than a decade as Williams Companies CEO, before he took office, and his Senate tenure began only in March 2026. No net-worth estimate was found, and with six months in office there is nothing to measure growth against.","evidence":[{"claim":"Williams 8-K (May 2025): Armstrong became Executive Chairman July 1, 2025 at a $750,000 base salary with a 150%-of-salary incentive target.","sourceUrl":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107263/000119312525112822/d945295d8k.htm"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"He was appointed rather than elected, Oklahoma law bars him from running for the seat, and no FEC campaign committee is on record. There are no campaign donors to compare with his committee work. His former-employer ties are scored under revolving_door.","evidence":[],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No campaign committee and no personal-use allegations found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"He went straight from Williams Companies' board, which he left March 23, 2026, to the Senate, and made energy permitting reform his top priority. While promoting a permitting bill he cited a Williams pipeline whose certificate an appeals court vacated, and he held Williams stock and options after taking office. He says this is no conflict because the Senate doesn't approve individual projects; his spokesperson said he has sold a significant amount of Williams stock. No lobbying contacts or official findings were found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Appointed by Gov. Stitt to finish Mullin's term; asked about conflicts given his Williams role, he said \"I don't see that as a conflict at all,\" saying project approvals fall to agencies like FERC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.publicradiotulsa.org/local-regional/2026-03-24/tulsa-energy-executive-alan-armstrong-will-finish-mullins-oklahoma-senate-term"},{"claim":"Promoting the bipartisan permitting bill (Sept 30, 2026), Armstrong cited an appeals court vacating the certificate for a Williams pipeline under construction.","sourceUrl":"https://www.news9.com/national-politics-oklahoma/senate-taking-important-step-toward-making-permitting-reform-a-reality"},{"claim":"His spokesperson told NOTUS \"There is no conflict of interest in Senator Armstrong's intense focus on permitting reform\" and that he has sold a significant amount of Williams stock since his appointment.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/sen-alan-armstrong-violated-stock-act-with-700-tardy-stock-disclosures"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview shows 191 votes cast and none missed since he joined the Senate in March 2026. He is not running for office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th Congress roll-call data: 191 votes cast, 0 missed.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/data"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"W000805","name":"Mark R. Warner","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"VA","score":28,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Mark Warner (D-VA) is among the wealthiest members of Congress, with a fortune estimated between roughly $90M and $382M that predates his Senate tenure, derived largely from co-founding Capital Cellular and early investment in Nextel and Columbia Capital in the 1980s-1990s. His financial disclosures show extensive securities activity — Quiver Quantitative tracks up to $97.9M in STOCK Act trades including multi-million-dollar 2017-2019 sales of Charter Communications, Exxon Mobil and Zayo — though his office states these assets have been managed by an independent trustee since before he became governor in 2002. Two specific transactions drew conflict-of-interest scrutiny: a 2019-2021 purchase of $115,000-$250,000 in Acumen Pharmaceuticals (an Alzheimer's biotech) while he co-chaired a congressional Alzheimer's task force, and January 2024 purchases of Virginia municipal bonds while championing infrastructure. Warner sits on the Banking, Finance, and Intelligence committees and receives substantial contributions from the securities/finance and tech/telecom industries he helps oversee, a correlation that is not evidence of quid pro quo. His Senate attendance is solid (about 3.2% missed votes over his career, near the chamber median), and no FEC findings of personal-use spending or family-lobbying ties were identified. A campaign treasurer was alleged in 2025 to have misappropriated funds, but that involved a staffer, not Warner's own use of campaign money.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosures track up to $97.9M in STOCK Act trades including multi-million sales of Charter, Exxon and Zayo; assets are managed by an independent trustee since before 2002, but specific trades (Acumen Pharma during his Alzheimer's task force role) raised documented conflict-of-interest concerns. Many trades sit in sectors his committees oversee (finance, telecom).","evidence":[{"claim":"Warner's STOCK Act filings track up to $97.9M in trades, including a ~$5M Feb 2019 sale of Charter Communications, a ~$5M Oct 2017 sale of Exxon Mobil, and a ~$1M sale of Zayo Group.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Mark+R.+Warner+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Warner purchased $115,000-$250,000 of Acumen Pharmaceuticals, an Alzheimer's biotech, between 2019 and 2021 while co-chairing a congressional Alzheimer's task force; his office said investments were managed by an independent trustee since before 2002.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsweek.com/senators-purchase-bonds-markwayne-mullin-mark-warner-1871464"},{"claim":"The STOCK Act requires disclosure of securities transactions over $1,000, including most trades by spouses and dependent children.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/mark-warner/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Warner is among the wealthiest senators (estimated $90M-$382M, ranked top-10 in Congress), but the overwhelming majority of his wealth predates office, built from co-founding Capital Cellular and early Nextel/Columbia Capital investments in the 1980s-1990s. Wealth predating office is not scored; no sourced evidence shows enrichment beyond market returns during tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Warner's 2023 disclosure puts his wealth between roughly $90.1M and $382.2M, making him one of the wealthiest members of Congress and its wealthiest Democrat.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Warner"},{"claim":"Warner made his fortune before politics as a co-founder of Capital Cellular Corporation and early investor in Nextel (later bought by Sprint for $36B) and through Columbia Capital.","sourceUrl":"https://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-politicians/democrats/mark-warner-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Warner serves on the Banking, Finance, and Intelligence committees and is ranking member of the Securities, Insurance and Investment subcommittee; the securities/finance and tech/telecom industries are among his largest career donors, aligning with his oversight roles. No quid-pro-quo is asserted or established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Warner sits on the Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs Committee, Finance Committee, and is Vice Chairman of the Intelligence Committee, and is ranking member of the Subcommittee on Securities, Insurance, and Investment.","sourceUrl":"https://www.warner.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/committees"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Warner's industry contributions, with finance and telecom among significant donor bases that align with his committee assignments.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/mark-warner/industries?cid=N00002097&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence found of Warner personally using campaign or leadership-PAC funds for personal-benefit categories. A 2025 matter involved an alleged misappropriation by a campaign treasurer (a staffer), not personal use by Warner, and the committee reported it to the FEC and conducted an audit.","evidence":[{"claim":"Warner's PAC alerted the FEC that a campaign treasurer was suspected of misappropriating funds; the committee fired her, audited, and implemented corrective measures — a staff matter, not personal use by Warner.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/tim-kaine-mark-warner-democrats-campaign-treasurer-1235235232/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No evidence found of family members (wife Lisa Collis or daughters) lobbying or contracting tied to his office. One search reference noted a longtime banking lobbyist who passed through the revolving door taking a job in Warner's office (a common staff-pipeline pattern); details are thin and no improper benefit is established.","evidence":[{"claim":"A search reference noted a longtime banking lobbyist with several revolving-door passes found a job with Sen. Warner; no family-lobbying ties to Lisa Collis were found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2008&id=N00002097"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Warner's attendance is solid: he missed 197 of 6,118 roll-call votes (3.2%) from 2009 to June 2026, near the median for currently serving senators. No sourced pattern of missed votes coinciding with heavy fundraising or paid speeches was identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2009 to June 2026, Warner missed 197 of 6,118 roll call votes (3.2%), on par with the 2.8% median for currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/mark_warner/412321"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001123","name":"Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr.","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":28,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Gil Cisneros (D-CA-31) is a Navy veteran who won a $266M lottery jackpot in 2010. He served one House term from 2019 to 2021 and returned in 2025, sitting on Armed Services and Small Business. His account is among the most active in the House: 1,588 trades since January 2025, worth an estimated $15.8M to $56M, including repeated trades in defense contractors such as Palantir, Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics and RTX. More than 50 of those trades were reported days or weeks late in 2025-26, and he says an adviser manages his investments. His wealth predates office, his donors are diversified, and he has missed almost no votes. No ethics findings were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":65,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of 20 PTRs (Jan 2025 to Aug 2026) shows 1,588 transactions worth an estimated $15.8M to $56M, all owned by Cisneros. Most are individual stocks; the rest include municipal bonds. He sits on House Armed Services and repeatedly traded defense names, including Palantir, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, General Dynamics and RTX. Sixty-four trades in two filings were up to 19 days past the 45-day deadline. He says an adviser manages his money. Very high volume with clear committee-sector overlap, partly offset by the managed account and short delays.","evidence":[{"claim":"PTR signed Feb 13, 2026 lists Jan 9, 2026 purchases of General Dynamics, Palantir and RTX stock ($1,001-$15,000 each).","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20033983.pdf"},{"claim":"NOTUS (Sept 8, 2026) reported Cisneros, an Armed Services member, was days or weeks late disclosing more than 50 trades, including Palantir, Microsoft, Macom and SPX, worth about $95,000-$900,000. In February he told NOTUS \"I trust my adviser.\"","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/money/gil-cisneros-stock-act-disclosures-palantir?redirected=notus_org"},{"claim":"PTR signed Sept 4, 2026 includes a July 17, 2026 Palantir purchase among dozens of trades filed after the 45-day window.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20035190.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR signed Nov 18, 2025 includes Oct 2025 purchases of Palantir, Coinbase and Robinhood.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20033455.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"His wealth comes from a $266M Mega Millions jackpot in 2010, years before he first ran for Congress. His 2025 report lists assets of at least about $19M to $61M, summed from disclosed ranges, plus a $5M-$25M mortgage and a $1M-$5M margin loan. NOTUS put his median net worth at $65.9M entering 2025. The wealth predates office.","evidence":[{"claim":"NOTUS: Cisneros won a $266 million Mega Millions jackpot in 2010; its Capitol Gains project estimated his median net worth at $65.91 million entering 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/money/gil-cisneros-stock-act-disclosures-palantir?redirected=notus_org"},{"claim":"2025 annual disclosure lists a Bank of America margin account ($1,000,001-$5,000,000) and residence mortgage ($5,000,001-$25,000,000); spouse salary is from the Gilbert and Jacki Cisneros Foundation.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10074952.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"This shows correlation, not proof. Itemized 2024 PAC money (about $273K) came mostly from unions, health groups, fellow members' committees and Democratic PACs. Defense-contractor PACs gave little, about $3,000 from General Dynamics and Textron, despite his Armed Services seat. PAC receipts in 2025-26 rose to $453,650 of $705,263, which is typical for a returning incumbent.","evidence":[{"claim":"2024 PAC donors to Cisneros for Congress are led by Pac to the Future, Ameripac, VoteVets ($10,000 each) and labor unions; General Dynamics and Textron PACs gave $1,000-$2,000.","sourceUrl":"https://projects.propublica.org/itemizer/committee/C00850420/2024/pac-donations"},{"claim":"FEC 2026 cycle (through June 30, 2026): $705,263 receipts, $453,650 from other committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H8CA39174/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint alleging personal use of campaign funds was found. FEC lists $5.45M in debts or loans owed by his committee; no source found explains them or alleges misuse.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying or contracts tied to his office were found. His wife draws a salary from the couple's own foundation, which is disclosed and is not lobbying.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview shows 3 missed votes out of 674 (0.4%) in the 119th Congress, below the House median.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th Congress roll-call data: 671 votes cast, 3 missed (0.4%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/data"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"J000310","name":"Julie Johnson","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"TX","score":28,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Julie Johnson is a first-term Democrat representing Texas's 32nd District, a former Texas state legislator and lawyer who serves on Homeland Security (vice ranking member), Foreign Affairs and House Administration. Her House filings show about 586 joint individual-stock transactions from 2025 into 2026, including trades in DHS contractors and a cluster of sales on April 1, 2025. In August 2026 she disclosed 76 transactions months after the STOCK Act deadline; her office said they were account transfers completing a divestment she began in 2025. Her disclosed wealth, roughly $16M-$56M in assets, predates her time in Congress. She lost the May 2026 Democratic runoff to Colin Allred, who made her trading a campaign issue.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of her House Clerk PTRs shows 586 individual-stock transactions (all owner JT, joint with spouse) filed Feb 2025-Aug 2026, worth roughly $0.68M-$9.0M by disclosed ranges, mostly in Merrill Lynch and Chase managed accounts. 76 transactions were disclosed in an Aug 2026 PTR 139-410 days after the 45-day STOCK Act deadline; her office called them account transfers tied to divestment. Trades include defense/homeland-security contractors (Palantir, Boeing, Honeywell, RTX) while she is vice ranking member of Homeland Security, and 81 transactions dated April 1, 2025, the day before the tariff announcement. She says money managers handled the accounts and that she divested individual stocks in 2025.","evidence":[{"claim":"Aug 5, 2026 PTR discloses 76 joint stock transactions dated May 2025-Feb 2026, all past the 45-day deadline.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20035035.pdf"},{"claim":"NOTUS: 76 late-disclosed trades worth $76,076-$1.14M; spokesperson said they were 'transfers between accounts to complete the final divestment' and that final sales were reported on time; late-2025 trades included Boeing and Honeywell, DHS contractors, while she is Homeland Security vice ranking member.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/rep-julie-johnson-stock-act-trades-violation"},{"claim":"NOTUS (Sept 2025): nearly 350 trades in 2025 put her in the top 2% of congressional traders; she sold all or part of 59 holdings in August to divest into ETFs/mutual funds.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/julie-johnson-texas-stock-trading-sale-ban"},{"claim":"NOTUS (May 2025): 77 stock sales on April 1, 2025 and 55 on April 7, worth $218K-$2.22M that week; she told Business Insider 'I have money managers that take care of all of it.'","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/money/stock-trades-tariffs-julie-johnson"},{"claim":"Texas Tribune: she bought Palantir in Jan and Feb 2025 and sold in April and June 2025; she said third parties managed the stocks and 'The law did not require me to divest.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.texastribune.org/2026/01/28/julie-johnson-palantir-ice-deportation-stock-trades-congress/"},{"claim":"May 2025 PTR lists 144 joint transactions across Merrill Lynch Tax Efficient Core and Long Term Growth accounts.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030296.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Her wealth predates Congress. Summing the asset-value ranges on her 2023 candidate report gives roughly $10.6M-$41.1M; the 2025 annual report sums to roughly $16.0M-$55.9M (Greederboard calculation from disclosed ranges), against liabilities including a $0.5M-$1M Merrill line of credit and two rental beach-house mortgages. The ranges are wide and overlap, and growth is consistent with market returns on a pre-existing portfolio; no sourced analysis ties gains to her office.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 candidate financial disclosure (filed before she took office) lists hundreds of joint securities and two rental beach-house mortgages.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2023/10055300.pdf"},{"claim":"2025 annual disclosure lists a Merrill Lynch line of credit ($500,001-$1M) and mortgages on two rental beach houses, one $1,000,001-$5M.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075196.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. FEC data show $535,189 of her $2.07M 2023-24 receipts (about 26%) came from other committees, a typical share. No sourced industry breakdown or donor-to-action pattern was found; the documented overlap concerns her own stock holdings in Homeland Security contractors (scored under stock trading), not donor money.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC: 2023-24 receipts $2,071,913.87, of which $1,513,181.22 from individuals and $535,188.50 from other committees; leadership PAC Don't Mess With Texas PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4TX32089/?cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint, finding, or reporting on personal-benefit use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds was found. Absence of evidence is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate page shows routine 2023-24 operating expenditures ($1.76M) with no enforcement matter linked.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4TX32089/?cycle=2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reporting or records were found of family members lobbying, office-tied contracts, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of evidence is not scored.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview records 25 missed of 674 roll calls in the 119th Congress (3.7%), above the ~2% House median. She was in a contested Democratic primary and May 2026 runoff, which she lost to Colin Allred; no evidence ties absences to fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview roll-call data, 119th Congress: 649 votes cast, 25 missed (3.7%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/data"},{"claim":"NOTUS: Allred defeated Johnson by 8 points in the May runoff and used her trades in campaign ads.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/rep-julie-johnson-stock-act-trades-violation"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S000148","name":"Charles E. Schumer","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NY","score":27,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Chuck Schumer, the Senate Democratic leader from New York, presents a comparatively low self-dealing profile on personal financial measures but elevated exposure on influence-adjacent measures. Public trackers (Quiver Quantitative, Capitol Markets) record no individual stock trades for Schumer, consistent with his on-record statement that he owns no individual stocks, which scores stock_trading at zero. His disclosed net worth is modest for a senator, estimated in the roughly $0.8M-$2.4M range, grounded in a Brooklyn home, savings deposits, his wife's TIAA retirement plans, and book royalties, with no documented growth beyond salary and ordinary savings. The strongest documented concerns are correlation-based and relational: the securities and investment industry has been among his largest career donors (reported at roughly $6M-$10M+ over his career) while he sits on the Senate Finance and Banking committees, and his two daughters and son-in-law work for/lobby for Amazon, Meta, and Blackstone, alongside a large staff-to-lobbyist pipeline reported by multiple outlets. No quid-pro-quo is established by these records, and no findings of personal use of campaign funds by Schumer himself were located. His lifetime missed-vote rate is very low (about 0.9%), so job-versus-fundraising concerns are minimal.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual stock trades are tracked for Schumer by congressional trade trackers, and he has stated on the record that he owns no individual stocks. Household does not appear to trade individual securities.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative/related trackers show no tracked trade activity for Schumer over recent years; the trades table is unpopulated.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Charles%20E.%20Schumer-S000148"},{"claim":"Schumer publicly stated 'I don't own any stocks, and I think that's the right thing to do' amid the push to ban congressional stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.commondreams.org/news/2022/02/07/keep-pushing-momentum-grows-behind-effort-ban-stock-trading"},{"claim":"More than half of the NY congressional delegation, including Schumer, reported owning no individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nys/capital-region/news/2022/02/09/ny-lawmaker-stocks"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Disclosed net worth is modest for a senator (roughly $0.8M-$2.4M range), based on a home, savings deposits, spouse's TIAA plans, and book income. No documented growth beyond salary and ordinary savings; viral '$81 million' claims are debunked.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 disclosure indicates net worth roughly between $837,000 and $2,405,000; top assets are a credit-union savings deposit and his wife's TIAA Traditional plans.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/chuck-schumer-net-worth-revealed/"},{"claim":"Schumer's wealth is comparatively modest among senators, grounded in his Senate salary, investment income, and book sales; primary residence is a roughly $1M Brooklyn home.","sourceUrl":"https://www.livarava.com/finance/p/1579584"},{"claim":"Fact-check finds social-media claims exaggerating Schumer's net worth (e.g., tens of millions) are not supported by his public records.","sourceUrl":"https://thedispatch.com/article/social-media-post-exaggerates-sen-chuck-schumers-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: securities/investment, real estate, and law firms are among Schumer's top career donors (reported at roughly $6M-$10M+ from securities/investment) while he sits on the Senate Finance and Banking committees. No quid-pro-quo is established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities and investment industry has given Schumer roughly $6.2M (one tally) to over $10.4M (broader tally) over his career; top contributors include Goldman Sachs, Citigroup, and JPMorgan employees/PACs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/charles-e-schumer/summary?cid=N00001093"},{"claim":"In the 2022 cycle, Securities/Investment ranked among his #1 industry sources, with Real Estate and Lawyers/Law Firms also top-ranked.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/charles-e-schumer/industries?cid=N00001093&cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Schumer sits on the Senate Finance Committee and the Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee, which oversee his top donor industries.","sourceUrl":"https://publicintegrity.org/politics/schumers-road-to-the-top-greased-by-donations-to-colleagues/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records were located showing Schumer personally spending campaign or leadership-PAC funds on personal-benefit categories. A 1998 disclosure/excessive-contribution settlement was a reporting/technical matter, not personal use; a 2024 FEC complaint targeted a separate Schumer-aligned super PAC over filing timeliness, not Schumer's personal use.","evidence":[{"claim":"1998 episode involved excessive contributions and disclosure failures (joint-account check rule, later dropped) resulting in a fine, characterized as a technicality rather than personal enrichment.","sourceUrl":"https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/chuck-schumer-excessive-contributions/"},{"claim":"A 2024 FEC complaint concerned the Schumer-aligned Last Best Place PAC's failure to file independent-expenditure reports in Montana, not personal use of funds by Schumer.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/2838313/schumer-tied-pac-fec-complaint-spending-montana-senate/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Schumer has notable family and staff ties to industries his office oversees: two daughters and a son-in-law work for/lobby for Amazon, Meta, and Blackstone, and many former staffers have become tech/finance lobbyists. This prompted recusal calls during tech antitrust debates.","evidence":[{"claim":"Daughter Jessica Schumer is a registered Amazon lobbyist; daughter Alison works at Meta; son-in-law Michael Shapiro became a Blackstone government-affairs managing director.","sourceUrl":"https://jacobin.com/2022/08/chuck-schumer-family-son-in-law-blackstone-tech-finance-lobby"},{"claim":"Progressive groups urged Schumer to recuse himself from Big Tech antitrust legislation, citing his daughters' employment at Amazon and Meta.","sourceUrl":"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-07-22/groups-push-schumer-to-recuse-himself-from-big-tech-legislation"},{"claim":"Reporting cites more than 80 former Schumer staffers working directly or indirectly for Big Tech, including former chiefs of staff/counsel who lobbied for Amazon and Google.","sourceUrl":"https://www.levernews.com/schumers-family-business/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Schumer's lifetime missed-vote rate is very low (about 0.9%), among the more diligent attendance records, providing no evidence that fundraising displaced his voting duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack records Schumer missing 80 of 9,410 roll-call votes from 1981 to June 2026, about 0.9%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/charles_schumer/300087"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000595","name":"Julia Letlow","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"LA","score":27,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Julia Letlow has represented Louisiana's 5th District since April 2021, after her husband Luke Letlow died before taking office, and won the 2026 Republican Senate nomination with Trump's endorsement. She sits on Appropriations, including as vice chair of the Labor-HHS subcommittee. In January 2026 she reported about 209 trades from her own Merrill Lynch account late, some more than a year late, including health-care stocks and Meta shares bought after she signed a Meta subsidiary's data-center NDA. Her office says the firm traded with full discretion and that she self-reported to House Ethics. Her personal assets are modest. She missed 5.9% of House votes, half of them in her Senate primary month.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of two PTRs shows 257 transactions in her own Merrill Lynch account (230 individual stocks across 113 tickers, $0.3M-$4.0M in reported ranges). 209 were filed late in a single report signed 01/13/2026, some 402 days past the deadline; 98 were more than a year late. As vice chair of the Appropriations Labor-HHS subcommittee, she held 35 trades in health-care names (UnitedHealth, Pfizer, AbbVie, Humana, Centene and others). Reporting found she bought Meta stock after signing a Meta subsidiary's NDA on a Louisiana data center. Her office says Merrill Lynch traded with full discretion and she self-reported to House Ethics.","evidence":[{"claim":"Report signed 01/13/2026 discloses trades back to 10/23/2024 (e.g., Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Apple, Nvidia, Meta purchases) from 'Merrill Lynch Investment Account #025', with notification dates of 08/11/2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20030977.pdf"},{"claim":"NOTUS found she failed to disclose more than 210 stock and bond trades within 45 days, worth $225,000-$3.3M, some more than a year late; her spokesman said Merrill Lynch had discretionary authority and she alerted House Ethics herself.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/julia-letlow-stock-act-disclosures?redirected=notus_org"},{"claim":"Gulf States Newsroom reported she signed an NDA with Laidley LLC, a Meta data-center subsidiary, on June 29, 2024, then bought Meta and Nvidia stock; her spokesman said the NDA played no role because she was unaware of the trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wbhm.org/2026-08-10/rep-julia-letlow-bought-meta-stock-after-signing-an-nda-with-the-company-records-show"},{"claim":"The Advocate reported she traded stocks in companies two or three days before her committees held hearings on related topics; her office said she did not direct or know of the trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wbrz.com/news/report-senate-candidate-rep-julia-letlow-failed-to-report-hundreds-of-individual-stock-trades-on-time"},{"claim":"A March 2026 report shows the account still trading individual stocks, including a Meta purchase on 02/12/2026.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20034106.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Her disclosed assets are modest (bank accounts, a state retirement plan, a residence, 529 plans and the Merrill account) with a home mortgage of $100,001-$250,000. No sign of unexplained growth. On 01/13/2026 she amended her annual reports back to 2020 to add the brokerage holdings.","evidence":[{"claim":"Her 2025 annual report lists a Mr. Cooper home mortgage of $100,001-$250,000 and no earned income outside her House salary.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10076014.pdf"},{"claim":"An amended 2024 annual report filed 01/13/2026 adds the Merrill Lynch Investment Account #025 holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2024/10072697.pdf"},{"claim":"Benzinga reported she amended all five annual financial disclosures dating back to 2020.","sourceUrl":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/congresswoman-violates-stock-act-over-143116760.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As an appropriator, she took $1.05M of her $2.61M 2023-24 House receipts from PACs. The Meta data-center NDA and stock purchases (see stock_trading) are the clearest overlap of private interest and district business. A Campaign Legal Center complaint alleges a Baton Rouge federal contractor illegally gave $100,000 to a super PAC backing her; the complaint targets the contractor, not her.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023-24 receipts of $2,613,338 included $1,053,581 from other committees and $999,148 from individuals.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2LA05126/?cycle=2024"},{"claim":"On Aug. 26, 2026 CLC filed an FEC complaint alleging federal contractor MMR Constructors made a $100,000 contribution to a super PAC supporting Letlow.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/document/clc-alleges-federal-contractor-illegally-contributed-100000-letlow-supporting-super-pac"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No personal-use allegation found. In March 2026 Sen. Bill Cassidy's campaign, her primary opponent, filed an FEC complaint alleging a fundraiser solicited soft money for a super PAC on her behalf; her campaign called it 'desperate' and said the fundraiser is not its agent. It remains an unresolved allegation by a rival. A 2020 FEC complaint against her late husband's committee closed with no reason to believe.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cassidy campaign manager Kathleen Larkin filed an FEC complaint alleging Letlow 'knowingly and willfully' had a fundraiser solicit soft money for Hope in Action PAC; Letlow's spokesperson said the fundraiser is not the campaign's agent.","sourceUrl":"https://www.businessreport.com/?p=270511"},{"claim":"FEC MUR 7824 (Letlow for Congress, complaint filed 10/20/2020) closed with a 4-2 vote finding no reason to believe a violation occurred.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/legal/matter-under-review/7824/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Her fiancé, Kevin Ainsworth, is a Baton Rouge lawyer who co-leads Jones Walker's state government relations practice; reported clients include Amazon, American Express and Cargill. No federal lobbying of her office or contracts tied to it were found. Not yet a spouse.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kevin Ainsworth is a Baton Rouge attorney and lobbyist, a Jones Walker partner who co-leads its state government relations practice.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/julia-letlow-louisiana-senate-run-1805442"},{"claim":"In 2025 she announced her engagement to Kevin Ainsworth, a Baton Rouge lawyer and lobbyist.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia_Letlow"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview shows 40 missed votes of 674 (5.9%), about three times the House median. Half (20) came in May 2026, the month of her May 16 Senate primary against Sen. Bill Cassidy. That is a campaign-driven spike for another office, so it scores below chronic absence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview records 40 'not voting' entries for Letlow (ICPSR 22157) across 674 House roll calls through Sept. 2026, 20 of them in May 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"},{"claim":"She finished first in the May 16, 2026 Republican Senate primary, eliminating Cassidy, and won the June 27 runoff.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia_Letlow"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"F000110","name":"Cleo Fields","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"LA","score":27,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Cleo Fields, a Democrat, represents Louisiana's 6th District after a career in the Louisiana state Senate and in law practice. He sits on Financial Services. Since February 2025 he has filed 238 stock transactions worth $12.6M-$33.2M, mostly large tech purchases, and NOTUS reported Oracle buys shortly before Oracle's TikTok role became public. His 2025 disclosure shows $18.6 million in legal-fee income that he reports as earned before Congress. Louisiana's ethics board fined him $2,500 in December 2025 over an unfiled report on an old state campaign account.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Fields filed 22 PTRs listing 238 transactions from February 2025 to September 2026, almost all individual-stock purchases and nearly all in his own accounts (no spouse rows). Disclosed volume is $12.6M-$33.2M, including an NVIDIA buy of $1M-$5M and 63 trades of $100K-$250K, concentrated in large tech names. He sits on Financial Services (Capital Markets subcommittee), and his trades include Robinhood and crypto-related miners. NOTUS reported Oracle purchases days before Oracle's role in the TikTok deal became public; no wrongdoing has been established and he did not comment. No late filings were found in our data.","evidence":[{"claim":"PTR filed 07/01/2025 includes an NVIDIA purchase on 06/26/2025 of $1,000,001-$5,000,000, plus Alphabet and Amazon purchases.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030472.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR filed 08/06/2025 lists purchases of Robinhood (HOOD), Bitmine Immersion (BMNR) and IREN in July 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030803.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR filed 09/30/2025 lists three Oracle purchases on 09/17, 09/18 and 09/23/2025 totaling $80,001-$200,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20032106.pdf"},{"claim":"KLFY, relaying NOTUS, reported the Oracle buys came before news of Oracle's TikTok role broke on Sept. 22, that it is unclear whether Fields knew, that he sits on the Financial Services Capital Markets subcommittee, and that he could not be reached for comment.","sourceUrl":"https://www.klfy.com/louisiana/report-cleo-fields-may-have-broken-law-against-insider-stock-trading/amp"},{"claim":"WBRZ (Oct. 2, 2025) reported the same three Oracle trades and that it had sought comment from Fields' office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wbrz.com/news/report-rep-cleo-fields-buys-thousands-in-oracle-stock-days-before-involvement-in-tiktok-deal-announced"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Fields was already a multimillionaire before Congress: his 2024 candidate report listed a $5M-$25M Baton Rouge property, $1M-$5M in E*TRADE savings and a $1M-$5M NVIDIA position. His 2025 report shows a large jump: $18,556,000 in income from Fields Law Firm 2, LLC, which the filing says was for services provided before he became a member, under an April 2025 attorney-fee agreement with Carmouche & Associates. The growth occurred while serving but is disclosed as pre-office legal fees, so it scores low-moderate.","evidence":[{"claim":"2024 candidate report lists Highland Crossing real estate ($5,000,001-$25,000,000), E*TRADE premium savings ($1,000,001-$5,000,000) and NVIDIA stock ($1,000,001-$5,000,000).","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2024/10060316.pdf"},{"claim":"2025 annual report lists $18,556,000 in salary from Fields Law Firm 2, LLC with the comment 'Income is for services provided before becoming a Member of Congress,' and an April 2025 agreement with John Carmouche and Carmouche & Associates to receive attorney fees for pre-Congress legal services.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10074378.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Most of Fields' money comes from individuals ($644K of $833K in 2025-26); PACs gave $177K. His PAC donors are a mixed Louisiana spread (port pilots, sugar, unions, Entergy, realtors) with a few finance PACs (American Bankers Association, American Financial Services Association) tied to his Financial Services seat. No concentrated industry pattern or donor-to-action link was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025-26 cycle (through 07/18/2026): $833,358.49 receipts, $644,289.04 from individuals, $177,000 from other committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4LA06211/?cycle=2026"},{"claim":"FEC bulk PAC-to-candidate records (pas224 + pas226 files, 2024 and 2026 cycles combined) show donors including Crescent River Port Pilots ($13,500), American Sugar Cane League ($10,000), American Bankers Association ($7,500) and American Financial Services Association ($5,000).","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2026/pas226.zip"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No personal-use finding or complaint was found. The Louisiana Board of Ethics fined Fields $2,500 in December 2025 for not filing a report on a dormant 2004 state campaign account; that is a state reporting lapse, not personal use. He has prior late-filing fines from the 1990s and a late report in 2019.","evidence":[{"claim":"Louisiana Board of Ethics fined Fields $2,500 for a missing February 2025 report on his 2004 Public Service Commission campaign account, which held $3,470 and $317,000 in loans from Fields; the board declined his waiver request and he declined to comment.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wbrz.com/news/louisiana-ethics-board-fines-congressman-cleo-fields-for-missing-campaign-report"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying, staff pipeline or office-linked contracts were found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Fields missed 20 of 674 recorded votes in the 119th Congress (3.0%), slightly above the ~2% House median; 11 of the misses came in December 2025.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th Congress record: 654 votes cast, 20 missed (3.0%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001267","name":"Michael F. Bennet","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"CO","score":26,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Bennet is among the wealthier senators (estimates ~$15M-$18M), much of it pre-office wealth from his finance/business career, and STOCK Act filings show meaningful individual-stock and fund activity (parsed trades up to ~$4.2M). He publicly supports the STOCK Act and has denied trading on legislation. In 2025-2026 he ran for Colorado governor, missing a large share of Senate votes (51 of 97 in one spring window) while raising ~$3.5M, much from venture-capital and private-equity donors. No documented campaign personal-use or revolving-door violations were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"STOCK Act filings parsed up to ~$4.2M in trades including a 2017 sale of up to $1M of one holding; individual stocks and funds present, no proven timing/return abuse.","evidence":[{"claim":"Up to $4.2M of trades parsed from Bennet's STOCK Act filings, including a March 2017 sale of up to $1M of $RGC; top assets include Canyon Balanced Fund and Charles Schwab Bank.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Michael%20Bennet-B001230"},{"claim":"Bennet denied suggesting he trades stock based on ongoing legislation and publicly supports the STOCK Act.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/wealthy-senatoreelection-denies-suggesting-trades-stock-based-ongoing-legislation"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth ~$15.7M (2018) to ~$17.9M (2025 est.); large but largely pre-office finance/business wealth, modest growth roughly tracking markets.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bennet's net worth was estimated at ~$15.7M in 2018 (12th wealthiest senator) and ~$17.9M as of 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/michael-bennet/net-worth?cid=N00030608"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: heavy finance/VC/PE donor concentration (top gubernatorial donors are VC/PE investors giving $50K each); no quid-pro-quo established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bennet's top 2025 donors -- Jason Mendelson, Tom Ray, Arthur Reimers, Jim Kelley -- are venture-capital or private-equity investors who each gave $50,000.","sourceUrl":"https://coloradonewsline.com/2026/01/20/millions-raised-bennet-weiser-colorado/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying/contracts tied to office or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 51 of 97 votes (Apr 13-Jun 13) and skipped committee hearings while campaigning for governor and raising ~$3.5M over three quarters of 2025.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bennet missed 51 of 97 votes from April 13 to June 13 and skipped committee hearings while spending most of the period in Colorado campaigning.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cpr.org/2026/06/19/bennet-weiser-woo-voters/"},{"claim":"After entering the governor's race April 10, Bennet raised about $3.5 million over the last three quarters of 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://coloradonewsline.com/2026/01/20/millions-raised-bennet-weiser-colorado/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B000490","name":"Sanford D. Bishop, Jr.","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"GA","score":26,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Sanford Bishop (D-GA2), a senior House Appropriations subcommittee leader since 1993, has no record of individual-stock trading and a modest disclosed net worth (~$153K in 2018), so the wealth-related metrics score low. His most significant accountability event was a 2020 Office of Congressional Ethics referral alleging improper personal use of campaign and official funds (golf, meals, fuel, Hilton Head family vacations); Bishop reimbursed many charges, and in January 2025 the House Ethics Committee closed the matter, finding non-compliance with personal-use rules but no intentional violation. His campaign money correlates with district agricultural interests and AFLAC (his home district), which aligns with his Agriculture Appropriations role though no quid-pro-quo is established. His career missed-vote rate (3.5%) is modestly above the chamber median but not extreme.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trades found for Bishop on congressional trade trackers (Capitol Trades, Quiver) or in disclosures; modest net worth dominated by non-stock assets. No STOCK Act trading activity identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"No Bishop individual-stock trades surface on congressional trade-tracking platforms.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/politicians"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated Bishop's net worth at roughly $153,502 (2018), modest for a long-tenured member, with no evidence of growth beyond salary/market. No abnormal enrichment identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bishop's estimated net worth was about $153,502 based on 2018 filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/sanford-bishop/net-worth?cid=N00002674"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: Bishop's top career donors concentrate in crop production/basic processing (~$188K) and AFLAC (~$49K, based in his district), aligning with his role as ranking member of the Agriculture Appropriations subcommittee. Typical of constituent-industry alignment; no quid-pro-quo established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Crop Production & Basic Processing (~$188,250) and AFLAC (~$49,475) are top contributors to Bishop, who leads the Agriculture Appropriations subcommittee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/sanford-bishop/industries?cid=N00002674&cycle=2022&type=P"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"A 2020 OCE report alleged Bishop improperly spent tens of thousands in campaign/official funds on personal expenses (golf, meals, fuel, liquor/groceries during family Hilton Head vacations; >$30K dues/range fees 2009-2019). He reimbursed many charges; Jan 2025 House Ethics closed the case finding non-compliance but no intentional violation.","evidence":[{"claim":"OCE found Bishop may have improperly spent campaign/official funds on golf, meals, travel, fuel and entertainment, including Hilton Head vacation expenses.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/ethics-report-says-rep-bishop-may-have-improperly-spent-campaign-funds-on-personal-expenses/2020/07/31/0323743e-d37b-11ea-9038-af089b63ac21_story.html"},{"claim":"House Ethics closed the matter finding members did not fully comply with personal-use standards, but violations were not intentional.","sourceUrl":"https://ethics.house.gov/press-releases/statement-of-the-committee-on-ethics-regarding-certain-investigative-matters-involving-allegations-of-personal-use-of-campaign-funds/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family lobbying/contracts tied to Bishop's office or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. No findings to report.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Career missed-vote rate is 3.5% (730 of 20,900 votes, 1993-May 2026), above the median 2.1% of currently serving members but not extreme. No evidence of heavy paid speeches; modest signal only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bishop missed 3.5% of roll-call votes (730 of 20,900) over his career, worse than the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/sanford_bishop/400030"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001260","name":"Vern Buchanan","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"FL","score":26,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Vern Buchanan (R-FL16), among the wealthiest members of Congress (~$100M+), built his fortune from auto dealerships and ~30 private LLCs before entering office in 2007, so his pre-office wealth is not scored. He is not an active individual-stock trader, so the stock_trading component is near-zero. The most substantive accountability concerns are correlation-type conflicts: as a senior Ways and Means member overseeing the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, he sponsored pass-through tax relief (Main Street Fairness Act) that could have saved his own LLCs millions, purchased a multimillion-dollar yacht financed by BMO Harris on the same day he voted for the tax bill while the bank lobbied on tax reform, and historically faced an FEC straw-donor matter (Hyundai of North Jacksonville) that the FEC and House Ethics Committee ultimately closed without action against him. None of these resulted in formal findings of wrongdoing against Buchanan, so they are flagged as conflicts/correlations rather than proven self-dealing.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Buchanan is not an active individual-stock trader; congressional-trading trackers show essentially no personal/spouse individual-equity transactions. His wealth sits in private businesses, not a managed stock portfolio, so STOCK Act trading risk is minimal. Near-zero score reflects absence of individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat congressional-trade profile shows no individual-stock trading activity for Buchanan; trackers list minimal/no personal equity transactions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/vern-buchanan/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative profile for Buchanan shows no displayed individual-stock trade volume.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Vern%20Buchanan-B001260"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Buchanan was already among the five wealthiest members of Congress (over $100M) when he took office in 2007, with wealth from auto dealerships, printing franchises and ~50 businesses. Per rubric, pre-office wealth is not scored, and no sourced evidence shows net-worth growth beyond salary/market/business returns attributable to his office. Scored 0 for lack of in-office enrichment data.","evidence":[{"claim":"In his June 2007 disclosure Buchanan reported over $100M in assets, among the five wealthiest members of Congress, from his automotive empire and ~50 businesses.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vern_Buchanan"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As senior Ways and Means member/Tax Policy Subcommittee chair overseeing the 2017 TCJA, Buchanan sponsored pass-through (LLC) tax relief that could have saved his own private companies up to ~$7.5M, and bought a yacht financed by BMO Harris the same day he voted for the tax bill while that bank lobbied on tax reform. Strong overlap between his official tax-writing role, personal financial interests, and creditor/donor interests; no formal finding of quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Buchanan's Main Street Fairness Act to cut taxes on pass-through LLCs could have saved his own companies up to ~$7.5M; he is officer/partner in ~29 private firms.","sourceUrl":"https://www.tampabay.com/florida-politics/buzz/2018/04/03/rep-vern-buchanan-stands-to-gain-bigly-from-tax-bill/"},{"claim":"Buchanan financed a ~73-foot yacht via a BMO Harris loan the same day he voted for the TCJA, while the bank lobbied on tax reform; ethics advocates called it an egregious conflict.","sourceUrl":"http://fcir.org/2018/08/21/vern-buchanan-yacht-loan-tax-bill/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence found of Buchanan converting campaign or leadership-PAC funds to personal use. The historic campaign-finance matter involved illegal straw donations INTO his campaign, not personal spending OUT of it. Scored 0 per the no-penalty-for-absence rule.","evidence":[{"claim":"Reporting on Buchanan's campaign-finance controversy concerns reimbursed (straw) contributions into his committee, not personal use of campaign funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2012/06/22/politics/congress-buchanan-allegations"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Buchanan's private auto-dealership network intersected with his campaign finances: the FEC alleged a dealership he co-owned (Hyundai of North Jacksonville) arranged ~$67,900 in reimbursed straw contributions to his campaign. The FEC found 'reason to believe' Buchanan knowingly received them but closed the file with no action; House Ethics ended its probe in 2016 citing insufficient evidence. Reflects business-to-office entanglement, though no staff-to-lobbyist pipeline or family lobbying contracts were documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC found reason to believe Buchanan violated law by receiving reimbursed contributions from his Hyundai dealership but took no further action; House Ethics closed its probe in 2016 citing insufficient evidence.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/the-influence-industry-fec-came-close-to-finding-against-buchanan-in-straw-donor-case/2011/12/21/gIQA5hL89O_story.html"},{"claim":"FEC pursued the Buchanan-tied dealership over $67,900 in employee straw contributions; partner Sam Kazran settled for $5,000.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2011/06/01/fec-goes-after-dealership-with-buchanan-ties-for-campaign-finance-infractions/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Buchanan missed 506 of 12,638 roll-call votes (4.0%) from 2007-2026, modestly worse than the ~2.1% median for sitting representatives. He is a prolific fundraiser as a senior Ways and Means member, but no sourced evidence ties missed votes specifically to fundraising or paid speeches. Low-moderate score for above-median absences without documented fundraising linkage.","evidence":[{"claim":"Buchanan missed 506 of 12,638 roll-call votes (4.0%) from Jan 2007-Jun 2026, worse than the 2.1% median among sitting representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/vern_buchanan/412196"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000399","name":"Lloyd Doggett","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"TX","score":26,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Lloyd Doggett (D-TX) is a long-serving House member (since 1995) who sits on the Ways & Means Committee and is an active individual-stock investor, with reporting aggregators citing roughly 249 PTR-filed trades and ~$3.2M in disclosed trade volume across a portfolio of 50+ individual equities. This volume of personal trading by a tax-writing committee member is the most notable accountability flag, though no suspicious-timing, insider, or market-beating-return findings are documented in public records. His reported net worth (estimated $22M-$77M range; ~$50M+ midpoint in 2026) is large but largely real-estate-based and substantially predates much of his tenure, so growth attributable to office is not clearly established. His missed-vote rate (~2.2% lifetime) is at the House median, and no campaign-fund personal-use, family-lobbying, or revolving-door findings surfaced in available records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":48,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Active individual-stock trader: aggregators report ~249 PTR-filed trades and ~$3.2M total disclosed volume across 50+ equities (Whole Foods, IBM, P&G, Coca-Cola, Chevron, Exxon, etc.). Recent 2026 filing shows a $5K+ Coca-Cola purchase. Elevated for volume plus membership on the tax-writing Ways & Means Committee (sector-overlap potential). No documented suspicious timing, insider activity, or market-beating returns; concentration is in consumer-defensive/tech index-like names rather than committee-jurisdiction speculation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Congressstock reports 249 total trades from PTR filings, ~$3.2M trade volume, 50+ individual stocks (Whole Foods, IBM, P&G, KO, CVX, XOM).","sourceUrl":"https://www.congressstock.com/politicians/lloyd-doggett/net-worth"},{"claim":"January 2026 filing shows Doggett bought over $5K of Coca-Cola (KO) stock.","sourceUrl":"https://www.benzinga.com/insights/government/26/01/49694225/recent-filing-shows-that-rep-lloyd-doggett-bought-over-5k-worth-of-coca-cola-stock"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Reported net worth is high (OpenSecrets ~$29.7M in 2018; later estimates $22M-$77M range, ~$50M+ midpoint by 2026) but is dominated by rental real estate (one holding valued up to $25M) and predates much of his tenure. No public analysis isolates growth beyond salary+market returns; pre-office/passive wealth is not scored, so no enrichment penalty is assigned.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated net worth ~$29.7M (2018); assets include rental property valued up to $25M plus Vanguard/Brown Advisory funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/lloyd-doggett/net-worth?cid=N00006023"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Doggett raises from typical Democratic donor bases (lawyers/law firms, retirees, pro-Israel groups such as J Street PAC) and publicly positions himself as a campaign-finance-reform advocate. No specific documented pattern of industry-concentrated money aligning with identifiable votes or bills surfaced in available records.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains Doggett's contributor and industry breakdowns; he is a Ways & Means / Health Subcommittee ranking member.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/lloyd-doggett/summary?cid=N00006023"},{"claim":"Listed as a candidate supported by J Street PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://jstreetpac.org/candidate/lloyd-doggett/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records, FEC findings, or reporting indicate personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee records (Doggett for Congress) are publicly filed; no personal-use enforcement findings located.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00286500/?tab=summary"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying, office-tied contracts, or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline surfaced in available public records. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"No family-lobbyist or revolving-door findings located in Wikipedia biography or FEC/OpenSecrets records.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 444 of 19,794 roll-call votes (2.2%) from 1995-2026, on par with the House median (~2.1%). No evidence of heavy paid-speech activity or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Attendance is consistent with diligent job performance.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack: Doggett missed 2.2% of votes (444 of 19,794), near the median for serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/lloyd_doggett/400111"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000560","name":"Rick Larsen","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"WA","score":26,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rick Larsen (D-WA2), in the House since 2001 and Ranking Member of the Transportation & Infrastructure Committee, is an active individual-stock trader: roughly 82 trades across ~58 companies totaling about $656K in volume, generally in small $1,001-$15,000 bands. Some holdings overlap his committee jurisdiction (e.g., Wabtec rail/transport, Carrier), creating sector-overlap concern, though trades are small, diversified, and show no documented suspicious timing or market-beating returns. His estimated net worth (~$1.3M, 272nd in Congress) is modest with no sign of growth beyond salary and market, and his top donor sectors (transportation/aerospace, including Boeing) align with his committee leadership as a correlation, not proof of quid pro quo. No evidence of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying, or notable absenteeism (2.4% lifetime missed votes, near the chamber median) was found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Active individual-stock trader: ~82 trades, ~$656K volume, 58 companies. Holds Wabtec (rail/transport) and Carrier, overlapping his Transportation & Infrastructure committee jurisdiction. Trades in small $1K-$15K bands, diversified, no documented suspicious timing or market-beating returns. Elevated for volume and committee-sector overlap; moderated by small size and lack of timing evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"82 trades, ~$656K volume across 58 companies including Wabtec (rail/transport) and Carrier; individual stocks not funds","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/rick-larsen/"},{"claim":"Disclosed STOCK Act trades include sales/purchases of individual stocks (ESS, MDLZ, VRSK, WM, META, DRI); up to $945K of trades parsed","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Rick%20Larsen-L000560"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$1.3M (2025), ranking 272nd in Congress. No evidence of growth beyond salary and market returns over his tenure. Holdings are modest: a condo, life insurance, retirement and brokerage accounts.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates net worth ~$1.3M as of Aug 2025, 272nd highest in Congress; holdings include Everett WA condo, life insurance, retirement accounts","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Rick%20Larsen-L000560/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As Ranking Member (former Aviation Subcommittee chair) of Transportation & Infrastructure, his top donor sectors are transportation, aerospace, and labor, with Boeing historically a top contributor. Donor concentration aligns with committee jurisdiction, but no specific vote-for-dollars link is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top corporate donors historically include Boeing; transportation and labor among largest contributing sectors","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/rick-larsen/summary?cid=N00009759"},{"claim":"Ranking Member of Transportation & Infrastructure Committee, former Aviation Subcommittee chair","sourceUrl":"https://democrats-transportation.house.gov/ranking-member-larsen"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit, and no FEC enforcement actions or personal-use investigations found in public records.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record available; no personal-use investigation or enforcement action identified in searches","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H0WA02080/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family members lobbying on matters tied to his office or of a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Larsen himself lobbied for the Washington State Dental Association before entering Congress, which predates office and is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Larsen was previously a lobbyist for the dental profession before taking office in 2001; no family lobbying tied to office found","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_Larsen"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 391 of 16,069 roll-call votes (2.4%) from 2001 to 2026, on par with the ~2.1% median of currently serving representatives. No evidence of heavy paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 2.4% of roll-call votes lifetime, near the median for current representatives","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/rick_larsen/400232"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"W000187","name":"Maxine Waters","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":26,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Maxine Waters (D-CA), the senior Democrat on the House Financial Services Committee, does not report trading individual stocks, and STOCK Act trackers list no personal or spousal securities transactions, keeping her stock-trading exposure low. Her disclosed net worth (roughly $1-3 million, heavily tied to a long-held Los Angeles residence) shows no clear evidence of growth beyond ordinary real-estate appreciation, and historic wealth predates much of her tenure. As a senior member of the \"big money\" Financial Services Committee, Waters has long received financial-sector contributions; this represents a money-influence correlation only, not proof of quid pro quo. The most documented concern is campaign spending: FEC records show her campaign, Citizens for Waters, paid her daughter Karen Waters well over $1 million since 2003 for slate-mailer and consulting work, and in 2025 the committee agreed to a $68,000 FEC fine for accepting excessive contributions, prohibited cash disbursements, and reporting failures. She also missed about 6.7% of roll-call votes over her career, above the chamber median, though no evidence ties absences to paid speaking or fundraising. No evidence of personal-use embezzlement of campaign funds or a family-lobbying revolving door was found beyond the daughter's campaign-vendor payments.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual stock trades disclosed for Waters or her spouse under the STOCK Act; trackers show zero trade activity. Her husband historically held OneUnited Bank stock (~$500k in 2007), but that is a static holding, not active trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat's congressional stock-trade profile for Maxine Waters shows zero individual stock trades ('No trade activity').","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/maxine-waters/"},{"claim":"Waters does not trade individual stocks and has not been accused of insider trading; her husband Sidney Williams held at least ~$500,000 in OneUnited Bank stock around 2007.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/maxine-waters-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Disclosed net worth is modest (~$0.8M in 2018 per OpenSecrets, roughly $1-3M in later estimates) and dominated by a long-held Los Angeles home that predates much of her tenure. No clear evidence of growth beyond salary and market/real-estate appreciation.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Waters' 2018 net worth at about $793,006, ranking 191st in the House, with real estate valued around $3 million.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/maxine-waters/net-worth?cid=N00006690"},{"claim":"Her primary asset is a long-owned Windsor Square (Los Angeles) residence that has appreciated over decades; 2024 net-worth estimates range roughly $1.5M assets against $1.4M liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/maxine-waters-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As senior Democrat / former chair of the Financial Services Committee, Waters has long received contributions from the finance, insurance, real estate, and securities sectors that her committee oversees. This is alignment of donor industries with jurisdiction, not evidence of quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Waters is the top Democrat on the House Financial Services Committee, which has jurisdiction over banks, insurance, and securities firms long noted as generous donors to committee members.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/cong-cmtes/overview?cmte=HFIN&cmtename=House+Financial+Services+Committee&cong=115"},{"claim":"Waters received contributions from the finance/insurance/real estate sector (e.g., ~$60,000 in the 2010 cycle), and OneUnited Bank executives were among her campaign contributors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/maxine-waters/summary?cid=N00006690"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"FEC records show Citizens for Waters paid her daughter Karen Waters more than $1.2 million since 2003 for slate-mailer and consulting work, and the committee agreed to a $68,000 FEC fine in 2025 for excessive contributions, prohibited cash disbursements, and reporting failures. Payments to a family-member vendor are legal but a recurring personal-benefit concern; no evidence of outright personal-luxury spending.","evidence":[{"claim":"Waters' campaign has paid her daughter Karen Waters more than $1.2 million since 2003 for slate-mailer operations and services such as fundraising and administrative work.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/2571904/all-in-the-family-democrat-maxine-waters-pays-thousands-more-from-campaign-to-daughter/"},{"claim":"A 2023 investigation found Waters' campaign paid daughter Karen $192,300 for a slate-mailer operation between January 2021 and December 2022.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/maxine-waters-pays-daughter-another-8k-campaign-funds-adding-1-1m-previous-payments"},{"claim":"In 2025 Citizens for Waters agreed to a $68,000 FEC fine for accepting $19,000 in excessive contributions, making prohibited cash disbursements totaling $7,000, and inaccurate reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/maxine-waters-campaign-pay-68000-violating-campaign-finance-laws"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Main nexus is family financial entanglement: daughter Karen Waters is a long-standing paid campaign vendor (slate mailers), and her late husband held OneUnited Bank stock/board ties that prompted a 2010-2012 House ethics inquiry (Waters was ultimately cleared). No documented family lobbying firm or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"The Office of Congressional Ethics found 'substantial reason to believe' Waters may have violated ethics rules over a Treasury meeting benefiting OneUnited Bank, where her husband held stock and a former board seat; she was later exonerated by the ethics committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.propublica.org/article/read-the-ethics-findings-for-rep.-maxine-waters"},{"claim":"Daughter Karen Waters has been a continuing paid campaign vendor, receiving over $1 million for slate-mailer and consulting work tied to the campaign.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/maxine-waters-pays-daughter-another-8k-campaign-funds-adding-1-1m-previous-payments"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Waters missed about 6.7% of roll-call votes over her career (1,472 of 21,865), well above the ~2.1% median, and missed roughly 37% of Financial Services hearings in a 2015-16 spot-check. No evidence links these absences to paid speeches or fundraising events; viral '90% of meetings missed' claims were debunked.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 1991 to June 2026 Waters missed 1,472 of 21,865 roll-call votes (6.7%), versus a 2.1% median for currently serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/maxine_waters/400422"},{"claim":"PolitiFact and FactCheck debunked claims she skipped 90% of meetings, but noted she missed about 37% of Financial Services hearings in a 2015-16 spot-check.","sourceUrl":"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2017/jun/15/teddystickcom/maxine-waters-has-not-skipped-90-percent-congressi/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"R000605","name":"Mike Rounds","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"SD","score":26,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Mike Rounds (R-SD) holds powerful committee seats (Armed Services, Banking, Appropriations, Intelligence), and his financial profile centers on South Dakota farms, a private Midwestern hotel investment club, and a family-associated equipment LLC rather than active public-stock trading. His most concrete accountability flag is a STOCK Act late-filing violation: he disclosed a $1M-$5M sale of nonpublic Aeronics stock more than five months late in May 2026, which his office attributed to a third-party investment firm. He also shows an above-median missed-vote rate (8.3% over his tenure) alongside ongoing six-figure fundraising. No sourced evidence was found of campaign-fund personal use or family lobbying/revolving-door arrangements, and no documented quid-pro-quo links donor money to his votes — so those areas are scored as insufficient-data or correlation-only rather than as findings.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Rounds' disclosed financial activity is dominated by farms, a private hotel investment club (Bird Dog Equity Partners, part-owner of 10 hotels), and a privately held equipment LLC (Aeronics Inc.) he is associated with — not active individual public-stock trading. Quiver references up to ~$26.5M of parsed transactions, but holdings appear largely fund/private-entity based with trades executed by third-party managers. He was 5+ months late disclosing a $1M-$5M sale of nonpublic Aeronics stock (filed May 2026), a STOCK Act late-filing violation; his office said the sale was made by a third-party firm without his direct involvement and did not confirm whether the $200 fine was paid. Score reflects the disclosure violation and trade volume, tempered by the absence of evidence of active individual public-stock trading with committee-sector timing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Rounds was 5+ months late disclosing a $1M-$5M sale of nonpublic Aeronics Inc. stock, a STOCK Act violation; office did not confirm fine payment.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/congress/senators-hickenlooper-rounds-stock-trading-act-violations-palantir-transparency-law"},{"claim":"Quiver references up to ~$26.5M of trades parsed from Rounds' STOCK Act filings; activity is largely private-entity/fund based.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Mike%20Rounds-R000605"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Rounds' 2023 disclosure shows assets in a $3.24M-$12.2M range; Quiver estimates ~$9.3M as of Feb 2026. Much of his wealth (farms, hotel investment club, family equipment LLC) appears to predate or be independent of office, and no reliable year-by-year tenure baseline was obtainable to isolate growth beyond salary/market. No evidence of anomalous enrichment; scored 0 for lack of attributable data rather than as a finding.","evidence":[{"claim":"Rounds' 2023 disclosure states net worth between $3.24M and $12.195M; Quiver estimated ~$9.3M as of Feb 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/mike-rounds-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Rounds sits on powerful committees — Armed Services, Banking/Housing (chairs the Securities, Insurance & Investment Subcommittee), Appropriations, and Intelligence — sectors (defense, finance/securities/insurance, banking) that are typically major Senate donor industries. His campaign receives finance, insurance, and defense-aligned contributions consistent with these assignments. No specific quid-pro-quo or documented vote-for-dollars link was established in available sources. Score reflects committee-sector overlap with likely donor concentration only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Rounds serves on Armed Services, Banking/Housing (chairs Securities, Insurance & Investment Subcommittee), Appropriations, and Intelligence committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rounds.senate.gov/about-mike/committee-assignments"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains Rounds' donor/industry contribution profile.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/mike-rounds/summary?cid=N00035187"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit. (A 2014-era controversy over a state loan to Northern Beef Packers dates to his governorship and involved state, not campaign, funds.) Scored 0 for absence of data, not as a clean-record penalty.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate overview for Rounds; no documented personal-use findings located.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4SD00049/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence found of family members lobbying tied to his office, office-linked contracts to relatives, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Scored 0 for absence of data.","evidence":[{"claim":"No family-lobbying or staff-revolving-door records surfaced in available reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Rounds"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"From Jan 2015 to May 2026, Rounds missed 350 of 4,238 roll-call votes (8.3%), well above the ~2.8% median for sitting senators. He continues active fundraising, disclosing tranches such as $342.1K and $413.1K in recent filings. The elevated missed-vote rate combined with ongoing fundraising supports a moderate score, though no evidence ties specific missed votes to fundraising events or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Rounds missed 350 of 4,238 votes (8.3%) Jan 2015-May 2026, vs. a 2.8% senator median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/mike_rounds/412669"},{"claim":"Rounds disclosed recent fundraising tranches of $342.1K and $413.1K.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/fundraising-update-senator-mike-rounds-just-disclosed-4131k-new-fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001203","name":"Tina Smith","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"MN","score":26,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Tina Smith (D-MN), who has announced she will not seek reelection in 2026, has faced the most accountability scrutiny over household stock trading. Her husband Archie Smith, a longtime medical-device investor, made six-figure purchases in medical-technology firms (e.g., Tactile Systems, Artivion) in late 2023 while Smith sits on the Senate HELP (Health) Committee; the household portfolio reportedly returned 35.4% in 2023 versus the S&P 500's ~24.8%, and one med-tech stock surged ~48% shortly after purchase. Smith states she has no role in or knowledge of her husband's investment decisions, and no insider-trading charges or findings have been made — the concerns are conflict-of-interest and timing allegations raised by media and political critics, not proven self-dealing. On other dimensions she shows a clean record: a low 2.0% missed-vote rate, no documented FEC personal-use or revolving-door findings, and net-worth growth largely attributable to her husband's pre-existing investment career rather than office tenure.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":52,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Active individual-stock trading via spouse Archie Smith (a career medical-device investor), with direct sector overlap to Smith's seat on the Senate Health (HELP) Committee. ~33 transactions since 2018; six-figure med-tech buys (Tactile Systems, Artivion) in Nov 2023, one surging ~48% post-purchase; household reportedly returned 35.4% in 2023 vs S&P ~24.8%. Elevated for volume, committee-sector overlap, suspicious timing and market-beating returns; tempered because trades are spouse's and Smith disclaims any role/knowledge, with no charges or findings.","evidence":[{"claim":"Archie Smith bought $100K-$250K Tactile Systems (Nov 8, 2023) and $50K-$100K Artivion (Nov 10, 2023), both Minnesota-area medical-device firms; flagged as potential conflicts given Smith's Health Committee role.","sourceUrl":"https://alphanews.org/stock-trade-of-sen-tina-smiths-husband-draws-scrutiny/"},{"claim":"Per Unusual Whales, Smith household portfolio returned 35.4% in 2023 vs the S&P 500's ~24.8%; a med-tech holding rose ~48% shortly after purchase. Smith says she has no role in her husband's investment decisions.","sourceUrl":"https://racketmn.com/hmm-how-is-mn-sen-tina-smith-so-incredible-at-stock-trading"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Net worth rose from ~$1.7M (2018) to ~$5.3M (2026, Quiver estimate). However, growth is largely attributable to her husband's pre-existing, decades-long investment career and overall market appreciation rather than demonstrable office-linked enrichment beyond salary+market. Low score reflects difficulty isolating tenure-driven gains from pre-office wealth and spousal earnings.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Smith's net worth at ~$5.3M as of May 2026; 2018 estimate was ~$1.7M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Tina%20Smith-S001203/net-worth"},{"claim":"2023 disclosure shows assets $3.36M-$7.61M and liabilities $750K-$1.5M, with holdings including up to $1M DexCom and Berkshire Hathaway.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/memberdisclosure/3201/Sen_Tina_Smith.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Smith sits on the Senate HELP Committee with jurisdiction over health/biomedical policy, and her household is heavily invested in (and reportedly trades) medical-device and pharma-adjacent stocks; health-sector donors are recurrent contributors per OpenSecrets. No specific quid-pro-quo vote-for-dollars link is documented; the overlap of committee jurisdiction, sector investments, and industry contributions is suggestive but not proof of influence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Smith has served on the Senate HELP (Health) Committee since 2018, which has jurisdiction over biomedical research and health legislation, overlapping with her household's med-tech investments.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/articles/senator-tina-smith-s-stock-controversy-insider-trading-concerns-2023-11-29"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Smith's industry contributions including health/pharmaceutical sector donors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00042353"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented FEC enforcement action, Matter Under Review, or credible reporting of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit was found. Absence is not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"No FEC personal-use investigation or violation identified for Smith's committee; FEC committee record shows routine filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00663781/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying, government contracts tied to her office, or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was found in public reporting. Her husband is a private investor, not a registered lobbyist on matters before her office. Absence is not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"Public reporting describes Archie Smith as an independent medical-device investor, not a lobbyist; no family lobbying/contract ties to Smith's office were reported.","sourceUrl":"https://alphanews.org/stock-trade-of-sen-tina-smiths-husband-draws-scrutiny/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 69 of 3,411 roll-call votes (2.0%) from Jan 2018 to May 2026, better than the 2.8% Senate median. No reporting of heavy paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Low score reflects a clean attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Smith missed 2.0% of roll-call votes (69 of 3,411) Jan 2018-May 2026, better than the 2.8% median for serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/tina_smith/412742"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001232","name":"Tim Sheehy","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"MT","score":26,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Tim Sheehy is a first-term Republican senator (sworn in January 2025) and wealthy co-founder of aerial-firefighting firm Bridger Aerospace, with a disclosed net worth estimated between $100M and $300M, most of it predating his office. His sharpest accountability issue is a conflict of interest: while holding roughly $13-15M in Bridger stock, he pushed in early 2025 to eliminate Forest Service airworthiness inspections, with a leaked draft executive order edited by both his policy adviser and a Bridger lobbyist, the same month a Bridger aircraft failed such an inspection (per ProPublica). He pledged not to personally trade stocks, donated his Senate salary, and moved Bridger holdings into blind trusts, though ethicists note the trustees are executives of a company formerly run by his brother, undermining the trusts' independence. His missed-vote rate (about 2.9%) is near the Senate median, and no documented campaign-funds personal-use or net-worth-enrichment-in-office findings surfaced in available public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Sheehy sold dozens of individual stocks (Coinbase, Tesla, Amazon, Carvana, Roblox) in 2024 BEFORE taking office, and pledged not to personally trade as a senator. Bridger holdings ($10-50M) moved to blind trusts. No documented in-office personal-stock trading; pre-office sales are not Senate STOCK Act activity, so score is low.","evidence":[{"claim":"Sheehy sold dozens of individual stocks in 2024 and his office says he will not personally trade stocks and donated his Senate salary; moved $10-50M Bridger stock into blind trusts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/tim-sheehy-senate-financial-disclosure-aviation-assets-bridger-aerospace/article_6aeb52ea-97d2-4d77-83dd-f24d7d6c905b.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated $100M-$300M, but this wealth is overwhelmingly pre-office (Bridger Aerospace founder, Turtle Lake Holding >$50M). Pre-office wealth is not scored, and no public record documents net-worth growth beyond salary/market during his ~18 months in office.","evidence":[{"claim":"2024 disclosure estimates net worth $100M-$300M, largest asset Turtle Lake Holding (>$50M), built on pre-office Bridger Aerospace and investments.","sourceUrl":"https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/tim-sheehy-senate-financial-disclosure-aviation-assets-bridger-aerospace/article_6aeb52ea-97d2-4d77-83dd-f24d7d6c905b.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. A pro-Sheehy super PAC received $4.6M from Blackstone's Stephen Schwarzman (34% of its receipts) plus prior $400K; Blackstone-affiliated donors were his 7th-largest contributor group. Separately, his early-2025 push to cut firefighting-aircraft inspections aligned with the aerial-firefighting industry (United Aerial Firefighters Association, of which he was a founding board member) and his own former company's interest. The inspection push is a direct industry-aligned action, raising this above a baseline.","evidence":[{"claim":"Schwarzman gave $4.6M (34% of receipts) to a pro-Sheehy super PAC plus an earlier $400K; Blackstone employees were his 7th-largest contributor group.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/tim-sheehy/summary?cid=N00053174"},{"claim":"Sheehy was a founding board member of the United Aerial Firefighters Association, which shaped the draft order to let contractors set their own inspection standards.","sourceUrl":"https://montanafreepress.org/2026/06/10/tim-sheehy-bridger-aerospace-forest-service-inspection/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public record found documenting campaign-committee or leadership-PAC (Sheehy Majority Cmte) funds spent on personal benefit. Per rules, absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC and OpenSecrets list Sheehy's campaign and Sheehy Majority Cmte PAC expenditures; no documented personal-use finding surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/sheehy-majority-cmte/C00865634/expenditures/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong family/former-company ties to official action. While holding ~$13-15M in Bridger stock, Sheehy pushed in March-April 2025 to end Forest Service airworthiness inspections; a leaked draft executive order was edited by both his policy adviser AND a Bridger lobbyist, the same month a Bridger aircraft failed an inspection. His Bridger 'blind' trusts are managed by executives at an energy firm formerly run by his brother Matt, which ethics counsel say defeats the trusts' independence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Leaked draft executive order eliminating inspections was edited by a Sheehy policy adviser and a Bridger Aerospace lobbyist, same month Bridger failed an inspection; Sheehy held $13-15M in Bridger stock.","sourceUrl":"https://www.propublica.org/article/tim-sheehy-bridger-aerospace-forest-service-inspection"},{"claim":"Sheehy's Bridger blind trusts are run by executives at a firm formerly run by his brother; ethics counsel Cynthia Brown says picking a family member's company defeats the rules' purpose.","sourceUrl":"https://montanafreepress.org/2026/06/10/tim-sheehy-bridger-aerospace-forest-service-inspection/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"From Jan 2025 to June 2026, Sheehy missed 24 of 830 roll-call votes (2.9%), essentially at the Senate median of ~2.8%. No documented pattern of skipping votes for fundraising or paid speeches. Low score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Sheehy missed 24 of 830 roll call votes (2.9%) Jan 2025-Jun 2026, on par with the ~2.8% median for serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/tim_sheehy/456966"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001261","name":"John Barrasso","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"WY","score":25,"coverage":2,"former":false,"summary":"Barrasso's disclosed portfolio is dominated by broad index and mutual funds (Vanguard total-market/bond/Wellington) with limited individual-stock exposure, and trackers show little active trading. As a longtime fossil-fuel advocate now serving as Majority Whip and a senior Energy/Environment figure, his voting record aligns with the oil-and-gas industry that is among his top donors — a correlation OpenSecrets documents, not proof of quid pro quo. No public reporting surfaced on campaign-fund personal use or revolving-door enrichment. His main accountability flag is donor/policy alignment in energy.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Holdings are overwhelmingly broad index/mutual funds (Vanguard VTSAX, VWENX, VBTLX) with limited single-name exposure (e.g., Berkshire BRK-B). Little tracked active trading; low overlap of individual-stock trading with committee sectors.","evidence":[{"claim":"Barrasso's disclosure lists up to $5M each in Vanguard total-market, Wellington, and total-bond funds, plus up to $1M Berkshire Hathaway B.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+John+Barrasso+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Congressional trade trackers show his portfolio consists primarily of funds rather than actively traded individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://stockcircle.com/congress-stock-trades/john-barrasso"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated ~$10.3M net worth (2025), but no reliable longitudinal data found isolating in-office growth beyond salary/market returns. Pre-office wealth (physician) not scored. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Barrasso's net worth at ~$10.3M as of Sept 2025; composed largely of broad market funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+John+Barrasso+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":50,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Oil & gas is among his top donor industries (OpenSecrets reports $585K+ over 2012-2017), and his record consistently favors fossil fuels and opposes climate regulation while holding senior energy/environment roles. No quid pro quo asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets reports Barrasso received $585,000+ from the oil and gas industry (2012-2017); it is among his top industries.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/john-a-barrasso/industries?cid=N00006236&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"Barrasso has a long record as a fossil-fuel defender, opposing carbon taxes/cap-and-trade and EPA/EV mandates.","sourceUrl":"https://www.lcv.org/moc/john-barrasso/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting found alleging personal use of campaign/leadership-PAC funds. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No specific public reporting found tying family lobbying/contracts or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline to his office. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public data found on elevated missed votes paired with heavy paid speeches/fundraising. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"T000476","name":"Thom Tillis","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"NC","score":25,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Thom Tillis (R-NC), a senator since 2015 who announced he will not seek reelection in 2026, has a modest individual-stock trading footprint: reported transactions exist (including IBM-distributed Kyndryl shares) but volumes are small and he had one ~9-month-late STOCK Act disclosure that his office blamed on a website processing error. His financial profile is dominated by real estate and funds, with most wealth built pre-office at IBM and PwC, so net-worth enrichment from office is not evident. The clearest accountability signals are heavy financial-sector campaign money concentrated alongside his seats on the Banking and Finance Committees (correlation, not proof) and an above-median missed-vote rate (7.2% lifetime). Older controversies (2012 staff-lobbyist relationships, 2014-era PAC-coordination and straw-donor complaints) bear on revolving-door and campaign-conduct context but are not findings of personal-use enrichment.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Trackers report roughly 98 transactions across ~96 stocks since 2015, mostly small ($1,001-$15,000) lots; includes Kyndryl shares distributed via IBM. One ~9-month-late STOCK Act filing (Aug 2022 Kyndryl sale disclosed July 2023), which his office attributed to a website processing error. Sits on Banking and Finance Committees, creating sector-overlap potential, but no documented suspicious timing or market-beating returns. Low volume and small dollar amounts keep the score modest.","evidence":[{"claim":"Tillis disclosed an Aug 2022 Kyndryl sale ~9 months late; office cited a website processing error; ~98 transactions across ~96 stocks reported since 2015.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rawstory.com/raw-investigates/congress-stock-trades-tom-tillis/"},{"claim":"Trading activity profile and trade tracking for Tillis.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Thom%20Tillis-T000476"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$7.7M-$10.9M, dominated by real estate (Huntersville, Washington, Nashville residences) and bond/equity funds. Reporting indicates most wealth was built pre-office during his IBM and PwC careers, which the rubric excludes. No sourced evidence of growth beyond salary plus market returns attributable to office, so no penalty applied.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth estimated ~$7.7M-$10.9M; holdings are mainly residences and funds; wealth largely predates Congress (IBM, PwC).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Thom%20Tillis-T000476/net-worth"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finances net worth profile.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/thom-tillis/net-worth?cid=N00035492"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":52,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Heavy financial-sector concentration alongside Banking and Finance Committee seats: career totals include ~$836K commercial banking, ~$709K private equity, ~$328K hedge funds, with top 2020 donors Blackstone, Truist, Goldman Sachs, Bank of America, Wells Fargo. OpenSecrets dubbed him a 'Wall Street ally.' Demonstrates concentration and committee alignment; no specific quid-pro-quo vote established, so this reflects access/alignment rather than proven self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top 2020 donors were big banks/Wall Street; career totals ~$836K commercial banking, ~$709K private equity, ~$328K hedge funds; all on Banking Committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2023/01/wall-street-ally-sen-thom-tillis-tapped-to-join-gop-leadership/"},{"claim":"Campaign finance summary and industry breakdown.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/thom-tillis/summary?cid=N00035492"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit. Existing complaints concern alleged illegal coordination with outside PACs (Cambridge Analytica/Bolton SuperPAC, NRA) and a straw-donor scheme involving DeJoy employees, none of which are personal-use enrichment findings. Absence is not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"Complaints relate to alleged PAC coordination and a straw-donor scheme, not personal use of campaign funds for private benefit.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wral.com/report-ties-nra-money-to-tillis-campaign-consultants-via-third-group/17701974/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"A 2012 state-era scandal saw his chief of staff and a policy adviser resign over relationships with lobbyists; the adviser had herself moved from lobbying into his office (revolving door), and he gave both severance. This predates his Senate tenure and is conduct-related rather than a family-contract or systematic staff-to-lobbyist enrichment pattern. No sourced evidence of family members lobbying his office or contracts tied to his position.","evidence":[{"claim":"Tillis chief of staff and a policy adviser (a former lobbyist who joined his staff) resigned over lobbyist relationships; he paid both severance.","sourceUrl":"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2014/apr/25/thom-tillis/thom-tillis-senate-majority-pac-disagree-disgraced/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Missed 308 of 4,289 roll-call votes (7.2%) from 2015 to June 2026, well above the ~2.8% senator median, and was 5th-most-absent among 10+ year senators in 2024. He disclosed a ~$2.0M fundraising haul in a single recent period, indicating active fundraising. Above-median absenteeism plus heavy fundraising supports a moderate score; no sourced paid-speech data.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 7.2% of votes (308 of 4,289), far above the 2.8% median; 5th-most-absent senator among 10+ year members in 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/thom_tillis/412668"},{"claim":"Disclosed ~$2.0M of new fundraising in a reporting period.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/fundraising-update-senator-thom-tillis-just-disclosed-20m-new-fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"T000486","name":"Ritchie Torres","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"NY","score":25,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Ritchie Torres represents New York's 15th District (the Bronx) and sits on the House Financial Services Committee and the China select committee. In August 2025 he disclosed 156 transactions, most of them months late; his office acknowledged the STOCK Act violation, blamed an outside manager, and moved to index funds. His disclosed personal assets are modest, about $250,000. Crypto-aligned super PACs spent about $1.7 million supporting him before his June 2026 primary, which lines up with his Financial Services and crypto-caucus work but is not evidence of any official act in exchange. His attendance is close to the House median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of Torres's House Clerk filings finds 156 individual-stock and Treasury transactions, all owned by the member, sized $1,001–$15,000 each (about $156K–$2.3M total), bought mostly on Sept. 26, 2024 and largely sold July 11, 2025. 87 of them were disclosed late (up to 283 days past the trade) on a single report filed Aug. 20, 2025; his office confirmed the STOCK Act violation and blamed an outside manager. The buys included banks and asset managers (JPMorgan, Morgan Stanley, BlackRock, Blackstone, U.S. Bancorp) while he sits on the Financial Services Committee. He says he has since limited his account to index funds, mutual funds and ETFs, and his 2025 annual report lists only an S&P 500 ETF, a health-care fund and cash.","evidence":[{"claim":"Periodic transaction report signed Aug. 20, 2025 lists purchases dated 09/26/2024 of BlackRock, Blackstone, Morgan Stanley and U.S. Bancorp stock, each $1,001–$15,000, plus a Lockheed Martin purchase the same day.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030930.pdf"},{"claim":"NOTUS reported Aug. 22, 2025 that Torres was months late disclosing more than 70 stock purchases made June 2024–June 2025; his office confirmed the STOCK Act violation, said a third-party manager made the trades, and said only index funds, mutual funds and ETFs are now permitted.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/new-york/ritchie-torres-stock-act?redirected=notus_org"},{"claim":"Sludge reported the September 2024 Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman and L3Harris purchases were not reported until nearly a year later; his office said he will no longer buy individual corporate stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2025/08/25/torres-invested-in-weapons-makers-as-he-backed-billions-in-arms-for-israel/"},{"claim":"His 2025 annual disclosure (filed Aug. 13, 2026) lists a Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (~$184K), a Vanguard health-care fund (~$10K), a Citibank account and a life-insurance policy, and no individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10078169.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":2,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Torres's 2025 annual report shows modest assets: roughly $184K in an S&P 500 ETF, about $46K in a bank account, a small mutual fund and a life-insurance cash value, with no liabilities. Nothing in the filings suggests wealth growth beyond salary and ordinary market returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report lists a Citibank balance of $46,267.03, VOO balance of $184,372.48, a $10,421.20 health-care fund and no liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10078169.pdf"},{"claim":"NOTUS reported he moved about $170,000 from a bank account to a Janney Montgomery Scott adviser in 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/new-york/ritchie-torres-stock-act?redirected=notus_org"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Torres sits on Financial Services (including its digital-assets subcommittee) and co-founded the Congressional Crypto Caucus. Before his June 2026 primary, crypto-aligned super PACs spent for him: the Fellowship PAC (largest funder Cantor Fitzgerald) about $300,000 and Fairshake-affiliated Protect Progress nearly $1.4 million, per The Intercept. That is outside spending, not direct contributions. FEC shows $700,550 in PAC contributions to his campaign in the 2026 cycle and $13.99M cash on hand at June 30, 2026.","evidence":[{"claim":"The Intercept (June 19, 2026): Fellowship PAC spent $300,000 to boost Torres before his primary; Protect Progress spent nearly $1.4 million; Torres sits on Financial Services and co-founded the Congressional Crypto Caucus.","sourceUrl":"https://theintercept.com/2026/06/19/crypto-donations-ritchie-torres-fellowship-pac/"},{"claim":"FEC 2026-cycle summary: $6,908,654.83 receipts, $700,550 from PACs/other committees, $13,986,720.96 cash on hand at 06/30/2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H0NY15160/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint about campaign spending by Torres was found. His large cash balance ($13.99M at June 30, 2026) is noted but is not evidence of personal use.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying, staff-to-industry pipeline or contracts tied to the office were found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":6,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview records 22 missed of 674 roll calls in the 119th Congress (3.3%), a little above the ~1.9% House median. No pattern tied to fundraising was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th House roll-call data: Torres missed 22 votes (3.3%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000601","name":"Greg Landsman","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"OH","score":25,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Greg Landsman, a Cincinnati Democrat first elected in 2022, sits on the Energy and Commerce Committee. His household traded actively through joint and spouse accounts, and 84 of 170 trades in Greederboard's 2024-2025 data were reported after the STOCK Act's 45-day window, some by more than 500 days. He acknowledged the filings were late, sold the couple's individual stocks in March 2025, and co-sponsors bills to restrict member stock trading. His disclosed wealth is modest and his PAC money is broad and labor-heavy. He misses about 1% of votes.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"House Clerk periodic transaction reports filed Aug 2024 to May 2025 list 170 trades (168 individual stocks), all owned jointly (100) or by his spouse (70), worth roughly $1.0M-$4.5M by disclosed ranges. 84 of them were filed more than 45 days after the trade; the Aug 14, 2024 report alone disclosed trades going back to Jan 2023, up to 535 days past the deadline. Holdings traded include health names (Eli Lilly, Intuitive Surgical, Regeneron, Pfizer, UnitedHealth) and tech names that overlap his current Energy and Commerce health and communications subcommittees, though most trades predate that assignment. In March 2025 he and his wife sold their individual stocks, which his office tied to the TRUST in Congress Act he co-sponsors.","evidence":[{"claim":"Landsman's Aug 14, 2024 periodic transaction report lists joint and spouse stock trades dated as early as Jan 12, 2023, notified Aug 8, 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2024/20025622.pdf"},{"claim":"Newsweek reported Landsman disclosed more than 80 late trades from 2023 on Aug 14, 2024, including Uber, Microsoft and Apple.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsweek.com/1947459"},{"claim":"His April 8, 2025 report lists sales on March 27, 2025 including L3Harris, Philip Morris International and UnitedHealth Group.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20029084.pdf"},{"claim":"Dayton Daily News estimated the March 27, 2025 sales at $379,000 to $1.44 million; his spokesperson said they bring his investments into compliance with the TRUST in Congress Act.","sourceUrl":"https://www.daytondailynews.com/local/area-congressman-dumps-stock-after-admitting-to-violating-rules/VPYZJJY4VFCJHOZCFQZ7YCFMT4/"},{"claim":"Fox News reported (Oct 18, 2024) that a former Commerce Department inspector general filed an ethics complaint over the late disclosures; Landsman said, 'We disclosed the trades, but late, and it's been fixed.'","sourceUrl":"https://foxnews.com/politics/gop-challenger-in-key-house-race-blasts-dem-opponents-explanation-on-ethics-complaint-not-satisfied.amp"},{"claim":"A May 2025 report discloses a spouse Exxon Mobil exchange dated May 6, 2024 and a spouse Kroger sale of $250,001-$500,000 on May 9, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030207.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"His 2025 annual disclosure shows modest household wealth: the largest single asset is his wife's IRA holding an S&P 500 ETF ($250,001-$500,000). It also shows a Fidelity margin loan ($100,001-$250,000) and a mortgage, both marked paid in full in 2025. His wife's salary comes from 84.51, a Kroger-owned company. Nothing in the filings shows growth beyond salary, savings and market returns. Separately, the Washington Free Beacon reported that his amended 2022 candidate report, filed Jan 2025, showed 54 holdings worth $377,000 to about $1.5 million against six on the original.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report: spouse traditional IRA in iShares Core S&P 500 ETF valued $250,001-$500,000; Fidelity margin account liability $100,001-$250,000 paid in full in 2025; spouse salary from 84.51 (owned by Kroger).","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10074384.pdf"},{"claim":"Landsman filed an amendment to his 2022 financial disclosure on Jan 24, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2022/10056111.pdf"},{"claim":"Free Beacon: the amended 2022 report shows 54 holdings worth $377,000 to nearly $1.5 million versus six holdings worth $90,000-$300,000 originally; the STOCK Act covers members, not candidates.","sourceUrl":"https://freebeacon.com/?p=2162038"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. FEC bulk data show about $1.01M in PAC and committee contributions to his campaign in the 2026 cycle from 286 committees, the largest blocks being labor unions (~$233K) and Democratic leadership PACs. Health-sector PACs, relevant to his Energy and Commerce Health subcommittee seat, made up about 11% by Greederboard's keyword classification of donor names. This is a typical diversified pattern with no documented donor-to-action link.","evidence":[{"claim":"Landsman for Congress: 2023-24 receipts $3,719,975, including $941,426 from other committees; he also sponsors a leadership PAC, Democracy & Freedom PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2OH01194/?cycle=2024"},{"claim":"FEC committee-to-candidate file (2025-26): ~$1.01M from 286 committees to H2OH01194; ~$233K from labor PACs; health-related PACs ~11% by keyword classification.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2026/pas226.zip"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement matter, ethics finding or reporting about personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds was found. Absence of evidence is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate page for Landsman lists his principal committee and leadership PAC with no enforcement action shown.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2OH01194/?cycle=2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying, contracts tied to the office, or staff-to-lobby pipeline was found. His wife works for 84.51, a Kroger-owned data firm, which is not lobbying. Not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report lists spouse salary from 84.51 (owned by Kroger) and his own position as member and manager of Landsman & Associates, LLC.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10074384.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview records show 667 votes cast and 7 missed in the 119th Congress, a 1.0% missed-vote rate, below the ~2% House median.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th House roll-call data: Landsman cast 667 votes and missed 7 (1.0%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001088","name":"Christopher A. Coons","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"DE","score":24,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Coons is among the wealthier senators (estimated ~$16.3M), with most wealth in real estate and a $1M-$5M stake in family-linked manufacturer W.L. Gore & Associates, where he previously worked as in-house counsel handling government relations. Trackers cite up to ~$8.3M in STOCK Act-tracked transactions but his disclosed publicly traded holdings are modest (~$110K) and past individual trades were small. The W.L. Gore connection, combined with votes on medical-device and chemical-research measures the company lobbied for, is a notable correlation flagged by watchdogs, not proof of quid-pro-quo. His missed-vote rate (3.0%) is near the Senate median, and no campaign-fund personal-use findings were identified.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Trackers cite up to ~$8.3M tracked transactions; individual trades (NFLX, AAPL, MSFT in 2018-19) were small (≤$15K each), but a $1M-$5M concentrated stake in family-linked W.L. Gore raises committee/sector-overlap concerns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Coons has ~$8.3M in STOCK Act-tracked trades; documented individual trades include selling NFLX (Oct 2018), buying AAPL (Oct 2018) and selling MSFT (May 2019), each up to $15K.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Christopher+A.+Coons+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Coons owns between $1M and $5M of stock in W.L. Gore & Associates, his former employer and family-linked company.","sourceUrl":"https://therevolvingdoorproject.org/revolver-spotlight-chris-coons/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated ~$16.3M net worth (79th in Congress), heavily tied to real estate and a large pre-office W.L. Gore stake; some growth but largely attributable to that concentrated holding rather than clearly demonstrated abnormal gains.","evidence":[{"claim":"Coons is estimated worth $16.3M (Sept 2025), 79th in Congress, with wealth concentrated in real estate and W.L. Gore stock.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Christopher+A.+Coons+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: Coons voted for medical-device tax breaks and a chemical-research bill W.L. Gore lobbied for (~$360K), holds $1M-$5M in the company, and was the 3rd-highest pharma recipient (~$124K) in 2020. No quid-pro-quo asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Coons voted for medical-device tax breaks (2019) and a pro-corporate chemical-research bill (2020) that W.L. Gore lobbied for (~$360K), while holding $1M-$5M in the company.","sourceUrl":"https://therevolvingdoorproject.org/revolver-spotlight-chris-coons/"},{"claim":"In 2020 Coons was the third-highest Senate recipient of pharmaceutical-industry donations, over $124,000, from donors including AstraZeneca, Merck, Pfizer and J&J.","sourceUrl":"https://therevolvingdoorproject.org/revolver-spotlight-chris-coons/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented FEC personal-use findings for campaign or leadership-PAC funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"No FEC personal-use violation involving Coons was identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/help-candidates-and-committees/making-disbursements/personal-use/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Coons worked as in-house counsel handling federal government relations at family-linked W.L. Gore (run by his stepfather Robert Gore) before office, retains a $1M-$5M stake, and has advanced IP/medical-device policy favoring such firms.","evidence":[{"claim":"Coons worked at W.L. Gore as in-house counsel responsible for federal government relations, where his stepfather Robert W. Gore ran the company; he retains $1M-$5M in its stock and backed IP rewrites favoring large corporations including it.","sourceUrl":"https://therevolvingdoorproject.org/revolver-spotlight-chris-coons/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 165 of 5,473 roll-call votes (3.0%) from 2010-2026, near the Senate median (~2.8%); no heavy paid-speech substitution documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Coons missed 3.0% of roll-call votes (165 of 5,473) Nov 2010-June 2026, near the Senate median of 2.8%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/christopher_coons/412390"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000558","name":"Brett Guthrie","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"KY","score":24,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Brett Guthrie (R-KY-02), in the House since 2009 and chair of the Energy and Commerce Committee since January 2025, has a notably clean record on the dimensions most associated with self-dealing: he holds no individual common stocks and has no STOCK Act trading history, his wealth growth is documented as passive (family trusts holding private Trace Die Cast stock, not active trading or market-beating timing), and his vote-attendance record is excellent (0.7% missed). The strongest accountability signal is money-in-politics: Guthrie is the top congressional recipient of pharmaceutical, medical-device, and health-services money (over $1.8M career from pharma/health products), and as E&C chair he oversees Medicare/Medicaid/drug policy while sponsoring industry-favored legislation such as a small-molecule Medicare drug-negotiation exemption—a correlation, not proof of a quid pro quo. A secondary concern is his uncompensated board seat on family business Trace Die Cast (auto/aluminum components), in which he holds $2.3M-$10.5M, while sitting on a committee touching motor-vehicle and commerce policy and advocating aluminum-tariff exemptions. No reported campaign-funds personal-use findings or family-lobbying pipeline were found in public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Guthrie owns no individual common stocks and has no STOCK Act transaction history. Wealth is held in family trusts, mutual funds, and insurance/bank accounts, not traded equities. No volume, timing, or committee-overlap trading signal exists.","evidence":[{"claim":"Analysis confirms Guthrie doesn't own individual common stocks; growth came from passive family-trust investments, not active trading.","sourceUrl":"https://huntrjay.substack.com/p/guthrie-growth"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative tracks his congressional trading; no individual-stock transactions are recorded.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Brett%20Guthrie-G000558"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Minimum net worth rose from ~$208K (2011) to ~$7.24M (2023) on a flat $174K salary. Growth is attributed to appreciation of a 25% share in the Lowell Guthrie Irrevocable Trust (100% private Trace Die Cast stock), valued $5M-$25M by 2023. This reflects appreciation of pre-office family assets rather than salary-beating active investing; modest score reflects magnitude with strong passive/inherited explanation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Minimum net worth grew from ~$208K (2011) to $7.24M (2023) despite flat $174K salary, driven by family trust holding Trace Die Cast stock.","sourceUrl":"https://huntrjay.substack.com/p/guthrie-growth"},{"claim":"2018 estimated net worth around $7.66M per OpenSecrets disclosure data.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/brett-guthrie/net-worth?cid=N00029675"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Guthrie is the single largest congressional recipient of pharma/health-products money ($507K in 2024; $1.8M+ career) and top House recipient from health services and medical devices, while chairing Energy & Commerce, which oversees Medicare/Medicaid and drug pricing. He sponsored H.R. 7174 to exempt small-molecule drugs from Medicare price negotiation, language echoed in PhRMA/Pfizer/Merck lobbying. High donor concentration plus aligned legislation, but no evidence of explicit quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top congressional recipient of pharma/health money; $507K in 2024, $1.8M+ career; sponsored small-molecule Medicare negotiation exemption favored by PhRMA/Pfizer/Merck while chairing E&C.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2024/12/20/top-pharma-cash-recipient-takes-key-industry-oversight-job/"},{"claim":"Industry contribution breakdown by cycle for Guthrie.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/brett-guthrie/industries?cid=N00029675&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public record of campaign-committee or BRETTPAC leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit, and no adjudicated FEC personal-use finding was located. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"BRETTPAC leadership PAC profile shows fundraising/disbursements; no personal-use findings reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/brettpac/C00483487/summary/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Guthrie holds an uncompensated board seat on family firm Trace Die Cast (auto/aluminum components, $2.3M-$10.5M stake, $5K-$15K annual dividends) while serving on Energy & Commerce and the Aluminum Caucus, and advocated aluminum-tariff exemptions; the company received ~$5.6M in SBA loans 2010-2012. A 2019 House rule bars board service only at public companies, so his private-firm seat is permitted. Public Citizen flagged the conflict. No evidence of family members lobbying him or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Uncompensated board member of family's Trace Die Cast; $2.3M-$10.5M interest; serves on E&C and Aluminum Caucus and pushed tariff exemptions; ethics expert flagged conflict.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2019/01/23/congressman-sits-on-board-of-family-business-could-influence-policy-to-help-it/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Vote attendance is strong: 76 of 10,730 votes missed (0.7%) over his career, better than the 2.1% median. As a new committee chair he is an aggressive fundraiser (top recipient of chair-directed PAC money), but heavy fundraising has not produced an attendance deficit; low score reflects only the fundraising-intensity factor with no missed-vote tradeoff.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed only 76 of 10,730 roll-call votes (0.7%), better than the median 2.1%, Jan 2009-May 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/brett_guthrie/412278"},{"claim":"PAC money flowed heavily to Guthrie after he became E&C chair.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/brettpac/C00483487/summary/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001150","name":"Adam B. Schiff","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"CA","score":24,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Adam Schiff, a Democrat, served in the U.S. House from 2001 to 2024 and was sworn in as a U.S. Senator for California in December 2024. Disclosure trackers show his household holds a mix of mutual funds (e.g., Fidelity Puritan, Invesco QQQ, Franklin funds) and at least one large individual stock position (Apple, up to $250,000), with a small number of disclosed trades totaling roughly $65,000-$73,000, including a December 2021 sale of AbbVie and a September 2025 partial sale of Apple; Schiff is a co-sponsor of legislation to ban members of Congress and their families from trading individual stocks. Quiver Quantitative estimates his net worth at about $2.1 million as of 2025, and much of his disclosed wealth (a Burbank rental property, retirement accounts) predates his Senate tenure. He raised roughly $17.5 million across his career and benefited from a $5 million AIPAC-affiliated Super PAC during the 2024 race; this is a correlation in funding sources, not evidence of any quid pro quo. No FEC enforcement actions for personal use of campaign funds and no documented family lobbying ties were located in public sources. His lifetime missed-vote rate is about 3.2%, but he missed roughly 47.8% of votes during 2024 while serving in the House and campaigning heavily for the Senate.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Household holds a mix of mutual funds plus at least one large individual stock (Apple, up to $250,000) and made a small number of disclosed trades (~$65,000-$73,000 total), including a Dec 2021 AbbVie sale and a Sep 2025 partial Apple sale. Low trade volume and frequency; no evidence of committee-sector timing or market-beating pattern. Schiff co-sponsors a ban on member/family stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Schiff's disclosed holdings include up to $250,000 in Apple (AAPL) alongside mutual funds (Fidelity Puritan, Invesco QQQ, Franklin funds); ~$65,000 in tracked trades including a Dec 13, 2021 sale of up to $50,000 of AbbVie (ABBV).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Adam+B.+Schiff+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"MarketBeat records 3 total disclosed trades across 2 companies (~$73,000 volume), including a Sep 22, 2025 partial sale of Apple ($15,001-$50,000).","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/adam-schiff/"},{"claim":"Schiff co-sponsored legislation to ban members of Congress and their families from trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://schiff.house.gov/news/press-releases/congressman-schiff-bipartisan-group-introduces-act-to-ban-members-of-congress-and-their-families-from-trading-individual-stocks"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$2.1 million (2025). Schiff entered the Senate only in December 2024, so there is minimal Senate tenure over which to measure enrichment; disclosed assets such as a Burbank rental property and retirement accounts predate his Senate office and are not scored. No evidence of growth beyond salary and market returns during Senate tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimates Schiff's net worth at about $2.1 million as of September 2025, with ~$1.1 million in publicly traded assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Adam+B.+Schiff+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Schiff's disclosures list pre-existing assets including a Burbank rental property worth $500,000-$1 million and retirement accounts; he was elected to the Senate in December 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://watcher.guru/news/adam-schiff-net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Schiff is a prolific fundraiser (~$17.5 million career; ~$10.3 million in the 2023-24 cycle), and an AIPAC-affiliated Super PAC (United Democracy Project) put $5 million into a pro-Schiff Super PAC during the 2024 Senate race. His funding skews to large individual donors (55.5%) and small donors (39.8%), with PACs only ~2.1%. No quid-pro-quo asserted; industry concentration data from OpenSecrets could not be directly retrieved.","evidence":[{"claim":"An AIPAC-affiliated Super PAC, United Democracy Project, contributed $5 million to the pro-Schiff Super PAC Standing Strong during the 2024 race.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Schiff"},{"claim":"Schiff raised about $17.5 million over his career and ~$10.3 million in the 2023-24 cycle; large individual contributions were 55.5%, small donors 39.8%, PACs 2.1%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/adam-schiff/summary?cid=N00009585&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement actions, complaints, or credible reporting were located alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Schiff. Absence of evidence is not treated as wrongdoing.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate records exist for Schiff's committees, but no personal-use enforcement action against him was identified in available sources.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4CA00555/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented evidence was found of family members lobbying or holding contracts tied to Schiff's office, nor of a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. His spouse, Eve Schiff, is not publicly reported as a lobbyist. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Public biographies describe Schiff's wife Eve and two children with no reported lobbying or government-contracting role.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Schiff"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Schiff's lifetime missed-vote rate is about 3.2% (28 of 863), near the Senate median. However, during 2024 he missed roughly 47.8% of votes while serving in the House and running an intensive, well-funded Senate campaign that raised millions per quarter. The elevated absences coincided with heavy fundraising, though running for higher office is a common cause.","evidence":[{"claim":"Schiff missed 28 of 863 roll-call votes (3.2%) over his career, near the chamber median; he missed about 47.8% of votes in 2024 while campaigning for the Senate.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/adam_schiff/400361"},{"claim":"Schiff raised $6.4 million in Q3 2023 and several million per quarter through the 2024 campaign while still serving in the House.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nbcnews.com/meet-the-press/meetthepressblog/adam-schiff-raises-64-million-california-senate-run-third-quarter-rcna118317"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"P000608","name":"Scott H. Peters","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":24,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Scott Peters, a San Diego Democrat in the House since 2013, sits on Energy and Commerce and Budget and is vice-chair of the New Democrat Coalition. His household is among the wealthiest in Congress, mostly through his wife's family office, Cameron Holdings. His spouse's 250 reported trades since late 2023 are Treasuries, municipal bonds and private funds, with no individual public stocks; a handful of 2026 private stakes are in energy and health sectors his committee oversees. His heaviest mark is money: a high PAC share and 2021 drug-industry contributions that coincided with his vote against a Medicare negotiation provision, which his office says improved the final law. He missed 1.5% of votes this Congress.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of 33 periodic transaction reports (Dec 2023 to Aug 2026) shows 250 transactions, all owned by his spouse and none in individual public stocks: mostly U.S. Treasuries and municipal bonds, plus private funds and direct private-company stakes. Volume is large ($52M-$84M in reported ranges, mostly Treasury roll-overs). 17 transactions were filed 1-4 days past the 45-day deadline. Several 2026 private stakes (energy storage, online health) sit in sectors Energy and Commerce oversees, which keeps the score above the funds-only floor.","evidence":[{"claim":"A December 2023 PTR lists spouse purchases and partial sales of U.S. Treasury bills and notes, several in the 'Spouse/DC Over $1,000,000' range, plus municipal bonds.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2024/20024316.pdf"},{"claim":"Spouse bought a $250,001-$500,000 stake in Form Energy (described as 'Energy Storage') on 06/26/2026.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20034911.pdf"},{"claim":"Spouse bought a $250,001-$500,000 stake in Ro (described as 'Online Health') on 08/03/2026; the report was signed 09/21/2026, a few days past the 45-day window.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20035434.pdf"},{"claim":"Spouse bought a $250,001-$500,000 stake in Solace Health ('Digital Patient Advocacy Platform') on 01/14/2026.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20034010.pdf"},{"claim":"A May 2026 PTR lists a spouse purchase in Audax Senior Loan Fund in the 'Spouse/DC Over $1,000,000' range.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20034579.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Peters' household wealth comes largely from his wife Lynn Gorguze, CEO of the family office Cameron Holdings, and was already in the tens of millions when he entered Congress in 2013. Range-based estimates have bounced between roughly $40M and $112M depending on year and method, which reflects disclosure ranges more than growth. No sign of growth beyond prior wealth and market returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Citing OpenSecrets, a Jan. 2013 report put his net worth between -$33.7M and $206.2M (average $86.2M) and noted his wife is the daughter of La Jolla industrialist Vincent Gorguze.","sourceUrl":"https://www.sandiegoreader.com/weblogs/news-ticker/2013/jan/16/two-san-diego-pols-reported-among-top-richest-in-c/"},{"claim":"His 2025 annual report lists spouse S-corp income of $100,001-$1,000,000 from Cameron Holdings Corp via Cameron Investment Corp, a 'family office investor'.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10076386.pdf"},{"claim":"He is married to Lynn Gorguze, president and CEO of Cameron Holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Peters_(politician)"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":50,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Peters takes an unusually high share of PAC money (about $1.30M of $2.29M in 2023-24) and sits on Energy and Commerce, which writes drug-pricing law. KHN's database showed he received the most drug-industry money of any member in the first half of 2021 ($63,900), the same year he was one of three committee Democrats whose votes deadlocked a Medicare negotiation provision 29-29. His office said his pressure produced a version that later passed; his San Diego district is home to many drug companies.","evidence":[{"claim":"He received $63,900 from drug companies in the first half of 2021, the most of any member of Congress, per KHN's Pharma Cash to Congress database.","sourceUrl":"https://medcitynews.com/2021/10/pharma-campaign-cash-delivered-to-key-lawmakers-with-surgical-precision/"},{"claim":"He was one of three Democrats who voted against the drug pricing provision in Energy and Commerce; the vote deadlocked 29-29 in September 2021.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opb.org/article/2021/09/16/oregon-kurt-schrader-defends-vote-against-drug-pricing-plan/"},{"claim":"For 2023-2024 his campaign reported about $2.29M in receipts, including about $1.30M from other committees (PACs) and about $426K from individuals.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2CA52089/?cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC finding, ethics complaint or reporting alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds was found. A 2016 FEC matter naming his committee among ~58 respondents in a case centered on another campaign ended in a unanimous no-reason-to-believe finding.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC MUR 7079 (primary respondent Ami Bera for Congress) closed in 2017 with a 5-0 vote finding no reason to believe any respondent violated the law.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/legal/matter-under-review/7079/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family members registered as lobbyists or office-linked contracts were found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview's 119th Congress roll-call data shows Peters missed 10 of 674 recorded votes (1.5%), below the ~1.9% House median. No reporting of absences tied to fundraising.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview records 10 'not voting' entries (cast code 9) for Peters (ICPSR 21315) out of 674 House roll calls in the 119th Congress through Sept. 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"},{"claim":"Voteview member page for Scott Peters.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/person/21315"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"F000463","name":"Deb Fischer","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"NE","score":24,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Deb Fischer (R-NE) presents a largely clean self-dealing profile. Her individual-stock activity is minimal and consists of a single June 23, 2022 full liquidation of four blue-chip positions (Caterpillar, Coca-Cola, Cisco, Lockheed Martin) totaling roughly $166K; the Lockheed sale overlaps her Armed Services Committee seat, but a one-time divestment with no subsequent trading is weak evidence of self-dealing. Her reported wealth is dominated by pre-office ranch assets (Sunny Slope Ranch), and there is no public evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market or of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline; she also has a strong voting-attendance record (1.5% missed). The most substantive concern is correlation-only: heavy contributions from pharma, agriculture, defense, and transportation industries that overlap her committees and votes, which is common for incumbents and is not proof of a quid pro quo.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Only individual-stock activity on record is a single June 23, 2022 full liquidation of four blue-chip stocks (CAT, KO, CSCO, LMT), ~$166K total. The Lockheed Martin (defense) sale overlaps her Senate Armed Services Committee seat, a sector-overlap flag, but it was a one-time divestment (selling, not accumulating) with no subsequent trading and no documented suspicious timing or market-beating pattern. Low volume, no recurring activity.","evidence":[{"claim":"Fischer recorded 4 stock sales on 6/23/2022 (CAT, KO, CSCO, LMT) totaling ~$166K, including Lockheed Martin while on Armed Services Committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/deb-fischer/"},{"claim":"Quiver tracked up to $230K of Fischer STOCK Act trades, largest a ~$100K Lockheed Martin sale; most recent transaction 2022-06-23.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Deb%20Fischer-F000463"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Reported net worth (OpenSecrets ~$2.8M in 2018; recent disclosure range ~$959K-$6.96M) is dominated by the pre-office Sunny Slope Ranch non-public stock ($1M-$5M), which is pre-office wealth and not scored. No public analysis demonstrates net-worth growth beyond salary plus market returns over her tenure. Range-based disclosures make precise tracking impossible.","evidence":[{"claim":"Fischer's wealth is anchored by Sunny Slope Ranch non-public stock valued $1M-$5M; estimated 2018 net worth ~$2.78M; recent range $959K-$6.96M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/deb-fischer/net-worth?cid=N00033443"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Fischer is a top recipient from industries that overlap her committee seats: sugar/agriculture and meat processing (Agriculture Committee), railroads/trucking (Commerce Committee), and defense electronics (Armed Services). She also took $205K+ from pharma since 2012 plus $26K in leadership-PAC pharma money while opposing drug-price reductions. This donor-committee-vote alignment is typical of senior incumbents and is not evidence of a quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Fischer is a top-3 industry recipient from sugar, agricultural services, railroads, trucking, defense electronics, and meat processing, overlapping her Ag/Commerce/Armed Services committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/deb-fischer/industries?cid=N00033443&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Fischer received $205,045+ from pharma/health products since 2012 plus $26,000 to her leadership PAC while opposing lower drug prices.","sourceUrl":"https://nebraskaindependentnews.com/politics/deb-fischer-senate-election-2024-dan-osborn-pharma-campaign-money-drug-prices/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public FEC complaint or reporting alleges personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Fischer. (A 2024 personal-use/family-payment complaint targeted her opponent Dan Osborn, not Fischer.) No evidence of self-dealing found.","evidence":[{"claim":"The 2024 FEC personal-use/family-payment complaint was filed against opponent Dan Osborn, not Fischer; no comparable allegation against Fischer surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/conservative-group-asks-for-investigation-into-senate-candidate-dan-osborns-campaign-and-pacs/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public evidence of family lobbying tied to her office; husband Bruce Fischer is a cattle rancher with no documented lobbying. No reporting surfaced documenting a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. LegiStorm/OpenSecrets revolving-door profiles exist but no specific self-dealing activity was found in available sources.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bruce Fischer is a cattle rancher (Sunny Slope Ranch); no family lobbying activity tied to her office identified.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deb_Fischer"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only 72 of 4,934 roll-call votes (1.5%) from 2013 to June 2026, better than the Senate median (2.8%), with a perfect record by the 114th Congress. No evidence of vote-skipping for fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Fischer missed 72 of 4,934 votes (1.5%) Jan 2013-June 2026, better than the 2.8% median for serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/deb_fischer/412556"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"R000606","name":"Jamie Raskin","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"MD","score":24,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Jamie Raskin's household trades individual stocks only sparingly, but the disclosures that exist have repeatedly been filed late: reporting outlets documented three STOCK Act late-filing violations across 2022 and 2025, including an AT&T sale (1,001-15,000 dollars) and a 50,001-100,000 dollar 2024 sale, plus a failure to timely report his wife Sarah Bloom Raskin's roughly 1.5 million dollar Reserve Trust stock liquidation. Raskin attributed one late filing to the death of his son during the reporting period and paid at least one small Treasury reimbursement. The Reserve Trust matter generated significant controversy during his wife's 2022 Federal Reserve nomination, but it stemmed from her prior career as a regulator-turned-corporate-director, not from Raskin's congressional office; the disclosure failures attributable to him are procedural. His campaign is funded overwhelmingly by individuals (close to 90 percent), with roughly 10 percent from PACs and no prominent industry concentration tied to specific votes, and he is among the most prolific small-dollar fundraisers in the House (nearly 5.9 million dollars cash on hand in mid-2025). His voting attendance is strong (about 1.1 percent missed votes, better than the chamber median), and no public reporting alleges campaign-fund personal use. Reported net worth spans a wide disclosure range (roughly negative 2.2 million to 5.8 million dollars) with no documented evidence of office-driven enrichment.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Household trades individual stocks only occasionally (a handful of disclosed transactions including AT&T and a 50k-100k 2024 sale), but reporters documented three STOCK Act late-filing violations in 2022 and 2025, plus failure to timely disclose a spouse stock liquidation worth ~$1.5M. Score reflects repeated disclosure non-compliance rather than heavy/strategic trading; no evidence of market-beating timing in committee-overseen sectors.","evidence":[{"claim":"Reporting found Raskin violated the STOCK Act a third time in three years by disclosing an AT&T stock sale ($1,001-$15,000, traded Nov 13 2024) roughly 3.5 months late.","sourceUrl":"https://davelevinthal.substack.com/p/exclusive-democratic-rep-jamie-raskin"},{"claim":"MarketBeat lists a disclosed household sale of $50,001-$100,000 dated July 2, 2024, indicating limited individual-stock activity.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/jamie-raskin/"},{"claim":"Raskin disclosed his wife's $1.5M sale of 195,936 Reserve Trust shares about eight months after the transaction, and previously sent a $200 Treasury check after a late report of i(x) investments stock.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/house/congress-raskin-pays-fine-failed-disclose-wife-stock-trades"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Disclosure ranges are wide (roughly -$2.2M to $5.8M for 2024) and third-party estimates vary; no sourced analysis attributes net-worth growth to his office beyond salary and market returns. The largest household windfall (the ~$1.5M Reserve Trust sale) predated and derived from his spouse's separate private-sector role, not Raskin's congressional tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"His 2024 disclosure implies a net worth ranging from about -$2,185,941 to $5,809,999, with liabilities potentially exceeding assets; he earns $174,000 as a Representative.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/jamie-raskin-net-worth/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains his personal-finances/net-worth profile derived from annual disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/jamie-raskin/net-worth?cid=N00037036"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Raskin's funding is heavily small-dollar/individual (close to 90% from individuals, ~10% PACs) with top contributors led by American University (his former employer) and lawyers/education rather than a concentrated regulated industry aligned to specific votes. Low concentration limits any money-vote alignment inference.","evidence":[{"claim":"For 2023-2024, Raskin's funding was 46.28% large individual, 36.23% small individual (<$200), 9.87% PAC, 7.60% other; American University was a top contributor (~$39,635).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/jamie-raskin/summary?cid=N00037036"},{"claim":"Close to 90% of his donations came from individuals, about half of them small unitemized donations averaging ~$33.75 online.","sourceUrl":"https://marylandmatters.org/2025/07/22/raskin-raises-banks-millions-far-outstripping-other-maryland-delegation-members/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting or FEC-based account surfaced alleging that Raskin's campaign committee or leadership PAC (Democracy Summer Leadership PAC) spent funds on personal-benefit categories. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee records for Jamie Raskin for Congress are public; no personal-use spending allegations were found in available reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00575126/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"His wife Sarah Bloom Raskin was characterized as a 'revolving-door' figure for joining Reserve Trust's board after federal service and contacting the Fed regarding its master account; however, this tied to her own regulator-to-private-sector path, not Raskin's congressional office or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Raskin's connection is limited to disclosure failures about her holdings; no documented family lobbying of his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Senators and reporting characterized Sarah Bloom Raskin as a revolving-door figure who joined Reserve Trust's board after federal service and lobbied the Fed; the firm later gained a master account and she sold stock for $1.5M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.banking.senate.gov/newsroom/minority/toomey-congress-and-the-american-people-deserve-answers-on-raskins-revolving-door"},{"claim":"KC Fed leadership reportedly confirmed Sarah Bloom Raskin personally contacted the Fed about the fintech firm's master account application.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnbc.com/2022/02/11/biden-federal-reserve-pick-raskin-lobbied-kc-fed-for-fintech-firm.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Raskin is one of the most prolific House fundraisers (over $2.5M in H1 2025; ~$5.9M cash on hand) yet maintains a strong voting attendance record (~1.1% missed votes, better than the chamber median), so heavy fundraising has not coincided with neglected legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"From 2017 to June 2026 Raskin missed 53 of 4,987 roll-call votes (1.1%), better than the 2.1% median for current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jamie_raskin/412708"},{"claim":"Raskin raised more than $2.5M in the first half of 2025 and had nearly $5.9M cash on hand as of June 30, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://marylandmatters.org/2025/07/22/raskin-raises-banks-millions-far-outstripping-other-maryland-delegation-members/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S000168","name":"Maria Elvira Salazar","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"FL","score":24,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Maria Elvira Salazar represents Florida's 27th District, sits on Financial Services and Foreign Affairs, and chairs the Western Hemisphere subcommittee. She trades individual stocks actively, with 121 trades in 2026 alone, including financial firms her committee oversees; none of the recent trades were filed late. Her campaign committees have a history of FEC compliance problems that the FEC blamed largely on a former treasurer. She missed 13.2% of roll calls, partly because of her mother's death in June 2026. Her disclosed wealth is moderate and shows no unexplained jump.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":42,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse finds 134 transactions from Dec. 2023 to Sept. 2026 (122 self, 12 spouse), about $2.8M–$7.6M by range. That includes four spouse Treasury-bill buys of $500K–$1M each in 2023–24. Trading picked up in 2026: 121 trades worth about $0.7M–$3.2M, mostly individual stocks, including Goldman Sachs, Citigroup, Chubb and Berkshire Hathaway while she sits on Financial Services (Capital Markets subcommittee). None of the parsed trades were filed late. In 2022 she was reported to have disclosed a roughly $500K Cano Health stock receipt more than two months late.","evidence":[{"claim":"PTR signed Oct. 7, 2026 lists Sept. 24, 2026 partial sales of Goldman Sachs, Citigroup, Chubb, Berkshire Hathaway and Biogen stock.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20035562.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR lists a spouse (SP) purchase of a U.S. Treasury bill of $500,001+ on 12/14/2023 and an OrthoFX Investor II LLC purchase.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2024/20024296.pdf"},{"claim":"AlterNet, citing Business Insider (June 15, 2022), reported Salazar took more than two months to disclose about $500,000 in Cano Health stock received through a SPAC transaction; her office called it 'a unique financial occurrence' and sought a fine waiver.","sourceUrl":"https://www.alternet.org/2022/06/house-republican-unique-financial-occurance"},{"claim":"Her office said she voted for the ROAD to Housing Act in the House Financial Services Committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.biscaynetimes.com/noteworthy/dccc-blasts-mar%C3%ADa-elvira-salazar-for-touting-support-of-bipa/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Her 2024 and 2025 annual reports show a mid-range portfolio of Merrill Lynch IRA and brokerage accounts, annuities and a 100%-owned business (MES Home Distributors), with no liabilities listed for 2025. Nothing shows large unexplained growth while in office; she had a long TV career before Congress.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report lists Merrill Lynch IRA and brokerage holdings, Principal annuities, MES Home Distributors (100% interest) and no liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075495.pdf"},{"claim":"2024 annual report filed Aug. 13, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2024/10066968.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. PAC money is a large share of her receipts: about $1.0M of $3.2M in 2024 and $533K of $2.0M in the 2026 cycle (through July 29, 2026), per FEC. The itemized PAC records found (Realtors, General Dynamics) are small. No documented donor-to-action link was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC 2026-cycle summary: $1,999,399.08 receipts, $533,178.55 from PACs/other committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H8FL27185/?cycle=2026"},{"claim":"National Association of Realtors PAC gave Salazar for Congress $5,000 in three contributions, 2021–2023.","sourceUrl":"https://projects.propublica.org/itemizer/committee/C00714261/pac-donations/C00030718"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No personal-use allegation was found, but her committees have had FEC problems. In a 2024 conciliation agreement the FEC found her former treasurer 'reckless', citing about $2.1M in reporting errors and misdeposited checks from the 2022 cycle; her three committees had earlier paid a combined $22,800 and blamed the treasurer. In 2021 the FEC sent warning letters about roughly $147,400 in excessive contributions, and a separate complaint was dismissed as low priority. These are compliance failures, not findings of personal benefit.","evidence":[{"claim":"Florida Bulldog (Nov. 8, 2024): FEC found former treasurer Nancy Marks 'reckless'; errors and violations totaled $2.1M; Salazar's committees were fined a combined $22,800 and blamed Marks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.floridabulldog.org/2024/11/fec-finds-ex-campaign-treasurer-for-u-s-rep-salazar-reckless/"},{"claim":"Florida Bulldog (Sept. 2, 2021): FEC warning letters flagged about $147,400 in excessive primary contributions; the FEC dismissed a separate complaint on July 14, 2021.","sourceUrl":"https://www.floridabulldog.org/2021/09/fec-slaps-salazar-campaign-accepting-illegal-contributions/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying or office-linked contracts were found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Voteview records 89 missed of 674 roll calls (13.2%), about seven times the ~1.9% House median. Part of that is bereavement: she missed a full week in June 2026 after her mother's death. 22 misses fell in December 2025, and no public explanation was found for those. No evidence ties the absences to fundraising; her receipts are modest for a House member.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th House roll-call data: Salazar missed 89 votes (13.2%), including 22 in December 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"},{"claim":"Biscayne Times (June 26, 2026): Salazar missed the ROAD to Housing Act vote and all votes that week because of the death of her mother.","sourceUrl":"https://www.biscaynetimes.com/noteworthy/dccc-blasts-mar%C3%ADa-elvira-salazar-for-touting-support-of-bipa/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"J000312","name":"James C. Justice","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"WV","score":24,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Jim Justice (R-WV) took office in January 2025 after serving as WV governor; his wealth derives from inherited, privately-held coal companies and the Greenbrier resort, all pre-dating his Senate tenure, so that wealth is not scored here. There is no public record of individual-stock (STOCK Act) trading by Justice or his spouse; his holdings are operating businesses, not a traded equity portfolio, so stock-trading and net-worth-growth components score as no-data/low rather than as violations. The most substantive accountability concerns are office-adjacent rather than financial-disclosure-based: his family coal empire (run largely by his son Jay) carries thousands of alleged Clean Water Act violations, $8M+ in IRS liens, and a federal criminal probe that ProPublica reported the Trump DOJ shut down in early 2026 while Justice was a sitting senator and Trump ally — a serious correlation-not-proof signal of office benefit. He also missed 4.1% of votes (above the Senate median) and self-funded a private-jet commute, which he says he paid personally; no campaign-fund personal-use violation is documented.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public record of individual-stock STOCK Act trades by Justice or his spouse. His disclosed assets are privately-held operating companies (coal, agriculture, the Greenbrier), not a traded-equity portfolio; no Periodic Transaction Reports for individual stocks were found. Per rubric, absence of individual-stock trading scores 0.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative lists Justice as the richest member of Congress with $1B+ in assets tied to coal companies and the Greenbrier resort — operating businesses, not tradable stock positions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.whsv.com/2025/09/02/jim-justice-is-richest-us-senator-data-shows/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Justice entered the Senate in Jan 2025 as a pre-office (former) billionaire; his wealth predates office and is explicitly not scored. Reporting since taking office shows his net worth falling (Forbes 'less than zero' due to $1B+ debt; $8M+ IRS liens; $5.2M overdue-tax settlement), i.e. no enrichment beyond salary/market attributable to his tenure. Too early and no evidence of office-driven growth.","evidence":[{"claim":"Fortune (Oct 2025): former billionaire senator's net worth reported as 'less than zero' amid $1B+ debt; IRS filed $8M+ in personal-tax liens.","sourceUrl":"https://fortune.com/2025/10/24/jim-justice-former-governor-west-virginia-senator-billionaire-new-worth/"},{"claim":"Justice agreed to pay $5.2M in overdue personal taxes (Nov 2025).","sourceUrl":"https://fortune.com/2025/11/25/west-virginia-former-billionaire-senator-jim-justice-5-2-million-overdue-taxes/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Justice is a coal-industry figure who has consistently advanced fossil-fuel/coal positions; his own family coal businesses are a direct interest overlapping energy policy. The strongest signal is structural: ProPublica reported the Trump DOJ shut down a federal criminal Clean Water Act probe of his family's coal companies in early 2026 while he was a sitting GOP senator and Trump ally — an apparent benefit to his personal/family financial interest. This is a conflict-of-interest pattern, not documented vote-buying.","evidence":[{"claim":"ProPublica: Trump DOJ (Deputy AG's office) ordered 'pencils down' on a federal criminal investigation of Justice family coal companies; ex-prosecutor: 'There shouldn't be some sort of untouchables list.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-jim-justice-doj-southern-coal-investigation-west-virginia"},{"claim":"As governor Justice signed coal/fossil-fuel-favorable legislation (Critical Infrastructure Protection Act) backed by Dominion Energy and oil/gas associations.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Justice"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No documented misuse of campaign or leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit. Justice commutes from WV to DC on his personally-owned Cessna Citation V; he states he pays the cost out of his own pocket with no public or campaign funds involved. Largely self-funded campaign. Minimal score reflects only the unverified nature of the self-pay claim, not a found violation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Punchbowl/Wiley reporting: Justice commutes via privately-owned jet; he says he pays the flight cost personally, no public funds.","sourceUrl":"https://punchbowl.news/article/senate/jim-justice-takes-private-jet-to-work-in-dc/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No staff-to-lobbyist pipeline documented, but significant family-business-tied-to-office concerns. His son Jay runs the family coal/mining empire and daughter Jill runs the Greenbrier; these family enterprises hold federal/state regulatory exposure (Clean Water Act violations, contempt orders, fines) that intersect with his office. A federal criminal probe of those family companies was reportedly halted by DOJ while he served — a family-interest-meets-office concern rather than classic lobbying.","evidence":[{"claim":"Justice put son Jay over mining/agriculture and daughter Jill over the Greenbrier; Jay-run coal firms face Clean Water Act violations and contempt/fine orders.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/energy_and_environment/justice-coal-firms-ordered-to-pay-nearly-650k-senators-son-fined-1-000-per-day/article_8d15a8f2-e8ba-11ef-8acd-13689064daf2.html"},{"claim":"ProPublica: federal criminal investigation of family coal companies shut down while Justice was a sitting senator/Trump ally.","sourceUrl":"https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-jim-justice-doj-southern-coal-investigation-west-virginia"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Justice missed 34 of 827 roll-call votes (4.1%) Jan 2025–Jun 2026, above the ~2.8% Senate median, including skipping his first two floor votes the day after being sworn in (Laken Riley Act amendments). No evidence of heavy paid-speech/fundraising substituting for the job; modest score reflects the above-median absence rate only.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack/WV Public Broadcasting: Justice missed 4.1% of votes (34/827), worse than the 2.8% median; was absent for two of three votes his first week.","sourceUrl":"https://wvpublic.org/justice-absent-for-two-of-three-votes-in-first-u-s-senate-week/"},{"claim":"Mountain State Spotlight: Justice skipped his first two Senate floor votes (Laken Riley Act amendments).","sourceUrl":"https://mountainstatespotlight.org/2025/01/16/jim-justice-misses-first-two-floor-votes/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001056","name":"John Cornyn","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"TX","score":23,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"John Cornyn's household shows minimal individual-stock activity — only two disclosed Apple trades (2015 purchase, 2017 sale) — with the remainder of his portfolio in American Funds mutual funds and retirement accounts, supporting a low stock-trading score. His estimated net worth (roughly $1.5M-$1.9M) has remained stable in the $1-2M range since about 2013, consistent with salary and broad-market returns rather than anomalous enrichment. The clearest accountability signal is a correlation (not proof) between concentrated oil-and-gas campaign money — at least ~$220,000 in the recent cycle from industry executives and PACs including Halliburton, ConocoPhillips, and Koch — and his consistently industry-aligned energy record, such as lifting the crude oil export ban and opposing the LNG export pause. No sourced evidence of campaign-fund personal use, FEC complaints, or family lobbying tied to his office was found, so those components score zero or low under the no-penalty-for-absence rule. His voting attendance is strong, with a 2.3% lifetime missed-vote rate that is on par with or better than the Senate median. Overall the record is relatively clean apart from the standard donor-influence correlation common to senators from energy-producing states.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Cornyn's household reports minimal individual-stock activity: just two disclosed trades, both in Apple (AAPL) — a $15K-$50K purchase in Aug 2015 and a $15K-$50K sale in Feb 2017. The bulk of his portfolio is American Funds mutual funds and retirement accounts, not individual securities. No pattern of frequent trading, no trades in committee-overseen sectors with suspicious timing, and no documented market-beating returns. Score is low but non-zero because the household did trade an individual stock.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cornyn has reported only 2 total stock trades, both Apple (AAPL): a purchase Aug 21, 2015 ($15K-$50K) and a sale Feb 1, 2017 ($15K-$50K); his trading activity is described as minimal compared with members reporting dozens or hundreds of transactions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congressstock.com/politicians/john-cornyn"},{"claim":"Cornyn's disclosed holdings are predominantly American Funds mutual funds (e.g., Growth Fund of America, Investment Company of America, American Mutual Fund, Fundamental Investors, New Perspective Fund) plus retirement plans and bank deposits.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+John+Cornyn+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimates place Cornyn's net worth in the roughly $1.5M-$1.9M range, held mainly in mutual funds, retirement plans, and bank deposits. OpenSecrets pegged his 2018 net worth at about $1.88M; 2024-based estimates are around $1.5M. Sources indicate his assets have hovered between $1M-$2M since roughly 2013, consistent with broad-market mutual-fund growth and salary rather than anomalous enrichment. No evidence of net-worth growth materially exceeding salary plus market returns over tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Cornyn's 2018 net worth at approximately $1,884,522 (more than $1.8 million).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/john-cornyn/net-worth?cid=N00024852"},{"claim":"2024-disclosure-based estimate places net worth around $1.5 million (mutual funds ~$1.2M, retirement plans ~$215K, bank deposits), with assets reportedly hovering between $1-2M since 2013.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+John+Cornyn+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Cornyn draws notable, concentrated support from the oil and gas sector — at least ~$220,000 in the recent cycle from oil/gas individuals and PACs (ConocoPhillips, Halliburton, Koch Industries PACs; executives from Energy Transfer, Kinder Morgan, Devon, Enterprise Products). His legislative record aligns with those interests: leading the charge to lift the crude oil export ban, opposing Biden's LNG export pause, saving hydrogen tax credits, and opposing EV incentives. This is a directional alignment between donor concentration and policy positions; no quid-pro-quo is asserted or established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cornyn raised at least $220,000 in the recent cycle from oil/gas individuals and PACs, including ConocoPhillips CEO Ryan Lance ($7K), Kinder Morgan's Richard and Nancy Kinder ($7K each), Energy Transfer's Kelcy Warren ($6.8K), Devon's Clay Gaspar ($3.5K), plus PACs from Halliburton, ConocoPhillips, and Koch Industries.","sourceUrl":"https://www.eenews.net/articles/oil-money-flows-to-cornyn-in-texas-primary/"},{"claim":"Cornyn led the charge to lift the crude oil export ban, led GOP opposition to Biden's LNG export pause, convinced the GOP to save hydrogen energy tax credits, and opposed EV incentives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.eenews.net/articles/oil-money-flows-to-cornyn-in-texas-primary/"},{"claim":"Cornyn was a top congressional recipient from the natural gas transmission & distribution industry, per OpenSecrets industry data.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/industries?cid=N00024852&cycle=2018&recs=0&type=I"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence was found of Cornyn's campaign committees or leadership PAC spending funds on personal-benefit categories, and no FEC complaints or watchdog reports alleging personal use were located. Per the rules, absence of data yields a zero score and is not treated as a penalty.","evidence":[{"claim":"Searches of FEC committee records and watchdog/news coverage returned no specific allegations or findings of personal use of campaign funds by Cornyn; FEC committee filings for Texans for Senator John Cornyn Inc. and the Cornyn Victory Committee are publicly posted but show no surfaced personal-use violation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S2TX00106/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Tracking databases (LegiStorm, OpenSecrets) maintain 'revolving door' profiles for Cornyn's office, reflecting the common pattern of former Senate staff later registering as lobbyists, but no specific named pipeline cases or family lobbying/contracting tied to his office were documented in accessible sources. No evidence of family members lobbying or contracting with the government tied to his office was found. Score reflects the typical staff-to-lobbyist presence noted by trackers rather than any documented scandal.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm and OpenSecrets maintain revolving-door tracking for Cornyn's office covering former staff who became lobbyists; detailed records are largely behind paywalls and no specific named cases or family lobbying were surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/27/name/Sen_John_Cornyn.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Cornyn's missed-vote rate is low: 186 of 8,105 roll-call votes missed (2.3%) from Jan 2003 to June 2026, on par with or slightly better than the 2.8% median for sitting senators. While he is an active, heavy fundraiser (including for his 2026 primary), there is no evidence that fundraising or paid speeches coincided with elevated absenteeism. Low score reflects strong attendance.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2003 to June 2026, Cornyn missed 186 of 8,105 roll call votes (2.3%), on par with the 2.8% median among lifetime records of currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_cornyn/300027"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001059","name":"Jim Costa","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":23,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Jim Costa is a long-serving Democratic U.S. Representative from California (in Congress since 2005, currently CA-21) and a senior member of the House Agriculture Committee. His wealth (estimated ~$4.4-4.9M) is concentrated in farmland and real estate (James M. Costa Farms, a rental home) rather than a stock portfolio; financial trackers show essentially no individual-stock trading activity, so STOCK Act self-dealing risk is minimal. His campaign donor base is heavily concentrated in agribusiness/crop-production interests that align with his committee role and longstanding pro-agriculture advocacy, which represents correlation rather than proof of quid pro quo. The most notable accountability data point is his missed-vote rate of about 5.4% (748 of 13,828 lifetime votes through May 2026), well above the ~2.1% median for sitting representatives; no documented ethics violations, campaign-fund personal-use findings, or family-lobbying ties were located.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Trackers show ~$0 in live-tracked publicly traded assets and only up to ~$15K of parsed STOCK Act trades over his tenure; wealth is in farmland/real estate, not individual stocks. Minimal trading volume, no evident committee-sector stock overlap or suspicious timing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative parses only up to $15K of trades and estimates ~$0 in live-trackable publicly traded assets for Costa.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jim%20Costa-C001059"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets net-worth holdings are dominated by James M Costa Farms (~$3M) and a rental home (~$1.1M), not equities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/jim-costa/net-worth?cid=N00026341"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$4.4-4.9M is largely pre-existing farm and real estate holdings (family farming background). No sourced evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary and market returns attributable to office; pre-office wealth is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Costa's net worth at ~$4.9M (2018), concentrated in long-held crop production and real estate assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/jim-costa/net-worth?cid=N00026341"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: Costa's top industry donor is Crop Production & Basic Processing (~$176,650 in 2023-24), and agribusiness broadly is his largest support base, aligning with his senior House Agriculture Committee role and consistent pro-agriculture advocacy. Concentration is high but reflects district/committee fit; no evidence of vote-for-cash.","evidence":[{"claim":"Costa's top 2023-24 industry contributor was Crop Production & Basic Processing (~$176,650); he sits on House Agriculture Committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/jim-costa/summary?cid=N00026341"},{"claim":"Costa publicly champions agriculture policy consistent with his agribusiness donor base.","sourceUrl":"https://costa.house.gov/issues/agriculture"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced reports of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit, and no FEC enforcement or House Ethics findings against Costa were located.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC disclosure records for Jim Costa for Congress are publicly filed; no personal-use violation findings surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/forms/C00391029/1899347"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family members lobbying his office, contracts tied to his office, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline distinct from ordinary turnover.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm staff/bio records for Costa show routine staffing; no documented family-lobbying or contract ties surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/51331/James_Manuel_Costa.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Costa missed ~5.4% of roll-call votes (748 of 13,828 from 2005-May 2026), more than double the ~2.1% median for sitting representatives, while maintaining active fundraising (e.g., disclosed quarters of $256.4K and $113.7K). Elevated absences but no paid-speech abuse documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Costa missed 748 of 13,828 votes (5.4%), versus a 2.1% median, per GovTrack.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jim_costa/400618"},{"claim":"Costa disclosed $256.4K in new fundraising in a reported period.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Fundraising+Update:+Representative+Jim+Costa+just+disclosed+$256.4K+of+new+fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C000880","name":"Mike Crapo","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"ID","score":23,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Mike Crapo (R-ID), chairman of the Senate Finance Committee and a longtime senior member (and former chairman/ranking member) of the Senate Banking Committee, has a financial-disclosure profile dominated by real estate and bank deposits rather than individual stocks; trackers report essentially no individually-held publicly traded equities, so STOCK Act self-dealing risk is minimal. His campaign finances have drawn the most scrutiny: watchdogs filed FEC complaints over ~$192,000 in payments to his wife Susan over two decades, 81 unreported uses of a lobbyist's D.C. townhouse, and a 2008 loss of $250,000 in campaign donor funds placed in a failed investment scheme. As a key regulator of banking and finance, Crapo is among the largest recipients of securities, investment, and commercial-banking money, a correlation (not proof) given his pro-industry regulatory record such as the 2018 Dodd-Frank rollback. His vote-attendance record is strong (about 2.1% lifetime missed votes, better than the Senate median).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosures and congressional-trade trackers show Crapo holds no individual publicly traded stocks; his assets are real estate and bank deposits (Senate FCU, Wells Fargo deposits). No STOCK Act individual-stock transactions reported, so no committee-overlap or timing concerns apply.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver reports Crapo has approximately $0 invested in publicly traded assets it can track; assets are deposits/real estate, not individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Mike%20Crapo-C000880"},{"claim":"2023 disclosure lists top assets as DC residential property ($1M-$5M) and bank deposits, not individual equities.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/mike-crapo-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated ~$945K net worth (2018); 2023 disclosure shows total assets of $1.3M-$5.7M with $100K-$250K liabilities, mostly real estate and deposits. Range-based filings and absence of a tenure baseline make abnormal growth beyond salary/market appreciation unquantifiable; no evidence of enrichment beyond ordinary sources.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated 2018 net worth at $944,521; 2023 disclosure assets $1.32M-$5.68M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/mike-crapo/net-worth?cid=N00006267"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":48,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As Banking Committee leader and Finance chair, Crapo is among the largest recipients of finance-sector money: ~$748,754 from securities/investment/finance and ~$274K from commercial banking in the 2022 cycle, with top donors from Carlyle, Blackstone, JPMorgan, and Stephens Inc. His record is consistently pro-industry (e.g., leading the 2018 Dodd-Frank rollback). High donor concentration in sectors he regulates, but no proof of quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities/investment/finance gave ~$748,754 and commercial banking ~$274K (2022 cycle); top donors include Carlyle, Blackstone, JPMorgan, Stephens.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/mike-crapo/industries?cid=N00006267&cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Crapo, a Banking Committee leader, drew finance-sector contributions while shaping economic/health policy.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2020/11/20/crapo-poised-for-starring-role-in-economic-health-care-policy/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Watchdog FEC complaints flagged ~$192,000 paid to wife Susan Crapo over two decades (including a $17,311 lump sum that drew FEC inquiry), 81 unreported uses of a lobbyist's DC townhouse, and reporting failures in 9 of 11 years examined. A separate ethics complaint addressed ~$6,000 paid to Susan via the Freedom Fund leadership PAC without listing it as employer. Crapo amended filings and defended payments as fair-market spousal work, not personal use; no enforcement finding of violation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Campaign paid Susan Crapo ~$192,000 over two decades and used a lobbyist's DC townhouse 81 times without proper reporting; reporting failures in 9 of 11 years.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignforaccountability.org/192000-for-his-wife-81-uses-of-a-lobbyists-home-crapo-election-funds-draw-scrutiny/"},{"claim":"Ethics complaint over ~$6,000 paid to wife via Freedom Fund leadership PAC; Crapo amended disclosure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.idahopress.com/eyeonboise/group-files-complaint-against-crapo-he-amends-report-defends-campaign/article_0cef154b-ef92-5de4-ad63-7b7189f9e860.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Crapo's campaign repeatedly used a lobbyist's DC townhouse (81 times), indicating close lobbyist ties, and he is a top recipient of lobbyist contributions. No documented family lobbying contracts tied to his office found. Staff-to-K-Street movement is common for senior senators and tracked by LegiStorm/OpenSecrets, but no specific egregious family/staff pipeline surfaced in sourced records.","evidence":[{"claim":"Campaign used a lobbyist's DC townhouse 81 times without proper reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignforaccountability.org/192000-for-his-wife-81-uses-of-a-lobbyists-home-crapo-election-funds-draw-scrutiny/"},{"claim":"Crapo is a tracked recipient of lobbyist contributions per OpenSecrets lobbying data.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2022&id=N00006267"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Crapo missed about 200 of 9,394 roll-call votes (2.1%) from 1993-June 2026, better than the Senate lifetime median (~2.8%), indicating strong attendance. He fundraises actively (e.g., ~$202.7K disclosed in a recent period) as expected of a committee chair, but no evidence of fundraising/paid speeches displacing core duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 200 of 9,394 roll-call votes (2.1%), below the Senate median of 2.8%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/michael_crapo/300030"},{"claim":"Crapo disclosed ~$202.7K of new fundraising in a recent reporting period.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/fundraising-update-senator-mike-crapo-just-disclosed-2027k-new-fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000375","name":"William R. Keating","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"MA","score":23,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. William R. Keating (D-MA9), in the House since 2011 and serving on the Foreign Affairs and Armed Services Committees, is an active individual-stock trader: roughly 103 disclosed trades across 54 companies totaling about $841,000 in lifetime volume, concentrated in technology and semiconductors and reportedly executed through his IRA in mostly modest $1,001-$15,000 transactions. Some holdings (e.g., defense/semiconductor names) loosely overlap his Armed Services work, but the small ticket sizes and IRA structure limit concern, and no public reporting alleges insider timing. No public records of campaign-fund personal use, FEC enforcement, or family/staff revolving-door lobbying tied to his office were found, and his disclosed net worth has fluctuated with markets rather than showing unexplained growth. His 3.4% missed-vote rate is modestly above the chamber median but unremarkable. Overall this is a relatively clean record whose principal flag is routine individual-stock trading.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":42,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Active individual-stock trader: ~103 trades across 54 companies, ~$841K lifetime volume, mostly $1,001-$15,000 tickets via an IRA. Heavy tech/semiconductor focus (MSFT, GOOGL, AMZN, QCOM, NXPI, LRCX, KLA) with mild overlap to his Armed Services emerging-threats role. Reported post-trade swings both ways (Alphabet +104%, Fiserv -77% in 90 days); no documented insider timing. Score reflects volume and sector overlap, tempered by small sizes and no suspicious-timing evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"~103 trades, 54 companies, ~$841K volume; tech/semiconductor focus; varied post-trade returns.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/william-keating/"},{"claim":"STOCK Act periodic transaction reports include Alphabet, Chubb, Amazon, Fiserv, Airbnb trades, many via 'Bill's IRA'.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/William%20R.%20Keating-K000375"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimates show net worth fluctuating (~$4.4M in 2010, ~$2.9M in 2018, ranked 106th in House), tracking market movements rather than indicating growth beyond salary and market returns. Disclosure ranges make precise tenure-growth analysis unreliable; no evidence of anomalous enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth ~$2.94M in 2018 (down from ~$4.4M in 2010), ranked 106th in House.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/bill-keating/net-worth?cid=N00031933&year=2018"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. OpenSecrets tracks his contributors, and no specific donor-aligned vote/bill pattern was documented in available sources. No scoreable evidence of industry-money-to-action correlation.","evidence":[],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records, news reports, or FEC enforcement found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying or contracts tied to his office, nor a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. (The 1980s 'Keating Five' and lobbyist Frank Keating are unrelated individuals.) Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Missed 310 of 9,122 roll-call votes (3.4%) since 2011, slightly worse than the ~2.1% median of currently serving representatives but not extreme. No evidence of heavy paid speeches or fundraising-driven absences. Low score for modestly above-median absenteeism.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 310 of 9,122 votes (3.4%) Jan 2011-Jun 2026, vs 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/william_keating/412435"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001176","name":"Steve Scalise","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"LA","score":23,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Steve Scalise (R-LA), House Majority Leader, has no record of trading individual stocks; tracking services estimate roughly $0 in publicly traded assets for his household, and his only disclosed asset is a small trust/bank account. His disclosed net worth has declined over his tenure—from a median near $240,000 when he entered Congress in 2008 to approximately negative $574,000 in 2024, largely reflecting disclosed mortgage and personal-loan liabilities against real estate whose value is not captured in disclosure totals; there is no evidence of net-worth enrichment beyond salary. Scalise is among the top House recipients of oil and gas money (roughly $1.8 million from fossil fuel interests and $2.7 million from energy/natural resources over his career) and is the lead sponsor of the energy-deregulation Lower Energy Costs Act (H.R.1), an alignment that reflects correlation between donor industries and his legislative agenda, not proof of any quid pro quo. His career missed-vote rate of about 5.7% is above the chamber median, though significant absences coincide with documented medical events (a 2017 shooting and a 2023 multiple myeloma diagnosis with stem-cell transplant). Former senior aides (e.g., chief of staff Brett Horton) have moved into lobbying/trade-group roles, a common staff-to-lobbyist pipeline, but no family lobbying or campaign-fund personal-use findings were located in available public records. Where data was unavailable (campaign personal-use spending, detailed PAC expenditures), no penalty was assigned.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence Scalise or his household trades individual securities; trackers estimate roughly $0 in publicly traded assets and no disclosed individual stock holdings. Per rubric, household that does not trade individual stocks scores 0.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scalise does not own or trade individual stocks; he has approximately $0 invested in publicly traded assets that can be tracked live.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Steve%20Scalise-S001176"},{"claim":"NOTUS review of his disclosures found no indication that Scalise owns individual stocks; his only disclosed asset is a joint bank account.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/capitol-gains/louisiana-congress-investments-money-stocks"},{"claim":"As Majority Leader, Scalise publicly backed legislation to bar members, spouses and dependents from buying individual stocks, and personally holds none.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2025/12/18/congress-stock-trading-ban-trump.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosed net worth declined over tenure (median ~$240,000 in 2008 to ~negative $574,000 in 2024), driven by mortgage/loan liabilities. No enrichment beyond salary and no market-beating asset growth evident.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scalise entered Congress in 2008 with a median net worth just over $240,000; by 2024 it had dropped to approximately negative $574,000.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/capitol-gains/louisiana-congress-investments-money-stocks"},{"claim":"His 2024 disclosure lists one small asset (a trust/bank account) against two home mortgages and a personal loan, producing a negative net-worth figure among the lowest in the House.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/steve-scalise-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":62,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Heavy, concentrated fossil-fuel and energy industry giving (~$1.8M fossil fuel; ~$2.7M energy/natural resources career) aligns with Scalise's lead sponsorship of the energy-deregulation Lower Energy Costs Act (H.R.1). No quid pro quo asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scalise has received nearly $1.8 million from the fossil fuel industry and $2.7 million from energy and natural resources over his career, ranking among top House recipients of oil and gas money.","sourceUrl":"https://www.eenews.net/articles/meet-the-top-house-recipients-of-oil-and-gas-money/"},{"claim":"Scalise is the lead sponsor of the Lower Energy Costs Act (H.R.1), which expands drilling and repeals IRA climate provisions, and was among the House members receiving the most oil and gas donations.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2023/03/30/republican-energy-bill-follows-massive-increase-in-fossil-fuel-donations/"},{"claim":"Recent top PAC donors include Koch Industries, Valero Energy, and Edison Chouest Offshore, all tied to fossil-fuel or offshore-drilling sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://news.bgov.com/bloomberg-government-news/oil-gas-ties-power-house-speaker-candidate-scalise-fundraising"},{"claim":"Career top contributor reported as AIPAC (~$540,618); top industries include energy and food processing.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/steve-scalise/summary?cid=N00009660&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting located documenting personal-benefit spending (luxury travel, dining, personal items) by Scalise's campaign or the Scalise Leadership Fund. OpenSecrets/FEC expenditure pages exist but specific personal-use findings were not accessible. No penalty for absence of data.","evidence":[{"claim":"The Scalise Leadership Fund is a registered committee with FEC-tracked expenditures, but no documented personal-use abuse specific to Scalise was found in available sources.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00568162/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline (longtime chief of staff Brett Horton moved to an industry trade group; prior reporting on use of a federal lobbyist in hiring). No evidence of family members lobbying or contracting tied to his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Scalise's longtime top aide/chief of staff (Brett Horton, with him since 2010) left to take a job with an industry trade group.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nola.com/news/politics/longtime-top-aide-to-steve-scalise-takes-lobbying-job/article_4951269c-b1f5-420d-bb25-9bfc9fa3e137.html"},{"claim":"Scalise drew scrutiny for using the assistance of a federal lobbyist (John Feehery) when staffing the Majority Leader's press office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Scalise"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Career missed-vote rate ~5.7% (633 of 11,200), above the ~2.1% chamber median. However, major absences coincide with documented serious medical events (2017 shooting; 2023 multiple myeloma diagnosis and stem-cell transplant), reducing inference of fundraising-driven absenteeism.","evidence":[{"claim":"From May 2008 to June 2026, Scalise missed 633 of 11,200 roll call votes (5.7%), versus a median of 2.1% among currently serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/steve_scalise/412261"},{"claim":"Scalise was absent from Congress from early January 2024 while undergoing a stem-cell transplant for multiple myeloma, later returning in remission.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/homenews/house/4456176-scalise-returning-to-washington-next-week-with-cancer-in-complete-remission/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"W000800","name":"Peter Welch","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"VT","score":23,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Peter Welch (D-VT), in office in the House from 2007-2023 and the Senate since 2023, has a relatively clean self-dealing profile. He historically held a portfolio of individual stocks (largely managed/associated with his wife Margaret Cheney) and disclosed dozens of sales, but after a STOCK Act late-disclosure complaint in 2021 he pledged to stop owning individual stocks and shifted into funds and cash reserves; he is a co-sponsor of congressional stock-trade ban legislation. His estimated ~$10.8M net worth makes him one of the wealthier members, but much of that wealth predates or tracks normal market growth rather than demonstrable office-driven enrichment. His donor base is concentrated in trade-association PACs (medical, real estate, agriculture/dairy, retail) that overlap with his committee work, which is a correlation worth noting but not proof of vote-buying. No credible reporting indicates campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying tied to his office, or excessive missed votes paired with paid speech income.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosed ~83 trades across ~41 companies (cumulative ~$0.9M-$2.3M parsed), nearly all SALES concentrated in 2018 and Nov 2021, from a portfolio largely tied to his wife. A late disclosure of her ExxonMobil trades (days before he questioned Exxon's CEO at an Oversight hearing) drew a 2021 STOCK Act complaint. He then pledged in 2020/2021 to stop owning individual stocks, divested into funds/cash (e.g., up to $1M FDRXX), and co-sponsors a trading-ban bill. Score reflects past committee-sector overlap and one suspicious-timing episode, partially mitigated by divestment and no evidence of market-beating active trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Welch vowed to stop trading individual stocks after a STOCK Act ethics complaint over his wife's late-disclosed ExxonMobil trades, which surfaced days before he grilled Exxon's CEO at an Oversight hearing.","sourceUrl":"https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2021/12/28/peter-welch-vows-to-stop-trading-stocks-after-receiving-ethics-complaint/"},{"claim":"Welch completed ~83 trades involving ~41 companies (e.g., Union Pacific, Cisco, US Bancorp, Exxon), overwhelmingly sales concentrated in Nov 2021.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/peter-welch/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$10.8M (June 2026), up from a 2023 disclosure range midpoint, making him one of the wealthier members of Congress (~107th). Growth largely tracks normal market appreciation of a substantial pre-existing portfolio (e.g., monthly 'net worth update' estimates of +$100K-$490K reflect market moves on holdings, not new income). No evidence of enrichment beyond salary+market attributable to office; pre-office wealth is not scored. Low score reflects absence of anomalous, office-driven growth.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Welch's net worth at ~$10.8M (June 2026), with ~$6.3M in publicly traded assets; monthly changes track market performance.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Peter%20Welch-W000800/net-worth"},{"claim":"His 2023 financial disclosure reported a net worth range of roughly $4.9M to $13.6M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/peter-welch/net-worth?cid=N00000515"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Welch pledged to refuse 'corporate PAC' money but accepts substantial trade-association PAC money (medical, real estate, dairy/agriculture, retail). In Q1 2022 alone, ~$226K of $839K raised came from political committees including these PACs. Several donor sectors overlap his Finance, Agriculture, and Judiciary committee jurisdictions (dairy/agriculture, healthcare, real estate). This is a notable industry-concentration pattern, but no specific quid-pro-quo vote tied to a donor is documented; score reflects correlation only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Welch pledged no corporate PAC money but accepted trade-association PAC max donations (e.g., NAR, Dairy Farmers of America, ADA, Food Marketing Institute); ~$226,625 of Q1 2022's $839,375 came from political committees.","sourceUrl":"https://vtdigger.org/2022/04/19/welch-pledged-to-refuse-corporate-contributions-to-his-senate-campaign-but-trade-associations-dont-count/"},{"claim":"Welch sits on the Finance, Agriculture, Judiciary, and Rules committees, jurisdictions overlapping his dairy, healthcare, and real-estate donors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.welch.senate.gov/senator-welch-to-join-finance-committee-in-119th-congress/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No credible reporting or FEC enforcement action found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Welch. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record for Welch shows no personal-use enforcement findings in available data.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H6VT00160/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented evidence of family members lobbying or holding contracts tied to Welch's office, nor a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. No reporting surfaced; absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets revolving-door database returns no notable office-linked family or staff lobbying ties for Welch in available results.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving-door/search"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Welch missed 60 of 1,473 roll-call votes (4.1%) from Jan 2007 to June 2026, slightly worse than the ~2.8% median for currently serving senators but not extreme. No evidence of heavy paid-speech income or fundraising activity displacing legislative duties. Low score reflects modestly above-median absenteeism with no aggravating fundraising pattern.","evidence":[{"claim":"Welch missed 60 of 1,473 roll-call votes (4.1%) from Jan 2007-June 2026, worse than the 2.8% median among currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/peter_welch/412239"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001196","name":"Elise M. Stefanik","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"NY","score":23,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Elise Stefanik (R-NY-21) presents a largely clean record on direct financial self-dealing: public statements and stock-tracking databases indicate her household does not trade individual stocks, and she co-signed a discharge petition to ban congressional stock trading. Her financial disclosures show modest assets substantially offset by liabilities, and available data do not establish net-worth enrichment beyond salary and market returns. Her campaign fundraising is concentrated among gun-rights (~$404K in 2024), pro-Israel/AIPAC (~$204K), oil-and-gas (~$170K), and finance interests, and her legislative activity on firearms aligns with those donors—an alignment that is correlation, not proof of any quid pro quo. The most notable accountability concern is a family-tied industry connection: her husband, Matt Manda, works in public affairs for the National Shooting Sports Foundation, a gun-industry trade group, an arrangement ethics experts have called \"legal but dubious.\" No sourced evidence was found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit, and her missed-vote rate (2.1% lifetime) is on par with the congressional median, indicating no fundraising-driven neglect of duties.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence the Stefanik household trades individual stocks. Stefanik publicly states she has never bought or traded a single individual stock in her congressional tenure, signed a discharge petition to ban congressional stock trading, and stock-tracking databases list no trades for her.","evidence":[{"claim":"Stefanik stated: 'Throughout my entire 11 years in Congress, I have never purchased or traded a single individual stock because I believe it is unethical,' and she signed a discharge petition to ban members, spouses and dependents from trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/homenews/house/5631652-congress-stock-trading-ban/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's congressional trading tracker for Elise M. Stefanik lists no individual stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Elise%20M.%20Stefanik-S001196"},{"claim":"Press release confirming Stefanik signed the discharge petition to ban stock trading for members of Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Press+Release:+Elise+Stefanik+Signs+Discharge+Petition+to+Ban+Stock+Trading+for+Members+of+Congress"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Disclosures show modest assets offset by substantial liabilities, with no clear evidence of wealth growth beyond salary and market returns attributable to office. Public net-worth estimates vary enormously (from negative to multi-million) because House forms use ranges and exclude primary residences, making any enrichment finding unreliable.","evidence":[{"claim":"Per her 2023 disclosure, Stefanik's assets were valued between $270,007 and $625,000 with liabilities of $210,003 to $515,000, yielding a net-worth range from roughly -$245,000 to +$415,000.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/elise-stefanik-net-worth/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains a personal-finances net-worth page for Stefanik based on her House disclosure filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/elise-stefanik/net-worth?cid=N00035523"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Stefanik's fundraising shows concentration from gun-rights, pro-Israel/AIPAC, oil-and-gas, and finance interests, and her legislative activity (e.g., sponsoring the Second Amendment Guarantee Act) aligns with the gun-industry positions of donors and her husband's employer. This reflects alignment, not any established quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gun-rights individuals and PACs contributed about $404,000 to Stefanik in the 2024 cycle; oil-and-gas interests gave about $170,000; AIPAC-channeled pro-Israel donors gave about $204,000; top contributors included Apollo Global Management and Andreessen Horowitz.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2025/01/trump-administration-profile-elise-stefanik/"},{"claim":"Stefanik became more active legislating on gun issues during her husband's tenure at NSSF, including sponsoring the Second Amendment Guarantee Act of 2021, and NSSF's PAC has backed her with nearly $20,000.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/trump-favorite-stefanik-married-to-gun-industry-1364382/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains Stefanik's top-industries breakdown for the 2024 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/elise-stefanik/industries?cid=N00035523&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence located of Stefanik's campaign committee or her leadership PAC (E-PAC) spending funds on personal-benefit categories, and no FEC complaint on personal use was found. Absence of data is not treated as wrongdoing.","evidence":[{"claim":"E-PAC is Stefanik's affiliated leadership PAC (FEC ID C00570945); its expenditures are publicly filed but no personal-use findings were identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00570945/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":48,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Stefanik's spouse, Matt Manda, works in public affairs for the National Shooting Sports Foundation, the firearm industry's leading trade group that also lobbies Congress and whose PAC has donated to her. Ethics experts have characterized the arrangement as 'legal but dubious,' creating a family-tied industry connection to her office, though it is not a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline.","evidence":[{"claim":"Stefanik's husband Matt Manda is a public affairs/communications official at the National Shooting Sports Foundation; CREW's Donald Sherman called the setup 'legal but dubious' and 'the next best thing' to having a member of Congress on the payroll.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/trump-favorite-stefanik-married-to-gun-industry-1364382/"},{"claim":"Reporting confirms Manda is married to Stefanik and works as a pro-gun-industry public affairs figure.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elise_Stefanik"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":6,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Stefanik's missed-vote rate is low and on par with peers, providing no signal of neglecting legislative duties in favor of fundraising. From January 2015 to May 2026 she missed 135 of 6,281 roll-call votes (2.1%), matching the median of currently serving representatives.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2015 to May 2026, Stefanik missed 135 of 6,281 roll call votes (2.1%), on par with the 2.1% median among currently serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/elise_stefanik/412648"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"J000299","name":"Mike Johnson","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"LA","score":23,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Speaker Mike Johnson (R-LA) is an outlier among recent House leaders in that his financial disclosures report no individual stocks, mutual funds, or other securities, and recent coverage describes a near-zero or negative net worth dominated by a home mortgage and personal loans, with income chiefly from his congressional salary and modest Liberty University teaching pay. Because the household does not trade individual securities, STOCK Act trading and committee-overlap concerns are effectively absent. His campaigns and joint fundraising committees draw heavily from the oil and gas industry (about $338,125 career, his single largest industry), and he has publicly championed LNG exports and opposed drilling restrictions; this is a documented correlation between donor concentration and policy alignment, not evidence of any quid pro quo. In August 2025 the Campaign Legal Center filed FEC and Office of Congressional Conduct complaints alleging Johnson improperly used roughly $12,500 in campaign funds to pay personal D.C. rent to a company owned by Rep. Darrell Issa; his campaign says the payments covered a separate campaign office. Watchdog complaints have also questioned disclosure omissions tied to his wife's nonprofit income, but no evidence was found of family lobbying or contracting tied to his office. He has missed about 3.5% of roll-call votes over his career, modestly above the chamber median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Multiple outlets, citing Johnson's official financial disclosure, report he owns no individual stocks, mutual funds, or securities and does not trade. No personal or spouse/dependent securities trades are disclosed under the STOCK Act, so the household does not trade individual stocks.","evidence":[{"claim":"Johnson's financial disclosure shows he doesn't own any stocks, holds no mutual funds or financial investments; assets listed as 'none disclosed,' only liabilities (mortgage, personal loan, HELOC).","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/mike-johnson-bucks-trend-house-speakers-owning-high-dollar-financial-assets-man-people"},{"claim":"Coverage notes Johnson is 'not independently wealthy' and 'does not trade stocks,' a contrast to predecessors with multimillion-dollar portfolios.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/09/politics/mike-johnson-finances-what-matters/index.html"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's congressional trading profile for Mike Johnson shows no recorded stock trades or portfolio holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Mike%20Johnson-J000299"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Reported net worth is low to negative and dominated by a home and personal debt; income is chiefly the congressional salary plus minor teaching pay. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary and broad-market returns over his tenure; estimates vary but cluster near or below zero.","evidence":[{"claim":"Johnson reported only liabilities (mortgage up to $500K, personal loan up to $50K, HELOC up to $50K) and no investment assets; estimates place net worth as low as negative figures.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/mike-johnson-bucks-trend-house-speakers-owning-high-dollar-financial-assets-man-people"},{"claim":"Johnson primarily relies on his congressional salary (~$223,500 as Speaker) plus ~$29,800 from teaching online courses at Liberty University.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketplace.org/story/2023/11/09/whats-the-deal-with-speaker-mike-johnsons-financial-disclosure"},{"claim":"Coverage emphasizes Johnson's 'modest means' relative to predecessors like McCarthy and Pelosi who held millions in assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/09/politics/mike-johnson-finances-what-matters/index.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":48,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: oil and gas is Johnson's single largest career industry of support (~$338,125), and his joint fundraising committees draw heavily from fossil-fuel and finance donors, while he publicly champions LNG exports and opposes drilling/export restrictions. This reflects donor concentration aligned with policy positions; no quid pro quo is asserted or shown.","evidence":[{"claim":"Oil and gas is the industry tied to the most money to Johnson over his career: about $338,125 since his first 2015 House run; he is a member of the House Natural Gas Caucus.","sourceUrl":"https://www.eenews.net/articles/republican-speaker-candidates-flush-with-fossil-fuel-cash/"},{"claim":"Johnson advocated reversing Biden's LNG export pause and said Republicans would do everything they could to support an oil and gas industry under 'attack,' touring a natural gas rig.","sourceUrl":"https://www.eenews.net/articles/johnson-tours-natural-gas-rig-slams-biden-export-pause/"},{"claim":"Johnson's joint fundraising committee Grow the Majority raised more than $24.1 million in Q1 2024, led by billionaires in the fossil fuel and investment industries.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2025/04/18/fossil-fuel-and-finance-donors-pour-millions-into-house-gop-war-chest/"},{"claim":"Wealthy Louisiana donors, including oil/gas and shipyard interests, are described as key funders for Johnson and House GOP.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnbc.com/2023/10/31/mike-johnsons-donors-could-become-key-funders-for-house-gop.html"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":52,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"The Campaign Legal Center filed FEC and Office of Congressional Conduct complaints in August 2025 alleging Johnson's campaign improperly paid roughly $12,500 (~$2,500/month) for what they characterize as his personal D.C. residence rent, to a company owned by Rep. Darrell Issa. Allegations are unadjudicated; Johnson's campaign says the payments were for a separate campaign office.","evidence":[{"claim":"CLC alleges Johnson's campaign disbursed about $12,500 ($2,500/month) to Greene Properties, owned by Rep. Darrell Issa, allegedly to rent Johnson's personal D.C. residence, with no prior history of the campaign renting D.C. office space.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/update/new-clc-complaints-allege-house-speaker-unlawfully-used-campaign-funds-rent"},{"claim":"Watchdog filed FEC and OCC complaints on Aug. 6, 2025 over five $2,500 'rent' disbursements; campaign spokesman says the space was a separate campaign office used strictly for campaign business.","sourceUrl":"https://www.courthousenews.com/watchdog-says-mike-johnson-used-campaign-funds-to-rent-from-gop-lawmaker/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No evidence found of family members lobbying or contracting tied to Johnson's office, or of a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Watchdog complaints have alleged disclosure omissions regarding his wife's nonprofit/private counseling income, but these concern reporting accuracy rather than lobbying or contracting linked to his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"An End Citizens United complaint alleges Johnson's disclosures omitted sources of his wife Kelly Johnson's income and her stake in her private company; her nonprofit Onward Christian Education Services functioned largely as a salary vehicle (~$162,076 over four years).","sourceUrl":"https://www.thedailybeast.com/mike-johnsons-shady-finances-are-already-coming-back-to-bite-him/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Johnson missed about 3.5% of roll-call votes over his career (159 of 4,502 through June 2026), modestly above the ~2.1% median for currently serving representatives, while leading heavy fundraising operations as Speaker. No evidence of paid speeches; absences are consistent with leadership/travel duties rather than documented fundraising conflicts.","evidence":[{"claim":"Johnson missed 159 of 4,502 roll-call votes (3.5%) from January 2017 to June 2026, worse than the 2.1% median among currently serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/mike_johnson/412706"},{"claim":"As Speaker, Johnson's joint fundraising committee raised more than $24.1 million in Q1 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2025/04/18/fossil-fuel-and-finance-donors-pour-millions-into-house-gop-war-chest/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001114","name":"John R. Curtis","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"UT","score":23,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"John Curtis (R-UT), a U.S. Senator since 2025 after serving in the House 2017-2024, had an active individual-stock portfolio during his House tenure (roughly 278 transactions across ~86 companies, ~$2.7M total volume), which generated recurring scrutiny, including a 2020 Office of Congressional Ethics complaint over pandemic-era purchases that OCE declined to pursue. Curtis and his staff stated the trades were executed by an outside manager (Northwestern Mutual Private Client Services) without his prior knowledge, and he liquidated nearly all corporate-stock holdings in December 2023 to remove the issue; he has since co-sponsored bipartisan trading-restriction legislation. His wealth (~$18M estimated) is concentrated in pre-office real estate, car-wash franchises and private business interests rather than office-linked enrichment. No campaign-fund personal-use findings, family-lobbying ties, or attendance problems surfaced in public records (missed ~2% of votes). The main accountability flag is the volume of individual-stock trading while in office; remaining components show a largely clean public record.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":42,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"During his House tenure Curtis disclosed a high volume of individual-stock activity (~278 transactions across ~86 companies, ~$2.7M total). A 2020 OCE complaint alleged he bought pandemic-boosted stocks (e.g., Zoom, Amazon) with suspicious timing; OCE declined to open a formal investigation. Curtis says trades were executed by an outside manager (Northwestern Mutual PCS) without his input, and he sold off nearly all corporate stock in Dec 2023. Elevated for volume and timing optics, tempered by managed-account claim, lack of demonstrated market-beating returns, and full divestment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Curtis disclosed ~278 trades across ~86 companies, ~$2.7M volume, in individual stocks like NVDA, MSFT, AMZN.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/john-curtis/"},{"claim":"2020 OCE complaint over pandemic stock buys was declined; Curtis said trades were made by Northwestern Mutual's Private Client Services without his consultation, and he later sold off the portfolio.","sourceUrl":"https://www.deseret.com/utah/2024/06/11/john-curtis-explains-stock-trading-after-trent-staggs-attack-in-republican-senate-debate/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth rose from ~$5.1M (2017) to an estimated ~$18M (2026). However, the bulk is held in pre-office and non-office-linked assets: Utah/Texas real estate, opportunity-zone funds, multiple Quick Quack Car Wash franchises, and private business stakes (e.g., ATI Founders). Growth is largely attributable to private real-estate/business holdings and market appreciation rather than demonstrable office-linked enrichment; modest score reflects the magnitude of growth without proof it exceeds market/business returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Curtis worth ~$18.1M (Jan 2026), up from ~$5.1M in 2017; holdings are heavily real estate, opportunity-zone funds, car-wash franchises and private business interests.","sourceUrl":"https://coloradonewsline.com/2024/01/10/financial-disclosures-for-utah-members-of-congress-show-stocks-real-estate-other-assets/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Curtis sits on the Senate Commerce and Environment & Public Works committees and built an energy/climate-focused brand (founder of the Conservative Climate Caucus). His donor base includes energy, finance and tech interests with policy interests before those panels. Public records show typical committee-sector donor alignment but no specific documented quid pro quo or vote demonstrably traded for contributions. Score reflects ordinary sector-aligned giving common to senators, labeled as correlation only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Curtis serves on Senate Commerce and Environment & Public Works committees, overlapping with energy/tech/finance donor sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.senate.gov/general/committee_assignments/assignments.htm"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Curtis's career industry contributions across energy, finance and other sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/john-curtis/industries?cid=N00041221&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records, FEC enforcement actions, or credible reporting found indicating personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Curtis. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee overview for John Curtis for Utah shows campaign spending with no flagged personal-use enforcement matter found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00647339/?tab=spending"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found tying Curtis family members to lobbying or office-linked contracts, nor any notable documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline specific to his office. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm and OpenSecrets revolving-door databases list Curtis staff but surfaced no notable family-lobbying or staff-to-lobbyist scandal.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/3200/name/John_Curtis.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Curtis missed about 17 of 830 roll-call votes (~2.0%) from Nov 2017 to June 2026, slightly better than the ~2.8% Senate median. No evidence of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Low score reflects a strong attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Curtis missed ~2.0% of roll-call votes (17 of 830), below the ~2.8% peer median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_curtis/412740"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001325","name":"Sheri Biggs","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"SC","score":23,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Sheri Biggs, a nurse practitioner and former Air National Guard officer, has represented South Carolina's 3rd District since January 2025 and sits on Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, and Science. Her husband, Bill Biggs, brought wealth from a healthcare services business into the marriage before she took office. In October 2025 she filed one report disclosing about 176 of her husband's trades late, most around five months past the deadline, including a wide sell-off of individual stocks on March 18-19, 2025 that NOTUS linked in time to a tariff preview. Her filings describe the account as professionally managed. She has not missed a roll-call vote this Congress.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":52,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of 12 PTRs shows 265 transactions (262 spouse, 3 joint) worth $6.7M-$20.0M in reported ranges. 177 were filed after the 45-day deadline, almost all in one report signed 10/05/2025 that covered trades back to January 2025, most about 155 days late. That report includes 77 individual-stock sales on March 18-19, 2025 in a 'professionally managed account', the dates NOTUS flagged as the day Treasury Secretary Bessent previewed the April tariffs. Her filings call the account professionally managed; NOTUS notes the law makes no distinction. Later reports are mostly on time and mostly Treasuries, structured notes and credit funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"Report signed 10/05/2025 lists spouse sales on 03/18-19/2025 of Apple, Chevron, Microsoft, Berkshire Hathaway and dozens of foreign ADRs (including Alibaba and China Construction Bank) in a 'Professionally managed account' held through W.S.B Trust at UBS.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20032149.pdf"},{"claim":"NOTUS found Biggs was weeks or months late disclosing more than 170 trades by her husband Bill Biggs, worth $4.14M-$13.62M; dozens were stock sales on March 18, 2025, the day Treasury Secretary Bessent previewed tariff details. Her office did not respond beyond acknowledging the request.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/rep-sheri-biggs-republican-congresswoman-stock-trades?redirected=notus_org"},{"claim":"NOTUS reported a sale of up to $50,000 in Northrop Grumman stock on March 19, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/rep-sheri-biggs-republican-congresswoman-stock-trades?redirected=notus_org"},{"claim":"A Sept. 2026 report lists spouse sale and repurchase of Bank of Nova Scotia structured notes at $500,001-$1,000,000 each, filed on time.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20035489.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Biggs entered Congress in January 2025 with family wealth already in place: her pre-office 2024 candidate report shows her husband's salary from PH Health Care and a spouse promissory note tied to the sale of a minority interest in that healthcare business. Too little time in office to judge growth.","evidence":[{"claim":"Her March 2024 candidate report lists spouse salary from PH Health Care.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2024/10056896.pdf"},{"claim":"Her 2025 annual report lists a spouse-owned PH Healthcare Services promissory note valued 'Spouse/DC Over $1,000,000' and describes a 'Sale of minority interest in healthcare services business'.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075607.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Committee PAC money was $278K of $1.08M in 2024 and $291K of $505K through mid-2026, a high PAC share typical of a first-term incumbent. No reporting tied donors to her official actions.","evidence":[{"claim":"2024 receipts of $1,076,796 included $278,300 from other committees, $403,496 from individuals and $395,000 in candidate loans.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4SC01313/?cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint or reporting on personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC (HEAL PAC) funds was found. She lent her 2024 campaign $395,000, still listed as owed.","evidence":[{"claim":"Her committee reported $395,000 in candidate loans and $395,000 in debts owed at the end of 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4SC01313/?cycle=2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying or office-linked contracts were found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview's 119th Congress data shows no missed roll-call votes (0 of 674).","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview records zero 'not voting' entries for Biggs (ICPSR 22505) across 674 House roll calls through Sept. 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"},{"claim":"Voteview member page for Sheri Biggs.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/person/22505"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001153","name":"Lisa Murkowski","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"AK","score":22,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Lisa Murkowski (R-AK) holds a passive individual-stock position (Wells Fargo, up to $500K) plus index funds and a DC rental property, but trackers show no active individual-stock trading over recent years, limiting STOCK Act timing concerns. Her disclosed net worth (roughly $1.2M-$3.2M range) is modest for a long-tenured senator and shows no evidence of growth beyond salary and market returns. Her strongest accountability signal is correlation-based: the oil and gas industry has historically been among her top donors while she sits on the Energy and Natural Resources Committee and supports Alaska energy development, though this is alignment, not proof of quid pro quo. No FEC personal-use violations or family-lobbying ties surfaced in public records; her lifetime missed-vote rate (about 4.8%) is somewhat above the Senate median but not extreme.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Holds an individual-stock position in Wells Fargo (WFC, up to $500K) plus SPY and tax-exempt funds, but congressional-trade trackers report no active individual-stock transactions in recent years. Low self-dealing signal: a passive single-name holding with no documented trading timing or volume, though WFC is a regulated sector she could touch via banking-related votes.","evidence":[{"claim":"Capitol Trades / trackers show no tracked trade activity for Murkowski in recent years; disclosures show a held WFC position rather than active trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/politicians/M001153"},{"claim":"2023 disclosure lists Wells Fargo (WFC) shares valued $250,001-$500,000 plus SPY and Vanguard tax-exempt fund holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Lisa%20Murkowski-M001153/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Disclosed net worth falls roughly in the $1.17M-$3.16M range (2023 filing), modest for a senator serving since 2002. No public evidence of growth outpacing salary plus normal market/real-estate appreciation; primary assets are a DC rental apartment and a single equity position.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 annual financial disclosure indicates net worth between roughly $1.17M and $3.16M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/lisa-murkowski/net-worth?cid=N00026050"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Oil and gas has long ranked among Murkowski's top industry donors (e.g., ~$611K over six years cited in 2015), while she serves on / has chaired the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee and consistently backs Alaska oil, gas, and ANWR development. Donor-vote alignment is real but reflects Alaska's resource economy and is not evidence of a quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Oil and gas industry is a top Murkowski contributor (~$611,531 over six years cited), aligning with her energy committee role and pro-development votes.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2015/02/murkowski-backed-by-oil-industry-is-getting-the-fight-shes-been-pining-for-on-tuesday"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets career industry breakdown documents her donor concentration including energy sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/lisa-murkowski/industries?cid=N00026050&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement actions or credible reports of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit surfaced in public records. Heavy out-of-state fundraising was noted by a 2025 opinion piece but concerns donor sourcing, not personal use.","evidence":[{"claim":"No personal-use violations found; FEC candidate/committee records show standard reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4AK00099/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented evidence of family members lobbying tied to her office or contracts, nor a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline, surfaced in public records. (Her father Frank Murkowski appointed her to the seat in 2002, but that predates and is separate from lobbying-for-profit concerns.)","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC and OpenSecrets records reviewed show lobbyist donations but no family-lobbying or contract ties attributable to her office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/lisa-murkowski/summary?cid=N00026050"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of about 4.8% (389 of 8,105 roll calls, 2003-2026) is above the ~2.8% median of currently serving senators. Combined with strong out-of-state fundraising (~$6.8M raised in off-cycle 2025), there is modestly elevated job-vs-fundraising signal, though no evidence votes were missed specifically for fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 389 of 8,105 roll call votes (4.8%) Jan 2003-June 2026, worse than the 2.8% median for serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/lisa_murkowski/300075"},{"claim":"Raised ~$6.84M in off-cycle 2025, over three times typical, mostly from out-of-state donors.","sourceUrl":"https://alaskawatchman.com/2025/12/26/opinion-sen-murkowskis-campaign-contributions-look-suspicious/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000393","name":"John Kennedy","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"LA","score":22,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Senator John Kennedy (R-LA), a member of the Senate Banking and Judiciary Committees, holds an estimated net worth around $21M, the bulk of it in broad index and mutual funds rather than actively traded individual stocks. Public trade trackers (MarketBeat) show only a small number of individual-stock transactions totaling roughly $16K, which keeps direct STOCK Act exposure low, though a February 2026 CNN analysis named him among senators whose disclosed holdings overlap with industries their committees regulate (banking/finance). His voting attendance is strong (about 3% missed votes, near the Senate median), and no public records surfaced indicating campaign-fund personal use, FEC violations, or family-lobbying arrangements tied to his office. Overall the record is comparatively clean, with the main flag being the optics of holding financial-sector assets while overseeing that sector.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Limited individual-stock trading. MarketBeat shows ~2 individual trades totaling ~$16K (e.g., Annaly Capital Management/NLY purchase 4/21/2025, $1K-15K range). Most disclosed wealth (~$8.4M public assets) is in broad index/mutual funds (e.g., BKTSX up to $5M, MTUM ETF). A Feb 2026 CNN analysis flagged committee-sector overlap (Banking Committee + financial holdings like NLY, a mortgage REIT), but trade volume and timing evidence is minimal. No spouse-trade volume documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kennedy shows ~2 individual stock trades totaling ~$16K, including an Annaly Capital (NLY) purchase on 4/21/2025 in the $1,001-$15,000 range.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/john-kennedy/"},{"claim":"CNN named Kennedy among senators whose stock holdings overlap with industries their committees regulate.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/09/politics/senator-stock-trading-congress"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated ~$21M (Quiver, June 2026), with disclosure ranges of roughly $8.3M-$22.2M. Monthly market gains (e.g., ~$209K in May 2026) appear consistent with passive index/fund appreciation, not salary-implausible growth. No sourced analysis isolates tenure-driven enrichment beyond market returns; much wealth predates or stems from business/real-estate interests not attributable to office. No penalty for absence of evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Kennedy's net worth at ~$21.3M (June 2026); disclosure ranges ~$8.3M-$22.2M, largely business interests and mutual funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/John%20Kennedy-K000393/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Kennedy chairs the Banking subcommittee on Economic Policy and sits on Banking and Judiciary; finance/securities and legal sectors are typical top donor industries for him, and he holds financial-sector assets. CNN documented the committee-sector overlap. Exact donor-industry dollar totals (OpenSecrets) were paywalled/inaccessible, so aligned-vote concentration could not be precisely quantified; score reflects documented sector overlap only, not proven quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kennedy chairs the Banking subcommittee on Economic Policy and serves on Banking and Judiciary, overseeing the financial sector.","sourceUrl":"https://www.kennedy.senate.gov/public/committee-assignments"},{"claim":"CNN analysis found Kennedy among senators whose trades/holdings overlap industries their committees regulate.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/09/politics/senator-stock-trading-congress"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records or reporting surfaced indicating personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds, nor any FEC enforcement action. FEC committee (John Kennedy for US, C00608398) exists but no documented improper personal expenditures found. No penalty for absence of evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kennedy's principal campaign committee is John Kennedy for US (C00608398); no documented personal-use findings located.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00608398/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family members lobbying tied to his office, government contracts steered to relatives, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Searches returned no such reporting. No penalty for absence of evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"No reporting of family lobbying or contracts tied to Kennedy's office was found in public records searches.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kennedy_(Louisiana_politician)"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: GovTrack shows Kennedy missed 115 of 3,787 roll-call votes (3.0%) from Jan 2017-June 2026, near the Senate lifetime median (~2.8%). No evidence of attendance neglect coinciding with heavy paid speaking/fundraising. Low score reflects good attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kennedy missed 115 of 3,787 roll-call votes (3.0%) Jan 2017-June 2026, on par with the ~2.8% Senate median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_kennedy/412679"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000628","name":"Neal P. Dunn","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"FL","score":22,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Neal Dunn, a urologist, has represented Florida's 2nd District since 2017 and is retiring at the end of this term after a serious heart diagnosis. He is vice chair of Energy and Commerce and sits on the China select committee. His stock trades are few and small, mostly bank preferred shares in IRAs, with two reported late. His campaign takes more from PACs than individuals, led by health-care, telecom and auto-aftermarket groups whose interests track his committee work and his REPAIR Act. He missed 18.2% of votes in the 119th Congress, mostly in 2026 during his illness.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Dunn's 9 PTRs (May 2024-June 2026) list 24 transactions, nearly all small bank and telecom preferred shares in IRAs at Merrill Lynch, totaling $150K-$600K. One spouse-IRA trade: a MicroStrategy purchase. Two trades were reported past the 45-day limit: the MicroStrategy buy (12/24/2024, reported 03/10/2025, 31 days past deadline) and a Capital One preferred buy (06/02/2025, reported 08/13/2025, 27 days late); both filings list notification dates within 30 days of filing. Low volume, little overlap with Energy and Commerce.","evidence":[{"claim":"PTR filed 03/10/2025 reports a spouse IRA purchase of MicroStrategy (MSTR), $15,001-$50,000, dated 12/24/2024 with notification on 03/05/2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20027895.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR filed 08/13/2025 reports a Capital One Series I preferred purchase, $1,001-$15,000, dated 06/02/2025 with notification on 07/25/2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030735.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR filed 11/07/2024 lists eight $1,001-$15,000 purchases of bank and AT&T preferred shares.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2024/20026140.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Dunn's 2025 annual report shows IRAs (largest single holding a $500K-$1M QQQ position), no liabilities, and partnerships in medical-imaging and other LLCs from his career as a urologist. No source quantifying wealth change over his time in office was found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Dunn's campaign takes more from PACs than individuals ($836,807 vs. $585,857 in 2023-24). As Energy and Commerce vice chair with seats on Health, Communications and Technology, and Commerce, Manufacturing and Trade, his top PAC donors match that jurisdiction: physician groups, dialysis companies, insurers, and Comcast, Charter and AT&T. The Auto Care Association PAC gave $15,000, and the association's top legislative priority is his REPAIR Act. That bill is opposed by automakers and dealers, and Dunn frames it as consumer protection. No official allegation exists.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023-24 cycle: $1,648,134.72 receipts, $836,807 from PACs/other committees and $585,856.71 from individuals.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H6FL02208/?cycle=2024"},{"claim":"FEC bulk PAC-to-candidate records (pas224 + pas226 files, 2024 and 2026 cycles combined) show Auto Care Association PAC ($15,000), American College of Surgeons ($15,000), Comcast/NBCUniversal ($15,000), DaVita ($14,000), Fresenius Medical Care ($13,000), Charter Communications ($12,500) and AT&T ($12,000) among his largest PAC donors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2026/pas226.zip"},{"claim":"Dunn is vice chair of Energy and Commerce and sits on its Health; Communications and Technology; and Commerce, Manufacturing and Trade subcommittees.","sourceUrl":"https://unitedstates.github.io/congress-legislators/committee-membership-current.json"},{"claim":"Auto Care Association CEO Bill Hanvey testified in January 2026 that including Dunn's H.R. 1566, the REPAIR Act, in the surface transportation bill is the association's top priority.","sourceUrl":"https://democrats-energycommerce.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/democrats-energycommerce.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/hanvey_testimony_cmt.2026.01.13.pdf"},{"claim":"NOTUS (July 24, 2026) describes the REPAIR Act as Dunn's final legislative push for independent repair shops, opposed by automakers and the National Automobile Dealers Association.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/analysis/neal-dunn-repair-act-legislation?redirected=notus_org"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC complaint, ethics referral or reporting on personal use of campaign funds was found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying or office-linked contracts were found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Dunn missed 123 of 674 recorded votes in the 119th Congress (18.2%), heavily concentrated in 2026 (including all 29 votes in September 2026). The context is medical: he was treated for a serious heart condition that Trump and Speaker Johnson publicly described as terminal in March 2026, and he is retiring. Illness scores lower than skipping votes to fundraise, and his fundraising has slowed.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th Congress record: 551 votes cast, 123 missed (18.2%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"},{"claim":"On March 16, 2026, Trump said Dunn had a terminal diagnosis; Trump said he referred Dunn to Walter Reed, where he had emergency surgery.","sourceUrl":"https://myfox28columbus.com/news/nation-world/trump-reveals-florida-gop-representative-had-a-terminal-diagnosis-house-speaker-mike-johnson-neal-dunn-kennedy-center"},{"claim":"NOTUS reports Dunn, 73, is retiring at the end of the term, nearly resigned after a terminal heart disease diagnosis, and says his prognosis has improved.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/analysis/neal-dunn-repair-act-legislation?redirected=notus_org"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C000127","name":"Maria Cantwell","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"WA","score":21,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Cantwell chairs the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee, and her largest donor industries (telecom, airlines, tech) fall under that committee's jurisdiction — a correlation, not proof of any quid pro quo. Her individual-stock exposure is minimal and dominated by a legacy RealNetworks holding tied to her pre-Senate executive career; the one notable 'trade' was a forced 2022 sale when the company was taken private. Most disclosed assets are mutual funds, and her net worth has not grown anomalously (estimates have declined since 2018). Overall the public record shows little evidence of active self-dealing through markets.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Minimal individual-stock activity; primary single-name exposure was a legacy RealNetworks (RNWK) stake from her pre-Senate VP role. The notable Dec 2022 sale (up to $50K) coincided with RNWK's go-private merger at $0.73/share, i.e. a forced/passive disposition rather than discretionary trading. Most holdings are mutual funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cantwell sold up to $50K of RealNetworks (RNWK) on Dec 28, 2022, around the company's go-private merger; her tracked trade volume is small.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/trades/10000060601"},{"claim":"Quiver parses up to ~$125K of STOCK Act trade data; holdings are largely mutual funds (e.g., Harbor Capital, HACAX).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Maria%20Cantwell-C000127"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence of anomalous net-worth growth beyond salary/market. Estimates indicate her wealth has declined since 2018 (from ~$5.7M in 2018 to a $0.88M–$4.9M range in 2023 disclosures), inconsistent with self-enrichment in office.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated ~$5.76M net worth in 2018; her 2023 disclosure shows a $884,007–$4,910,000 range, a decrease.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/maria-cantwell/summary?cid=N00007836"},{"claim":"Her wealth largely traces to pre-Senate RealNetworks compensation, not in-office gains.","sourceUrl":"https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/cantwell-becomes-a-money-machine/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Cantwell chairs Senate Commerce and, per OpenSecrets, has received more from the airline and telecom industries than any other senator — sectors her committee oversees. Tech firms (Microsoft, Amazon, T-Mobile) are among top donors. No evidence of quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cantwell received more campaign donations than any other senator from the airline and telecom industries, both under her Commerce Committee jurisdiction.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/maria-cantwell/contributors?cid=N00007836"},{"claim":"Top donors include employees of T-Mobile, Microsoft, Amazon, and major airlines (United, Delta).","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Cantwell"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No specific public reporting found tying family lobbying or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline to her office. (A pre-Senate personal loan to a lobbyist ex-associate is unrelated to revolving-door enrichment.) Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Reporting on Cantwell references a pre-Senate personal loan to lobbyist Ron Dotzauer, not a revolving-door arrangement tied to her office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Cantwell"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public data found indicating notably high missed-vote rates paired with heavy paid speeches/fundraising. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001075","name":"Bill Cassidy","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"LA","score":21,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Bill Cassidy (R-LA), a physician who chairs the Senate HELP Committee, presents a largely clean self-dealing profile. He carries a negative reported net worth driven by large liabilities (estimated -$361K to -$1.7M range), undercutting any enrichment narrative, and his disclosed assets are mainly mutual funds and retirement accounts. Although he publicly champions a congressional stock-trading ban and his campaign says he doesn't trade, STOCK Act filings show modest historical individual-stock transactions (2016-2020, e.g. Toyota, Cummins, P&G, Disney, Phillips 66), now reportedly ~$0 in trackable individual equities. His most notable accountability flags are heavy pharmaceutical/health-insurer campaign money aligned with his committee jurisdiction (correlation, not proof) and a 2020 report of campaign funds spent on private-club memberships; his vote attendance (4.0% missed) is modestly below the Senate median but not extreme.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Publicly advocates a congressional stock-trade ban and campaign says he doesn't trade; however STOCK Act filings show modest historical individual-stock trades (2016-2020: Toyota, Cummins, P&G, Disney, Phillips 66). Now reportedly ~$0 in trackable individual equities; holdings are mainly mutual funds/retirement accounts. Low volume, no documented committee-timing abuse.","evidence":[{"claim":"STOCK Act filings show up to ~$3.5M of parsed trades incl. Toyota/Cummins sales (2016) and P&G/Disney/Phillips 66 buys (2018-2020); now ~$0 in trackable individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Bill+Cassidy+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Cassidy co-introduced a bill to ban congressional stock trading; campaign states he does not trade stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cassidy.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/cassidy-ricketts-introduce-bill-to-ban-congressional-stock-trading-restore-trust-in-congress/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Reported net worth is negative (estimated -$361K to -$1.7M for 2023; -$1.06M median end-2024), driven by liabilities exceeding assets. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market over tenure; if anything, reported wealth declined. No enrichment signal.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 disclosure implies net worth between -$1.73M and -$361K; 2024 median net worth approx -$1.06M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/bill-cassidy/net-worth?cid=N00030245&year=2018"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As top Republican / chair of the Senate health (HELP) committee, Cassidy is among the largest GOP recipients of pharma/health-products money: ~$290,375 in 2023-2024, including personal checks from CEOs of Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Bristol Myers Squibb, Biogen, plus insurer PACs (Cigna, CVS, Humana). Clear industry-jurisdiction concentration; specific quid-pro-quo not established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cassidy received ~$290,375 from pharma/health-products in 2023-24, with contributions from Pfizer, Lilly, BMS, Biogen CEOs and insurers Cigna/CVS/Humana, while chairing the health committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.statnews.com/2023/04/27/pharma-cassidy-campaign/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets industry breakdown shows health-sector among top donor industries.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/bill-cassidy/industries?cid=N00030245&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"2020 reporting found Cassidy's campaign spent $5,500 on Penn Club (NY private club) dues and $650 at the Petroleum Club of Morgan City. A campaign-finance expert said social-club dues would be impermissible personal use; campaign denied wrongdoing, claiming the venues were used for campaign events. No FEC enforcement action documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Campaign spent $5,500 on Penn Club membership dues; expert called such social-club dues personal use, campaign denied wrongdoing.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2020/07/02/sen-bill-cassidys-campaign-has-spent-5500-on-membership-dues-at-private-club-in-new-york/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No verified public record found of family lobbying tied to his office or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. (Note: 'Cassidy & Associates' is an unrelated lobbying firm, not the senator's family.) Detailed staff-departure data sits behind LegiStorm/OpenSecrets paywalls; no specific findings to score.","evidence":[{"claim":"No documented family-lobbying or staff-revolving-door findings located in public reporting; 'Cassidy & Assoc' lobbying firm is unrelated to the senator.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/firms/summary?id=D000000208"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Missed 173 of 4,289 roll-call votes (4.0%) over his career, modestly worse than the ~2.8% median for currently serving senators. Active fundraiser given competitive 2026 primary, but no evidence of extreme absenteeism or paid-speech conflicts. Mild flag only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cassidy missed 4.0% of roll-call votes (173/4,289), worse than the 2.8% median of currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/bill_cassidy/412269"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000546","name":"Sam Graves","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"MO","score":21,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Sam Graves (R-MO6), a sixth-generation farmer and Chairman of the House Transportation & Infrastructure Committee, has served since 2001 and announced his retirement at the end of the current session. He does not appear to trade individual stocks; his assets are concentrated in family farmland and renewable-fuels partnerships, which are pre-office/business holdings not scoreable as enrichment. His most notable accountability event is a 2009 House Ethics inquiry into an appearance of conflict of interest when he invited a business partner of his wife to testify before the Small Business Committee; the Office of Congressional Ethics found \"substantial reason to believe\" an appearance of conflict was created, but the Ethics Committee found no rule violation. As T&I chair he draws heavy transportation-sector donations (aviation, airlines, trucking, rail), a strong correlation-not-proof signal between committee jurisdiction and donor base; his lifetime missed-vote rate of 4.5% is modestly above the chamber median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence of individual-stock trading. Trackers report approximately $0 in publicly traded assets and no STOCK Act transaction filings; his holdings are farmland and private renewable-fuel partnerships, not tradable equities.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver reports Graves has approximately $0 invested in publicly traded assets it can track, with no listed trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/"},{"claim":"MarketBeat congressional trade profile shows no individual stock trade records for Graves.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/sam-graves/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$1.6M (280th in Congress), tied largely to family farm and pre-office renewable-fuel investments. No sourced evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market attributable to office; pre-office business/farm wealth is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Graves' net worth at about $1.6M, the 280th-highest in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As Transportation & Infrastructure Chairman, Graves' top donors concentrate in the sectors his committee regulates: ~$356K from air transport and ~$46.7K from Delta in 2023-24, plus top-recipient status across airlines, railroads, trucking and sea transport. Donor concentration aligns with committee jurisdiction, but no specific quid-pro-quo is shown.","evidence":[{"claim":"Graves received ~$355,999 from Air Transport and $46,700 from Delta Air Lines in 2023-24 and ranks among top recipients across airlines, railroads, trucking and sea transport.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/sam-graves/industries?cid=N00013323&cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Graves chairs the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, whose jurisdiction covers his largest donor industries.","sourceUrl":"https://transportation.house.gov/about/ranking-member-sam-graves/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced reporting of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent for personal benefit. His committees (Sam Graves for Congress, Victory Fund) file with the FEC; no personal-use findings located.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee record for Sam Graves Victory Fund; no personal-use violations identified in available filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00588822/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"2009 Ethics inquiry found an appearance of conflict when Graves invited Brooks Hurst — a renewable-fuels business partner of his wife Lesli — to testify before the Small Business Committee without disclosing the tie; OCE found 'substantial reason to believe' an appearance was created, but the Ethics Committee found no rule violation. Long-tenured aides have cycled through his personal/committee offices, but no specific family-lobbying contract tied to office is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"OCE found substantial reason to believe an appearance of conflict was created when Graves invited his wife's business partner to testify; the Ethics Committee found no violation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CRPT-111hrpt320/html/CRPT-111hrpt320.htm"},{"claim":"Roll Call: Ethics panel investigated Graves over the witness invitation involving a partner in a biodiesel plant in which his wife held an interest.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2009/09/16/ethics-panel-investigates-waters-graves-and-jackson/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 4.5% (724 of 15,970 roll calls, 2001-2026), above the ~2.1% median for sitting members but not extreme. No evidence of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absences; modest score reflects above-median absenteeism only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Graves missed 724 of 15,970 roll-call votes (4.5%) from 2001 to March 2026, worse than the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/sam_graves/400158"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"J000289","name":"Jim Jordan","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"OH","score":21,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Jim Jordan (R-OH-4), chair of the House Judiciary Committee, has a financial-disclosure record that shows little active securities trading: the only STOCK Act transaction prominently reported is his wife's October sale of up to $100,000 in Central Bancshares stock, which she had inherited from her late mother, disclosed roughly one month late in violation of the STOCK Act's deadline (per NOTUS). Public net-worth estimates derived from his disclosures are modest (commonly cited around $200K-$365K), with no documented growth pattern beyond salary and ordinary returns. His campaign finance record drew FEC scrutiny for nearly $3 million in reporting discrepancies (attributed by his campaign to a former treasurer's double-reporting errors), and in 2025-2026 watchdog groups (Campaign Legal Center, POGO) alleged that a $250,000 contribution from private-prison contractor GEO Group reached a Jordan-aligned PAC shortly after immigration-detention funding he supported passed; these are disclosure and correlation allegations, not proof of quid pro quo. His missed-vote rate (about 2.1% over his career) matches the median for sitting representatives, indicating no pattern of absenteeism tied to fundraising. No reporting was found documenting personal-benefit spending of campaign funds or family lobbying tied to his office.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Household does not appear to actively trade individual stocks. The only reported transaction is the spouse's sale of up to $100K in Central Bancshares, an inherited holding, disclosed ~1 month late (a STOCK Act deadline violation). No pattern of multiple/large trades or trading in committee-overseen sectors found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Jordan's wife sold up to $100,000 of Central Bancshares stock (a community bank holding company) that she had inherited from her deceased mother; the sale was disclosed about a month late, which his office confirmed violated the STOCK Act deadline.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/congress/julia-letlow-stock-act-disclosures"},{"claim":"Aggregated STOCK Act filing data shows up to ~$100K of trades associated with Rep. Jim Jordan, consistent with a household that does not regularly trade individual securities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jim%20Jordan-J000289"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Public estimates from his disclosures put net worth at a modest level (commonly cited ~$200K-$365K). No documented growth beyond congressional salary and ordinary returns; key assets are a state pension and bank savings.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimates from his official disclosures place Jordan's net worth in a modest range (around $151K-$365K; ~$282.5K per Quiver as of Jan 2026), with assets including an Ohio PERS pension and bank savings; income sources are salary, teaching/speaking, and book royalties.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/jim-jordan-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimates Jordan's net worth at approximately $282.5K as of January 31, 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jim%20Jordan-J000289/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Watchdogs allege a $250K GEO Group (private-prison/ICE detention contractor) contribution reached a Jordan-aligned PAC ~11 days after immigration-detention funding he supported (H.R.1) was signed. Jordan chairs Judiciary, which oversees immigration enforcement. No quid pro quo is asserted or established.","evidence":[{"claim":"A Jordan-aligned hybrid PAC (American Liberty Foundation) reported a $250,000 contribution allegedly from GEO Group on July 15, 2025, eleven days after Trump signed H.R.1, which included major immigration-detention funding that Jordan voted for; Campaign Legal Center filed an FEC complaint alleging misreporting and a possible unlawful federal-contractor contribution. Jordan chairs the House Judiciary Committee, which oversees immigration enforcement.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/watchdog-alleges-misreported-geo-payment-jim-jordan-pac-1804032"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Jordan's contributions by industry and from lobbyists; donor/industry concentration data is maintained on his member profile.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/jim-jordan/industries?cid=N00027894"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No reporting found documenting campaign/PAC funds spent on personal-benefit categories. However, the campaign drew FEC scrutiny for nearly $3 million in reporting discrepancies (attributed to a former treasurer's double-reported expenses), which raises bookkeeping-accuracy concerns but is not personal-use spending.","evidence":[{"claim":"Jordan's campaign received ten FEC notices flagging nearly $3 million in discrepancies, including 10 over $100,000 and three over $500,000; the campaign blamed a former treasurer who inadvertently double-reported fundraising expenses.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsweek.com/jim-jordan-probed-fec-over-2m-discrepancies-blames-soaring-donations-under-trump-1573647"},{"claim":"Reporting characterized the matter as nearly $3 million in unreported/misreported campaign funds under FEC scrutiny.","sourceUrl":"https://www.thedailybeast.com/jim-jordan-under-scrutiny-for-nearly-dollar3-million-in-unreported-campaign-funds/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced reporting found documenting family members lobbying or contracting tied to Jordan's office, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Tracking databases exist but no specific findings were surfaced.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets and LegiStorm maintain revolving-door and lobbyist-contribution tracking for Jordan, but no specific family-lobbying or staff-pipeline findings were identified in available results.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2024&id=N00027894"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed-vote rate (~2.1% over 2007-2026) is on par with the median for current representatives, indicating no pattern of absenteeism. No evidence links absences to fundraising or paid-speech activity.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2007 to June 2026, Jordan missed 261 of 12,653 roll-call votes (2.1%), on par with the 2.1% median among lifetime records of representatives currently serving.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jim_jordan/412226"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"T000250","name":"John Thune","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"SD","score":21,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"John Thune (R-SD), the Senate Majority Leader, presents a low-activity personal financial profile in the public record. Trackers of STOCK Act filings show only two disclosed individual-stock transactions in his household — a buy and a sell of Independence Realty Trust (IRT) in 2021-2022 — placing him among the least active congressional traders, with most remaining assets in mutual funds and real estate; estimated net worth figures are modest (roughly $230K-$1M ranges; OpenSecrets historically estimated low six figures). On money-and-influence, the clearest pattern (correlation, not proof) is that POET LLC, the world's largest biofuel producer, was the top donor to his 2024 joint fundraising committee at $538,100, and Thune is a long-standing, vocal champion of the Renewable Fuel Standard and ethanol policy; this reflects alignment between a home-state industry's giving and his legislative priorities, not evidence of any quid pro quo. Thune entered the Senate after a stint as a paid lobbyist for the Dakota, Minnesota & Eastern Railroad (2003-2004), and OpenSecrets/LegiStorm track a substantial staff-to-lobbyist pipeline from his office, though no family-member lobbying tied to his office was found in available sources. His voting attendance is excellent (about 0.8% missed votes over his career, well below the Senate median), undercutting any job-versus-fundraising concern. No FEC enforcement actions or watchdog findings of campaign-fund personal use were located in public reporting.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Only two disclosed individual-stock transactions ever (buy and sell of REIT Independence Realty Trust, IRT, in 2021-2022), total volume roughly $30K-$100K; among the least active congressional traders. Remaining holdings are mutual funds and real estate, not actively traded individual securities. No suspicious-timing or insider-trading allegations found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Thune disclosed 2 stock trades totaling about $0.1M, both in Independence Realty Trust (IRT), making him among the least active congressional traders.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/politicians/T000250"},{"claim":"Trade detail: IRT buy on 2021-12-16 ($15K-$50K) and IRT sell on 2022-05-05 ($15K-$50K); individual stock only, even buy-to-sell ratio.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congressstock.com/politicians/john-r-thune"},{"claim":"Disclosures also include mutual funds such as up to $100,000 in TRAIX (T. Rowe Price Capital Appreciation Fund), plus real estate and bank deposits; no insider-trading accusations.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/john-thune-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth is modest and ranges widely by source (OpenSecrets historically ~$310K for 2018; latest disclosure-range estimates ~$229K-$1.0M). No reliable public data shows net-worth growth beyond salary and market returns over tenure; wealth predating office is not scored. Wide reporting ranges limit confidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Thune's net worth at about $310,512 (2018 figure cited).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/john-thune/net-worth?cid=N00004572"},{"claim":"Latest disclosure implies net worth between roughly $229,028 and $1,009,999; values are reported only in broad ranges.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/john-thune-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: POET LLC, the world's largest biofuel producer, was the single largest donor to his 2024 joint fundraising committee ($538,100), and Thune is a long-standing, leading advocate for the Renewable Fuel Standard, E15/E85 expansion, and pro-ethanol legislation (e.g., the GREET Act, supported by POET). This reflects alignment between a home-state industry's giving and his legislative agenda; no quid pro quo is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"POET LLC was the top donor to the 2024 Thune Republican Senate Victory committee with $538,100.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/2024-thune-republican-senate-victory/C00837435/2024/donors"},{"claim":"Thune is described as a strong champion of biofuels; his selection as Majority Leader was seen as a boon for the ethanol industry.","sourceUrl":"https://www.dtnpf.com/agriculture/web/ag/news/article/2024/11/13/thune-selection-senate-majority-seen"},{"claim":"Thune co-sponsored the GREET Act to update EPA biofuel modeling under the RFS; the bill is supported by POET, the world's largest biofuel producer.","sourceUrl":"https://www.thune.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2023/10/thune-klobuchar-bill-would-recognize-environmental-benefit-of-biofuels-promote-efficient-farming"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting, FEC enforcement action, or watchdog finding of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds was located. The only campaign-fund news found was that Thune's committee was a victim of external theft (not misuse by the campaign), which is not self-dealing. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Thune was among political figures whose campaign accounts lost funds to outside theft, which was reported and remains under investigation; this is victimization, not personal-use misuse.","sourceUrl":"https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2025/04/22/thieves-steal-campaign-funds-from-political-committees-and-politicians-including-thune/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Thune himself was a paid lobbyist (Dakota, Minnesota & Eastern Railroad, $220,000 in 2003-2004) before entering the Senate, then advanced that railroad's interests in office — a documented lobbyist-to-lawmaker transition. OpenSecrets/LegiStorm track a sizable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline from his office (LegiStorm: 24 people through the revolving door). No family-member lobbying tied to his office was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Thune earned $220,000 lobbying for the Dakota, Minnesota & Eastern Railroad in 2003-2004, then as senator worked to advance the railroad's project.","sourceUrl":"https://outsidethebeltway.com/john_thune_lobbyist_turned_senator/"},{"claim":"LegiStorm tracks 24 people through the revolving door connected to Thune's office, indicating a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline (e.g., former digital adviser Ryan Sheldon).","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/388174/Ryan_Scott_Sheldon.html"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains a revolving-door profile cataloging Thune-connected staff movements between government and lobbying.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving-door/john-thune/summary?id=70171"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Thune has an excellent attendance record — about 0.8% of roll-call votes missed over his career (58 of 7,430 through June 2026), well below the Senate median of roughly 2.8%. There is no evidence of heavy missed votes coinciding with fundraising or paid speeches, so this self-dealing concern is minimal.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 1997 to June 2026, Thune missed 58 of 7,430 roll call votes (0.8%), better than the median of 2.8% among currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_thune/400546"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001096","name":"Kevin Cramer","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"ND","score":21,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Kevin Cramer (R-ND) shows little to no individual-stock activity: his disclosed portfolio is diversified mutual funds and lifecycle funds (e.g., Nuveen Lifecycle, American Funds), with Quiver estimating roughly $0 in live-trackable publicly traded securities and a modest reported net worth (estimated ~$900K), so STOCK Act and net-worth-enrichment concerns are minimal. His most documented self-dealing exposure is on the campaign-finance side: a 2018 FEC complaint alleged improper per-diem/travel reimbursements, and FEC filings reportedly show ~$140K paid to family members (including his wife/campaign manager) and ~$200K in self-reimbursements since 2013. His top career donors are heavily concentrated in oil and gas (Continental Resources' Harold Hamm and others on his finance team), correlating with consistently pro-drilling, pro-fracking votes and an EPW seat, though this reflects North Dakota's economy rather than proven quid pro quo. He has missed 7.7% of lifetime votes, above the Senate median, but with no documented paid-speech or fundraising-driven pattern.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Disclosures show diversified mutual funds and lifecycle/target-date funds (Nuveen Lifecycle, American Funds, CREF Index); Quiver estimates ~$0 in live-trackable publicly traded securities. No STOCK Act periodic transaction reports of single-name equities, so no committee-overlap or timing concerns apply.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cramer's holdings are mutual funds/ETFs (Nuveen Lifecycle 2025, American Funds, CREF Equity Index); ~$0 in live-trackable publicly traded assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Kevin+Cramer+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Quiver congressional trading profile shows no individual-stock trade entries for Cramer.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Kevin%20Cramer-C001096"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Reported net worth is modest and shows no dramatic growth beyond salary/market. OpenSecrets put 2018 net worth near $500K; 2023 disclosure range spans roughly -$43K to $931K; Quiver estimates ~$896K in 2025. Wide reporting ranges and fund-based holdings make precise tracking hard, but no evidence of abnormal enrichment over his tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"2018 net worth ~$499,507; 2023 disclosure range about -$42,988 to $930,999; Quiver 2025 estimate ~$896K.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/kevin-cramer-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver live net-worth estimate ~$896K, 340th in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Kevin%20Cramer-C001096/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Oil & gas is a dominant career donor source (>$573K since 1989; ~$206K in 2015-16), with Continental Resources' Harold Hamm and other energy executives on his finance team. This aligns with consistent pro-drilling/pro-fracking votes and an Environment & Public Works seat, but concentration reflects North Dakota's energy economy and no quid pro quo is established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cramer received >$573,600 from oil & gas since 1989; Continental Resources CEO Harold Hamm and other energy executives sit on his finance team; he backs more drilling and a fracking-expansion law.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer"},{"claim":"Energy Transfer Partners (Dakota Access pipeline) among top company donors; energy industry funding profile.","sourceUrl":"https://www.desmog.com/kevin-cramer/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":50,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"A 2018 FEC complaint alleged improper personal use: ~$253 in non-compliant per-diem meal reimbursements and self/spouse travel-mileage reimbursements. Broader filings reportedly show ~$140K paid to family members (wife served as campaign manager) and ~$200K in self-reimbursements since 2013. Cramer denied wrongdoing; allegations are from a partisan complaint and not an adjudicated finding.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC complaint alleged improper per-diem stipend and travel reimbursements; $253 per-diem meal reimbursement cited as non-compliant.","sourceUrl":"https://hpr1.com/index.php/feature/news/fec-complaint-filed-against-cramer"},{"claim":"FEC filings reportedly show >$140K paid to family members and ~$200K in self-reimbursements since 2013.","sourceUrl":"https://www.kfyrtv.com/content/news/Rep-Kevin-Cramers-campaign-fund-use-comes-into-question-468511683.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No evidence of family members lobbying or holding contracts tied to his office, or of a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. His wife Kris worked as his paid campaign manager (a campaign-spending issue, scored under personal-use), not as a lobbyist. Limited public reporting; low score reflects absence of findings rather than confirmed clean status across all staff.","evidence":[{"claim":"Searches found no record of Cramer family members registered as lobbyists or holding office-tied contracts; wife Kris worked as campaign manager.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Cramer missed 246 of 3,188 roll-call votes (7.7%) from 2013 to June 2026, notably above the ~2.8% median of currently serving senators. GovTrack does not attribute reasons, and no documented pattern of paid speeches or fundraising driving the absences was found, so the elevated miss rate alone is a moderate, not severe, signal.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 246 of 3,188 votes (7.7%) Jan 2013-Jun 2026, vs ~2.8% median for sitting senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/kevin_cramer/412555"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001305","name":"Ted Budd","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"NC","score":21,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Ted Budd (R-NC) shows no individual-stock trading under the STOCK Act; his wealth (~$6.2M) is concentrated in pre-office private business and real estate assets, so neither stock-trading nor net-worth-enrichment metrics register concerns on the available record. His most notable accountability signal is donor-money correlation: banking and financial/credit-services industries are among his largest career donors and his votes on the House Financial Services Committee aligned with those industries' positions, though this is correlation, not proven quid pro quo. A secondary signal is his House attendance, where he missed roughly 13% of votes in 2021-2022 while running for Senate and fundraising heavily, although his Senate attendance is now average. No documented campaign personal-use, office-tied family lobbying, or staff revolving-door activity was found; a family-business fraud allegation predates his office and falls outside these metrics.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trades disclosed under the STOCK Act. Public trackers show zero trade activity; his reported wealth sits in private LLCs (ProShots gun range), real estate, and a farm, not tradable securities. No committee-sector overlap or timing concerns to score.","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat congressional tracker shows 'No trade activity' for Sen. Budd; zero recorded individual stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/ted-budd/"},{"claim":"Disclosed holdings are private entities and real estate (PS1 Rural Hall LLC/ProShots, Budd Farm, beach property), not individual public equities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Ted%20Budd-B001305/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$6.2M (2025), with most assets being pre-office business and real estate holdings (gun store valued $1M-$5M, farm, warehouse, beach property). No public analysis isolates growth beyond salary and market returns during his tenure; range-based disclosures preclude a reliable excess-growth calculation. Pre-office wealth is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Budd worth ~$6.2M (Sept 2025); core assets predate office (ProShots gun store $1M-$5M, farm, real estate).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Ted%20Budd-B001305/net-worth"},{"claim":"2022/2023 disclosures show pre-existing business and real estate assets reported only in broad value ranges.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/ted-budd-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Banking and financial/credit services rank among Budd's top career donor industries (commercial banks $344K+, financial/credit services $157K+). As a House Financial Services Committee member he repeatedly voted in line with bank/card-industry positions (e.g., debit interchange fees), and industry groups ran ads praising him. Concentration plus aligned votes are documented, but no quid-pro-quo is shown.","evidence":[{"claim":"Budd received $344K+ from commercial banks and $157K+ from financial/credit services (top-10 career industries) and cast votes aligning with bank/card-industry positions while on House Financial Services Committee.","sourceUrl":"https://americanindependent.com/north-carolina-republican-senate-nominee-ted-budd-banking-financial-services-campaign-donations-votes/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets career industry breakdown documents donor concentration by sector.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/ted-budd/industries?cid=N00039551&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting found alleging personal-benefit spending from Budd's campaign committee or his Ted Budd Majority Committee 2028 leadership PAC. FEC filings show standard committee disbursements; absence of findings is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ted Budd Majority Committee 2028 leadership PAC (C00869719) is registered and active; no personal-use allegations identified in its filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/C00869719/summary/2024"},{"claim":"Authorized committees' disbursements are reported through standard FEC filings with no flagged personal-use spending.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00614776/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented office-tied family lobbying, government contracts, or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline associated with Budd's Senate or House office. A separate family-business bankruptcy/fraud allegation (AgriBioTech, 2000) predates his time in office and involves his father, so it is outside this office-tied metric.","evidence":[{"claim":"Pre-office (2000) AgriBioTech bankruptcy/fraud allegations involve Budd's father and predate his congressional tenure; not tied to his office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Budd"},{"claim":"Staff and lobbying records (LegiStorm/OpenSecrets) show no notable family or staff revolving-door activity tied to his office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/259547/Theodore_Paul_Budd/hashkey/7889d28b.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"As a House member during his 2021-2022 Senate campaign, Budd missed ~119 votes (13% of votes), one of the worst attendance records in the House, concentrated during heavy campaign fundraising. Since joining the Senate his record is on the median (42 of 1,510, 2.8%). The spike was campaign-driven and is now historical, moderating the score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Budd missed 119 votes (~13%) in 2021-2022, among the worst in the House, mostly during his Senate campaign.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ncdp.org/media/cnn-budd-is-frequently-absent-from-his-day-job-a-member-of-the-us-house/"},{"claim":"Senate record: missed 42 of 1,510 roll-call votes (2.8%), on par with the senatorial median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ted_budd/412712"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001079","name":"Cindy Hyde-Smith","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"MS","score":21,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-MS), a cattle farmer and former state agriculture commissioner, has a generally clean self-dealing profile across most metrics. Public trade trackers and disclosures show essentially no active individual-stock trading (her only named individual holding is legacy CenturyLink/Lumen stock), and her wealth is dominated by pre-office farm and livestock assets with no documented growth beyond market and salary. Her clearest accountability flag is campaign spending: a 2026 GOP primary opponent and FEC records highlight repeated Las Vegas hotel disbursements (including $9,104.93 at MGM Grand) characterized as luxury travel, though her campaign defends them as legitimate joint fundraisers and no FEC complaint or ethics finding has been adjudicated. Agribusiness donor concentration aligns with her Agriculture Committee seat (correlation, not proof), and her vote-attendance record (2.9% missed) is on par with the Senate median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence of active individual-stock trading. Congressional trade trackers (Quiver, MarketBeat) show no populated PTR records. Her only disclosed individual equity is legacy CenturyLink/Lumen stock held (not actively traded); remaining assets are annuities, IRAs, and mutual funds. No volume, no committee-timed trades.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative congressional trade profile for Hyde-Smith shows no populated trade records (total trades/volume blank).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Cindy%20Hyde-Smith-H001079"},{"claim":"Her only individual stock is CenturyLink/Lumen; rest of wealth in annuities, IRAs and mutual funds plus her farm.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/cindy-hyde-smith-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated ~$4.18M net worth in 2018 (her first year), ranking 33rd in Senate; later disclosure ranges are wide ($144K-$1.65M reported value in 2023 filing). Wealth is dominated by her pre-office cattle farm and Lincoln County Livestock stockyard. No documented post-2018 growth beyond market/salary; pre-office wealth is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Hyde-Smith's net worth at $4,175,541 in 2018, ranking 33rd in the Senate; largest asset is her farm.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/cindy-hyde-smith-net-worth/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finances net worth page for Hyde-Smith.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/cindy-hyde-smith/net-worth?cid=N00043298"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Hyde-Smith sits on the Senate Agriculture Committee and is a self-described leading voice for agribusiness; agribusiness/crop-production interests are among her notable donor industries, and she secured agricultural relief funding (American Relief Act, 2025). Donor-sector and legislative alignment is real but no quid-pro-quo evidence; AIPAC and NRSC also among top recent contributors.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hyde-Smith serves on Senate Agriculture Committee and worked to secure emergency agricultural assistance in the American Relief Act, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.hydesmith.senate.gov/agriculture"},{"claim":"NRSC and AIPAC among largest contributors to Hyde-Smith in recent filing.","sourceUrl":"https://magnoliatribune.com/2025/10/21/nrsc-aipac-among-largest-contributors-to-hyde-smith-in-recent-campaign-finance-filing/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"FEC records show repeated Las Vegas hotel disbursements, including $9,104.93 at MGM Grand (Dec 22, 2023, coded 'travel') and ~a dozen Vegas trips (Venetian, MGM Grand) flagged by GOP primary challenger Sarah Adlakha as luxury/personal travel with family. Campaign says these are an annual joint-Senator fundraiser tied to the rodeo. Allegation-stage only; no FEC complaint ruling or ethics finding documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC disbursement Dec 22, 2023 shows $9,104.93 at MGM Grand Las Vegas coded 'travel'; opponent lists ~dozen Vegas trips (Venetian, MGM); campaign calls it an annual joint fundraiser.","sourceUrl":"https://mississippitoday.org/2026/02/26/cindy-hyde-smith-campaign-finance/"},{"claim":"Challenger launched site cataloging alleged luxury campaign-funded trips; federal rules bar personal use of campaign funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsfromthestates.com/article/republican-challenger-blasts-cindy-hyde-smith-over-campaign-spending"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Husband Michael Smith co-owns Lincoln County Livestock (local stockyard) and the family cattle farm — pre-existing businesses, no documented lobbying or federal contracts tied to her office. Hyde-Smith herself worked as a lobbyist before her political career (pre-Senate, not in-office self-dealing). No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hyde-Smith and husband Mike are partners in Lincoln County Livestock stockyard and raise beef cattle; she was previously a lobbyist before office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cindy_Hyde-Smith"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 98 of 3,399 roll-call votes (2.9%) from April 2018 to June 2026, on par with the 2.8% median of currently serving senators. No evidence of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism; Las Vegas fundraising travel is captured under campaign personal-use rather than job neglect.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hyde-Smith missed 98 of 3,399 roll call votes (2.9%) Apr 2018-Jun 2026, near the 2.8% senator median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/cindy_hyde_smith/412743"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000398","name":"Thomas H. Kean, Jr.","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"NJ","score":21,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Tom Kean Jr. is a second-term Republican from New Jersey's 7th District, a former New Jersey state senator and son of former Gov. Tom Kean, serving on Energy and Commerce and Foreign Affairs. His filings show steady, modest trading in family partnership and bank-managed accounts, including health-sector stocks, with two late filings, one self-reported. His wife holds and is paid by Greener by Design, an energy consultancy whose client benefited from an offshore-wind law he sponsored in Trenton. He missed about 22% of House votes in this Congress, almost all during a March-June 2026 absence for depression treatment. No campaign-finance or ethics complaints were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse shows 161 transactions filed Jan 2024-Sept 2026, worth roughly $0.83M-$4.0M by disclosed ranges, mostly in the Kean Family Partnership and a State Street account, with small monthly trades. Only 2 were late: a 2023 Regal Bancorp merger disposal he self-reported and a Fortive trade 4 days late. About 32 trades were in health and medical-device stocks (Stryker, J&J, Abbott, Becton Dickinson, Illumina) while he sits on Energy and Commerce's Health subcommittee. He says the assets are managed independently and he does not direct trades; New Jersey Globe noted filings do not show he ordered the trades made during his 2026 hospitalization.","evidence":[{"claim":"Sept 12, 2026 PTR lists partial sales in Kean Family Partnership and State Street Bank & Trust accounts, including Johnson & Johnson.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20035431.pdf"},{"claim":"Aug 13, 2024 PTR reports a Sept 2023 Regal Bancorp disposal, filed late.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2024/20025671.pdf"},{"claim":"New Jersey Globe: Kean self-reported a minor disclosure issue involving a $5,474 bank asset disposed of in the Somerset Savings/Regal Bancorp merger.","sourceUrl":"https://newjerseyglobe.com/congress/congressman-self-reports-financial-disclosure-issue/"},{"claim":"New Jersey Globe (Aug 10, 2026): DCCC research put family J&J holdings at $215,003-$550,000; Kean says his assets are managed independently; disclosures do not show he ordered trades made while hospitalized.","sourceUrl":"https://newjerseyglobe.com/congress/dccc-nrcc-offer-dueling-big-pharma-attacks-in-nj-7/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Family wealth predates office (son of former Gov. Tom Kean). Summing disclosed asset ranges gives roughly $11.0M-$31.0M on his 2022 candidate report and $8.4M-$22.0M on his 2025 report (Greederboard calculation), so no growth while serving is evident. The American Prospect reported that his stake in consultancy Greener by Design rose in assessed value from $50K-$100K to $500K-$1M as a client won approval under an offshore-wind program he sponsored as a state senator; he transferred it to his wife after the 2022 election.","evidence":[{"claim":"2022 candidate disclosure used as baseline for asset ranges.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2022/10046941.pdf"},{"claim":"2025 annual disclosure lists Kean Family Partnership holdings and spouse wages from Greener by Design, LLC.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075136.pdf"},{"claim":"American Prospect (Nov 1, 2024): Greener by Design's assessed value rose to $500,001-$1M the year client Atlantic Shores was selected under the program he sponsored; ownership was transferred to his wife; his campaign said he 'fully disclosed his passive stake.'","sourceUrl":"https://prospect.org/?p=117129"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. PACs and other committees supplied $1.39M of his $6.02M 2023-24 receipts (23%) and $1.19M of $4.89M in 2025-26; corporate PACs (SpaceX, GM, Coinbase, Comcast, utilities, insurers) kept giving during his 2026 absence. He sits on Energy and Commerce (Health, Communications and Technology) and has opposed Medicare drug-price negotiation, citing New Jersey pharma jobs. No sourced industry breakdown or documented donor-to-action alignment was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC 2025-26: receipts $4,892,806.59, cash on hand $3,634,205.35; leadership PACs Garden State Leadership Fund and TKJ PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H0NJ07261/?cycle=2026"},{"claim":"NOTUS (July 16, 2026): corporate PACs including SpaceX, GM, Coinbase, UPS and Comcast gave during his absence; he raised just under $300,000 from April 1 to June 30.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/money/corporate-pacs-tom-kean-jr-capitol-hill-absence"},{"claim":"New Jersey Globe: in 2020 Kean opposed H.R. 3, saying it would 'literally get rid of the biotech industry and the pharma industry in New Jersey.'","sourceUrl":"https://newjerseyglobe.com/congress/dccc-nrcc-offer-dueling-big-pharma-attacks-in-nj-7/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint or finding on personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds was found. Absence of evidence is not scored.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No lobbying by family members was found. His wife holds, and draws wages from, Greener by Design, an energy consultancy whose offshore-wind client benefited from a New Jersey program he sponsored as a state legislator; the tie is to his former state office, not federal action.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual disclosure lists spouse wages from Greener by Design, LLC.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075136.pdf"},{"claim":"American Prospect: Kean sponsored the Offshore Wind Economic Development Act; GBD client Atlantic Shores was among the first projects approved; ownership moved to his wife after the 2022 election.","sourceUrl":"https://prospect.org/?p=117129"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview records 146 missed of 674 roll calls in the 119th Congress (21.7%), far above the ~2% median. Nearly all of it is a medical absence: he last voted March 5, 2026 and returned June 30 after treatment for depression. His campaign kept raising money (just under $300K in Q2 2026) but he made no in-person campaign appearances; illness is scored as context, not as skipping work to fundraise.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview roll-call data, 119th Congress: 528 votes cast, 146 missed (21.7%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/data"},{"claim":"News Tribune/AP: Kean last voted March 5, missed more than 140 roll calls, and cited treatment for depression on his return.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newstribune.com/news/2026/jul/01/rep-tom-kean-returns-to-dc-after-months-away-140/"},{"claim":"NOTUS: campaign kept paying staff and raised just under $300,000 from April 1 to June 30 with no in-person appearances by Kean.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/money/corporate-pacs-tom-kean-jr-capitol-hill-absence"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001095","name":"Wesley Hunt","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"TX","score":21,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Wesley Hunt, a Houston Republican in the House since 2023, sits on Natural Resources and Judiciary. He reported no stock trades in 2024-2026 and his finances are modest. The Office of Congressional Ethics found substantial reason to believe he used campaign funds personally at a private club; the Ethics Committee closed the matter in December 2024, citing recordkeeping lapses but no intentional misuse. Campaign Legal Center has a separate pending FEC complaint against his leadership PAC. He missed nearly a quarter of House votes in the 119th Congress, much of it during an unsuccessful 2026 Senate primary run.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Greederboard's House Clerk data contain no periodic transaction reports for Hunt in 2024-2026, and his 2025 annual report lists no transactions. Holdings are small positions in Apple, Meta and a mutual fund, plus spouse retirement funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report (filed Aug 6, 2026): Apple ($15,001-$50,000) and Meta ($50,001-$100,000) stock; Schedule B transactions: none disclosed.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10078168.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"His 2025 annual report shows modest household finances: roughly $0.5M-$1.1M in assets (mostly his wife's retirement funds) against a $250,001-$500,000 mortgage, student loans and credit-card balances. Nothing suggests enrichment from office.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report: spouse Vanguard Target 2045 ($250,001-$500,000) and lifecycle fund ($100,001-$250,000); liabilities include a USAA mortgage ($250,001-$500,000) and student loans.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10078168.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Hunt sits on Natural Resources' Energy and Mineral Resources subcommittee. By Greederboard's keyword classification of FEC bulk data, oil, gas and energy PACs (Valero, Phillips 66, BP, Marathon, Occidental, Koch, Halliburton and others) supplied about 34% of his PAC money in 2024 and 43% of a smaller 2026 total. That overlap is real but typical for a Houston member, and no donor-to-action link is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee-to-candidate file (2025-26): ~$157K from 55 committees to H0TX07170; energy PACs ~43% by keyword classification, led by Valero ($10,000).","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2026/pas226.zip"},{"claim":"FEC committee-to-candidate file (2023-24): energy PACs ~34% (~$127K) of ~$369K by keyword classification.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2024/pas224.zip"},{"claim":"FEC candidate page: 2023-24 receipts $2,777,569; leadership PAC Hellfire PAC (C00807412).","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H0TX07170/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"The Office of Congressional Ethics referred Hunt to the Ethics Committee in March 2024, finding 'substantial reason to believe' he converted campaign funds to personal use. The matter covered over $74,000 spent at Houston's Post Oak Hotel, including dues for its private Oak Room club. The committee closed the matter on Dec 30, 2024 without action, finding compliance and recordkeeping lapses but 'no evidence that any member intentionally misused campaign funds.' Separately, Campaign Legal Center filed an FEC complaint in Aug 2025 alleging his leadership PAC misreported over $1.8M paid to WinRed; that complaint is an allegation and no resolution was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Office of Congressional Conduct page: OCE referral transmitted March 25, 2024, citing substantial reason to believe Hunt converted campaign funds to personal use; the Committee closed the matter Dec 30, 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://conduct.house.gov/reports/investigations/oce-referral-regarding-rep-wesley-hunt"},{"claim":"Texas Tribune: Hunt spent over $74,000 at the Post Oak Hotel from April 2022 to January 2024; the committee found incomplete compliance with campaign-finance and recordkeeping standards but 'no evidence that any member intentionally misused campaign funds.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.texastribune.org/2024/12/30/wesley-hunt-ronny-jackson-investigation"},{"claim":"Campaign Legal Center (Aug 5, 2025) alleged Hellfire PAC reported over $1.8M to WinRed as merchant fees versus at most ~$166,000 likely owed.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/document/clc-alleges-wesley-hunts-leadership-pac-misreported-disbursements-winred"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying, office-linked contracts or staff pipeline was found. His wife's disclosed income is from Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor University. Not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report lists spouse salary from Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor University.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10078168.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview shows Hunt missed 159 of 674 roll calls in the 119th Congress (23.6%), about 12 times the House median. The peak came during his Senate primary run (43 of 47 votes missed in January 2026). He had already missed 15-38% of votes each month from January to July 2025, before entering the race, and earlier cited his son's premature birth (2023) and campaigning with Trump (2024). He finished third in the March 3, 2026 primary. Running for another office is context and scores lower than skipping votes to fundraise.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th House roll-call data: Hunt cast 515 votes and missed 159 (23.6%), including 43 of 47 in January 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"},{"claim":"Texas Tribune (Jan 23, 2026): Hunt skipped 44 of 48 House votes that month; career missed rate about 20% versus a 2% median; he said 'Anytime you run for higher office, you miss votes.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.texastribune.org/2026/01/23/wesley-hunt-congress-missed-votes-senate-republican-primary/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000563","name":"Richard J. Durbin","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"IL","score":20,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Durbin, the Senate Democratic Whip, holds some individual stocks (e.g., Pfizer shares) alongside funds, and faced past scrutiny over 2008 trades made around bailout discussions, though no charges resulted. His donor base is concentrated in lawyers/law firms and the legal-lobbying sector. His net worth grew modestly from roughly $1.9M (2016) to about $3M (2025), consistent with conservative market appreciation. His floor-vote attendance is strong (1.7% missed lifetime).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Holds individual stock (123 Pfizer shares) plus funds. In 2008 Durbin was reported to have sold mutual fund shares shortly after speaking with the Treasury Secretary about bailout legislation; no charges or STOCK Act violation found. Low-volume individual-stock exposure with one historical timing allegation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Durbin's disclosures show individual holdings including 123 shares of Pfizer alongside funds.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/dick-durbin-net-worth-revealed/"},{"claim":"In 2008 Durbin reportedly began selling fund shares the day after discussing bailout legislation with the Treasury Secretary.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Durbin"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth rose from ~$1.94M (2016) to ~$3M (2025), a modest increase consistent with ordinary market appreciation over a senatorial salary period rather than abnormal enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Durbin's net worth at ~$1.94M in 2016, rising to about $3M by 2025 per disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/dick-durbin-net-worth-revealed/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Durbin's contributions are heavily concentrated in lawyers/law firms and the legal-lobbying sector, aligning with his senior Judiciary Committee role. No quid-pro-quo asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Durbin's top contributing industry is lawyers/law firms, the sector most aligned with his Judiciary Committee work.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/dick-durbin/industries?cid=N00004981"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit was located. Insufficient data; absence is not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family lobbying, contracts tied to his office, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline specific to Durbin was located. Insufficient data.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Durbin missed 167 of 10,022 roll-call votes (1.7%) over his career, better than the 2.8% Senate median. No evidence of duties neglected for fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Durbin missed 167 of 10,022 roll-call votes (1.7%), better than the 2.8% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/richard_durbin/300038"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000559","name":"John Garamendi","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":20,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"John Garamendi (D-CA8) is a senior House member whose disclosed wealth (~$5M, est.) is concentrated in real estate, ranch/cabin property, and bank accounts rather than securities; he holds essentially no live-tracked individual stocks. His only recorded STOCK Act equity activity is three sales filed January 21, 2022 (Meta, Block/XYZ, and Granite Construction) totaling roughly $48,500 — all dispositions. The Granite Construction (infrastructure-sector) sale is a notable correlation point given his seat on the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee and role in the 2021 infrastructure law, though it was a sale and no causation is established. No public records were found of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying tied to his office, or revolving-door staff issues; his missed-vote rate (5.0% lifetime) is above the House median but not accompanied by evidence of heavy paid outside activity.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Three individual-stock SALES filed 1/21/2022 (Meta $15-50K; Block/XYZ $1-15K; Granite Construction/GVA $1-15K), ~$48.5K total. All dispositions, low volume. GVA (infrastructure) overlaps his Transportation & Infrastructure Committee role and the Nov-2021 infrastructure law; GVA rose ~296% in the 90 days after his sale (i.e., he sold before a large run-up, not a market-beating buy). No current individual-stock holdings.","evidence":[{"claim":"Three sales filed 1/21/2022: Meta ($15-50K), Block/XYZ and Granite Construction/GVA ($1-15K each); GVA +296.4% over 90 days post-sale.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/john-garamendi/"},{"claim":"Garamendi is a senior member of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee and helped craft the 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.","sourceUrl":"https://garamendi.house.gov/media/press-releases/garamendi-votes-pass-bipartisan-infrastructure-investment-and-jobs-act"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$5M, concentrated in pre-existing real estate (ranch up to $5M, rental property, cabin) and bank accounts. No sourced evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market over tenure; ranch and family wealth predate office and are not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth estimated ~$5M, holdings dominated by ranch, rental property, cabin, and bank accounts; ~$0 in live-tracked publicly traded assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/John%20Garamendi-G000559/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Top industry donors are transportation unions (~$92.5K in 2023-24) and labor; PACs ~50% of funding. This aligns with his Transportation & Infrastructure Committee work and pro-infrastructure/pro-labor voting, a typical donor-vote alignment. No evidence of pay-to-play; donor base is union/labor rather than corporate sectors he regulates for personal gain.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top contributors in 2023-24 include Transportation Unions (~$92,500); PACs ~50.3% of funding.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/john-garamendi/summary?cid=N00030856&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent for personal benefit. FEC candidate filings exist but no reported misuse.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record for Garamendi; no reported personal-use findings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H0CA10149/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family members lobbying tied to his office, contracts steered to relatives, or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Searches returned only general biographical material.","evidence":[{"claim":"No family-lobbying or staff-revolving-door records found in public sources; only general bio info available.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Garamendi"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate 5.0% (496 of 9,889, Nov 2009-May 2026) vs ~2.1% House median; 2nd most absent in the CA delegation in 2024. GovTrack notes causes are untracked. No evidence of paid speeches or outside fundraising driving the absences.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 496 of 9,889 votes (5.0%) vs 2.1% median; among most absent in CA delegation in 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_garamendi/412382"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001047","name":"James A. Himes","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CT","score":20,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Jim Himes (D-CT-04), a former Goldman Sachs vice president in office since 2009, holds an estimated net worth of roughly $9 million, largely in broad index and mutual funds (e.g., Fidelity Total Market Index) rather than individual stocks; trackers show no reportable individual-stock STOCK Act trades, and he co-sponsored the STOCK Act. His clearest accountability concern is the correlation between heavy securities/investment-industry funding and his record on the Financial Services Committee, including a 2014-era derivatives \"swaps push-out\" repeal whose language was reported to be drafted largely by Citigroup lobbyists (correlation, not proof of a quid pro quo). His voting attendance is strong (about 1.4% missed votes lifetime), and his leadership PAC's Vail spending drew scrutiny but was assessed by a watchdog as fundraising-related rather than a personal slush fund. Overall his record is relatively clean on direct self-dealing, with money-in-politics influence being the most substantive flag.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No reportable individual-stock STOCK Act trades found; disclosed assets are broad index/mutual funds (e.g., Fidelity Total Market Index). He co-sponsored the STOCK Act. Scored 0 per rule (no individual-stock trading).","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat congressional tracker shows no trade activity for Himes.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/james-himes/"},{"claim":"Disclosures show large holdings in funds like Fidelity Total Market Index, not individual equities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/jim-himes/net-worth?cid=N00029070"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Net worth rose from ~$7.3M (2018) to ~$9.3M (2025). Growth is broadly consistent with passive index-fund market appreciation over the period; he entered Congress already wealthy (ex-Goldman Sachs), and pre-office wealth is not scored. Low score reflects no evidence of growth beyond salary plus market returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth estimated ~$9.3M as of 2025 (vs ~$7.26M in 2018).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/James%20A.%20Himes-H001047/net-worth"},{"claim":"2018 net worth ~$7.26M, holdings dominated by index funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/jim-himes/net-worth?cid=N00029070"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":58,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior Financial Services Committee member and former Goldman Sachs VP, Himes is a top recipient of securities/investment money (~$459K in 2023-24 cycle; ~49% of funds from PACs). He pushed Dodd-Frank rollbacks, including a derivatives 'swaps push-out' repeal reportedly drafted largely by Citigroup lobbyists, from whom he received substantial contributions. Industry-dollar concentration aligns with industry-favorable positions; no proven quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Himes received ~$458,906 from the Securities & Investment industry in the 2023-24 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/jim-himes/industries?cid=N00029070&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Himes defended an 11-point Dodd-Frank rollback; reporting tied his swaps push-out language to Citigroup lobbyists.","sourceUrl":"https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/01/08/jim-himes-deregulation_n_6439282.html"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"His leadership PAC (JIM PAC) spent ~$100K at luxury Vail, CO hotels (Sonnenalp, Four Seasons) since 2012. A Campaign Legal Center expert said the spending appeared to be legitimate fundraising-event costs, not a personal slush fund, since a majority of PAC funds went to other candidates. No FEC complaint or personal-use finding identified. Low-moderate score for optics of luxury-resort PAC spending.","evidence":[{"claim":"JIM PAC spent ~$100K on Vail ski-resort hotels; watchdog called it fundraising-related, not a slush fund.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2020/03/12/vail-where-leadership-pac-money-goes-to-play/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family members lobbying, contracts tied to his office, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. His wife and children are not documented as lobbyists. Scored 0 per no-data rule (absence not penalized).","evidence":[{"claim":"No lobbying ties for Himes family members found in public profiles.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Himes"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only 152 of 10,777 roll-call votes (1.4%) over 2009-2026, below the ~2.1% median. He fundraises actively, but low missed-vote rate indicates no neglect of legislative duty. Minimal score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Himes missed 1.4% of votes (152 of 10,777), below the median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/james_himes/412282"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000566","name":"Robert E. Latta","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"OH","score":20,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Robert E. Latta (R-OH-05), in office since 2007 and a senior member of the House Energy & Commerce Committee, has a comparatively clean accountability profile. His disclosed STOCK Act activity (roughly 19 trades, ~$225K volume) is concentrated entirely in a single Ohio regional bank, Farmers & Merchants Bancorp (FMAO/FMBA), with no overlap with his telecom/energy committee jurisdiction and no signs of active diversified or market-timing trading. His career donor base aligns with his committee (energy/telecom), which is a correlation rather than evidence of quid pro quo, and his net worth (~$5-7.7M per estimates) reflects substantial pre-office and family wealth. No public records were found of FEC personal-use enforcement, family lobbying tied to his office, a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline, or fundraising-driven absenteeism (his missed-vote rate is 0.3%, well below the median).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"About 19 disclosed trades totaling roughly $225K, concentrated entirely in one Ohio regional bank stock (Farmers & Merchants Bancorp, FMAO/FMBA). No committee-sector overlap (his committee is Energy & Commerce, not banking), no diversified trading, no evidence of suspicious timing or market-beating returns. Single-name, likely local/family holding; low self-dealing risk but nonzero because he does trade an individual stock.","evidence":[{"claim":"Latta has ~19 trades, ~$225,500 volume, all in Farmers & Merchants Bancorp (FMAO); recent buys 4/20/2026 and 6/4/2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/robert-latta/"},{"claim":"Reported FMAO purchase of $1,001-$15,000 on April 20, 2026, filed April 24, 2026 under STOCK Act.","sourceUrl":"https://www.benzinga.com/insights/government/26/04/52066590/ohio-rep-robert-latta-bought-up-to-15k-worth-of-farmers-merchants-stock"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated ~$5.19M (2018, OpenSecrets) and ~$7.7M (2026, Quiver). Growth is plausibly attributable to pre-office/family wealth, bank holdings, and market appreciation; no source isolates growth beyond salary+market over tenure. Pre-office wealth is not scored, so no penalty assigned.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Latta's net worth at $5,188,531 in 2018; Quiver estimates ~$7.7M as of April 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/robert-latta/net-worth?cid=N00012233"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimates Latta worth ~$7.7M, 129th-highest in Congress (April 2026).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Robert%20E.%20Latta-L000566"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As senior Energy & Commerce member and Energy Subcommittee chair, Latta's donor base concentrates in energy, telecom, and electric utility industries that fall under his committee jurisdiction, and he sponsors related legislation (e.g., SECURE Grid Act). This industry-money/jurisdiction alignment is typical of committee seniority and does not establish a quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Latta chairs the Energy Subcommittee and sits on Communications & Technology, shaping energy/telecom policy; his SECURE Grid Act advanced through the committee.","sourceUrl":"https://energycommerce.house.gov/representatives/latta"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Latta's top industries/contributors by career, concentrated in his committee's regulated sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/robert-e-latta/industries?cid=N00012233&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of FEC personal-use complaints, enforcement actions, or news reports alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Committee (Latta for Congress, C00438697) files routine reports with ~$1.0M cash on hand. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Latta for Congress (C00438697) FEC committee filings show routine fundraising and ~$1.0M cash on hand; no personal-use enforcement found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00438697/?cycle=2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found tying family members to lobbying/contracts connected to his office, nor a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. (His late father, former Rep. Delbert Latta, appears in OpenSecrets' revolving-door/former-members data but reflects the father's own prior service, not Bob Latta's office.) Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets revolving-door database returns no specific lobbying ties for Bob Latta's family/staff tied to his office; the Latta entry relates to former Rep. Delbert L. Latta.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving-door/summary?id=30430"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Latta missed 39 of 11,492 roll-call votes (0.3%) from Dec 2007 to June 2026, well below the 2.1% median. He conducts routine fundraising (~$265K-$272K disclosed in recent quarters) but no evidence this displaces legislative duties or involves heavy paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Latta missed 39 of 11,492 roll-call votes (0.3%), better than the 2.1% median, Dec 2007-June 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/robert_latta/412256"},{"claim":"Latta disclosed ~$265.2K of Q4 fundraising (filed Jan 31, 2026) with ~$1.0M cash on hand.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Fundraising+Update:+Representative+Robert+E.+Latta+just+disclosed+$272.1K+of+new+fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001288","name":"Cory A. Booker","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NJ","score":20,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Public records show Cory Booker's household holds primarily Fidelity mutual funds and a New Jersey state pension rather than an actively traded individual-stock portfolio; the only individual-stock transactions on record date to a single 2014 filing (Netflix, American Tower), with no disclosed trading since. His reported net worth (commonly estimated near $1-1.5M, with some outlets citing up to $3-5M) is largely attributable to pre-Senate income: roughly $1.7M in speaking fees earned 2009-2013 as Newark mayor and over $1M in royalties from his 2016 book \"United\" — earnings that predate or fall outside Senate honoraria rules; a viral claim that he illegally took speaking fees as a senator conflates this pre-office income with banned in-office honoraria. On money-in-politics, Booker historically drew heavy securities-industry ($2.2M in 2013-14) and pharmaceutical (roughly $327K-$468K career) money, but he paused pharma money in 2017 and swore off corporate PAC donations in 2018, and he co-sponsored drug-pricing legislation opposed by the industry — a correlation, not proof of quid pro quo. No FEC enforcement action or credible reporting of campaign-funds personal use was found, and no evidence of family lobbying tied to his office surfaced. The clearest accountability flags are an above-median missed-vote rate (about 9.2% lifetime versus a 2.8% Senate median, driven largely by his 2019-20 presidential run) and a 2025 FACT watchdog complaint alleging his 25-hour floor speech was linked to campaign fundraising solicitations, which remains an unadjudicated allegation.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Household holds mostly Fidelity mutual funds and a NJ pension, not an active individual-stock portfolio. Only individual-stock transactions on record are from a single 2014 filing (Netflix, American Tower); no disclosed individual trades since. Minimal STOCK Act exposure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Booker has filed twice since 2014 with 13 transactions across 10 stocks; his last individual stock transaction was Aug 8, 2014 (sold Netflix $15K-$50K; American Tower $50K-$100K), and holdings are dominated by Fidelity mutual funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Cory%20A.%20Booker-B001288"},{"claim":"Disclosed holdings are primarily funds such as Fidelity New Millennium, Fidelity Blue Chip Growth, Fidelity Equity Income, plus a NJ Public Employee Retirement System pension.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/cory-booker/reports?cid=N00035267"},{"claim":"MarketBeat congressional trade profile catalogs Booker's limited disclosed trading history.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/cory-booker/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth commonly estimated near $1-1.5M (some outlets cite up to $3-5M). The bulk traces to pre-Senate income — ~$1.7M in speaking fees (2009-2013, as Newark mayor) and >$1M in book royalties — which predates office and is not scored. No evidence of in-office wealth growth beyond salary and market returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Booker earned more than $1.7M in speaking fees from 2009 through 2013, before his 2013 Senate election, while serving as Newark mayor.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/cory-booker-tax-returns-wealth"},{"claim":"His 2016 book 'United' generated over $1M in royalties (2015-2017).","sourceUrl":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/booker-releases-tax-returns-showing-high-charitable-giving"},{"claim":"Quiver estimates Booker's net worth around $1.1M (322nd in Congress); his 2023 disclosure implies roughly $585K-$1.35M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Cory%20A.%20Booker-B001288/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Booker historically drew heavy securities-industry ($2.2M in 2013-14, most of any senator that cycle) and pharma money (~$327K-$468K career). He paused pharma contributions in 2017 and rejected corporate PAC money in 2018, and co-sponsored drug-pricing bills the industry opposed. No quid pro quo asserted or shown.","evidence":[{"claim":"Booker took in $2.2M from the securities and investment industry in 2013-14, more than any other senator that cycle; from 2017-2018 the figure fell to ~$439K.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/cory-booker/industries?cid=N00035267&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"PolitiFact: Booker accepted between $327K and $468K from pharmaceutical sources over his career; he paused pharma money in 2017 and later co-sponsored drug-importation and Medicare price-negotiation bills opposed by the industry.","sourceUrl":"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2019/jul/02/donald-trump/cory-booker-and-drug-maker-campaign-cash-numbers/"},{"claim":"Booker joined Senate Democrats in February 2018 in rejecting corporate PAC donations.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnbc.com/2018/02/14/booker-gillibrand-reject-corporate-pac-donations.html"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement action, credible reporting, or watchdog finding of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal-benefit categories was found. Per rubric, absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Booker's FEC candidate and committee records show no documented personal-use enforcement matter.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4NJ00185/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No reporting of family members lobbying or contracting tied to Booker's office was found. Standard staff-to-lobbyist movement common to most offices may exist (LegiStorm tracks staff), but no specific, sourced evidence of a notable pipeline tied to official action surfaced. Largely insufficient data.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm maintains Booker's staff directory and lobbying-contribution records; no specific family-lobbying tie was identified in available reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/2998/name/Cory_Booker.html"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets lobbyist-contribution data for Booker shows no flagged family or office-tied lobbying relationship.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2016&id=N00035267"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Booker's lifetime missed-vote rate is about 9.2% (435 of 4,721 votes through June 2026) versus a 2.8% Senate median, driven heavily by his 2019-20 presidential campaign, when he missed more votes than any other member running. A 2025 FACT complaint alleges his 25-hour floor speech was tied to campaign fundraising solicitations (unadjudicated).","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack: Booker missed 435 of 4,721 roll-call votes (9.2%) Oct 2013-June 2026, worse than the 2.8% median of currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/cory_booker/412598"},{"claim":"Booker missed more votes than any other member of Congress running for president in the 2020 cycle while campaigning.","sourceUrl":"https://www.axios.com/2020/01/09/cory-booker-missed-votes-2020-congress"},{"claim":"FACT filed a March/April 2025 ethics complaint alleging Booker linked his 25-hour Senate floor speech to campaign contribution solicitations; no findings or action reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.factdc.org/post/ethics-watchdog-calls-for-investigation-into-sen-booker-for-linking-senate-floor-speech-to-request"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"J000298","name":"Pramila Jayapal","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"WA","score":20,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Pramila Jayapal (D-WA-07) has a financial record with little evidence of self-dealing. Public reporting and her own disclosures indicate her household has held only one individual stock—Newell Brands shares gifted by a family member over a decade ago—which she sold for between $1,001 and $15,000 in 2023; she disclosed the sale on her annual report but filed the required periodic transaction report late, a technical STOCK Act violation typically carrying a $200 fine. Her other reported assets are diversified index and ETF funds from Dimensional Fund Advisors, and she is a lead sponsor of multiple bipartisan bills to ban congressional stock trading and ownership. Her financial disclosures show large liabilities exceeding assets (a reported negative net worth), with no sourced evidence of wealth growth beyond her salary or broad-market returns. Her campaign and PAC funding is concentrated in labor unions—roughly $401,500 from public-sector unions—aligning with her pro-labor voting record (correlation, not proof of quid pro quo). She spent about $50,000 in campaign funds on home security in 2023, including payments to a renovation contractor that one outlet questioned as a possible structural improvement, though the FEC permits non-structural residential security spending; her missed-vote rate (2.6%) is near the congressional median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Household has held only one individual stock—Newell Brands, gifted by a relative over a decade ago—sold for $1,001–$15,000 in 2023. Other assets are diversified index/ETF funds. One late periodic transaction report (technical STOCK Act violation, ~$200 fine). Jayapal is a lead sponsor of bills banning congressional stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Jayapal disclosed selling up to $15,000 of Newell Brands stock—her only individual stock, gifted by a family member over a decade ago—on her 2023 annual report but filed the periodic transaction report late, a STOCK Act violation typically fined $200.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/congress/pramila-jayapal-stock-act"},{"claim":"Jayapal's most valuable reported assets are Dimensional Fund Advisors index funds and ETFs (each $100,001–$250,000), not individual securities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+Pramila+Jayapal+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Jayapal is a lead sponsor of repeated bipartisan bills to ban members of Congress, spouses and dependents from owning or trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://jayapal.house.gov/2025/09/03/magaziner-roy-jayapal-introduce-new-bipartisan-bill-to-ban-congressional-stock-trading/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Disclosures show large liabilities exceeding assets, producing a reported negative net worth range. No sourced evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary or broad-market returns over her tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Her 2023 disclosure reports assets of $850,027–$2,150,000 against liabilities of $2,750,004–$11,500,000, yielding a negative net worth range.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/pramila-jayapal-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimated her net worth at roughly $1.6 million as of early 2026, reflecting wide methodological variation across range-based disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+Pramila+Jayapal+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Campaign/PAC funding is concentrated in labor unions—about $401,500 from public-sector unions led by NEA, SEIU, AFT and AFSCME—aligning with her pro-labor legislative record. Correlation, not proof of any quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Jayapal received about $401,500 from public-sector labor unions, including $60,000 each from NEA and SEIU, $56,000 from AFT and $55,000 from AFSCME across 2016–2024 cycles.","sourceUrl":"https://publicunionfacts.com/federal-candidate/2644458/jayapal-pramila"},{"claim":"Jayapal's legislative record is heavily pro-labor, including authoring the National Domestic Workers Bill of Rights and backing worker-protection measures.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pramila_Jayapal"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Campaign reported about $50,000 in 2023 home-security spending, including ~$23,000 to a home renovation contractor and ~$17,000 for fencing. The FEC permits non-structural residential security upgrades; one outlet questioned whether the renovation work was a prohibited structural improvement. Spending followed a reported armed threat at her home.","evidence":[{"claim":"Jayapal's campaign spent nearly $50,000 in 2023 on home security, including $23,164 to a renovation contractor, $17,432 for fencing, and alarm/camera vendors; FEC rules allow non-structural residential security spending.","sourceUrl":"https://freebeacon.com/california/defund-the-police-democrat-pramila-jayapal-sinks-50k-in-campaign-cash-into-home-security/"},{"claim":"FEC guidance permits members of Congress to use campaign funds for residential security systems that do not constitute structural home improvements.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/help-candidates-and-committees/making-disbursements/personal-use/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family members lobbying or contracting tied to her office, or of a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Her spouse is a labor union official, not a registered lobbyist. She has sponsored anti-revolving-door legislation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Jayapal's husband, Steve Williamson, is a labor leader and union official (UFCW 21 / former King County Labor Council), not described as operating a lobbying business.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pramila_Jayapal"},{"claim":"Jayapal co-introduced the Anti-Corruption and Public Integrity Act to restrict the revolving door and tighten conflict-of-interest rules.","sourceUrl":"https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-jayapal-question-raimondo-on-big-tech-revolving-door-at-department-of-commerce-and-its-impact-on-global-digital-trade-rules"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 132 of 4,987 roll-call votes (2.6%) from 2017 to mid-2026, near the 2.1% median for serving representatives. No sourced evidence of missed votes tied to fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2017 to June 2026 Jayapal missed 132 of 4,987 roll-call votes (2.6%), on par with the 2.1% median among current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/pramila_jayapal/412730"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001232","name":"April McClain Delaney","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"MD","score":20,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"April McClain Delaney, a media lawyer and former NTIA deputy administrator, has represented Maryland's 6th District since January 2025 and sits on Agriculture and Science. Her household wealth, largely Forbright bank stock from her husband John Delaney's career, predates her time in office. Trusts for her dependent children made 486 individual-stock trades through August 2026, all reported on time. She has largely self-funded, lending her campaigns more than $14 million. She missed 2.7% of votes, with a cluster around her 2026 primary.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse of 19 PTRs (Feb 2025 to Aug 2026) shows 486 individual-stock transactions in 48 mid-cap names, $4.0M-$15.5M in reported ranges, all owned by trusts for her dependent children and all filed on time. Activity rose in 2026 (78 trades in the Sept. 2026 report alone). Committee overlap is modest; holdings include defense and nuclear names (BWX Technologies, TransDigm) outside her Agriculture and Science panels. She has said a third party holds discretion over trades.","evidence":[{"claim":"Her first PTR (signed 03/20/2025) lists dependent-child sales and purchases of A.O. Smith, Brown & Brown, CACI, Corpay, Labcorp and Paychex in February 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20027975.pdf"},{"claim":"A Sept. 2026 PTR lists dependent-child sales of $100,001-$250,000 each in Brown & Brown, BWX Technologies, C.H. Robinson and Wabtec on 08/25/2026.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20035408.pdf"},{"claim":"Her 2025 annual report shows the stocks held in SBLG Delaney Family Trusts for Dependent Child #1 and #2 via Charles Schwab brokerage accounts.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10074769.pdf"},{"claim":"She says she does not trade stocks and assigns a third party discretion over trades.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_McClain_Delaney"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Delaney is among the wealthiest House members, but the wealth predates her 2025 swearing-in: it comes from her husband John Delaney's banking career (Forbright). Her 2023 candidate report already listed Forbright stock at $25M-$50M. No evidence of growth tied to office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Her candidate report filed Feb. 2024 lists jointly held Forbright, Inc. bank stock valued $25,000,001-$50,000,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2023/10056220.pdf"},{"claim":"Her 2025 annual report lists the same Forbright stake at $25,000,001-$50,000,000 plus a spouse-owned Forbright call option valued $5,000,001-$25,000,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10074769.pdf"},{"claim":"She told Bethesda Magazine in June 2026 her personal net worth was close to $100 million, plus non-liquid assets.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_McClain_Delaney"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Her campaigns run on her own money rather than PAC money: in the 2026 cycle through June 2026 she lent $11M against $377K from PACs and $869K from individuals. No reporting tied donors to her official actions.","evidence":[{"claim":"2026-cycle receipts of $12.31M include $11,000,000 in candidate loans, $377,250 from other committees and $869,217 from individuals; debts owed total $14.87M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4MD06340/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint over campaign spending was found. Large self-loans ($14.9M owed to her) are legal; repayment from donor money would be worth watching, but none has been reported.","evidence":[{"claim":"Her committee reported $14,873,000 in debts owed as of June 30, 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4MD06340/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Her husband is a former member of Congress and bank founder, not a registered lobbyist; no family lobbying or office-linked contracts found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":6,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview shows 18 missed votes of 674 (2.7%), slightly above the ~1.9% House median; 10 of the 18 fell in May-June 2026 around her contested June 23 primary.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview records 18 'not voting' entries for McClain Delaney (ICPSR 22536) across 674 House roll calls through Sept. 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"},{"claim":"She defeated David Trone in the June 23, 2026 Democratic primary.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_McClain_Delaney"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H000874","name":"Steny H. Hoyer","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"MD","score":19,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Steny Hoyer (D-MD5), in the House since 1981 and former Majority Leader/Whip, shows little evidence of personal self-dealing in the available public record. He is not a known active individual-stock trader; disclosures and trade trackers show mainly accounts and mutual funds rather than a high volume of single-stock transactions, and his estimated net worth (~$3.9M) is mid-pack for Congress and unremarkable given his 40+ year tenure. The clearest accountability flag is positional rather than financial: as a senior leader he publicly opposed a congressional stock-trading ban (2022) while maintaining a robust donor and leadership-PAC (AmeriPAC) fundraising operation tied to industries such as public-sector unions and electric utilities — a correlation, not proof of vote-buying. No FEC personal-use findings, family-lobbying scandals, or chronic absenteeism surfaced in public sources.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No record of active individual-stock trading. Quiver Quantitative's trade activity page for Hoyer is unpopulated (no listed trades/volume), and reporting on his disclosures describes holdings primarily as accounts and a mutual fund ($250k-$500k) rather than single-stock STOCK Act transactions. Per rubric, absence of trading = 0; not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's Hoyer trade-activity page shows no populated individual stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Steny%20H.%20Hoyer-H000874"},{"claim":"Reporting describes Hoyer's holdings as stock accounts and a mutual fund ($250k-$500k), not a portfolio of individually traded equities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.baltimoresun.com/2005/06/16/reports-show-3-md-congressmen-are-millionaires/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated ~$3.9M in 2026, ranking ~189th in Congress — modest for a 45-year tenure and senior leadership role. Earlier OpenSecrets-era estimates ranged from low hundreds of thousands to low millions; ranges are wide and methodology-dependent. Growth appears broadly consistent with salary, pension, book royalties, and market gains; no documented enrichment beyond those sources, so a low score reflecting limited data rather than evidence of self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hoyer's net worth estimated at ~$3.9M in Feb 2026, ranking 189th in Congress; income sources cited as salary, investments, and book royalties.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Steny%20H.%20Hoyer-H000874/net-worth"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Hoyer net-worth estimates over time (wide reported ranges across years).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/steny-hoyer/net-worth?cid=N00001821"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As a longtime leader and prolific fundraiser, Hoyer's top industry donors have included public-sector unions (#1) and electric utilities (#2) in recent cycles, plus substantial lobbyist contributions. His AmeriPAC leadership PAC raises and redistributes millions ($4.1M raised/contributed in 2024 cycle). Donor concentration in regulated/labor sectors aligns directionally with his pro-labor and infrastructure voting, but no specific quid-pro-quo or donor-timed vote is documented. Moderate score reflects fundraising scale and donor concentration, not proven influence.","evidence":[{"claim":"In the 2017-2018 cycle Hoyer's top industry donors were public-sector unions (#1) and electric utilities (#2).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/industries?cid=N00001821&cycle=2018"},{"claim":"Hoyer was historically a top recipient of lobbyist contributions; OpenSecrets tracks his lobbyist donor totals.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2012&id=N00001821"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC complaints, enforcement actions, or credible reporting found alleging personal use of campaign or AmeriPAC leadership-PAC funds. AmeriPAC spending in public records is directed to candidate contributions and independent expenditures (e.g., $500k for a 2026 MD-05 candidate), consistent with normal political activity. No data to support a positive score; not penalized for absence.","evidence":[{"claim":"AmeriPAC (Hoyer's leadership PAC) spending in 2026 was directed to candidate support, e.g., $500k IE/contributions for Adrian Boafo's campaign — no personal-use allegations reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/ameripac-the-fund-for-a-greater-america/C00271338/summary/2020"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No evidence of family members lobbying on matters tied to Hoyer's office or of contracts steered to relatives. As a 45-year incumbent and former leader, his office is a known node in the staff-to-lobbyist pipeline (LegiStorm tracks numerous former staffers, some of whom enter lobbying), which is typical of senior offices but raises a modest structural flag. No specific scandal documented; low score reflects ordinary staff turnover rather than proven impropriety.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm maintains staff directories and revolving-door tracking for Hoyer's long-tenured office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/287/name/Steny_Hoyer.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Hoyer's lifetime missed-votes rate is low relative to peers, with a notable cluster of missed votes in late 2018 attributed to illness/recovery. He is, however, a heavy fundraiser (millions raised/redistributed via AmeriPAC and for fellow Democrats), reflecting significant time on political money operations typical of leadership. Low-moderate score: strong attendance offsets heavy fundraising; no paid private speaking fees documented (barred for members).","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack notes Hoyer missed a cluster of late-2018 roll-call votes due to recovery from illness; otherwise tracks his attendance against the median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/steny_hoyer/400189"},{"claim":"Hoyer raised/contributed $4.1M for Democratic candidates in the 2024 cycle via his fundraising operation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/steny-h-hoyer/summary?cid=N00001821"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001089","name":"Josh Hawley","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"MO","score":19,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Public records indicate Josh Hawley's household does not trade individual stocks; his disclosures show concentration in mutual funds, a bank holding, and a real estate asset (Winecup Ranch), and he has been a lead sponsor of legislation (the PELOSI Act) to ban congressional stock trading. His estimated net worth rose from roughly $1.1 million around 2018 to roughly $2.8 million by 2025, a trajectory broadly consistent with Senate salary, book royalties, spousal income, and asset appreciation, though disclosure ranges make precise attribution impossible. Campaign and joint-fundraising committees drew large sums from donors including Smead Capital Management and, historically, David Humphreys of Tamko Building Products; any alignment between contributions and his votes is correlation, not evidence of a quid pro quo. A 2017 FEC complaint (MUR 7267) alleged improper \"testing the waters\" and vendor-coordination spending during his transition from a state campaign to a federal one, but no finding of personal-use enrichment was established in the sourced records reviewed. His spouse, Erin Morrow Hawley, is an appellate litigator with Alliance Defending Freedom and Lex Politica, raising commentary about issue conflicts but no documented lobbying of his office. Sourced data show no notable pattern of missed votes paired with heavy fundraising.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence of individual stock trading by Hawley or his spouse. Disclosures show mutual funds, a bank deposit, and real estate; he publicly states he sold individual assets on taking office and leads a bill to ban member stock trading. Score near zero per rubric (household does not trade individual stocks).","evidence":[{"claim":"Hawley's latest financial disclosure shows holdings concentrated in mutual funds (Fidelity Contrafund, T. Rowe Price Mid-Cap Growth, Principal Lifetime 2045), a Bank of America holding, and up to $1M in Winecup Ranch real estate, with no indication of active individual stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Josh+Hawley+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Hawley states he sold his financial assets when elected: 'I don't have individual stocks. I don't trade in stocks.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2024-07-12/missouri-sen-josh-hawley-leading-bipartisan-push-to-ban-lawmaker-stock-trading"},{"claim":"Hawley reintroduced the PELOSI Act to ban members of Congress from trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.hawley.senate.gov/hawley-reintroduces-pelosi-act-to-ban-congress-from-trading-stocks/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth rose from ~$1.1M (2018) to ~$2.8M (2025). Growth is broadly explainable by Senate salary, book royalties (The Tyranny of Big Tech), spousal legal income, and appreciation of a real estate holding rather than trading gains. Disclosure ranges prevent precise measurement; modest score reflects above-salary growth without an identified improper source.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hawley's estimated net worth for 2018 was about $1.1 million.","sourceUrl":"https://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-politicians/republicans/josh-hawley-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimates Hawley worth about $2.8M as of August 2025; assets reported in ranges from roughly $1.8M to $3.4M with liabilities of $750K-$1.5M.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/josh-hawley-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Income sources include a $174,000 Senate salary, book royalties from 'The Tyranny of Big Tech,' and his spouse's legal income.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Hawley"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Hawley's committees raised millions; notable donors include Smead Capital Management (top 2024 Victory Committee donor) and historically David Humphreys of Tamko Building Products, who gave millions. No quid-pro-quo asserted; sourced data does not establish systematic vote-for-money alignment in a single overseen sector.","evidence":[{"claim":"Smead Capital Management was the top donor to the Josh Hawley Victory Committee in 2024 at about $49,525.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/josh-hawley-victory-cmte/C00779223/2024/donors"},{"claim":"David Humphreys, CEO of Tamko Building Products, personally donated $2,880,400 to Hawley before 2020, with family members donating additional millions.","sourceUrl":"https://fox4kc.com/news/with-donors-abandoning-josh-hawley-see-who-contributed-the-most-to-the-senators-campaigns/"},{"claim":"The Josh Hawley Victory Committee raised about $9.59 million in the 2024 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/josh-hawley-victory-cmte/C00779223/2024/summary"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"A 2017 FEC complaint (MUR 7267) alleged improper 'testing the waters' spending and vendor-coordination as Hawley moved from a state campaign to a federal one; the sourced documents are the complaint itself, not a finding of personal enrichment. No documented personal-use diversion of campaign funds in reviewed records. Low confidence given limited outcome data.","evidence":[{"claim":"MUR 7267 alleged Hawley for Missouri made expenditures to vendors also used by his federal campaign, including The Gober Group receiving payments from both the state and federal exploratory committees on the same day (Sept 13, 2017).","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/legal/murs/7267/19044417298.pdf"},{"claim":"Hawley stated in an affidavit that no funds from Hawley for Missouri were spent to explore or promote a federal candidacy.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/legal/murs/7267/19044417336.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Spouse Erin Morrow Hawley is an appellate litigator with Alliance Defending Freedom and Lex Politica (Supreme Court/appellate practice). Commentary has noted potential issue conflicts (e.g., the mifepristone case), but reviewed sources show no registration as a lobbyist of his office or a documented family-lobbying-for-contracts pipeline tied to his Senate seat.","evidence":[{"claim":"Erin Morrow Hawley serves as Chair of Supreme Court and Appellate Practice at Lex Politica while remaining Of Counsel with Alliance Defending Freedom.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erin_Hawley"},{"claim":"Activists raised conflict-of-interest questions over Erin Hawley's role in the mifepristone case, noting the trial judge had donated to her husband; this is issue-based commentary, not evidence of lobbying his office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsweek.com/erin-hawley-supreme-court-case-1810419"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Reviewed sources (GovTrack report card, OpenSecrets) did not yield an accessible missed-votes percentage paired with fundraising/paid-speech data establishing a pattern. Per rubric, absence of data is not penalized; scored zero with insufficient-data confidence.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"A000055","name":"Robert B. Aderholt","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"AL","score":18,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Robert B. Aderholt (R-AL4), in office since 1997 and a senior House Appropriations Committee member, presents a largely conventional profile with no major documented self-dealing scandals. He is among Alabama delegation members reported to hold individual corporate stocks, but no evidence of high-volume or suspiciously timed trading surfaced; his ~$6.4M 2018 net worth is concentrated in real estate and a family enterprise without clear office-attributable enrichment. His strongest accountability signal is the typical appropriator pattern of concentrated industry PAC money aligned with subcommittee jurisdiction (correlation, not proof), plus modest family-advocacy proximity through his wife's prior role overseeing lobbyists at Concerned Women for America. His lifetime missed-vote rate (2.9%) is only slightly above the House median, and no campaign personal-use enforcement was found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Aderholt is one of four Alabama congressional delegation members reported to hold individual corporate stocks, and he sits on House Appropriations (broad sector overlap). However, no record of high-volume active trading or suspicious-timing Periodic Transaction Reports surfaced; holdings appear to be relatively passive disclosed assets rather than frequent trades. Low-to-moderate score reflects individual-stock ownership with sector overlap but no evidence of active trading or market-beating timing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Aderholt named among four Alabama delegation members who invest in individual corporate stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://alabamareflector.com/2023/02/07/tuberville-among-four-in-alabama-congressional-delegation-to-invest-in-corporate-stocks/"},{"claim":"Aderholt's congressional trading/holdings tracked on Quiver Quantitative; no high-volume active trading pattern shown.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Robert%20B.%20Aderholt-A000055"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated his 2018 net worth at roughly $6.4M (ranked 62nd in House), with assets heavily in real estate and a family enterprise (Greenbrier Enterprises) plus inherited/marital wealth. Available disclosures do not isolate post-1997 growth beyond salary and market returns, and much wealth appears tied to real estate/family holdings predating clear attribution. No sourced data demonstrates anomalous enrichment attributable to office, so no score assigned (absence not penalized).","evidence":[{"claim":"Aderholt's 2018 estimated net worth was $6,370,510, ranked 62nd in the House, with assets concentrated in real estate and Greenbrier Enterprises.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/robert-aderholt/net-worth?cid=N00003028"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior House Appropriations Committee member (and subcommittee chair), Aderholt draws substantial PAC money from industries with business before his subcommittees (defense, agriculture, health). Appropriators routinely receive concentrated industry donations alongside earmark/appropriations activity benefiting those sectors. This reflects the typical appropriator donor-vote alignment pattern rather than any documented quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Aderholt is a senior member of the House Appropriations Committee, whose members attract concentrated industry PAC contributions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/cong-cmtes/profiles?cmte=HAPP&cmtename=Appropriations&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Aderholt's campaign-finance and top-industry donor profile is tracked by OpenSecrets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/robert-b-aderholt/summary?cid=N00003028"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement matters, news reports, or watchdog complaints alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Aderholt were found. His committee (Robert Aderholt for Congress) and a joint fundraising committee file standard FEC reports with no documented personal-use violations. Absence of evidence, not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Robert Aderholt for Congress files standard FEC disclosures with no documented personal-use enforcement actions found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00313247/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Aderholt's wife, Caroline McDonald Aderholt, previously served as chief of staff at Concerned Women for America, where she oversaw the legislative department and lobbyists; her father, Albert McDonald, was an Alabama state senator and Agriculture Commissioner. These are family political/advocacy ties rather than documented lobbying contracts directed at Aderholt's office or a documented staff-to-K-Street pipeline. Low score reflects family advocacy/political proximity without evidence of office-tied lobbying contracts.","evidence":[{"claim":"Caroline Aderholt was chief of staff at Concerned Women for America, overseeing its legislative department and lobbyists.","sourceUrl":"https://eagleforum.org/about/caroline-mcdonald-aderholt.html"},{"claim":"Caroline Aderholt is the daughter of Albert McDonald, a former Alabama state senator and Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aderholt"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Aderholt missed 535 of 18,472 roll-call votes (2.9%) from 1997 to 2026, modestly worse than the ~2.1% median for current representatives. No reports of heavy paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism were found. Low score reflects only a slightly above-median lifetime miss rate with no neglect-of-duty pattern.","evidence":[{"claim":"Aderholt missed 535 of 18,472 roll-call votes (2.9%) from Jan 1997 to June 2026, vs a 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/robert_aderholt/400004"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001243","name":"Marsha Blackburn","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"TN","score":18,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Blackburn reports little to no individual-stock trading and a modest reported net worth, so trading and enrichment concerns are low. The most substantiated accountability issue is campaign spending: reporting found her campaigns paid firms owned by her daughter and son-in-law roughly $370,000 between 2002 and 2025, and she has a long history of FEC inquiries including a past illegal-contribution citation. No major revolving-door or excessive-absenteeism findings surfaced. Industry-donor influence is a correlation-only consideration.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No record of individual-stock trade activity; not named in NYT congressional conflict reporting. Net-worth trackers estimate small market gains but show no active individual trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"There is no record of trade activity from Blackburn, and she was not among senators flagged in NYT reporting on stock-trade conflicts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Marsha%20Blackburn-B001243"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Reported net worth estimated modest (roughly under $1.3M); no documented growth beyond salary/market, and she lacks a personal fortune per FEC reporting.","evidence":[{"claim":"Blackburn's net worth is estimated modestly (ranges cited up to ~$1.3M), and reporting notes she built a governor campaign without a personal fortune.","sourceUrl":"https://tennesseelookout.com/2026/03/25/fec-filings-reveal-how-blackburn-laid-the-groundwork-for-governor-campaign-without-personal-fortune/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: industry contributions tracked by OpenSecrets/FollowTheMoney; no specific quid-pro-quo established.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Blackburn's campaign finance and industry contributor profile.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/marsha-blackburn/summary?cid=N00003105"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":55,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Reporting found campaigns paid firms owned by her daughter and son-in-law ~$370,000 (2002-2025), plus a history of 57 FEC information requests and a past illegal-contribution citation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Firms owned by Blackburn's daughter Mary Morgan Ketchel and son-in-law Paul Ketchel cashed in roughly $370,000 in campaign payments between 2002 and 2025, including $123,000 to Political Concepts LLC.","sourceUrl":"https://tennesseelookout.com/2026/03/25/fec-filings-reveal-how-blackburn-laid-the-groundwork-for-governor-campaign-without-personal-fortune/"},{"claim":"The FEC made 57 requests for additional information on her campaign spending (2002-2021), and she was cited for an illegal contribution.","sourceUrl":"https://occupydemocrats.com/2022/04/09/caught-marsha-blackburn-nailed-by-federal-election-commission-for-illegal-donation-with-citation/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Family members' consulting firms are paid by her campaign (overlaps with personal-use finding); no documented external lobbying contracts tied to her office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Family-owned consulting firms received hundreds of thousands in payments from her campaigns, raising family-benefit questions though not external lobbying.","sourceUrl":"https://tennesseelookout.com/2026/03/25/fec-filings-reveal-how-blackburn-laid-the-groundwork-for-governor-campaign-without-personal-fortune/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented pattern of excessive missed votes paired with heavy fundraising or paid speeches found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001053","name":"Tom Cole","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"OK","score":18,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Tom Cole (R-OK-04), Chairman of the House Appropriations Committee, is a long-serving member whose wealth largely predates and stems from his ownership stake in the political consulting firm Cole, Hargrave, Snodgrass & Associates, which he co-founded before entering office. Public trackers show no record of an active individual-stock trading portfolio, and his roughly 2.2% lifetime missed-vote rate is near the House median. As Appropriations chair he draws heavy PAC and lobbyist contributions concentrated in defense and other federally funded sectors, which raises standard money-in-politics correlation concerns but is not evidence of quid pro quo. No documented allegations of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying tied to his office, or net-worth enrichment beyond ordinary asset appreciation were found in available public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No record of an active individual-stock trading portfolio. Congressional trade trackers (Quiver, Capitol Trades) maintain a page for Cole but show his disclosures dominated by funds and his consulting-firm partnership rather than frequent individual equity trades; no STOCK Act late-filing or suspicious-timing reports attributed to him (unlike OK colleague Kevin Hern). Scored 0 absent evidence of individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative tracks Cole's disclosures from annual financial statements; no flagged individual-stock trading pattern is reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Tom%20Cole-C001053"},{"claim":"Reporting on Oklahoma's delegation attributes late STOCK Act filings to Rep. Kevin Hern, not Cole; Cole's wealth tied to his consulting partnership.","sourceUrl":"https://oklahomawatch.org/2026/03/18/fast-food-farming-and-market-gambles-how-oklahomas-congressional-delegation-got-rich/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Reported net worth rose from roughly $3.2M (2008) to about $9.4M (2024). A large share traces to his pre-office stake in Cole, Hargrave, Snodgrass & Associates, which is excluded from scoring as pre-office wealth. Growth appears broadly consistent with asset appreciation over a 16-year span rather than anomalous spikes, but the multi-fold increase warrants a modest, non-conclusive score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cole's median net worth grew from nearly $3.2M in 2008 to about $9.4M by 2024, much of it from his campaign-consulting partnership founded before office.","sourceUrl":"https://oklahomawatch.org/2026/03/18/fast-food-farming-and-market-gambles-how-oklahomas-congressional-delegation-got-rich/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finances data tracks Cole's net worth (e.g., ~$5.25M estimated for 2018) over time.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/tom-cole/net-worth?cid=N00025726"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As Appropriations chair, Cole's funding is heavily PAC-driven (~45% of 2024-cycle receipts) with large defense and lobbyist contributions and significant AIPAC-aligned money (~$553K). His committee directs federal spending across these sectors, creating overlap between donor industries and his official portfolio, but no specific vote-for-dollars link is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"In the 2023-24 cycle ~44.8% of Cole's receipts were PAC contributions; AIPAC was a leading contributor (~$552,806).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/tom-cole/summary?cid=N00025726"},{"claim":"Cole's top contributing industries and lobbyist contributions for the 2024 cycle, relevant given his Appropriations chairmanship over federal spending.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/tom-cole/industries?cid=N00025726&cycle=2024&type=C"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting or FEC complaint found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Cole. General watchdog concern about lax leadership-PAC oversight exists industry-wide but is not specific to him. Scored 0 absent member-specific evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cole's FEC candidate records show standard committee activity with no flagged personal-use findings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2OK04055/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Typical of a senior appropriator, Cole has connections to K Street: a former committee deputy chairman, Dan Mattoon, became a prominent GOP lobbyist, and LegiStorm tracks revolving-door staff. No documented family member lobbying his office or contracts tied to his position were found. Low score reflects ordinary staff-to-lobbyist flow rather than evidence of self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm catalogs Cole's staff and revolving-door connections; reporting references GOP lobbyist Dan Mattoon, a former deputy of Cole's committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/51327/Thomas_Jeffery_Cole.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 326 of 15,088 roll-call votes (2.2%) from 2003 to June 2026, near the House median of 2.1%. As Appropriations chair he fundraises substantially, but there is no pattern of missing votes to fundraise or documented paid speeches. Low score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cole missed 326 of 15,088 votes (2.2%) Jan 2003-June 2026, on par with the ~2.1% peer median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/tom_cole/400077"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000565","name":"Paul A. Gosar","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"AZ","score":18,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Paul A. Gosar (R-AZ), a House member since 2011 and a former dentist, shows no evidence of individual-stock trading under the STOCK Act; trackers list zero trades and zero trade volume. His estimated net worth (~$1.1-1.2M) is modest, largely traceable to a pre-office dental career, with no documented enrichment beyond salary and market. The clearest accountability signal is correlation-only: he is a leading advocate for Arizona mining (e.g., sponsoring the Resolution Copper land-exchange legislation) while drawing mining-sector campaign money, though no quid pro quo is shown. He has a lifetime missed-vote rate (5.9%) above the House median, but no sourced findings of campaign-fund personal use or family lobbying tied to his office were identified.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Quiver Quantitative reports zero trades, zero trade volume, and no holdings for Gosar; no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports indicating active securities trading. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative shows no reported trades, blank trade volume, and no total trades for Paul A. Gosar.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Paul%20A.%20Gosar-G000565"},{"claim":"House periodic transaction reports / STOCK Act disclosures are the public record for member trades; no active trading appears for Gosar.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/FinancialDisclosure"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$1.05M (2018) to ~$1.1-1.2M (2024), largely attributable to a 25-year pre-office dental practice and Arizona real estate (assets listed include real estate and 'Aunt Maud's Store'). No documented growth beyond salary plus market; pre-office wealth is not scored. Low confidence due to wide disclosure ranges.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Gosar's 2018 net worth at about $1.05M, with assets including real estate and a store.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/paul-gosar/net-worth?cid=N00030771"},{"claim":"2024 estimates place net worth around $1.1-1.2M, with wealth tied to his pre-Congress dental career.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/paul-gosar/other-data?cid=N00030771&cycle=2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Gosar is a prominent mining-sector advocate, sponsoring the Southeast Arizona Land Exchange / Resolution Copper legislation (H.R. 687) and opposing mining bans, while receiving mining-industry campaign support. Alignment between donor industry and legislative action is documented, but no quid pro quo is established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gosar introduced the Resolution Copper land-exchange bill (H.R. 687) and publicly opposed halting the project, aligning with mining interests.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resolution_Copper"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets catalogs Gosar's career industry contributors, the basis for assessing donor-sector concentration.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/paul-gosar/industries?cid=N00030771&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit, and no documented FEC personal-use complaint or finding against Gosar. Absence not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gosar's FEC candidate/committee records (Gosar for Congress, C00461806) show no public personal-use enforcement finding.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00461806/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family members lobbying or holding contracts tied to his office, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. (Notably, six of Gosar's siblings publicly opposed him in a campaign ad — political estrangement, not self-dealing — so no family enrichment link exists.) Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Public reporting on Gosar's family concerns political opposition (siblings endorsing his opponent), not lobbying or contracts tied to his office.","sourceUrl":"https://time.com/5403883/congressman-gosar-siblings-political-ad/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"GovTrack records 540 of 9,122 missed roll-call votes (5.9%) from 2011-2026, roughly triple the ~2.1% median for currently serving representatives. He remains an active fundraiser (e.g., a recent ~$102.8K quarterly disclosure), but no evidence ties absences specifically to paid speaking. Moderate elevation in missed votes drives a modest score.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack: Gosar missed 540 of 9,122 votes (5.9%) Jan 2011-June 2026, worse than the 2.1% median of serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/paul_gosar/412397"},{"claim":"Gosar continues active fundraising, disclosing about $102.8K in a recent reporting period.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Fundraising+Update:+Representative+Paul+A.+Gosar+just+disclosed+$102.8K+of+new+fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"P000595","name":"Gary C. Peters","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"MI","score":18,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Gary Peters (D-MI), senior U.S. Senator since 2015 (announced he will not seek reelection in 2026), trades individual stocks personally and is described as Michigan's most active senator in stock trading, with disclosed purchases such as Kraft Heinz (KHC), W.P. Carey (WPC), Stanley Black & Decker (SWK), Apple, Microsoft, and Ford; notably, he is also the lead sponsor of bipartisan HONEST Act legislation to ban congressional stock trading. His individual-stock activity is the most material accountability signal, though no public reporting alleges market-beating returns, suspicious timing, or committee-sector exploitation. His net worth (roughly $3.3M-$10M range in recent disclosures) is broadly consistent with his pre-Senate wealth and market appreciation. On other fronts his record is comparatively clean: an excellent floor-vote attendance record (~1.2% missed), no documented campaign-fund personal-use findings, and no substantiated family-lobbying conflicts; a 2019 partisan watchdog FEC complaint alleged improper coordination (not personal enrichment) and is not an adjudicated finding.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":34,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Peters actively trades individual stocks (KHC, WPC, SWK, Apple, Microsoft, Ford) personally and is cited as Michigan's most active senator in trading; volume is the main concern. No public evidence of suspicious timing, market-beating returns, or direct committee-sector exploitation. Score reflects ongoing individual-stock activity; mitigated by his lead sponsorship of a bill to ban such trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Peters disclosed individual-stock purchases (KHC, WPC, SWK) under the STOCK Act via QuiverQuant tracking.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Gary%20C.%20Peters-P000595"},{"claim":"Reporting describes Peters as Michigan's most active senator in stock trading, holding stocks including Apple, Microsoft and Ford.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/gary-peters-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth (~$4.0M in 2015 to a ~$3.3M-$10M disclosure range by 2023-2024) is broadly consistent with pre-office wealth plus market appreciation. No evidence of growth beyond salary and market returns. Wide disclosure ranges limit precision; no anomalous enrichment documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Peters' 2015 estimated net worth was about $4.0M; 2023 disclosure shows assets of roughly $3.26M-$9.95M with no reported liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/gary-peters/net-worth?cid=N00029277"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior senator on Commerce, Armed Services, Appropriations and Homeland Security committees, Peters draws contributions from regulated industries (lawyers/law firms, securities/investment, insurance, defense per OpenSecrets industry profile). No specific donor-aligned vote or bill quid pro quo is documented in public reporting; score reflects ordinary incumbent industry-money concentration, not proven influence.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains Peters' top contributing-industry profile spanning law, securities/investment, and insurance sectors tied to his committee jurisdictions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/gary-peters/industries?cid=N00029277&cycle=CAREER&type=I"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records or FEC findings document personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. A 2019 partisan watchdog (FACT) FEC complaint alleged improper coordination with outside groups, not personal enrichment, and was not an adjudicated violation. No penalty under absence rule.","evidence":[{"claim":"The only notable FEC-related allegations were 2019 partisan watchdog claims of improper coordination, not personal use of campaign funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/20/gary-peters-illicitly-coordinating-another-dark-mo/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No substantiated reporting of family lobbying contracts tied to his office or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. His wife, Colleen Ochoa Peters, runs a consulting firm (Meaningful Impact Consulting); no public evidence ties it to lobbying his office. No penalty under absence rule.","evidence":[{"claim":"Peters' spouse Colleen Ochoa Peters is principal of Meaningful Impact Consulting; no public record links the firm to lobbying tied to his office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Peters"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong floor-vote attendance: missed only 51 of 4,231 roll-call votes (~1.2%) from 2009 to 2026, better than the Senate median of ~2.8%, including perfect attendance in 2019. No reporting of heavy paid speeches displacing duties. Low score reflects essentially full attendance.","evidence":[{"claim":"Peters missed 51 of 4,231 roll-call votes (1.2%) from Jan 2009 to May 2026, better than the 2.8% senator median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/gary_peters/412305"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000383","name":"Angus S. King, Jr.","party":"I","chamber":"Senate","state":"ME","score":18,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Angus King (I-ME) actively trades individual stocks: roughly 125 trades since 2014 totaling $1.8M-$2.8M, with household holdings in Marriott, Amazon, UPS, Microsoft, Meta, Eli Lilly and others, which is the primary self-dealing concern given his Energy/Armed Services committee seats. Notably, King cosponsors the bipartisan ETHICS Act that would ban members and families from trading securities, and in 2026 he reportedly divested individual positions. His net worth (estimated ~$22.5M) is substantial but largely reflects index funds and pre-office wealth, and growth tracks market performance rather than anomalous enrichment. No campaign personal-use, missed-vote (1.0% lifetime), or family-lobbying scandals surfaced; his son's renewable-energy career overlaps loosely with King's Energy Committee work but no contract/lobbying tie to the office was documented. Overall a relatively clean record whose main flag is ongoing individual-stock ownership in committee-relevant sectors.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":42,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Trades individual stocks: ~125 trades since 2014 totaling $1.8M-$2.8M; household holdings include Marriott, Amazon, UPS, plus 2026 sales of Microsoft, Meta, Eli Lilly, Netflix, Uber, PayPal, On Holding. Sits on Energy & Natural Resources and Armed Services committees, creating sector overlap (e.g., energy/tech/pharma names). No public finding of suspicious timing or market-beating returns; King cosponsors the ETHICS Act banning member trading and reportedly divested individual stocks in 2026. Moderate score driven by volume and committee-sector overlap, not proven misconduct.","evidence":[{"claim":"King made ~125 trades since 2014 totaling over $1.8M; household holds individual stocks (Marriott, Amazon, UPS); cosponsored ETHICS Act to ban member trading.","sourceUrl":"https://mainemorningstar.com/2023/09/19/maines-u-s-senators-among-stock-holding-members-of-congress-financial-disclosures-show/"},{"claim":"King disclosed Feb/Mar 2026 sales of MSFT, META, LLY, NFLX, UBER, PYPL, ONON via STOCK Act filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Congress+Trade:+Senator+Angus+S.+King+Jr.+Just+Disclosed+New+Stock+Trades"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$22.5M (2026), up from ~$9.5M (2018) estimates, but figures vary widely by source and methodology and a large share sits in index funds (e.g., up to $25M range Vanguard 500) and real estate. King entered the Senate already wealthy (ex-governor, energy entrepreneur); reported monthly market swings (gains and losses of $120K-$515K) track market performance rather than salary-anomalous growth. No evidence of enrichment beyond market/pre-office wealth.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates King worth ~$22.5M (May 2026); holdings include up to $25M in Vanguard 500 Index; 2018 estimate ~$9.5M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Angus%20S.%20King%20Jr.-K000383/net-worth"},{"claim":"Monthly net-worth swings driven by market (e.g., +$370.7K, -$161.4K) reflect portfolio market movement.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/net-worth-update-senator-angus-s-king-jr-made-estimated-3707k-stock-market-last-month"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. King's largest reported donor base is the 'Retired' category and individuals; he sits on Energy & Natural Resources and Armed Services. He advances clean-energy/offshore-wind and defense bills consistent with Maine interests, but no public reporting ties specific industry money concentration to specific votes. No documented quid-pro-quo pattern. Low score reflects ordinary committee/constituency alignment absent concentrated-donor-to-vote evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"King's top donations come from the Retired industry and individuals; committee seats include Armed Services and Energy & Natural Resources.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/angus-king/summary?cid=N00034580"},{"claim":"King advanced offshore-wind revenue-sharing and hydropower bills through the Senate Energy Committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.king.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/senate-energy-committee-passes-king-bill-to-share-offshore-wind-energy-revenues-with-maine-communities"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reporting found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent for personal benefit. King's committee (FEC C00516047) files standard disclosures and King publicly champions campaign-finance reform/transparency. No FEC complaint or investigation surfaced. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Angus King for U.S. Senate Campaign committee files standard FEC reports; no personal-use finding located.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00516047/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":6,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No family lobbying or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to the office was documented. Son Angus King III ran renewable-energy firm Peaks Renewables and is running for Maine governor (2026); his clean-energy career loosely overlaps the senator's Energy Committee focus, but no federal contract or lobbying relationship to the senator's office was shown. A 2012 NRSC ad alleged the senator earlier used connections for a wind-farm federal loan guarantee (pre/early-tenure, contested political ad, not adjudicated). Low score for loose family-sector overlap only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Son Angus King III founded renewable-energy company Peaks Renewables; senator sits on Energy Committee advancing clean-energy bills.","sourceUrl":"https://www.pressherald.com/2025/05/06/angus-king-iii-son-of-u-s-senator-announces-campaign-for-maine-governor/"},{"claim":"2012 NRSC ad alleged King used political connections for a federal loan guarantee on a wind farm (contested campaign ad).","sourceUrl":"https://www.wind-watch.org/newsarchive/2012/09/16/wind-deal-dogs-angus-king/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only 49 of 4,946 roll-call votes (1.0%) from Jan 2013-Jun 2026, better than the 2.8% Senate median. No reporting of heavy paid-speech income displacing duties. Low score reflects a strong attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"King missed 49 of 4,946 roll-call votes (1.0%) Jan 2013-Jun 2026, better than the 2.8% senator median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/angus_king/412545"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"J000294","name":"Hakeem S. Jeffries","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"NY","score":18,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Hakeem Jeffries (D-NY), House Minority Leader, has a household securities-trading record limited to roughly eight disclosed transactions in ETFs and mutual funds (e.g., SDY, REGL, GOVT, VEA) between 2017 and 2020, with no disclosed individual-company stock trades; he has publicly endorsed a congressional stock-trading ban. Independent estimates of his net worth do not support viral claims of $9M-$21.9M; OpenSecrets pegged him near $841,000 in 2018, and his 2024 disclosure shows assets of roughly $295,000-$902,000 against liabilities of $500,000-$1.13M (mortgages and a HELOC), i.e., no documented enrichment beyond salary. His campaign money is heavily concentrated in securities/investment, private equity (Apollo), law firms (Paul Weiss), and pro-Israel donors, with reporting that AIPAC-conduit earmarked donations exceed $1 million over his career, correlating with his consistent pro-Israel aid votes (correlation, not proof of quid pro quo). No FEC personal-use finding specific to Jeffries surfaced; a viral list of large \"travel/entertainment/gifts\" figures reflects ordinary operating spending by a national leader's committee rather than documented personal diversion. His staff-to-lobbyist pipeline is typical of senior leadership and no family lobbying/contracting tied to his office was found; his missed-vote rate of about 2.1% sits at the House median, showing no fundraising-driven absenteeism.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Roughly 8 disclosed household transactions (2017-2020), exclusively in ETFs and mutual funds (SDY, REGL, GOVT, LQD, VEA, VNQ, IUSV) totaling about $113,000; no individual-company stock trades disclosed. Jeffries publicly endorsed banning congressional stock trading. Diversified-fund holdings carry minimal STOCK Act conflict concern.","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat lists ~8 disclosed trades, all ETFs/mutual funds (SDY, REGL, GOVT, LQD, VEA, VNQ, IUSV), ~$113,000 total, dated 2017-2020, with no individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/hakeem-jeffries/"},{"claim":"Jeffries became the first leader of either party to endorse a ban on members of Congress trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/3382569/hakeem-jeffries-supports-ban-stock-trading-congress-members/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No documented wealth growth beyond salary/market returns; if anything net worth declined. OpenSecrets estimated ~$841,000 in 2018; 2024 disclosure shows assets ~$295K-$902K against liabilities of $500K-$1.13M (mortgages/HELOC), an estimated net worth near -$216,500. Viral $9M-$21.9M figures are unsupported by disclosure records.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Jeffries' 2018 net worth at ~$841,012; his 2024 disclosure shows assets of $295,024-$902,000 versus liabilities of $500,005-$1.13M, an estimated net worth around -$216,500.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/hakeem-jeffries-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Reporting found no credible documentation supporting viral claims that Jeffries' net worth reaches $9M, let alone $21.9M.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/hakeem-jeffries-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Campaign money is concentrated in securities/investment (top industry, ~$596,507 in 2021-22), private equity (Apollo ~$200K career), law firms (Paul Weiss >$300K), and pro-Israel donors; AIPAC-conduit earmarked donations reportedly exceed $1 million over his career, correlating with consistent pro-Israel aid votes. No evidence of quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities & Investment was Jeffries' top industry contributor (~$596,507 in 2021-22); Apollo Global Management employees gave nearly $200K and Paul Weiss employees over $300K career-to-date.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2025/04/democratic-leadership-profile-hakeem-jeffries"},{"claim":"AIPAC's PAC has raised more than $1 million for Jeffries through earmarked conduit contributions, beyond the direct $5,000-$10,000 PAC maximum he cited.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2025/11/25/jeffries-misleads-on-aipac-pac-money/"},{"claim":"AIPAC funding correlates with near-unanimous Israel aid votes; Jeffries endorsed supplemental Israel funding and declared support for Israel at the 2023 March for Israel.","sourceUrl":"https://readsludge.com/2025/07/25/aipac-gives-millions-in-pac-donations-to-house-allies-senators-in-2026-races/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No FEC personal-use finding specific to Jeffries was found. A viral social-media list of large 'travel,' 'entertainment,' 'gifts,' and 'meals' figures reflects ordinary operating spending by a national party leader's high-volume committees rather than documented diversion to personal benefit. Leadership-PAC personal-use abuse is a documented sector-wide problem but was not tied to specific Jeffries expenditures in sourced records.","evidence":[{"claim":"Jeffries' committees (Jeffries for Congress C00503052; Jobs, Education & Families First leadership PAC C00617803) file regular FEC reports; no sourced FEC personal-use determination against Jeffries was identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00503052/"},{"claim":"Campaign Legal Center documents that the FEC has broadly failed to apply personal-use rules to leadership PACs, a systemic issue not specifically attributed to Jeffries.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/update/fec-waves-white-flag-yet-another-issue-leadership-pac-abuse"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Staff-to-lobbyist movement typical of senior House leadership; as a freshman Jeffries hired a former patent-association lobbyist to lead his legislative team, and LegiStorm tracks revolving-door staff. No family lobbying or contracting tied to his office was found; his spouse is a social worker at a union benefit fund and his brother is a university professor.","evidence":[{"claim":"As a freshman, Jeffries hired a former patent-protection association lobbyist to lead his legislative team; LegiStorm maintains a revolving-door staff section for his office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/2939/name/Hakeem_Jeffries.html"},{"claim":"Jeffries' wife Kennisandra Arciniegas-Jeffries is a social worker with 1199 SEIU's Benefit Fund and his brother is a history professor at Ohio State; no family lobbying/contracting reported.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakeem_Jeffries"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 158 of 7,516 roll-call votes (about 2.1%) from January 2013 through June 2026, on par with the median for currently serving representatives. No evidence that fundraising or paid speeches drove vote absences.","evidence":[{"claim":"Jeffries missed 158 of 7,516 roll-call votes (2.1%) from Jan 2013 to June 2026, on par with the 2.1% median among currently serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/hakeem_jeffries/412561"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"R000608","name":"Jacky Rosen","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NV","score":18,"coverage":2,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Jacky Rosen (D-NV) presents a largely clean profile on self-dealing metrics. Her investments are concentrated in mutual funds rather than individual stocks; she has not personally bought a stock since taking office and has cosponsored the ETHICS Act to ban congressional stock trading. Her primary documented issues are administrative: late STOCK Act reporting of automatic (corporate-action) trades in 2017, and amending her financial disclosures back to 2018 to add her \"trustee\" title for a family trust whose existence and assets she had already disclosed. Industry-donation patterns (securities/investment lead her donor base) reflect typical incumbent fundraising and constitute correlation, not proof of influence; no credible evidence was found of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying, or fundraising-driven vote absenteeism.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Holdings are dominated by mutual funds, not individual equities. Rosen has not personally bought a stock since taking office and not sold one in over five years. Her only flagged STOCK Act issue: 2017 late reporting of two ~$15K transactions (LogMeIn, Spectra Energy) that were automatic corporate-action trades, reported 50-68 days late. No evidence of suspicious timing, committee-sector overlap, or market-beating active trading. Low score reflects only the historic late-filing lapse.","evidence":[{"claim":"Rosen failed to disclose up to $30,000 in 2017 trades on time; these were automatic trades from mergers/spinoffs (LogMeIn, Spectra Energy), reported 50-68 days late.","sourceUrl":"https://thenevadaglobe.com/articles/the-daily-beast-jacky-rosen-violated-the-stock-act/"},{"claim":"Rosen has not personally bought a stock since being elected and has not sold a stock in more than five years; she cosponsored the ETHICS Act to ban congressional stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jacky%20Rosen-R000608"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Rosen entered office already wealthy (est. ~$10.8M in 2018; ~$6.7M-$20.5M range for 2023). Pre-office wealth is not scored per rubric, and disclosure ranges are too wide to isolate growth beyond salary/market gains. No evidence of enrichment attributable to office. Scored 0 for absence of disqualifying data.","evidence":[{"claim":"Rosen's estimated net worth was ~$10.76M in 2018; her 2023 disclosure implies a range of $6.68M-$20.5M, with holdings concentrated in mutual funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/jacky-rosen/net-worth?cid=N00038734"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Securities & Investment is the top industry contributor to her joint fundraising committee (~$635K in 2024). She sits on Armed Services, Commerce, and Foreign Relations committees, which overlap with finance/defense/tech donor interests. No specific documented quid-pro-quo or anomalous vote tied to a donor was found; score reflects ordinary concentration of incumbent industry money without demonstrated vote-buying.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities & Investment was the top industry contributor to Jacky Rosen Victory Fund in 2024 (~$635,570); top donor was Meruelo Group (~$59,700).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/jacky-rosen-victory-fund/C00772517/2024/industries"},{"claim":"Rosen serves on the Armed Services, Commerce/Science/Transportation, and Foreign Relations committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/jacky-rosen/summary?cid=N00038734"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit. An FEC matter (MUR 7358) referenced excessive in-kind contributions via third-party legal-expense payments, which is a contribution-limit issue, not personal use of campaign money. Rosen has publicly pushed legislation against wasteful campaign self-promotion spending. Scored 0 for absence of disqualifying evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"An FEC matter (MUR 7358) involved alleged excessive in-kind contributions through third-party payment of legal expenses, not personal use of campaign funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/legal/murs/7358/7358_20.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family lobbying, government contracts tied to her office, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Her husband Larry Rosen is a radiologist; her pre-office consulting clients (1993-2002) predate her tenure. The only related item is an administrative failure to list her 'trustee' title for a family trust she had otherwise disclosed since 2016 - not a lobbying/contract conflict. Scored 0 for absence of disqualifying evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Rosen amended disclosures back to 2018 to add her 'trustee' title for the Larry and Jacklyn Rosen Family Trust; the trust's existence and assets had been disclosed since her 2016 campaign. No family lobbying or contracts identified.","sourceUrl":"https://freebeacon.com/democrats/jacky-rosen-reveals-she-filed-false-financial-disclosures-dating-back-to-2018/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Rosen raised heavily during her 2024 reelection (~$7.6M in Q2 2024), but no evidence links fundraising to abnormal vote absenteeism. A documented Senate absence was due to a medical injury, not fundraising. No paid-speech income or systematic missed-vote pattern found. Scored 0 for absence of disqualifying data.","evidence":[{"claim":"Rosen's campaign reported raising $7.6M in Q2 2024; a notable Senate absence was attributed to a medical injury, not fundraising travel.","sourceUrl":"https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/politics-and-government/nevada/rosen-set-fundraising-record-in-second-quarter-campaign-says-3088043/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000377","name":"Mark Kelly","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"AZ","score":18,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Mark Kelly (D-AZ) presents a comparatively clean self-dealing profile: he holds his assets in qualified blind trusts, refuses corporate PAC money, and is a lead sponsor of legislation to ban congressional stock trading, all of which depress his stock-trading and influence scores. His most concrete flag is a 2021 late STOCK Act disclosure, when he reported exercising a Boom Technology stock option roughly four months past the 45-day deadline. His roughly $20 million net worth largely predates his 2020 election (astronaut career, speaking, consulting, and book royalties), so no tenure-based enrichment is scored, and no sourced evidence shows campaign-fund personal use or family/staff revolving-door dealing. Remaining concerns are modest: a slightly above-median missed-vote rate amid heavy fundraising, and defense/aerospace individual-donor concentration that overlaps his committee work but is presented as correlation, not proof.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Kelly holds his assets in qualified blind trusts and is a lead sponsor of the Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act, so he does not actively trade individual stocks. The one notable flag: in 2021 he exercised a stock option in Boom Technology (a firm with a Chinese partner) on April 13 but did not file the required periodic transaction report until August, missing the STOCK Act 45-day deadline. The low score reflects one late-disclosure incident rather than a pattern of active, committee-overlapping trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kelly exercised a Boom Technology stock option April 13, 2021 but did not file the PTR until August, possibly violating the STOCK Act 45-day deadline.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/mark-kelly-transparency-law-violation"},{"claim":"Kelly placed his assets in qualified blind trusts and co-sponsors a bill banning members of Congress from trading stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.kelly.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/kelly-ossoff-reintroduce-congressional-stock-trading-ban/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Kelly's net worth is estimated around $20 million (2025), but his wealth largely predates his 2020 Senate election, deriving from his NASA/astronaut career, paid speaking, consulting (Kelly Aerospace Consulting), and book royalties. Disclosures use broad ranges ($7.7M-$33.6M in 2023) held mostly in blind trusts, and no sourced analysis demonstrates net-worth growth beyond salary and normal market returns during his tenure. Pre-office wealth is excluded from scoring, so no enrichment is attributable to his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kelly's net worth is estimated near $20.4M (Aug 2025); wealth stems largely from his astronaut career, speaking, consulting, and book royalties.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Mark%20Kelly-K000377/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Kelly declines corporate PAC money and built one of the largest individual-donor war chests in the Senate (about $79M in 2022). He received donations from individuals tied to defense/aerospace firms such as Raytheon and Maxar, sectors relevant to Arizona and his Armed Services Committee work. No sourced evidence ties specific votes or bills to these contributions; the score reflects industry-donor concentration in a sector overlapping his committee duties, not demonstrated quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kelly received donations from individuals associated with defense contractor Raytheon and space-tech firm Maxar Technologies despite a no-corporate-PAC pledge.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2019/04/26/mark-kellys-fundraising-highlights-limits-of-no-corporate-pac-pledge/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Kelly's contributions by industry, including securities/investment, lawyers, and defense-related sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/mark-kelly/summary?cid=N00044223"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced reporting was found alleging that Kelly used campaign or leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit. His self-employment income (about $289,000 from Kelly Aerospace Consulting for speeches) is personal business income reported on disclosures, not campaign spending. Absent documented misuse, no penalty is applied.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kelly reported about $289,000 in self-employment income from Kelly Aerospace Consulting (speeches/consulting), a personal LLC, not campaign funds.","sourceUrl":"https://tucson.com/news/local/mark-kellys-finances-take-center-stage-in-arizona-senate-race/article_6ccb08dc-8134-57de-9ea7-3a3371fb6125.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Kelly's wife, former Rep. Gabby Giffords, co-leads the gun-safety advocacy group Giffords, which lobbies on firearms policy, but this is an issue-advocacy nonprofit aligned with their shared cause, not commercial lobbying or contracts tied to Kelly's office. No sourced evidence shows family members or staff converting his office into lobbying business or contracts. No penalty applied absent documented self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gabby Giffords co-founded the gun-control advocacy group Giffords, which engages in policy lobbying.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2019/02/mark-kelly-gun-control-group-giffords-arizona-senate/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Kelly missed 93 of 2,514 roll-call votes (3.7%) over his tenure through mid-2026, modestly above the 2.8% median of currently serving senators. He is also a prolific fundraiser (about $79M in the 2022 cycle) and was vetted as a 2024 VP prospect. The slightly elevated absence rate combined with heavy fundraising yields a low score; GovTrack notes absences are often due to medical or life events rather than fundraising, so causation is not established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kelly missed 93 of 2,514 roll call votes (3.7%), worse than the 2.8% median among currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/mark_kelly/456794"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000367","name":"Amy Klobuchar","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"MN","score":17,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Klobuchar has no documented individual stock trades and co-sponsored the STOCK Act, presenting a clean record on personal market activity. The most-cited accountability concern is the revolving door: trackers report she has employed numerous former/future lobbyists and that staff have moved to firms like Apple, and she was a registered lobbyist herself before the Senate. These are common in Washington and are not evidence of illegality. On stock-based self-dealing she scores low; revolving-door indicators are her most notable flag.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No documented individual-stock trading. MarketBeat's congressional tracker shows 'no trade activity' for Klobuchar; she co-sponsored the STOCK Act.","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat's congressional trading tracker records no individual stock trades or holdings for Klobuchar.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/amy-klobuchar/"},{"claim":"Klobuchar co-sponsored and championed the STOCK Act barring congressional insider trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.klobuchar.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/news-releases?ID=D06C45CD-2179-43C4-BDBC-B072D0EB3187"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reliable public data found documenting net-worth growth beyond salary/market over her tenure. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior Judiciary antitrust voice she receives lobbyist contributions; OpenSecrets tracks her lobbyist-bundled receipts. No specific aligned-vote/quid-pro-quo pattern established in available sources.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks contributions to Klobuchar from registered lobbyists.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2018&id=N00027500"},{"claim":"Campaign finance summary aggregates her industry/donor profile.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/amy-klobuchar/summary?cid=N00027500"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting found alleging personal use of campaign/leadership-PAC funds. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"LegiStorm reports she has employed among the most 'revolving door' staffers in her delegation (~18 since 2000), with staff such as a tech aide moving to Apple's lobbying ranks; she was herself a registered MN lobbyist (1986–1998) pre-Senate. Common practice, not illegality.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm tracks Klobuchar as employing ~18 revolving-door staffers since 2000, the most in the MN delegation; a tech staffer moved to Apple government affairs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/revolving_door_details/member_id/815/name/Amy_Klobuchar.html"},{"claim":"A Klobuchar tech staffer (April Jones) became an Apple lobbyist shortly after she criticized Big Tech lobbying.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/407141/klobuchar-apple-revolving-door-shows-how-congress-enriches-itself/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public data found on elevated missed votes paired with heavy paid speeches/fundraising. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S000033","name":"Bernard Sanders","party":"I","chamber":"Senate","state":"VT","score":17,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Bernie Sanders does not hold or trade individual stocks; his household assets are reported in mutual funds, federal credit union accounts, and annuities, and no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports of individual securities trades are on record. His estimated net worth (roughly $2-3 million) is largely attributable to his Senate salary and substantial book royalties ($148,750 in 2024 alone), which are disclosed lawful income rather than market enrichment tied to his office. OpenSecrets data shows industries such as pharmaceuticals appearing high among his contributors, but reporting confirms this reflects small-dollar donations from rank-and-file employees rather than corporate PACs or executives, which Sanders does not accept. His most cited campaign-spending issue is over $550,000 in 2025 campaign funds for private jet travel (including ~$354,000 to Ventura Jets), which FEC filings categorize as campaign travel for his rallies rather than personal use. Family entanglement concerns center on his wife Jane Sanders advising his campaigns and the now-closed Sanders Institute, which paid his stepson roughly $100,000 annually; the institute suspended operations to avoid the appearance of impropriety. He has missed about 12.7% of lifetime roll-call votes, well above the Senate median, driven largely by his 2016 and 2020 presidential campaigns.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Sanders holds no individual stocks; household assets are in mutual funds, credit union accounts, and annuities. No STOCK Act periodic transaction reports of individual securities trades exist for him or his spouse.","evidence":[{"claim":"Sanders holds no individual stocks; disclosures show only mutual fund stakes in retirement accounts, not individual equities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.benzinga.com/markets/mutual-funds/23/07/33202142/bernie-sanders-doesnt-own-individual-stocks-but-his-mutual-fund-holdings-include-stakes-in-c"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's congressional trading tracker lists no individual stock trades for Bernard Sanders.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Bernard%20Sanders-S000033"},{"claim":"Sanders co-sponsors legislation (ETHICS Act) to bar members of Congress from trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://krishnamoorthi.house.gov/media/press-releases/senators-representatives-unveil-bipartisan-legislation-end-corrupt-stock"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth of ~$2-3M is attributable to Senate salary and disclosed book royalties ($148,750 in 2024), not to market activity or office-linked deals. No evidence of enrichment beyond salary plus lawful royalty income.","evidence":[{"claim":"Sanders' net worth is estimated around $2-3 million, driven by steady Senate salary ($174,000/yr) and recurring book royalties.","sourceUrl":"https://www.thestreet.com/personalities/bernie-sanders-net-worth-14678955"},{"claim":"Sanders earned $148,750 in book royalties in 2024 per his financial disclosure; assets are held in credit union and annuity accounts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/bernie-sanders/net-worth?cid=N00000528"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Industries like pharmaceuticals rank high in OpenSecrets contributor data, but this reflects small-dollar donations from rank-and-file employees, not corporate PACs or executives, which Sanders declines. His legislative record (e.g., drug-pricing bills) runs opposite to those industries' interests.","evidence":[{"claim":"Sanders received no contributions from pharmaceutical PACs or top executives; pharma-coded money came from rank-and-file drug company employees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.statnews.com/2025/02/03/big-pharma-pac-contributions-bernie-sanders-elizabeth-warren-open-secrets-data/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets industry totals combine PAC giving with any $200+ employee donation, inflating apparent industry concentration for Sanders.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/bernie-sanders/summary?cid=N00000528"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Sanders spent over $550,000 of 2025 campaign funds on private jet travel (~$354,000 to Ventura Jets), and $1.9M during his 2020 run. FEC filings categorize this as campaign travel for rallies, not personal use; critics note the high cost but no finding of impermissible personal benefit.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC filings show Sanders spent over $550,000 in 2025 campaign funds on private jets, including at least $354,000 to Ventura Jets, categorized as campaign travel.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/bernie-sanders-spent-over-550k-2025-campaign-funds-private-jets-filings-show"},{"claim":"Sanders' 2020 presidential campaign spent more than $1.9 million on private jet travel.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/bernie-sanders-spent-over-550k-2025-campaign-funds-private-jets-filings-show"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Family ties exist: wife Jane Sanders served in his offices/campaigns as adviser, and the family-run Sanders Institute paid his stepson David Driscoll ~$100,000/yr. Good-government advocates flagged appearance concerns; the institute closed to avoid impropriety. No evidence of family lobbying or contracting for profit tied to his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"The Sanders Institute, co-founded by Jane Sanders, paid stepson David Driscoll $100,000/year and closed to avoid appearance of impropriety.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bernie-sanders-family-institute-shutting-down/"},{"claim":"Jane Sanders has worked for Bernie Sanders as administrative assistant, spokeswoman, policy adviser, and chief of staff over the years.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Sanders"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Sanders missed ~12.7% of lifetime roll-call votes (859 of 6,785), far above the ~2.8% Senate median, concentrated during his 2016 (missed ~71%) and 2020 presidential campaigns when he was fundraising and campaigning heavily. Absences are tied to campaign activity rather than paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Sanders missed 859 of 6,785 roll-call votes (12.7%) since 1991, versus a 2.8% median among sitting senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/bernard_sanders/400357"},{"claim":"Sanders missed about 71% of Senate votes during his 2016 presidential run and had 64% attendance in 2020.","sourceUrl":"https://vtdigger.org/2015/07/10/bernie-sanders-less-present-than-the-average-senator/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001051","name":"John R. Carter","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"TX","score":17,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"John R. Carter (R-TX-31), in the House since 2003, chairs the Appropriations Committee's Military Construction-VA subcommittee and sits on the Defense subcommittee. Trackers show essentially no individual-stock trading, so STOCK Act self-dealing risk is minimal. The clearest accountability signal is a heavy concentration of defense-industry PAC money (General Dynamics, BAE, CACI, Honeywell, Lockheed, Boeing) flowing to a member with direct jurisdiction over defense and military-construction spending — a correlation, not proof of a quid pro quo. His above-median missed-vote rate (5.3% lifetime) and routine constituent-directed earmarks round out the picture; no public reporting surfaced on campaign personal use, family lobbying, or net-worth anomalies.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Trackers report approximately $0 in tracked publicly traded assets and no disclosed individual-stock transactions; his holdings are not active equity trading. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative reports Carter has roughly $0 invested in trackable publicly traded assets, indicating no individual-stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/John%20R.%20Carter-C001051"},{"claim":"Carter's net worth is estimated around $3.5M with no notable equity-trading footprint in disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/John%20R.%20Carter-C001051/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth was ~$3.37M (2018) and ~$3.5M (2026), broadly flat and consistent with ordinary market/asset appreciation; no evidence of growth beyond salary and market returns. No public reporting flags anomalous enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Carter's estimated net worth was ~$3.37M in 2018 and ~$3.5M as of 2026, showing modest change over the period.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/John%20R.%20Carter-C001051/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":47,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Carter chairs the MilCon-VA Appropriations subcommittee and sits on Defense Appropriations while drawing concentrated defense-industry PAC money (General Dynamics, BAE, CACI, Honeywell at $5,000; Lockheed $3,500; Boeing $1,500); PACs supplied ~$387K of ~$1.1M receipts. Donors have direct business before his subcommittees — a sector/jurisdiction overlap, not evidence of a quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top defense PAC donors (General Dynamics, BAE, CACI, Honeywell, Lockheed, Boeing) gave to Carter, who chairs MilCon-VA and sits on Defense Appropriations; PACs were ~$387K of ~$1.1M total receipts.","sourceUrl":"https://legis1.com/news/follow-the-money-defense-pacs-and-a-10-way-primary-define-the-fight-for-john-carter-texass-congressional-seat/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets categorizes defense-sector PAC contributions to Carter's campaign committee.","sourceUrl":"http://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/john-carter/pacs?cid=N00025095&cycle=2016&seclong=Defense&sector=D"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting, FEC enforcement, or watchdog findings surfaced indicating personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate profile shows Carter's committee filings with no surfaced personal-use enforcement actions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2TX31044/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting found tying family members to lobbying or office-linked contracts, nor a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline specific to Carter. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm staff directory for Carter shows no surfaced family-lobbying or notable revolving-door reporting.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/166/name/John_Carter.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Carter missed 803 of 15,074 roll-call votes (5.3%) over 2003-2026, well above the ~2.1% median; a 2023 stretch of 100+ missed votes was attributed to a viral infection. No evidence of paid speeches; elevated absences but with a medical explanation for the largest gap.","evidence":[{"claim":"Carter missed 803 of 15,074 roll-call votes (5.3%), versus a 2.1% median for current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_carter/400068"},{"claim":"A spokesperson said Carter missed 100+ votes in 2023 while under a doctor's care for a viral infection.","sourceUrl":"https://kdhnews.com/news/local/carter-opponent-decries-lack-of-voting-attendance-carter-spokesperson-says-had-viral-infection/article_6dc38c40-67af-11ee-9e8e-0b20086a843b.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001208","name":"Elissa Slotkin","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"MI","score":17,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Elissa Slotkin (D-MI), a former CIA analyst and Pentagon official, took her Senate seat in January 2025 and sits on the Armed Services, Agriculture, Homeland Security, and Veterans' Affairs committees. Her financial profile is modest by congressional standards: trackers estimate her net worth around $463K, and her disclosed publicly-traded holdings (IBM, Kyndryl — an IBM spinoff, plus bank deposits) are small and show no evidence of active individual-stock trading, keeping self-dealing risk on trading low. The most substantive accountability flags are spouse-related: her then-husband worked for Emissary LLC, a consulting firm awarded government contracts largely after she took office in 2019, and she filed amended disclosures in 2022 (attributed to a \"clerical error\") after omitting his employment for two years. A separate FEC complaint alleging campaign-funds personal use via below-market rent from a lobbyist/donor was dismissed, with the Commission finding no reason to believe a violation occurred. Overall the record is comparatively clean, with the spouse-contractor overlap being the main correlation-not-proof concern.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence of active individual-stock trading. Disclosures show small, apparently passively-held positions (up to $50K IBM, up to $15K Kyndryl — an IBM spinoff, consistent with a legacy holding) plus bank deposits; trackers estimate only ~$7K in live trackable public equities. No pattern of volume, committee-sector timing, or market-beating trades found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Slotkin's disclosure lists up to $50K IBM and up to $15K Kyndryl common stock; trackable public-equity portfolio ~$7.1K, net worth ~$463K.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Elissa+Slotkin+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative trading-activity profile for Slotkin shows no significant individual stock trade history.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Elissa%20Slotkin-S001208"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary and market. Trackers estimate net worth around $463K, low for Congress, and there is no documented abnormal accumulation during her tenure. Insufficient longitudinal data to score positively; absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Slotkin's net worth at ~$463.1K (Sept 2025), ranking 397th in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Elissa+Slotkin+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Slotkin raised heavily ($23M+ in the 2024 Senate cycle) and sits on Armed Services as ranking member of the Emerging Threats subcommittee, jurisdiction overlapping defense/national-security donors. OpenSecrets tracks her industry donors but specific defense-sector concentration tied to specific votes was not isolatable from available data; flag reflects committee-sector exposure, not demonstrated quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Slotkin serves on Senate Armed Services and is ranking member of the Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Capabilities (defense jurisdiction).","sourceUrl":"https://breakingdefense.com/2025/10/whos-who-in-defense-elissa-slotkin-ranking-member-senate-armed-services-sasc-subcommittee-on-emerging-threats-and-capabilities/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains Slotkin's industry donor and campaign-finance profile (2024 cycle committee raised $23.3M).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/elissa-slotkin/summary?cid=N00041357"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"An FEC complaint alleged Slotkin converted campaign funds to personal use via below-market rent from a lobbyist/donor (Hollister) during her 2022 House race. The FEC found no reason to believe a violation occurred, concluding she paid fair market value. Complaint existed but was dismissed; low residual concern.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC complaint alleged below-market rent from a lobbyist/donor amounted to personal use of campaign funds; Commission found no reason to believe a violation, finding fair-market-value rent.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/rumored-senate-candidate-elissa-slotkin-divorce-husband-after-moving-home-lobbyist-donor"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Slotkin's then-husband, Dave Moore, worked for Emissary LLC, a management-consulting firm; per USASpending it was awarded millions in government contracts, most after Slotkin took office in January 2019. She filed amended 2020 and 2021 disclosures in 2022 (after a Fox News inquiry) that had omitted his employment, which her office attributed to a clerical error. Family-income overlap with federal contractors tied to her tenure is documented; intent/influence not established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Slotkin's husband worked for Emissary LLC, awarded millions in government contracts mostly after she took office in 2019; she amended 2020-2021 disclosures that had omitted his employment.","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/elissa-slotkin-amends-financial-disclosure-failing-document-husbands-employment-two-years"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No specific 2025 Senate missed-votes percentage was retrievable from GovTrack in available data, and no evidence of a pattern of skipping votes for fundraising or paid speeches was found. One isolated missed vote series (July 2025 Israel arms resolutions) was noted but does not establish a pattern. Absence of data; not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack maintains Slotkin's voting/attendance record; she missed a July 2025 vote series on arms-sale disapproval resolutions, but no overall missed-votes rate was available.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/elissa_slotkin/412784"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"W000790","name":"Raphael G. Warnock","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"GA","score":17,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Raphael Warnock (D-GA), in office since January 2021, shows a relatively clean self-dealing profile. He reports no individual-stock trading and has co-sponsored/championed legislation banning congressional stock trading. His net worth has roughly doubled since taking office, but the growth is largely attributable to documented book royalties (a memoir and children's book earning well over $1 million) plus mortgage/asset value shifts rather than market trading or unexplained windfalls. The clearest accountability notes are modest: a slightly above-median missed-vote rate (about 4% vs. a 2.8% Senate median) coinciding with record-setting fundraising, and criticism that his pledge to refuse corporate PAC money is undercut by accepting funds from leadership PACs and lobbyists that are themselves corporate-financed (correlation, not proof). No FEC personal-use findings or family-lobbying/revolving-door scandals were identified in public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trades or STOCK Act periodic transaction reports found; Quiver Quantitative shows zero trades/holdings. Warnock co-sponsored and championed a ban on congressional stock trading. Clean record scores 0.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative congressional-trading profile shows no trades, volume, or disclosed individual-stock holdings for Warnock.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Raphael%20G.%20Warnock-W000790"},{"claim":"Warnock co-led the Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act requiring members/spouses to divest or use a blind trust.","sourceUrl":"https://www.warnock.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/senators-reverend-warnock-ossoff-lead-the-way-on-introducing-bill-banning-stock-trading-by-members-of-congress/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth roughly doubled (about $1M in 2020 toward $1.9-2.2M by 2024), but growth is largely traceable to disclosed book royalties (~$655K in 2022 alone; >$1.5M memoir+children's book over 2022-23) plus property/asset value, not trading or unexplained gains. Modest score reflects above-salary growth with a documented, legitimate income source.","evidence":[{"claim":"Disclosure shows ~$655,000 in 2022 book royalties and net worth ~40% higher than his 2020 filing; no blind trust or individual-stock trading noted.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ajc.com/politics/book-royalties-blind-trust-among-assets-in-ossoff-warnock-disclosures/FYX3OMCOT5GEJNLYUSIQWY66LA/"},{"claim":"Reporting indicates net worth jumped from just over $1M in 2020 to roughly $2.2M by 2024, with memoir/children's book earning over $1.5M in 2022-23.","sourceUrl":"https://www.valuewalk.com/rev-warnock-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Warnock sits on Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs and other finance-adjacent panels and draws large tech/finance/lawyer donations (Alphabet was a top Warnock Victory Fund donor). He pledged to refuse corporate PAC money but accepted six-figure sums from leadership PACs and lobbyists (Amazon, AT&T, Pfizer, CVS, Carlyle) that are corporate-financed. No specific quid-pro-quo or vote-buying established.","evidence":[{"claim":"Warnock took $317K+ (2021) from leadership PACs backed by corporate PACs and $8,400 from corporate lobbyists (Amazon, AT&T, Pfizer, CVS, Carlyle) despite a no-corporate-PAC pledge.","sourceUrl":"https://dailycaller.com/2022/08/13/raphael-warnock-reject-corporate-pac-money/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets links his committee assignments to Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs and Finance; Alphabet was a top Warnock Victory Fund donor ($309,500 in 2022).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/raphael-warnock/summary?cid=N00046489"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC findings, complaints, or credible reporting of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent for personal benefit were located. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate overview and OpenSecrets summary show no personal-use enforcement actions; no such reporting found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S0GA00559/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence found of family members lobbying, contracts tied to his office, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Standard lobbyist contributions exist but no documented revolving-door conflict. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets lobbyist-contribution and staff data show no documented family-lobbying or office-linked contracts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2022&id=N00046489"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Warnock missed about 4.0% of roll-call votes (98 of 2,467, Jan 2021-Jun 2026), above the 2.8% serving-senator median, partly during intense campaign periods that coincided with record-setting fundraising (>$13.6M in Q1 2022). Above-median absenteeism alongside heavy fundraising warrants a modest score.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack: Warnock missed 98 of 2,467 votes (4.0%), worse than the 2.8% median for serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/raphael_warnock/456858"},{"claim":"Warnock raised over $13.6M in Q1 2022, a record for a Senate candidate in the first quarter of an election year.","sourceUrl":"https://www.gwinnettdailypost.com/local/politics/u-s-sen-raphael-warnock-posts-record-setting-first-quarter-fundraising/article_065264cc-6d4e-5634-96b7-28d117b092e0.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001067","name":"Yvette D. Clarke","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"NY","score":16,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Yvette D. Clarke (D-NY9), in office since 2007, presents a largely clean financial-accountability record. Public trackers show no individual-stock STOCK Act trading; her disclosed assets have historically been mutual funds, removing the most common self-dealing vector. The most notable historical issue was a 2013 trip to Azerbaijan that became the subject of a 2015 Office of Congressional Ethics referral after undisclosed funders (later tied to Azerbaijan's state oil company SOCAR) emerged; the House Ethics Committee reviewed and absolved the traveling members of wrongdoing. As a senior member of the Energy and Commerce Committee she draws telecom/tech-sector contributions, a routine correlation (not proof) of influence; no recent FEC personal-use enforcement, family-lobbying, or net-worth-spike findings surfaced. Her lifetime missed-vote rate (3.7%) is modestly above the chamber median but not indicative of fundraising-driven absenteeism.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trades found on congressional trade trackers; disclosed assets are mutual funds (e.g., Invesco funds in 2018 filing), not single equities. No STOCK Act PTRs for individual stocks.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's congressional trading page for Clarke shows no individual-stock trade records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Yvette%20D.%20Clarke-C001067"},{"claim":"Her 2018 financial disclosure lists mutual fund holdings (Invesco Cap A Fund, Invesco Oppenheimer Discovery Fund) rather than individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/yvette-clarke/reports?cid=N00026961&year=2018"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market. Estimated net worth has been modest (~$207K in 2018 estimates); a 2009 amended disclosure actually reduced her reported assets. No data showing abnormal enrichment over tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finances data estimated Clarke's net worth around $207,501 (2018), a modest figure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/yvette-clarke/net-worth?cid=N00026961"},{"claim":"Clarke filed an amended disclosure in 2009 that corrected an erroneous multi-million-dollar entry, lowering reported assets to a minimum of ~$33,000.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2009/09/11/clarke-amends-financial-disclosure-loses-millionaire-status/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior Energy & Commerce Committee member (Communications & Technology subcommittee), Clarke draws contributions from telecom/tech/media interests she helps regulate, a common sector-committee alignment. No specific quid-pro-quo evidence found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Clarke is a senior member of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, including the Communications and Technology subcommittee, overseeing telecom/tech industries that contribute to her.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvette_Clarke"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks her industry contributions for the 2023-2024 cycle, including communications/tech sector donors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/yvette-clarke/industries?cid=N00026961&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement action or credible reporting of campaign/leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit was found in public records.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee overview for Clarke for Congress shows no public personal-use enforcement findings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00415331/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No family-lobbying or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline issues found. Lone relevant item: a 2015 OCE referral over a May 2013 Azerbaijan/Turkey trip whose true funders (undisclosed entities later tied to state oil company SOCAR) were improperly concealed; the House Ethics Committee reviewed and cleared the travelers.","evidence":[{"claim":"OCE transmitted a May 2015 referral on Clarke's 2013 Azerbaijan/Turkey travel after undisclosed entities appeared to fund the trip in violation of House rules.","sourceUrl":"https://conduct.house.gov/reports/investigations/oce-referral-regarding-rep-yvette-clarke"},{"claim":"The Ethics Committee absolved the 10 Azerbaijan travelers of wrongdoing and referred third-party matters to DOJ; SOCAR funding was later confirmed via a 2018 indictment.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2015/11/ethics-watchdogs-call-for-halt-to-lawmakers-privately-sponsored-overseas-travel/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 3.7% (465 of 12,653 roll calls, 2007-2026), modestly above the ~2.1% median for current representatives, but not extreme and no evidence tying absences to fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack reports Clarke missed 465 of 12,653 roll-call votes (3.7%), worse than the 2.1% median for current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/yvette_clarke/412221"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C000537","name":"James E. Clyburn","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"SC","score":16,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"James E. Clyburn (D-SC6), a House member since 1993 and former Majority Whip, has a relatively clean self-dealing profile by available public records. He is not a notable individual-stock trader; trackers and disclosures show modest holdings concentrated in real estate, book income, and funds rather than active securities trading, and his estimated net worth (roughly $2-3M) is consistent with a long tenure including leadership stipends and authored books rather than anomalous enrichment. As a senior appropriator and leadership figure he raises substantial PAC money and runs a leadership PAC (BRIDGE PAC), creating standard influence-of-money correlations but no documented quid pro quo or personal-use scandal. His daughter Mignon Clyburn's post-FCC telecom lobbying is a revolving-door data point but stems from her own regulatory career, not a contract or lobbying tie to his House office; his vote-attendance and fundraising profile show no red flags.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence Clyburn is an active individual-stock trader. Trackers list only modest tracked holdings (~$233K) with no populated buy/sell transaction history; reporting describes his finances as dominated by real estate, book royalties, and funds rather than securities trading. No committee-sector-overlap or timing concerns identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative tracks ~$233.6K in publicly traded assets but shows no populated individual-stock trade transactions for Clyburn.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/James%20E.%20Clyburn-C000537"},{"claim":"SC delegation finance reporting characterizes members' disclosures as including book deals, real estate, and stocks, with Clyburn's wealth tied to book income and real estate.","sourceUrl":"https://scdailygazette.com/2023/11/14/book-deals-real-estate-stocks-scs-members-of-congress-report-their-finances/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Net worth rose from roughly $189K (2017 OpenSecrets estimate) to an estimated $2-3M, but the gain is plausibly explained by leadership pay, real-estate appreciation, and multiple published books (a memoir and others) rather than office-derived enrichment beyond salary/market. Disclosure ranges are wide and no specific anomaly is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Clyburn's 2017 net worth around $189,504; later estimates place it near $2-3M, consistent with book income and real estate.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/james-clyburn/net-worth?cid=N00002408&year=2017"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior appropriator and former Whip, Clyburn raises substantial PAC and lobbyist money and runs BRIDGE PAC, giving industry donors routine access. OpenSecrets documents PAC/lobbyist contributions, but no documented vote-for-money quid pro quo exists; influence here is the structural norm for a senior leader, not evidence of specific self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets details Clyburn's top contributors, industries, PAC share, and lobbyist contributions across cycles.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/james-e-clyburn/summary?cid=N00002408"},{"claim":"Clyburn is associated with BRIDGE PAC, a Democratic leadership PAC that channels donor money to allies.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/lookup2.php?strID=C00399196"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented FEC complaint or reporting alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Clyburn. General reporting notes the FEC broadly under-enforces leadership-PAC personal-use rules, but no specific Clyburn finding exists.","evidence":[{"claim":"No Clyburn-specific personal-use allegation found; coverage of leadership-PAC personal-use enforcement is general, not directed at BRIDGE PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/update/fec-waves-white-flag-yet-another-issue-leadership-pac-abuse"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"His daughter Mignon Clyburn lobbies/consults for telecom (e.g., T-Mobile-Sprint merger) via her firm after FCC service, a revolving-door data point. However, this derives from her own regulatory career, not a contract or lobbying engagement tied to her father's House office; no documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline exploiting his office was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Mignon Clyburn, daughter of Rep. Clyburn, formed a consulting/lobbying firm after the FCC and advised T-Mobile on its Sprint merger.","sourceUrl":"https://www.techdirt.com/2019/02/06/revolving-door-spins-hard-fccs-clyburn-now-lobbying-t-mobile/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Clyburn missed 3.5% of roll-call votes from 1993-2026 (739 of 20,916), modestly above the ~2.1% median for sitting members, with some absences attributed to family caregiving/bereavement. He fundraises actively as a leader, but the missed-vote rate is not extreme and shows no pattern of skipping votes for paid events.","evidence":[{"claim":"Clyburn missed 739 of 20,916 roll-call votes (3.5%) from Jan 1993 to May 2026, vs a ~2.1% median; some absences tied to spousal care/bereavement.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/james_clyburn/400075"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000562","name":"Stephen F. Lynch","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"MA","score":16,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Stephen F. Lynch (D-MA8), a House Financial Services Committee member since the early 2000s and currently lead Democrat on the Subcommittee on Digital Assets, Financial Technology, and Artificial Intelligence, has a relatively clean financial-conduct record. His individual-stock trading is minimal—publicly tracked transactions consist of a May 2024 NVDA purchase ($1,001–$15,000, held in an IRA) that subsequently rose ~120%, and a 2023 VMware sale—though the NVDA/AI position notably overlaps with his fintech/AI subcommittee jurisdiction. His estimated net worth (~$1.3M, 308th in Congress) is modest with no evidence of growth beyond salary/market, and no FEC personal-use violations, family-lobbying ties, or revolving-door findings surfaced (a separate \"FEC v. Lynch\" case involves an unrelated Florida candidate). Industry-aligned contributions exist (lawyers/law firms, finance sector) consistent with his committee role, which is correlation rather than proof of self-dealing.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Very low trading volume: a May 2024 NVDA purchase ($1,001-$15,000, in IRA) that rose ~120% within 90 days, plus a 2023 VMware sale. Score elevated modestly because the AI/tech NVDA position overlaps his role as lead Democrat on the Financial Services Digital Assets/Fintech/AI subcommittee, though volume is small and held in a retirement account.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lynch purchased $1,001-$15,000 of NVIDIA on May 22, 2024 in his IRA; stock rose ~120% afterward.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/stephen-lynch/"},{"claim":"Lynch is lead Democrat (Ranking Member) on the Subcommittee on Digital Assets, Financial Technology, and Artificial Intelligence.","sourceUrl":"https://lynch.house.gov/2025/1/rep-lynch-named-lead-democrat-on-digital-assets-financial-technology-and-artificial-intelligence-subcommittee"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$1.3M (308th in Congress), with major assets being a primary-residence-type property and Vanguard/IRA retirement funds. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary plus normal market returns over tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lynch's estimated net worth is ~$1.3M as of June 2026, ranking 308th in Congress; holdings are largely real estate and retirement accounts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+Stephen+F.+Lynch+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Lynch is a senior Financial Services Committee member; historical top industries include lawyers/law firms and finance/securities-sector donors consistent with committee jurisdiction. No specific quid-pro-quo vote alignment documented; he has often pushed for tighter crypto regulation, cutting against a simple donor-capture narrative.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lynch is a senior member of House Financial Services and has emphasized risks of the unregulated crypto sector, indicating regulatory (not deregulatory) posture.","sourceUrl":"https://www.investing.com/news/company-news/stephen-lynch-acquires-nvidia-corporation-stocks-for-his-ira-93CH-3457147"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Lynch's top industries; lawyers/law firms historically his top contributing industry.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/stephen-lynch/summary?cid=N00013855"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit. A widely-indexed 'FEC v. Lynch' personal-use enforcement case involves an unrelated Florida candidate (Edward Lynch), not Rep. Stephen F. Lynch of Massachusetts. Recent FEC reports show ordinary campaign spending.","evidence":[{"claim":"The FEC v. Lynch personal-use case concerns Edward Lynch, Sr. / Lynch for Congress in Florida, not the Massachusetts congressman.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/updates/fec-v-lynch-new/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family members lobbying or holding office-tied contracts, and no notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline surfaced in available public records.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 3.4% (529 of 15,676 roll calls), modestly above the 2.1% median for sitting representatives but within a normal range. Q1 2026 fundraising of ~$160K with $1.2M cash on hand is routine; no evidence of heavy paid speeches displacing legislative work.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lynch missed 3.4% of roll-call votes (529 of 15,676) from 2001-2026, worse than the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/stephen_lynch/400249"},{"claim":"Lynch raised $159.9K and held $1.2M cash on hand per Q1 2026 FEC disclosure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+Stephen+F.+Lynch+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001160","name":"Gwen Moore","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"WI","score":16,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Gwen Moore (D-WI-4), in office since 2005 and a member of the powerful Ways and Means Committee, is among the least wealthy members of Congress, with disclosures showing negative-to-near-zero net worth and no individual-stock trading, so the self-dealing concerns most common to wealthy members (stock trades, net-worth enrichment) do not apply to her. Her most documented accountability issue is her leadership PAC, GWEN PAC, which drew formal ethics complaints from the Campaign Legal Center (2021) and the Foundation for Accountability and Civic Trust (2024) alleging it functioned as a \"scam PAC,\" spending the large majority of funds on operating costs, food and travel (including payments to her sister) rather than on candidates; the FEC voted to dismiss the personal-use allegations and closed the matter in February 2025. She also has an elevated missed-vote rate (6.4% in 2023-24, highest in Wisconsin's delegation; 4.8% lifetime vs. a 2.1% median). Overall her record shows no evidence of trading-based or wealth-based self-dealing, with the leadership-PAC spending pattern the only notable—though officially unresolved/dismissed—concern.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No periodic transaction reports filed; Moore is not an individual-stock trader. Reporting on Wisconsin's delegation confirms she has filed no STOCK Act trade reports, and her disclosures show essentially no securities holdings. Per rubric, 0 for no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Among Wisconsin's U.S. House members including Gwen Moore, none filed periodic transaction (stock trade) reports in the past year.","sourceUrl":"https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/04/15/wealthy-u-s-rep-wied-keeps-aggressively-trading-stocks-a-bipartisan-bill-would-ban-the-practice/"},{"claim":"Moore's only reported asset was ~$17,000 in the Wisconsin pension system; no individual stocks reported.","sourceUrl":"https://thebadgerproject.org/the-net-worth-of-rep-gwen-moore-democrat-of-milwaukee/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Moore is consistently ranked among the least wealthy members of Congress, with reported net worth around negative/near-zero (e.g., -$75,001 estimate for 2017), a mortgage, and a small state pension. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary over her tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moore is one of the least wealthy members of Congress; 2017 estimated net worth about -$75,001, with a $50k-$100k mortgage and ~$17k pension.","sourceUrl":"https://thebadgerproject.org/the-net-worth-of-rep-gwen-moore-democrat-of-milwaukee/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finance profile tracks Moore's net worth among the lowest in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/gwen-moore/net-worth?cid=N00026914"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Moore sits on the tax-writing Ways and Means Committee, which oversees banking, tax, trade and entitlements—sectors that fund many committee members. OpenSecrets tracks her contributors and industries, but detailed industry-concentration and aligned-vote linkage is not available from public summaries, so a specific quid-pro-quo pattern cannot be substantiated.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moore sits on the Ways and Means Committee overseeing tax, banking, tariffs, trade and entitlement revenue.","sourceUrl":"https://thebadgerproject.org/the-net-worth-of-rep-gwen-moore-democrat-of-milwaukee/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains Moore's campaign-finance contributor and industry breakdown.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/gwen-moore/summary?cid=N00026914"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Two ethics watchdogs (Campaign Legal Center 2021; FACT 2024) filed formal complaints alleging her leadership PAC, GWEN PAC, functioned as a 'scam PAC,' spending only ~5% (2024 cycle) on candidates while the bulk went to operating costs, food, travel, alcohol, hotels and a wine-country resort, plus $53,150 in consulting including payments to her sister. The FEC voted in Jan. 2025 to dismiss the personal-use allegation and closed the matter; no violation was found, so the concern is documented but officially unresolved/dismissed.","evidence":[{"claim":"FACT complaint: GWEN PAC gave only $14,500 (5%) to political committees in 2024 cycle, spending nearly 8x more on food/travel and $53,150 on consulting including payments to Moore's sister.","sourceUrl":"https://www.factdc.org/post/fact-calls-for-investigation-into-rep-moore-s-gwen-pac-for-operating-as-a-scam-pac"},{"claim":"FEC voted Jan. 8, 2025 to dismiss the allegation that Moore/GWEN PAC converted contributions to personal use and closed the file effective Feb. 7, 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/legal/murs/8284/8284_09.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"The one documented office-to-family financial tie is GWEN PAC's consulting payments to Moore's sister, raised in the ethics complaints (FEC dismissed). No evidence found of family members lobbying her office or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to official acts; LegiStorm revolving-door data is paywalled and was not verifiable.","evidence":[{"claim":"GWEN PAC paid consulting fees, including payments to Representative Moore's sister, per the FACT complaint.","sourceUrl":"https://www.factdc.org/post/fact-calls-for-investigation-into-rep-moore-s-gwen-pac-for-operating-as-a-scam-pac"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Moore has an elevated absence rate: 6.4% missed votes in 2023-24 (highest in Wisconsin's House delegation, top ~15% of the House) and 4.8% lifetime vs. a 2.1% median for sitting members, though her rate varies by Congress (1.5% in 2021-22). No evidence of paid speeches; the elevated absences alone moderately elevate this score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Moore missed 666 of 13,867 votes (4.8%) lifetime vs. a 2.1% median; 6.4% in 2023-24, highest in Wisconsin's delegation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/gwen_moore/400661"},{"claim":"Moore had the highest absentee rate among Wisconsin representatives in 2023-24 at 6.4%.","sourceUrl":"https://thebadgerproject.org/2026/05/05/percentage-of-missed-votes-by-wisconsin-members-of-congress-in-2023-24/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001257","name":"Gus M. Bilirakis","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"FL","score":15,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Gus Bilirakis (R-FL12), in the House since 2007 and a senior member of the Energy and Commerce Committee, presents a largely clean financial-conduct record. His reported net worth (estimated under $100K in disclosures) is modest, and aggregator data shows minimal-to-no active individual-stock trading, with no documented committee-sector timing concerns. His top campaign donors track his Energy and Commerce jurisdiction (health, electronics/communications, insurance), which is a correlation rather than evidence of vote-selling; he has also co-sponsored the STOCK Act and bipartisan \"zombie campaign\" reform. He carries a low lifetime missed-vote rate (~2.3%, near the chamber median), and no substantiated personal-use, family-lobbying, or revolving-door findings tied to his office were located in public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Aggregators list very limited individual-stock activity (one source references ~37 transactions historically, but Quiver/Congress trackers show no active/material disclosed portfolio and no recent trades). No documented committee-sector timing or market-beating returns. Scored low rather than zero given ambiguous trade history; data quality is weak.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bilirakis trading-activity tracker page shows no material active portfolio or recent disclosed trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Gus%20M.%20Bilirakis-B001257"},{"claim":"Congress Stock Tracker references his STOCK Act PTR filings with limited disclosed trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congressstock.com/politicians/gus-m-bilirakis/net-worth?year=2018"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated his 2018 net worth at roughly $96,016 (ranked 296th in the House) — modest holdings (commercial bank stock, real estate, empty lots). No evidence of growth beyond salary/market over tenure; low estimated wealth argues against enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated 2018 net worth ~$96,016, ranking 296th in House, with modest bank/real-estate holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/gus-bilirakis/net-worth?cid=N00027462"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior Energy and Commerce member (Health, Communications & Technology, Consumer Protection subcommittees), his top-donor industries concentrate in sectors he regulates — health professionals/pharma, electronics/communications, and insurance. Typical of a committee veteran; no specific quid-pro-quo documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bilirakis is a senior Energy and Commerce member with leadership on health and commerce subcommittees regulating his top-donor sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://energycommerce.house.gov/representatives/bilirakis"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets industry/contributor data shows donor concentration in regulated sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/gus-bilirakis/summary?cid=N00027462"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No substantiated personal-use finding tied to Bilirakis was located; an FEC MUR surfaced in search did not clearly establish a personal-use violation by him. He co-sponsored bipartisan 'zombie campaign' reform restricting personal use of leftover campaign funds. No data to score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bilirakis co-sponsored bipartisan legislation restricting personal use of dormant ('zombie') campaign accounts.","sourceUrl":"https://floridapolitics.com/archives/748286-gus-bilirakis-kathy-castor-again-file-bipartisan-legislation-to-say-hec-no-to-zombie-campaigns/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"His father, former Rep. Michael Bilirakis (FL, 1983-2007), preceded him in the same seat; Gus took over the family law practice (probate/estate). No documented active family lobbying contracts or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline directly tied to his office were confirmed. Family political dynasty noted; concrete office-tied lobbying evidence is thin.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gus Bilirakis succeeded his father Rep. Michael Bilirakis and took over the family Bilirakis Law Group practice.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gus_Bilirakis"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Low absenteeism: missed 296 of 12,653 roll-call votes (~2.3%) from 2007-2026, near the chamber median of ~2.1%. No evidence of heavy paid-speech income or fundraising displacing legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bilirakis missed 2.3% of roll-call votes (296 of 12,653) 2007-2026, on par with the ~2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/gus_bilirakis/412250"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000197","name":"Diana DeGette","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CO","score":15,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Diana DeGette (D-CO1), in the House since 1997 and a senior member of the Energy & Commerce Committee, shows a largely clean self-dealing profile. STOCK Act trackers show no individual-stock trades; her disclosed assets are diversified index funds and ETFs (e.g., Vanguard 500, iShares bond ETFs), so stock-trading and net-worth-enrichment concerns are minimal. The most notable item is heavy campaign funding from health professionals, pharmaceuticals, and law/lobbying firms aligned with her Health Subcommittee work, which represents correlation rather than proof of quid pro quo. No FEC violations, campaign-fund personal-use findings, or family-lobbying ties were located in public records; her vote-attendance record (3.7% missed lifetime) is modestly worse than the House median but not paired with documented excessive paid outside fundraising.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock STOCK Act trades reported. Quiver Quantitative shows zero trades; disclosed holdings are diversified index/mutual funds and bond ETFs (Vanguard 500, iShares Core US Aggregate Bond), not single stocks. Per rubric, 0 if no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative shows no individual stock trades for DeGette; trade table is empty.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Diana%20DeGette-D000197"},{"claim":"Disclosed assets are index/bond funds such as Vanguard 500 Index and iShares Core US Aggregate Bond ETF.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/diana-degette/assets?cid=N00006134&year=2018"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$3.1M (2018; range $1.7M-$4.5M), held largely in diversified index funds consistent with market-driven growth over a long (since-1997) tenure on a congressional salary plus spousal income. No evidence of growth beyond salary+market; low score reflects absence of documented anomalous enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"DeGette's 2018 estimated net worth was about $3.1M, ranked 101st in the House.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/diana-degette/net-worth?cid=N00006134"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As a senior Energy & Commerce / Health Subcommittee member, DeGette draws concentrated funding from health professionals (~$174,634 in 2023-24), pharmaceuticals, and law/lobbying firms (top career donor Brownstein Hyatt; DaVita among top givers). PAC money was ~64% of 2023-24 receipts. Sector overlap with her health-policy jurisdiction is clear, but no documented quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Health Professionals gave ~$174,634 in 2023-24; PACs were ~64% of receipts; top donors include Brownstein Hyatt and DaVita.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/diana-degette/summary?cid=N00006134"},{"claim":"Critics (Justice Democrats) note DeGette has taken corporate PAC money including pharmaceutical, fossil fuel, and defense lobbies.","sourceUrl":"https://theintercept.com/2025/12/04/denver-primary-melat-kiros-diana-degette-justice-democrats/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting of FEC personal-use violations or improper campaign/leadership-PAC spending on personal benefit was located. Absence is not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee filings exist with no identified personal-use violations or controversies in public records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00311639/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Husband Lino Lipinsky is a Colorado Court of Appeals judge, not a lobbyist; no family lobbying/contracts tied to her office found. One ethics-adjacent note: spouse accompanied her on seven interest-group-sponsored trips, but this is disclosed travel, not a lobbying-contract pipeline. No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline located.","evidence":[{"claim":"DeGette's husband Lino Lipinsky is a Colorado judge; he joined her on seven interest-group-sponsored trips abroad.","sourceUrl":"https://cnsmaryland.org/2024/09/22/when-house-members-travel-the-globe-on-private-dime-families-often-go-too/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"GovTrack: missed 675 of 18,485 roll-call votes (3.7%) over 1997-2026, modestly worse than the 2.1% median of currently-serving representatives. No evidence this is tied to heavy paid speeches or outside fundraising; low-moderate score reflects above-median absences without an established fundraising linkage.","evidence":[{"claim":"DeGette missed 3.7% of roll-call votes (675 of 18,485), worse than the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/diana_degette/400101"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000616","name":"Scott DesJarlais","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"TN","score":15,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Scott DesJarlais (R-TN-04, House since 2011) has a comparatively low self-dealing profile on the available public record. His only disclosed individual-stock activity is two sales in October 2025 (UPS and PepsiCo, ~$16K-$65K combined), consumer/logistics names with no overlap to his Agriculture or Armed Services committees, so stock-trading risk is modest. His OpenSecrets-estimated net worth is modest (six figures), with no evidence of growth beyond salary and ordinary market gains. Industry donations (notably agribusiness and McKee Foods, a district employer) align with his committee work but show no documented quid-pro-quo, and no public record indicates campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying, or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. The one elevated metric is attendance: he has missed about 4.8% of roll-call votes since 2011, roughly double the chamber median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Only two disclosed individual-stock trades: sales of UPS ($15K-$50K) and PepsiCo ($1K-$15K) on 10/28/2025, filed 11/18/2025 (within 45-day window). Consumer-staples/logistics names with no overlap to his Agriculture or Armed Services committees; low volume, no pattern of repeated or timed trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"DesJarlais sold UPS ($15K-$50K) and PepsiCo ($1K-$15K) on 10/28/2025; only 2 trades, ~$40,500 volume, individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/scott-desjarlais/"},{"claim":"Periodic Transaction Report shows DesJarlais sold up to $65K of UPS stock, disclosed via PTR.","sourceUrl":"https://www.benzinga.com/insights/government/25/11/48950299/recent-report-shows-that-rep-scott-desjarlais-sold-up-to-65k-worth-of-united-parcel-service-s"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated net worth ~$153K (2018); third-party estimates ~$625K (2025), driven by CDs, an IRA, and an annuity rather than active trading. No evidence of growth beyond congressional salary plus ordinary market/savings returns over his tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets net-worth profile; ~$153K estimate (2018), holdings in bank CDs, real estate, and a medical-practice-era asset.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/scott-desjarlais/net-worth?cid=N00030957"},{"claim":"Quiver estimates ~$625.7K (Aug 2025); holdings include a Pacific Life annuity, First Southern Bank CDs, and a Morgan Stanley IRA.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+Scott+DesJarlais+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Top contributors and industries cluster around agribusiness and a district food manufacturer (McKee Foods, ~$19,800 top contributor 2024 cycle), aligning with his Agriculture Committee seat. This donor-committee alignment is typical but unproven as influence; no specific aligned-vote scandal documented in public records.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top contributor McKee Foods ($19,800, 2024 cycle); leadership PAC TN4U PAC; serves on Agriculture and Armed Services Committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00030957"},{"claim":"DesJarlais sits on House Agriculture (Livestock/Dairy/Poultry; Nutrition subcommittees) and Armed Services (Seapower).","sourceUrl":"https://clerk.house.gov/members/D000616"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public record found of FEC enforcement, watchdog complaints, or reporting indicating campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Friends of Scott DesJarlais FEC committee filings show standard campaign activity; no personal-use findings located.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00464073/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public record found of family members lobbying or holding contracts tied to his office, nor of a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"No family lobbying or revolving-door findings in available biographical/campaign records.","sourceUrl":"https://ballotpedia.org/Scott_DesJarlais"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 442 of 9,122 roll-call votes (4.8%) from Jan 2011 to June 2026, roughly double the ~2.1% median for currently serving representatives. No evidence of heavy paid-speech income; elevated score reflects attendance only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 442 of 9,122 votes (4.8%) since 2011, vs. 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/scott_desjarlais/412477"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001163","name":"Doris O. Matsui","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":15,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Doris Matsui (D-CA, in office since 2005) sits on the powerful House Energy and Commerce Committee, serving as ranking member of the Communications and Technology Subcommittee. Public trackers (Capitol Trades, Quiver Quantitative) show no record of individual-stock trading by Matsui or her spouse, so STOCK Act self-dealing risk appears minimal. Her sizable disclosed wealth stems largely from her 2020 marriage to AES Corporation co-founder Roger Sant — pre-marriage spousal wealth that is not enrichment from office, though AES's energy-sector profile creates a notable (un-recused) overlap with her committee jurisdiction. Her fundraising is heavily PAC-driven and concentrated in telecom, pharma, and other Energy and Commerce-regulated sectors (correlation, not proof of vote-buying); no campaign personal-use allegations, ethics findings, or notable attendance problems were identified (1.1% missed votes, better than the median).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No record of individual-stock periodic transaction reports (PTRs) for Matsui or her spouse on congressional trade trackers; her disclosed assets historically are funds, muni bonds, and bank deposits, not actively traded individual equities.","evidence":[{"claim":"Capitol Trades maintains a profile for Matsui but shows no individual-stock trade activity.","sourceUrl":"https://www.capitoltrades.com/politicians/M001163"},{"claim":"2018 disclosed assets were a credit-union account, a Deutsche Bank deposit program, and a limited-term muni bond fund — not individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/doris-matsui/net-worth?cid=N00027459"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Matsui's net worth jumped sharply after her 2020 marriage to AES Corp co-founder Roger Sant, making her one of the wealthier House members. This gain is spousal/pre-marriage wealth (largely excluded from scoring), not growth from her salary or trading; partial score reflects only the un-recused overlap between that energy fortune and her Energy and Commerce role, not evidence of office-driven enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Matsui's sizable wealth gains came from her 2020 marriage to AES Corporation co-founder Roger Sant; her wealth comes primarily from him.","sourceUrl":"https://triad-city-beat.com/richest-current-democratic-politicians-in-congress/"},{"claim":"Pre-2020 OpenSecrets estimates put her net worth around $1.3M (2018), indicating the later jump is marriage-driven.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/doris-matsui/net-worth?cid=N00027459"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Matsui is consistently a top recipient from the telecom/communications sector she oversees, and roughly 70% of her 2024 contributions came from PACs (about 2% small-dollar). Top industries lobbying her office (telecom, pharma, defense) mirror her Energy and Commerce jurisdiction; no specific quid-pro-quo evidence found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Industries most represented among lobbyists of her office — telecom, defense, pharma — match her Energy and Commerce oversight; ~70% of 2024 contributions were PAC money, ~2% small-dollar.","sourceUrl":"https://legis1.com/news/california-7th-congressional-district"},{"claim":"She is ranking member of the Communications and Technology Subcommittee, overseeing the telecom sector that is a leading source of her donations.","sourceUrl":"https://matsui.house.gov/media/press-releases/matsui-voted-ranking-member-house-energy-and-commerce-subcommittee"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement actions, ethics complaints, or reporting found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by Matsui.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate overview for Matsui shows no personal-use enforcement matters surfaced; House Ethics personal-use statements reference other members, not Matsui.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H6CA05195/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets maintains a revolving-door profile for Matsui (typical of long-tenured members whose former staff move into lobbying), but specific named staff-to-lobbyist pipelines or family-lobbying contracts tied to her office were not confirmed in accessible records. Low score reflects only the general presence of a tracked profile, not documented abuse.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets lists a revolving-door summary page for Doris Matsui, indicating tracked staff/connections to lobbying.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving-door/matsui-doris-o/summary?id=70361"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only 154 of 13,804 roll-call votes (1.1%) from 2005-2026, better than the ~2.1% median for sitting representatives. Heavy PAC fundraising exists but is not paired with vote-skipping or reported paid-speech abuses; low score reflects fundraising intensity alone.","evidence":[{"claim":"Matsui missed 1.1% of votes (154 of 13,804) from 2005 to 2026, better than the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/doris_matsui/400663"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S000510","name":"Adam Smith","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"WA","score":15,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Adam Smith, a Washington Democrat in the House since 1997, is the ranking member of the Armed Services Committee. His disclosed finances are modest and his only recent trades were his wife's one-day liquidation of an inherited IRA. His campaign relies heavily on PAC money, about a third of it from defense and aerospace contractors under his committee's jurisdiction. That is a correlation, not evidence of a quid pro quo. His 6.4% missed-vote rate in the 119th Congress is driven mostly by a September 2026 absence whose cause was not found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":4,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"His only periodic transaction report in Greederboard's 2024-2026 data lists 18 same-day sales on Aug 8, 2025 from his wife's inherited IRA, filed on time. The annual report explains she liquidated the IRA she inherited when her father died in 2021, moving the proceeds to a money-market fund. Household holdings are otherwise bank accounts, an S&P 500 index fund and pensions.","evidence":[{"claim":"Aug 2025 report: 18 spouse sales on Aug 8, 2025 from a Baird inherited beneficiary IRA, each $1,001-$15,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030868.pdf"},{"claim":"2025 annual report: spouse divested all stocks in the IRA inherited in 2021 on Aug 8, 2025; proceeds moved to a Vanguard money market fund.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075631.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":2,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"His 2025 annual report shows modest assets: joint bank accounts, a Vanguard 500 index fund ($100,001-$250,000), state pension accounts and the inherited IRA ($100,001-$250,000), against a mortgage of $50,001-$100,000. Nothing suggests enrichment beyond salary and savings over nearly three decades in office.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual report: Vanguard 500 Index Fund $100,001-$250,000; USAA savings $50,001-$100,000; Chase mortgage $50,001-$100,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075631.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Smith is the top Democrat on Armed Services. By Greederboard's keyword classification of FEC bulk data, defense and aerospace contractor PACs gave about 33% of his PAC money in 2024 ($245K of $751K) and 37% in 2026 ($225K of $612K): Lockheed Martin, Boeing, General Dynamics, RTX, Northrop Grumman, L3Harris, Huntington Ingalls, BAE and others at $10,000 each. OpenSecrets data cited by Gigafact made him the top recipient of defense-sector money among progressives in 2019-20 ($310,120) while he chaired the committee. That is concentrated money from the industry his committee funds, with no documented quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee-to-candidate file (2025-26): ~$612K from 140 committees to H6WA09025; defense/aerospace PACs ~37% by keyword classification, including $10,000 each from Lockheed Martin, Boeing, General Dynamics, RTX, Northrop Grumman and L3Harris.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2026/pas226.zip"},{"claim":"FEC committee-to-candidate file (2023-24): defense/aerospace PACs ~33% ($245K) of ~$751K to H6WA09025 by keyword classification.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2024/pas224.zip"},{"claim":"Gigafact, citing OpenSecrets: Smith, then Armed Services chair, received $310,120 from the defense sector in 2019-2020, including Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, Boeing and Northrop Grumman.","sourceUrl":"https://gigafact.org/fact-briefs/have-some-progressive-house-members-received-campaign-contributions-defense-contractors"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement matter, ethics complaint or reporting about personal use of campaign funds was found. Not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate page: Adam Smith for Congress Committee (C00304709) reported $1,882,001 in 2025-26 receipts, including $563,000 from other committees; his leadership PAC is American Defense and Military PAC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H6WA09025/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"LegiStorm records ordinary staff movement: a longtime legislative assistant left in 2015 for a Washington state lobbying firm, and a former chemical-industry lobbyist became his communications director in 2019. Neither is shown to involve defense clients. No family lobbying was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm (March 2015): longtime Smith legislative assistant Paul Hoover joined Gordon Thomas Honeywell Governmental Affairs.","sourceUrl":"https://legistorm.com/pro_news/1330/smith-legislative-assistant-takes-government-affairs-job.html"},{"claim":"LegiStorm (Aug 2019): Justin Weiss, formerly a lobbyist at LNE Group representing chemical companies, became Smith's communications director.","sourceUrl":"https://legistorm.com/pro_news/2425/lobbyist-moves-to-rep-adam-smiths-office.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Voteview shows 631 votes cast and 43 missed in the 119th Congress (6.4%). Most of that comes from one stretch: 22 of 29 roll calls missed in September 2026, without which his rate is under 2%. No public explanation was found for the September absences and nothing links them to fundraising, so the score stays low.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th House roll-call data: Smith cast 631 votes and missed 43 (6.4%), including 22 of 29 in September 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000391","name":"Raja Krishnamoorthi","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"IL","score":15,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-IL8), a House member since 2017, presents a comparatively clean financial-accountability profile based on public records. His disclosed assets consist largely of Vanguard target-date retirement funds and a single Chicago rental property; Quiver Quantitative reports essentially no trackable individual-stock holdings, and he is a lead House sponsor of the ETHICS Act / Restore Trust in Congress Act, which would ban members and spouses from trading individual stocks. Quiver estimates his net worth at roughly $3.9M (2025), much of which derives from his pre-Congress businesses (Sivananthan Laboratories and Episolar) that he says he resigned from before taking office. His campaign money is concentrated among attorneys (about $1M in 2023-24, including ~$341K from Kirkland & Ellis) and, in his 2026 Senate bid, crypto and technology executives, which is a correlation worth noting but not proof of any quid pro quo. He has an exceptionally strong voting-attendance record (about 0.6% missed votes per GovTrack) despite heavy fundraising, and no FEC findings of personal campaign-fund use surfaced in public reporting. The main flagged episode is a 2022 fundraiser he canceled after lobbyists sent unauthorized correspondence, for which the lobbyist publicly took responsibility and he was not found to have coordinated.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosures show Vanguard target-date retirement funds and a rental property, with essentially $0 in trackable individual-stock holdings per Quiver. Roughly 'up to $100K of trades' parsed from STOCK Act filings appear to be fund transactions, not individual equities. He is a lead House sponsor of legislation banning member/spouse stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates ~$0 in trackable publicly traded individual assets; disclosed holdings are Vanguard Target Retirement funds (each up to $500K) plus a Chicago rental property.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+Raja+Krishnamoorthi+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Krishnamoorthi introduced the Restore Trust in Congress Act / ETHICS Act to ban members, spouses, and dependent children from trading individual stocks and securities.","sourceUrl":"https://krishnamoorthi.house.gov/media/press-releases/senators-representatives-unveil-bipartisan-legislation-end-corrupt-stock"},{"claim":"Quiver Congress-trading profile tracks his trading activity and holdings drawn from STOCK Act filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Raja%20Krishnamoorthi-K000391"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Quiver estimates net worth ~$3.9M (2025), up from an OpenSecrets estimate of ~$1.58M in 2018. Much of his wealth predates Congress (founder/president of Sivananthan Laboratories and Episolar) and is therefore not scored; growth is consistent with retirement-fund market appreciation rather than identifiable office-linked enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimates Krishnamoorthi's net worth at about $3.9M as of August 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Raja%20Krishnamoorthi-K000391/net-worth"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated his net worth at about $1,581,013 in 2018.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/raja-krishnamoorthi/net-worth?cid=N00033240"},{"claim":"He was president of Sivananthan Laboratories and Episolar before entering Congress, resigning his business positions to eliminate conflicts of interest.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raja_Krishnamoorthi"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. His donor base is concentrated among attorneys (~$1M in 2023-24, with ~$341K from Kirkland & Ellis) and, in his 2026 Senate bid, crypto and technology executives including a crypto PAC, Marc Andreessen, and Palantir's CTO. He sits on Intelligence and the Select Committee on the CCP; no specific vote-for-money exchange is asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"Attorneys were his largest donor group (~$1M) in 2023-24, with about $341,000 from Chicago law firm Kirkland & Ellis; ~10% of his $10.9M came from PACs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.chicagobusiness.com/politics/krishnamoorthi-has-19m-senate-bid-more-rivals-combined"},{"claim":"His 2026 Senate haul drew on a crypto PAC, Trump-aligned donors, Marc Andreessen, and Palantir CTO Shyam Sankar; he faced criticism for accepting money tied to Palantir, an ICE contractor.","sourceUrl":"https://theintercept.com/2026/03/12/aipac-illinois-senate-stratton-kelly-krishnamoorthi/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks his top contributing industries for the 2024 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/raja-krishnamoorthi/industries?cid=N00033240&cycle=2024&type=C"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement actions or reporting of prohibited personal use surfaced. Disbursements (airfare, catering, printing, storage via a campaign credit card) are categories generally permissible under FEC rules for campaign and officeholder activity.","evidence":[{"claim":"His 2018 campaign used a CITI Biz card for $140,459 in bills for airplane tickets, food catering, storage rent, printing, and donations.","sourceUrl":"https://cu-citizenaccess.org/2019/12/rep-krishnamoorthi-outspends-challenger-by-1-9-million-in-re-election-campaigning/"},{"claim":"FEC rules prohibit personal use but permit campaign funds for travel and meals tied to campaign or officeholder duties.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/help-candidates-and-committees/making-disbursements/personal-use/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"He resigned all business positions before entering Congress to avoid conflicts of interest. One flagged episode: a 2022 fundraiser he canceled after lobbyists sent unauthorized correspondence; lobbyist Mike Manatos said it was sent without Krishnamoorthi's knowledge. No documented family lobbying-on-the-office or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline surfaced.","evidence":[{"claim":"Krishnamoorthi resigned his business positions before entering Congress to eliminate conflicts of interest.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raja_Krishnamoorthi"},{"claim":"In May 2022 he canceled a fundraiser 'out of an abundance of caution' after lobbyists sent unauthorized correspondence; lobbyist Mike Manatos admitted it was sent without his knowledge or coordination.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raja_Krishnamoorthi"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":6,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Despite raising tens of millions (including a $30M+ 2026 Senate haul), his attendance is among the strongest in the House: 32 of 4,987 roll-call votes missed (0.6%) from 2017 to mid-2026, well below the ~2.1% median.","evidence":[{"claim":"He missed 32 of 4,987 roll call votes (0.6%) Jan 2017-June 2026, better than the 2.1% median for serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/raja_krishnamoorthi/412701"},{"claim":"His 2026 Senate campaign raised over $30 million, entering with $19.4M, largely through individual contributions.","sourceUrl":"https://dailynorthwestern.com/2026/02/02/city/krishnamoorthi-dominates-2025-fundraising-in-u-s-senate-race/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"R000618","name":"Pete Ricketts","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"NE","score":15,"coverage":2,"former":false,"summary":"Pete Ricketts (R-NE), a TD Ameritrade heir and Chicago Cubs co-owner in the Senate since January 2023, presents a largely clean self-dealing profile despite enormous personal wealth. His only reported individual-stock activity was a one-time full liquidation of 25 positions (~$3.08M) on September 21, 2023, and he has since authored legislation to ban congressional stock purchases, suggesting movement away from individual-stock conflicts rather than toward them. The clearest correlation flag is financial-sector donor concentration (e.g., Incapital LLC) overlapping his Banking Committee seat, which is suggestive but not evidence of quid pro quo. No sourced evidence emerged of campaign-fund personal use, family-lobbying revolving-door conflicts, or an abnormal missed-vote/fundraising imbalance, so those components are marked insufficient-data and not penalized.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Ricketts' only reported STOCK Act individual-equity activity is a single-day liquidation on Sept 21, 2023 (25 full sales totaling ~$3.08M across 25 companies in healthcare, energy, defense, financials, etc.). The trades were sales, not purchases, and represent a one-time divestment of his individual-stock holdings rather than active timed trading. No pattern of repeated, committee-aligned, or market-timed buying. He subsequently authored the 'Stop Insider Trading Act' to ban congressional stock purchases. Low score reflects existence of trades but absence of suspicious-timing/volume/overlap evidence; some positions (General Dynamics, defense) overlap with Foreign Relations interests, hence not zero. Note: his still-large tracked equity holdings derive from pre-office/family wealth and are not scored here.","evidence":[{"claim":"25 trades, ~$3.08M, all individual stocks, all 'Sale (Full)' dated Sept 21, 2023 (filed Oct 20, 2023), spanning Berkshire, J&J, General Dynamics, CVS, Coca-Cola.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/pete-ricketts/"},{"claim":"Ricketts introduced legislation to ban stock purchases by members, spouses and dependents while in office, building on the 2012 STOCK Act.","sourceUrl":"https://nebraskaexaminer.com/2026/03/18/ricketts-carries-senate-version-of-gop-bill-on-stock-trading-limits-sales-disclosures/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Ricketts entered office already extremely wealthy as the eldest son of TD Ameritrade founder Joe Ricketts and a co-owner of the Chicago Cubs; estimates of his net worth (ranging from ~$3M disclosed-floor to ~$200M tracked) reflect pre-office family/business wealth and market movements in inherited holdings, not enrichment attributable to his Senate tenure (in office only since Jan 2023). No sourced evidence isolates tenure-driven growth beyond salary and market returns, so this is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ricketts is the eldest son of TD Ameritrade founder Joe Ricketts and a part-owner of the Chicago Cubs; net-worth estimates are dominated by inherited/family holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Ricketts"},{"claim":"Quiver estimates Ricketts' net worth around $207M, driven by tracked publicly traded assets, largely pre-existing wealth.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Pete%20Ricketts-R000618/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Ricketts sits on Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs; Environment & Public Works; Foreign Relations; and Budget. His Victory Fund's top 2024 donor was Incapital LLC (~$601,400), a financial-services firm whose sector aligns with his Banking Committee seat. As a wealthy self-financing/family-network figure, he is less donor-dependent than most, but financial-sector concentration overlapping a Banking seat is a standard influence-correlation flag. No sourced quid-pro-quo or specific vote-for-money link was found; score reflects sector-seat overlap only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ricketts serves on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs; EPW; Foreign Relations; and Budget committees in the 119th Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ricketts.senate.gov/news/press-releases/ricketts-announces-subcommittee-assignments-for-the-119th-congress/"},{"claim":"Incapital LLC (financial services) was the top donor to Pete Ricketts Victory Fund in 2024 at ~$601,400.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/pete-ricketts-victory-fund/C00832949/2024/donors"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of personal-benefit spending from Ricketts' campaign committee, Victory Fund, or American Excellence PAC leadership PAC. Disclosed Q1 2026 spending was conventional political vendor activity (e.g., $39,000 to Axiom Strategies for consulting, $13,750 direct mail). General watchdog concerns about leadership-PAC personal-use loopholes exist sector-wide but were not tied to Ricketts specifically. Not scored absent specific evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ricketts' reported committee spending (Axiom Strategies consulting, direct mail) is conventional campaign activity; no personal-use allegations surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://nebraskaexaminer.com/2026/04/28/nebraskas-osborn-outraises-ricketts-in-q1-of-nebraska-u-s-senate-race/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family members lobbying tied to his office, government contracts steered to relatives, or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. The Ricketts family operates extensive private businesses (Cubs, TD Ameritrade legacy, Ricketts political networks), but no specific lobbying/contract conflict linked to his Senate office was found in public records reviewed. Not scored absent specific evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"No documented family-lobbying or contract conflict tied to Ricketts' Senate office found in reviewed public records; family business interests are private holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Ricketts"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"GovTrack tracks Ricketts' missed-vote rate, but no sourced 2024 figure or comparison to the Senate median is available. No sourced evidence of an unusually high missed-vote rate combined with heavy fundraising or paid speeches. He is actively fundraising for a competitive 2026 race, but no documented attendance problem was found. Not scored absent confirmed data.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ricketts' voting record and missed-vote report card are maintained by GovTrack; specific elevated-absence figure not confirmed.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/pete_ricketts/456952"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001229","name":"Jefferson Shreve","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"IN","score":15,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Jefferson Shreve, a first-term Republican from Indiana's 6th District, founded Storage Express, which Extra Space Storage bought for about $590 million in 2022. He self-funded most of his 2024 race with $5.9 million in loans. He sits on the Appropriations Committee. His 2025 PTRs list more than 600 stock trades, nearly all in a third-party-managed charitable remainder trust account that was closed in May 2025; later filings show large structured-note and annuity purchases. His missed-vote rate is 1.8%.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Shreve's 12 PTRs list 636 transactions (559 individual stocks), the bulk of them (618) in a charitable remainder trust sub-account between February and May 2025, ending with sales marked 'Account Closing' on May 12, 2025. His annual report describes the trusts as trust-owned with independent third-party managed assets and the remainder going to charity. Later transactions are structured notes and index-linked annuities in the $5M-$25M band, not individual stocks. No filings in our data were late (21 rows with suspect dates excluded). Volume is high, but the record points to a managed trust being wound down; Appropriations is a broad-jurisdiction seat.","evidence":[{"claim":"PTR filed 06/22/2025 lists dozens of stock sales on 05/12/2025 in the 'CRT - Standard Unit Trust' sub-account, each with the description 'Account Closing'.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20030387.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR filed 03/09/2025 reports 66 transactions in the CRT - Standard Unit Trust account.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20027879.pdf"},{"claim":"2025 annual report describes Charitable Remainder Trusts #1 and #2 as 'Trust-owned, independent third-party managed assets; remainder to charity.'","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075352.pdf"},{"claim":"PTR filed 12/30/2025 reports purchases of a JP Morgan auto-callable buffer note and a Prudential index-linked annuity, each $5,000,001-$25,000,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2025/20033699.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Shreve is among the wealthiest House members, but the wealth predates office: Extra Space Storage bought his company, Storage Express, for about $590 million in September 2022 and put him on its board. His 2025 annual report includes Extra Space operating-partnership units and $5M-$25M structured-note holdings. Nothing indicates growth tied to his House service, which began in January 2025.","evidence":[{"claim":"Extra Space Storage completed its acquisition of Storage Express for approximately $590.0 million on Sept. 16, 2022 and appointed founder Jefferson Shreve to its board.","sourceUrl":"https://s205.q4cdn.com/976395199/files/doc_news/Extra-Space-Storage-Inc.-Acquires-Storage-Express-and-Appoints-Jefferson-Shreve-to-its-Board-of-Directors-09-16-2022-2022.pdf"},{"claim":"2025 annual report lists an EXR OP Units account, structured notes, index-linked annuities and real-estate LLCs among his assets, with no liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075352.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Shreve largely paid for his own race: of $6.24M raised in 2023-24, $5.9M was his own loans and $170,750 came from PACs. His PAC donors since then are a typical spread for an appropriator (engineering firms, health insurers, realtors, manufacturers, GOP leadership PACs). No industry concentration or donor-to-action link stands out.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023-24 cycle: $6,241,636.66 total receipts including $5,900,000 in candidate loans, $170,750 from PACs and $128,724.61 from individuals.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4IN06185/?cycle=2024"},{"claim":"FEC bulk PAC-to-candidate records (pas224 + pas226 files, 2024 and 2026 cycles combined) show his largest PAC donors include the American Council of Engineering Companies ($15,500), Elevance Health ($14,500), Honeywell ($12,000) and the National Association of Realtors ($10,000).","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2026/pas226.zip"},{"claim":"In April 2024 Shreve had loaned his congressional campaign $4.5 million and raised nothing from outside donors; his spokesperson said he was 'paying his own way.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.ibj.com/articles/shreve-goodrich-self-fund-to-top-fundraising-totals-in-two-central-indiana-gop-congressional-primaries"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC complaint, ethics matter or reporting on personal use of campaign funds was found. His campaign debt to himself is disclosed on FEC filings; no source found on repayments was opened, so none is claimed.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying or office-linked contracts were found. His disclosed outside positions are unpaid board seats at Indiana University advisory boards and the Indiana State Chamber of Commerce.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Shreve missed 12 of 674 recorded votes in the 119th Congress (1.8%), at or below the House median.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th Congress record: 662 votes cast, 12 missed (1.8%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001234","name":"Kelly Morrison","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"MN","score":15,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Kelly Morrison, a physician, represents Minnesota's 3rd District and serves on Veterans' Affairs and Small Business. She is among the wealthier House members, with wealth that predates her 2025 arrival, including a private Andersen Corporation stake. In 2026 she disclosed eight transactions late, one by more than a year; her office blamed an investment manager and she said she would divest from individual stocks and private companies. No campaign-finance or lobbying issues were found, and she has missed almost no votes.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parse finds 125 transactions since January 2025 (110 self, 9 joint, 6 spouse), about $3.4M–$8.8M by range. Most of the dollar volume is partial sales of privately held Andersen Corporation, plus individual stocks such as Accenture, UPS, Meta, ResMed and Broadcom, managed by an investment manager. One March 2026 report disclosed 7 transactions late, the oldest 392 days past the trade; NOTUS counted 8 late trades worth $1.41M–$2.91M, and her office blamed the manager. Little overlap with her Veterans' Affairs and Small Business committees was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"PTR (Filing ID 20034213) lists partial sales of Andersen Corporation dated 01/20/2025, 03/15/2025, 06/15/2025, 09/15/2025 and 10/15/2025, all with notification date 03/19/2026.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/ptr-pdfs/2026/20034213.pdf"},{"claim":"NOTUS (April 6, 2026): Morrison reported eight trades worth $1.41M–$2.91M months late, one more than a year late; her office blamed an investment manager and said she would pay any fine.","sourceUrl":"https://washingtonsun.com/congress/kelly-morrison-stock-act-trades?redirected=notus_org"},{"claim":"MinnPost via Eden Prairie Local News (June 18, 2026): Morrison said she will divest from all individual stocks and private company holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://eplocalnews.org/2026/06/18/when-it-comes-to-personal-wealth-minnesotas-members-of-congress-are-not-equal/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":6,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Morrison is wealthy, likely the richest member of Minnesota's delegation, but the wealth predates office. Her 2024 candidate report already listed a $1M–$5M Andersen Corporation stake and multimillion-dollar money-market and deferred-compensation holdings. Her 2025 report lists a joint $5M–$25M investment-fund interest (Callanish Capital Partners) and several spouse holdings over $1M.","evidence":[{"claim":"2024 candidate report (filed Aug. 13, 2024) lists Andersen Corporation via Investment Fund 1 at $1,000,001–$5,000,000 and a Fidelity money-market fund at $1,000,001–$5,000,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2024/10060026.pdf"},{"claim":"2025 annual report lists a joint Callanish Capital Partners LP interest at $5,000,001–$25,000,000 and spouse holdings over $1,000,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10075173.pdf"},{"claim":"MinnPost: she and her husband reported holdings between $22.9 million and $77 million.","sourceUrl":"https://eplocalnews.org/2026/06/18/when-it-comes-to-personal-wealth-minnesotas-members-of-congress-are-not-equal/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. PAC money is a small share of her receipts: $208,750 of $1.36M in the 2026 cycle (through July 22, 2026). No industry concentration or donor-to-action link was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC 2026-cycle summary: $1,361,932.81 receipts, $208,750 from PACs/other committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4MN03118/?cycle=2026"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC or ethics complaint about campaign spending was found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying or office-linked contracts were found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Voteview records 2 missed of 674 roll calls (0.3%), well below the House median.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th House roll-call data: Morrison missed 2 votes (0.3%).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000491","name":"Frank D. Lucas","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"OK","score":14,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Frank D. Lucas (R-OK), one of the longest-serving members of the Oklahoma delegation, holds wealth concentrated in farmland and oil-and-gas royalties rather than securities; public trackers and reporting show no evidence of individual-stock STOCK Act trading, so the highest-weighted self-dealing metric scores zero. His median net worth grew from about $1 million in 2008 to roughly $2.6 million by 2024, but much of that increase is attributed to inherited farmland (acquired after his mother's 2020 death) now producing oil-and-gas royalties, which is non-tenure-driven and not scored as enrichment. As a senior member of the Financial Services, Science, and former Agriculture committees, his donor base concentrates in finance and agribusiness sectors, creating correlation-not-proof influence exposure but no documented quid pro quo. No campaign-fund personal-use findings, family-lobbying ties, or notable absenteeism surfaced; his lifetime missed-vote rate (~2.9%) is modestly above the chamber median. Overall the record is comparatively clean.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence of individual-stock trading. Lucas's disclosed assets are farmland and oil-and-gas royalties; reporting and trade trackers show no securities transactions under the STOCK Act. Per rubric, absence of individual-stock trading scores 0.","evidence":[{"claim":"Reporting states Lucas's investments focus on farmland and natural-resource royalties, not securities, with no mention of individual stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/capitol-gains/oklahoma-congress-money-investments-stocks"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative trading page for Lucas shows no populated individual stock trade records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Frank%20D.%20Lucas-L000491"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Median net worth rose from ~$1M (2008) to ~$2.6M (2024). However, much of the gain is attributed to farmland inherited after his mother's 2020 death, now yielding oil-and-gas royalties, plus farm income and market appreciation. Inherited/pre-office-style asset growth is largely outside salary-plus-market enrichment, but the magnitude and royalty windfall warrant a modest, not zero, score given some ambiguity about tenure-linked appreciation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lucas's median net worth grew from just over $1 million in 2008 to $2.6 million by 2024; he acquired hundreds of acres of farmland being drilled for oil and gas royalties after his mother's 2020 death.","sourceUrl":"https://oklahomawatch.org/2026/03/18/fast-food-farming-and-market-gambles-how-oklahomas-congressional-delegation-got-rich/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimates Lucas's 2013 net worth at roughly $1.5M, consistent with gradual growth largely from farm and royalty assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/frank-lucas/net-worth?cid=N00005559&year=2013"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As longest-serving Republican on House Financial Services, chair of the Science Committee, and former Agriculture Committee chair (2014 farm bill), Lucas draws concentrated finance and agribusiness donor money that aligns with his committee jurisdictions. This is a structural alignment of industry money and policy portfolio, not evidence of a quid pro quo; no specific vote-for-dollars finding was documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lucas is the longest-serving Republican on House Financial Services and chair of the House Science Committee, and previously chaired Agriculture, shepherding the 2014 farm bill.","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2024/04/29/lucas-notes-capital-starved-oklahoma-in-financial-services-bid/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Lucas's industry and PAC contributions, which concentrate in sectors overlapping his committee assignments.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/frank-d-lucas/summary?cid=N00005559"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented FEC complaints, enforcement actions, or reporting alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds were found. Per rubric, absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record for Lucas shows no surfaced personal-use enforcement matters in available data.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4OK06056/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented evidence of family members lobbying on matters tied to his office or of a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. LegiStorm tracks his staff but searches surfaced no specific revolving-door findings. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm maintains Lucas's staff directory and disclosures; no specific family-lobbying or staff-to-lobbyist findings were identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/344/name/Frank_Lucas.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Over a long career Lucas missed 581 of 20,063 roll-call votes (~2.9%), modestly worse than the ~2.1% median for currently serving members. No evidence of heavy paid-speech income or fundraising-driven absenteeism; the slightly elevated miss rate yields a low score.","evidence":[{"claim":"From 1994 to April 2026, Lucas missed 581 of 20,063 roll-call votes (2.9%), worse than the 2.1% median among current members.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/frank_lucas/400247"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001143","name":"Betty McCollum","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"MN","score":14,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Betty McCollum (D-MN4), in office since 2001, presents one of the lowest-wealth, cleanest financial profiles in Congress: her disclosures show essentially no investment portfolio (an annuity and two home mortgages), no individual stock trading, and she co-sponsors the TRUST in Congress Act to ban member stock trading. Her voting attendance (about 1.9% missed over her career) is better than the chamber median, and no records of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying, or a staff-to-lobbyist scandal were found. The one notable accountability signal is correlation-based, not evidence of wrongdoing: as the top Democrat on the House Defense Appropriations Subcommittee she receives concentrated defense-industry PAC money (roughly $64,000 in Q1 2026 alone). Overall this is a low-self-dealing record, with the modest money-influence score reflecting only the structural overlap between her committee gatekeeping role and defense donors.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading found. Disclosures show only an annuity and home mortgages; no equity portfolio. She co-sponsors the TRUST in Congress Act to ban congressional stock trading. Score 0 per rubric (no individual-stock trading).","evidence":[{"claim":"McCollum's disclosure lists an annuity ($1,000-$2,500 income) and two home mortgages, with no individual stock holdings reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/betty-mccollum/net-worth?cid=N00012942"},{"claim":"McCollum is among the members co-sponsoring the bipartisan TRUST in Congress Act to ban member stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://cleaver.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/rep-cleaver-co-introduces-bipartisan-legislation-ban-stock-trading"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Among the least wealthy members of Congress; estimated net worth has been near or below zero (estimated ~$32,000 in 2018), with liabilities (mortgages) exceeding reportable assets. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market over tenure; effectively no enrichment signal.","evidence":[{"claim":"McCollum's 2024-25 disclosure (filed June 2026) lists modest annuity income and two home mortgages totaling up to $750,000 in liabilities, indicating very low net worth.","sourceUrl":"https://eplocalnews.org/2026/06/18/when-it-comes-to-personal-wealth-minnesotas-members-of-congress-are-not-equal/"},{"claim":"Historical estimates place her net worth around $32,000, among the lowest in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/betty-mccollum/net-worth?cid=N00012942"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":42,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As ranking Democrat on the House Defense Appropriations Subcommittee, McCollum receives concentrated defense-industry PAC money (~$64,000 in Q1 2026 from Huntington Ingalls, Textron, SpaceX, Anduril, Kratos, Peraton, AM General, etc.) and advocates for Minnesota defense contracts. This reflects standard gatekeeper-donor alignment common to appropriators; no quid-pro-quo evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"McCollum, top Democrat on House Defense Appropriations Subcommittee, received ~$64,000 from defense-industry PACs in Q1 2026, including $5,000 from AM General.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/defense/military-contractors-campaign-contributions-congress"},{"claim":"McCollum has worked with the Defense Department to direct more technology and innovation work to Minnesota.","sourceUrl":"https://www.startribune.com/defense-department-mccollum-seek-more-minnesota-technology-and-innovation/600213941"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reports or FEC enforcement actions found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC (Betty PAC) funds. No data; not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"McCollum's FEC candidate record shows no personal-use enforcement actions; no such violations were located.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H0MN04049/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family members lobbying, contracts tied to her office, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was found in available public records. No data; not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets revolving-door and staff records surfaced no documented McCollum-linked lobbying pipeline.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving-door"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":4,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed ~310 of 16,017 roll-call votes (1.9%) over 2001-2026, better than the ~2.1% chamber median. No evidence of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Minimal concern.","evidence":[{"claim":"From Jan 2001 to Apr 2026, McCollum missed 310 of 16,017 roll-call votes (1.9%), on par with/better than the median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/betty_mccollum/400259"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001113","name":"Catherine Cortez Masto","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NV","score":14,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Catherine Cortez Masto (D-NV), in office since 2017, presents a relatively clean self-dealing profile. Public disclosures and trackers show she holds her assets in mutual funds, retirement accounts, and bank holdings rather than trading individual stocks, eliminating STOCK Act timing/committee-overlap concerns; FactCheck.org found she was already a millionaire before office and her net worth grew only modestly (not \"doubling\" as claimed in attack ads). She is a substantial recipient of finance, securities, and legal-industry money while serving on the Banking and Finance Committees (correlation, not proof), and she has co-sponsored congressional stock-trading bans (the ETHICS Act). Her voting attendance is strong (1.2% missed, better than the Senate median), and no documented campaign personal-use scandal or family-lobbying pipeline tied to her Senate office surfaced in public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Disclosures and Quiver Quantitative show holdings in mutual funds, a state pension (PERS), and bank accounts (e.g., up to $5M Town & Country Bank) rather than self-directed single-stock trades; Quiver tracks ~$0 in trackable publicly traded equities. She co-sponsors the ETHICS Act banning member stock trading. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative shows ~$0 in live trackable publicly traded assets; disclosed holdings are mutual funds, PERS, and bank accounts, not individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Catherine%20Cortez%20Masto-C001113"},{"claim":"Cortez Masto co-sponsors the bipartisan ETHICS Act to bar members of Congress from trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.merkley.senate.gov/senators-representatives-unveil-bipartisan-legislation-to-end-corrupt-stock-trading-activities-by-members-of-congress/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Modest growth from pre-existing wealth. FactCheck.org found she was a millionaire before her Senate tenure ($1.24M-$2.88M in 2015-16) and that her net worth grew to roughly $2.1M-$3.6M by 2021 - significantly less than the 'doubling' alleged in attack ads, and broadly consistent with salary plus passive market gains. No reported liabilities. Growth appears within normal market/salary bounds; pre-office wealth not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"FactCheck found her net worth grew from ~$1.24M-$2.88M (2016) to ~$2.1M-$3.6M (2021), far short of 'doubling,' and she was already wealthy before office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.factcheck.org/2022/10/gops-shaky-claims-about-cortez-mastos-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Recent disclosure-based net worth estimated between roughly $2.26M and $7.77M (range-based reporting), no reported liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Catherine%20Cortez%20Masto-C001113/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":40,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. She is a significant recipient of finance/securities/insurance and lawyer/lobbyist money while sitting on the Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs Committee (incl. Securities, Insurance & Investment subcommittee) and the Finance Committee - a structural overlap between donor industries and her jurisdiction. OpenSecrets tracks finance, real estate, and legal sectors among her top industries. No specific quid pro quo or anomalous vote documented; reflects routine donor-committee alignment common to senators with this portfolio.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cortez Masto sits on the Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs Committee (Securities, Insurance & Investment subcommittee) and the Finance Committee, overlapping with finance-sector donors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congress.gov/member/catherine-cortez-masto/C001113/committees"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks finance, real estate, and legal industries among her contributor base across cycles.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/catherine-cortez-masto/summary?cid=N00037161"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented misuse of campaign or leadership-PAC funds for personal benefit found in public records. Her campaign committee files standard FEC reports; she has publicly advocated routing illegal contributions to the Treasury. No FEC enforcement action or credible reporting of personal-use spending identified. Per rubric, absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Her Senate campaign committee files standard FEC reports; no personal-use enforcement action identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00575548/?cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Cortez Masto publicly urged the FEC to require campaigns to send illegal contributions to the Treasury rather than refund donors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/21/catherine-cortez-masto-calls-for-illegal-campaign-contributions-to-go-to-treasury.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Limited. Husband Paul Masto, a retired Secret Service agent, has provided security services to Nevada cannabis businesses (GreenMart, Silver Leaf Farms) - a private-sector role, not lobbying tied to her Senate office. A separate fundraising-party controversy dates to her tenure as state Attorney General, predating the Senate. No documented family lobbying contracts or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to her current office surfaced.","evidence":[{"claim":"Husband Paul Masto provides security for cannabis firms GreenMart and Silver Leaf Farms; an AG-era fundraising controversy predates her Senate office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Cortez_Masto"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance. GovTrack records 46 of 3,787 roll-call votes missed (1.2%) from 2017 to mid-2026, better than the Senate median (~2.8%); she ranked among the most present senators in 2022. No evidence that fundraising or paid speeches displaced legislative duties. Low score reflects diligent attendance.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 46 of 3,787 roll-call votes (1.2%) Jan 2017-June 2026, better than the median of 2.8% among sitting senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/catherine_cortez_masto/412681"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001230","name":"Tammy Baldwin","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"WI","score":12,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Baldwin has held her assets in a Senate-approved qualified blind trust since 2013 and reports no individual-stock trading; her reported net worth (~$0.6M-$1.3M) is mid-pack and shows no extraordinary growth. She authored legislation to ban congressional stock trading. The main accountability question raised by critics is that her long-term partner, a Wall Street advisor to ultra-high-net-worth clients, is not a spouse and so her trades are not disclosed -- a transparency gap, not evidence of wrongdoing. Overall a relatively clean record with no documented self-dealing.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Assets in a Senate-approved blind trust since 2013; no individual-stock trades reported. Disclosure gap: unmarried partner (Wall Street advisor) trades not reported, but no evidence of trading on inside info.","evidence":[{"claim":"Baldwin has held assets in a Senate-approved qualified blind trust since 2013; STOCK Act does not ban individual stock ownership but her trades are not individually directed.","sourceUrl":"https://thebadgerproject.org/2023/08/01/the-reported-financial-interests-of-u-s-sen-tammy-baldwin/"},{"claim":"Because Baldwin and partner Maria Brisbane (a Wall Street financial advisor) are not married, her partner's stock trades and assets are not required to be disclosed.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nrsc.org/uncategorized/icymi-tammy-baldwin-doesnt-disclose-potential-financial-conflict-of-interest-2024-08-21/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Reported 2023 assets ~$0.6M-$1.3M, mid-Senate, no documented growth beyond salary/market over tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Baldwin's 2023 disclosure reported total assets of roughly $601,003 to $1,265,000, placing her in the middle of the Senate.","sourceUrl":"https://thebadgerproject.org/2023/08/01/the-reported-financial-interests-of-u-s-sen-tammy-baldwin/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: receives pharmaceutical/health and finance industry contributions tracked by OpenSecrets while sitting on the HELP and Appropriations committees; no specific quid-pro-quo established.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Baldwin's industry contributions; she sits on Appropriations, Commerce, and HELP committees with health-product and other industry donors among contributors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/tammy-baldwin/industries?cid=N00004367&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Baldwin for Senate PAC expenditures are reported via OpenSecrets; no personal-use findings identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/tammy-baldwin-for-senate/C00326801/expenditures/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation only: partner is a Wall Street advisor to ultra-high-net-worth clients; critics raise potential conflict, but no documented family lobbying or contracts tied to her office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Partner Maria Brisbane is a Wall Street financial advisor serving ultra-high-net-worth clients; critics raised ethics questions about clients potentially benefiting, though no contracts/lobbying tied to office were established.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nrsc.org/uncategorized/baldwins-bill-allows-her-to-share-inside-info-with-her-wall-street-partner-2024-09-18/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented pattern of excessive missed votes paired with heavy fundraising or paid speeches found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001061","name":"Emanuel Cleaver","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"MO","score":12,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO-05), in the House since 2005 and a senior member of the Financial Services Committee, shows little evidence of self-dealing. Trackers report essentially no individual-stock holdings or trades, and he co-sponsors the TRUST in Congress Act to ban congressional stock trading; his estimated net worth (~$688K) is modest and offset by long-standing personal debt. His campaign and PAC draw the sector concentration typical of a senior Financial Services member (banks, securities, insurance), which is a correlation worth noting but not proof of pay-to-play. The most notable financial episode is a personal 2002 SBA-backed car-wash business loan that defaulted, leading to wage garnishment and potential taxpayer exposure on the SBA guarantee — a personal-finance matter rather than office-enabled enrichment; he also carries a modestly elevated lifetime missed-vote rate (6.3%).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Trackers report approximately $0 in tracked publicly traded assets and no record of individual-stock STOCK Act trades. Cleaver co-sponsors the TRUST in Congress Act to ban member stock trading. Scored 0 per rubric (no individual-stock trading).","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative shows Cleaver with ~$0 in tracked publicly traded assets and a ~$688K net worth estimate.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Emanuel%20Cleaver-C001061/net-worth"},{"claim":"Cleaver co-introduced the bipartisan TRUST in Congress Act to ban members from trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://cleaver.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/rep-cleaver-co-introduces-bipartisan-legislation-ban-stock-trading"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth is modest (~$688K, ranking 372nd in Congress) and was for years burdened by a ~$1.3M car-wash business debt that led to wage garnishment. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market attributable to office; low score reflects absence of enrichment signal.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Cleaver's net worth at ~$688.5K, 372nd highest in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Emanuel%20Cleaver-C001061/net-worth"},{"claim":"A Missouri judge ordered part of Cleaver's congressional salary garnished toward ~$1.3M owed on a car-wash loan.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/house/198692-judge-garnishes-house-dems-wages-to-pay-off-13m-loan/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior Financial Services Committee member, Cleaver's career contributions show concentration from the finance/insurance/real estate sector (commercial banks, securities, insurance) typical of that committee assignment. No specific documented quid-pro-quo vote was found; score reflects sector overlap only.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Cleaver's industry contributions; his committee role aligns with finance-sector donor concentration.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00026790"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement actions, complaints, or news reports of campaign or leadership-PAC ('Wolf Pack') funds used for personal benefit were found. Leadership-PAC spending categories (fundraising, admin, media) appear routine. No data to score; per rubric, absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"No FEC complaint or personal-use violation surfaced; FEC candidate record shows routine filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4MO05234/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented public reporting of family members lobbying tied to his office or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was found in accessible sources (LegiStorm revolving-door detail is paywalled). No data to score; absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm maintains Cleaver staff and revolving-door records, but no public report of office-tied family lobbying was found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/174/name/Emanuel_Cleaver.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"GovTrack records Cleaver missing 869 of 13,867 lifetime roll-call votes (6.3%), above the ~2.1% median for sitting representatives. No evidence of paid speeches; low-moderate score reflects elevated missed-vote rate without documented heavy outside paid activity.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cleaver missed 869 of 13,867 votes (6.3%) since 2005, above the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/emanuel_cleaver/400639"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000386","name":"Chuck Grassley","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"IA","score":12,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Chuck Grassley (R-IA), in the Senate since 1981, presents a notably clean self-dealing profile. His disclosed assets are dominated by Iowa farmland (largely pre-office/inherited family farm) and diversified mutual funds, with no public record of individual-stock STOCK Act trading, which removes the most common conflict-of-interest vector. He holds the longest perfect-attendance voting streak in Senate history (no missed vote since 1993), undercutting any job-versus-fundraising concern. The main flaggable items are correlation-only: large career donations from pharmaceutical, insurance, and health-professional industries alongside his health/drug-pricing committee work (though his drug-pricing record is largely bipartisan and consumer-oriented), and isolated staff revolving-door instances common to long-tenured senators; none rise to documented self-enrichment.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No public record of individual-stock STOCK Act periodic transaction reports. Disclosed holdings are Iowa farmland and diversified mutual funds (e.g., MRFIX, IGFFX, GSFTX, PRCOX), not individual equities. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Grassley's disclosed assets are farmland (~$1.5M, Butler County, IA) and up to $500K across mutual funds, not individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Chuck+Grassley+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated $5M-$8M (varying sources). Wealth is concentrated in family farmland valued $1M-$5M (largely pre-office/inherited) plus mutual funds and farm income (~$235K/yr); no evidence of growth beyond salary, farm income, and market returns. Pre-office farm wealth is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Largest asset is Iowa farmland valued $1M-$5M; reported ~$235K combined farm income in 2023 disclosure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-politicians/republicans/chuck-grassley-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Top career donor industries are health professionals (~$1.0M), insurance (~$1.0M), lawyers (~$626K), and pharma/health products (~$539K); top donors include Blue Cross Blue Shield and Amgen. Overlaps his health/judiciary work, but his prescription-drug-pricing record is largely bipartisan and consumer-oriented, weakening any quid-pro-quo inference.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top career donor industries include pharmaceuticals/health products (~$539K) and insurance (~$998K); top donors include Amgen and Blue Cross Blue Shield.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/chuck-grassley/summary?cid=N00001758"},{"claim":"Grassley authored bipartisan drug-pricing bills aimed at lowering prescription costs, several signed into law.","sourceUrl":"https://www.grassley.senate.gov/news/news-releases/grassleyled-bills-to-lower-prescription-drug-costs-pass-senate-judiciary-committee"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found documenting campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent for personal benefit. Per rubric, absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee records for the Grassley Committee, Inc. are publicly available; no documented personal-use findings surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00230482/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Staff-to-lobbyist pipeline instances exist, common to long-tenured offices: legislative director Kurt Kovarik left for the National Biodiesel Board, with reporting that he worked on biodiesel matters around the transition (an ethics expert noted an appearance of conflict). No documented family-lobbying enrichment or contracts tied to Grassley's office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Grassley's legislative director Kurt Kovarik took a biodiesel lobbying job amid questions about overlap with official duties.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/revolving-door-alert-senior-chuck-grassley-staffer-helped-lobby-the-administration-after-accepting-industry-job"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Holds the longest perfect-attendance voting streak in Senate history, having not missed a recorded vote since 1993. No evidence of fundraising/paid speeches displacing legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Grassley set the record for the longest stretch without a missed Senate vote (since 1993).","sourceUrl":"https://rollcall.com/2016/01/20/unnoticed-grassley-sets-record-for-most-time-without-a-missed-senate-vote/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000568","name":"H. Morgan Griffith","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"VA","score":12,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Morgan Griffith (R-VA9), in the House since 2011 and a senior member of the Energy and Commerce Committee where he chairs the Health Subcommittee and co-chairs the Congressional Coal Caucus, shows a largely clean self-dealing profile in public records. Trackers (Quiver Quantitative) report roughly $0 in live-tracked tradable assets and no pattern of STOCK Act periodic transaction reports, indicating he does not actively trade individual stocks; an older disclosed Verso Corp holding (~$75K, c. 2012) appears static rather than traded. His campaign and PAC money is concentrated in energy/electric-utility and health/pharmaceutical interests that align with his coal advocacy and Health Subcommittee work, which is a correlation (not proof) of influence. He attends votes at the chamber median (about 2.2% missed over his career), and no FEC personal-use violations, family-lobbying ties, or net-worth anomalies surfaced in available sources.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence of active individual-stock trading. Quiver Quantitative reports ~$0 in live-tracked tradable assets and no pattern of STOCK Act periodic transaction reports. An older static Verso Corp holding (~$75K, c. 2012) is not active trading. Score 0 per rubric (no individual-stock trading).","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative reports Griffith has approximately $0 invested in publicly traded assets it can track live, with no listed trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/H.%20Morgan%20Griffith-G000568"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets disclosure shows a c.2012 Verso Corp holding (~$75K), a static asset rather than active STOCK Act trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/morgan-griffith/net-worth?cid=N00032029&year=2012"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated net worth ~$333,001 in 2018 (ranked 251st in House), modest for a long-tenured member. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market; disclosures use ranges so precision is limited. No anomaly found.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Griffith's 2018 net worth at ~$333,001, ranking 251st in the House.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/morgan-griffith/net-worth?cid=N00032029"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":38,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Campaign/PAC money concentrates in energy/electric-utility and health/pharmaceutical interests that align with his roles: co-chair of the Congressional Coal Caucus and chair of the E&C Health Subcommittee. He consistently votes for coal/energy deregulation and oversees drug-supply-chain policy. Aligned-money-and-votes pattern is moderate; no specific quid pro quo evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Griffith co-chairs the Congressional Coal Caucus and is a sustained advocate for coal, e.g. voting to nullify the Stream Protection Rule and defending coal in E&C debates.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_Griffith"},{"claim":"Griffith chairs the E&C Health Subcommittee, overseeing pharmaceutical supply-chain and drug-pricing policy, a sector among his donors.","sourceUrl":"https://energycommerce.house.gov/representatives/griffith"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records of campaign or leadership-PAC funds being used for personal benefit, and no FEC enforcement actions found. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee page for Morgan Griffith for Congress shows no listed enforcement actions or personal-use findings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00477240/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public evidence of family members lobbying or holding contracts tied to his office, nor a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"No family-lobbying or contract ties surfaced in searches of FEC and news records for Griffith.","sourceUrl":"https://ballotpedia.org/Morgan_Griffith"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 205 of 9,122 roll-call votes (~2.2%) from 2011 to 2026, at the chamber median (~2.1%). No evidence of heavy paid speeches displacing legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Griffith missed 205 of 9,122 roll call votes (2.2%) from Jan 2011 to June 2026, on par with the ~2.1% median for serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/morgan_griffith/412485"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001052","name":"Andy Harris","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"MD","score":12,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Andy Harris (R-MD-01), an anesthesiologist by training and chair of the House Appropriations subcommittee overseeing the FDA and a member of the Labor-HHS subcommittee, has a financial-disclosure profile dominated by index and retirement funds (e.g., Vanguard Target Retirement, CREF equity index) rather than active individual-stock trading, and no STOCK Act periodic-transaction trading pattern surfaced in public trackers. His attendance is strong (about 1.8% missed votes over his career, near the chamber median), and no public reporting documents campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying contracts, or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to his office. The one notable financial-ethics episode is a 2018 accusation that he failed to disclose his wife's income sources on his financial filing, which his campaign called a mistake and amended. His health-sector campaign money and direct FDA/health appropriations authority represent a correlation worth noting (not proof of self-dealing), but overall the record is relatively clean on self-dealing indicators.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence of individual-stock STOCK Act trading. Disclosed holdings are broad index/retirement funds (Vanguard Target Retirement 2020, CREF 403B Equity Index); congressional trade trackers show no individual-stock transaction pattern. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Disclosed holdings are index/retirement funds (up to $5M Vanguard Target Retirement 2020, up to $1M CREF 403B Equity Index); ~$56K tracked publicly-traded assets, no individual-stock trade pattern.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Andy%20Harris-H001052"},{"claim":"Harris co-sponsored a congressional stock-trading ban (TRUST Act), calling member use of nonpublic information unethical.","sourceUrl":"https://harris.house.gov/media/press-releases/harris-co-sponsors-congressional-stock-trading-ban"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated ~$5.6M (2025), 138th in Congress, but public trackers do not provide a reliable year-over-year tenure trend isolating growth beyond salary+market. No documented abnormal enrichment; pre-office physician wealth not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth ~$5.6M as of August 2025, ranked 138th in Congress; figure is an estimate from disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Andy%20Harris-H001052/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Harris, a physician, chairs the Appropriations Agriculture-FDA subcommittee and sits on Labor-HHS, giving direct authority over FDA and health funding; health-sector donors are historically prominent among his contributors. No specific quid-pro-quo or vote-buying documented; alignment reflects district/profession overlap.","evidence":[{"claim":"Harris chairs the Appropriations subcommittee over Agriculture/FDA and serves on Labor-HHS, giving direct oversight of FDA and health spending; he is an anesthesiologist by profession.","sourceUrl":"https://harris.house.gov/about/committees"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains his industry/donor breakdown including health-sector contributions over his 2007-2024 career.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/andy-harris/industries?cid=N00029147&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting documents campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit. FEC committees (Andy Harris for Congress, Harris Action Fund, Andy Harris Victory Fund) exist but no misuse findings surfaced.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC principal campaign committee and affiliated PAC/JFC filings are public; no personal-use enforcement or reporting found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H8MD01094/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No family lobbying contracts or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to his office documented. One financial-ethics flag: a 2018 accusation he failed to disclose his wife's income sources on his filing, which his campaign called a mistake and amended. Minor disclosure lapse, not a contracts/revolving-door enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"2018 accusation Harris failed to report sources of spousal income/assets; campaign called it a mistake and amended the filing.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/md-politics/rep-andy-harris-accused-of-ethical-violation-for-failing-to-disclose-wifes-income/2018/10/17/2f2f982e-d237-11e8-8c22-fa2ef74bd6d6_story.html"},{"claim":"Wikipedia summary of the 2018 spousal-income disclosure issue; no family lobbying/contract arrangements noted.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 162 of 9,122 roll-call votes (1.8%) Jan 2011-June 2026, near/below the chamber median of ~2.1%. No evidence of vote-skipping for fundraising or paid speeches. Low score reflects solid presence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 162 of 9,122 roll-call votes (1.8%) from Jan 2011 to June 2026, on par with the ~2.1% median of current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/andy_harris/412434"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000575","name":"James Lankford","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"OK","score":12,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"James Lankford (R-OK), a U.S. senator since 2015, has a comparatively modest financial profile: his disclosed holdings are dominated by a MidFirst Bank deposit and broad index ETFs (IVV, IJH), with no evidence of individual-stock trading subject to STOCK Act periodic transaction reporting. Quiver Quantitative estimates his net worth at roughly $795K (2025), ranking among the lower half of Congress, with no documented growth beyond ordinary salary and market gains. His top career donor industry is oil and gas (~$545K) with significant pro-Israel PAC support, a typical pattern for an Oklahoma Republican that constitutes correlation, not proof, of influence. No FEC personal-use complaints, family-lobbying ties, or notable absenteeism were found in available public records; on the metrics tested, his record appears clean and scores low.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading found. Disclosed portfolio consists of broad index ETFs (iShares IVV, IJH) and a MidFirst Bank deposit, with no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports of individual equities. Rubric: 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lankford's disclosed assets are a MidFirst Bank deposit plus index ETFs (IVV, IJH), not individual stocks; ~$307K in trackable publicly traded assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/James%20Lankford-L000575/net-worth"},{"claim":"His most valuable asset is a MidFirst Bank deposit ($250,001-$500,000); investments are savings, mutual funds and ETFs.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/james-lankford-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated ~$400K-$1.07M (2023 disclosure) / ~$795K (Quiver, 2025), ranking ~353rd in Congress. No evidence of growth beyond salary and ordinary index-fund market returns over his tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 disclosure puts net worth at roughly $400K-$1.07M; Quiver estimates ~$794.5K as of Sept 2025, ranking 353rd in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/james-lankford-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver net worth estimate page tracking his disclosed assets over time.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/James%20Lankford-L000575/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Oil & gas is his top career industry donor (~$544,781) and pro-Israel PAC support is significant ($167,600 from Pro-Israel America PAC); these align with his Oklahoma energy-friendly and pro-Israel voting record, but no quid-pro-quo evidence exists. Concentration is moderate and typical for an OK Republican.","evidence":[{"claim":"Oil & gas is Lankford's top industry contributor at $544,781; Pro-Israel America PAC gave $167,600.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/james-lankford/industries?cid=N00031129"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets summary of Lankford's contributors and industry breakdown.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/james-lankford/summary?cid=N00031129"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC complaints or reporting of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds were found in available public records. Absence is not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate overview for Lankford shows routine committee activity; no personal-use enforcement matters surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4OK00232/?cycle=2026&election_full=false"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence found of spouse/family lobbying, contracts tied to his office, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. His wife Cindy is not identified as a lobbyist in public records. Absence is not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"Biographical and family records (wife Cindy, two daughters) show no lobbying ties; no documented family lobbying or contracts.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Lankford"},{"claim":"LegiStorm staff directory/biography tracks his office but surfaces no notable staff-to-lobbyist revolving-door findings tied to self-dealing.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/151793/James_Paul_Lankford.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No reports of unusually high missed votes or heavy paid-speech activity. GovTrack notes his Senate Republican Conference Vice Chair leadership role affects legislative-activity metrics; no absenteeism concerns are flagged in public records.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack 2024 report card notes Lankford served as Senate Republican Conference Vice Chair, a leadership role; no excessive missed-votes flag found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/james_lankford/412464/report-card/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M000312","name":"James P. McGovern","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"MA","score":12,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. James McGovern (D-MA2), in the House since 1997 and a senior member of the Rules and Agriculture Committees, presents a largely clean self-dealing profile. His financial disclosures show holdings concentrated in mutual funds, money market accounts, and real estate, with only one small individual stock position (Owens Corning, up to $15,000) and no record of active STOCK Act trading. His estimated net worth (roughly $2.7M-$3.6M) is modest for his tenure, with no documented enrichment beyond ordinary asset appreciation. The most cited concern is correlation-only: he renounced corporate PAC money in 2019 yet still accepts trade-association PAC funds (notably ~$20K from sugar-industry PACs while serving on the Agriculture Committee), though his funding remains dominated by individuals and labor unions. His voting attendance is excellent (1.4% missed), and no public records surfaced of campaign-fund personal use, revolving-door family lobbying, or fundraising-driven absenteeism.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No record of active individual-stock trading under the STOCK Act. Disclosures show funds, money market/CDs, and real estate; only one small individual stock holding (Owens Corning, up to $15,000), with no reported buy/sell transaction activity, committee-overlap timing, or market-beating returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Disclosed holdings are dominated by funds, money market accounts, and rental real estate, with up to $15,000 in Owens Corning common stock as the lone individual equity; no trading flagged.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+James+P.+McGovern+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's congressional trading tracker shows no populated individual stock trade transactions for McGovern.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$2.7M (2018) rising to ~$3.6M (2025) over a long tenure since 1997. Growth is modest and broadly consistent with salary, real estate (basement rental unit valued up to $5M range disclosure category), and market fund appreciation; no evidence of abnormal enrichment beyond salary plus market.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated McGovern's 2018 net worth at $2,698,001.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/james-mcgovern/net-worth?cid=N00000179"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative estimated his net worth at approximately $3.6M as of August 2025, with assets including a basement rental unit and Fidelity Freedom funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+James+P.+McGovern+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. After pledging in 2019 to reject corporate PAC money, McGovern still accepts trade-association PAC funds, including ~$20,000 from sugar-industry PACs (American Crystal Sugar, Michigan Sugar, American Sugar Cane League) while sitting on the House Agriculture Committee that oversees sugar policy. Funding nonetheless remains majority individual donors (72%) and labor unions (~$125K), limiting concentration.","evidence":[{"claim":"McGovern received ~$20,000 from sugar-industry PACs and other trade associations despite a 2019 corporate-PAC pledge, while serving on the Agriculture Committee overseeing sugar policy.","sourceUrl":"https://theshoestring.org/2024/09/13/corporate-cash-still-flows-to-mcgovern/"},{"claim":"72% of his ~$900,502 raised (2023-Sept 2024) came from individuals, plus ~$125,000 from labor union PACs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/james-p-mcgovern/industries?cid=N00000179&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent for personal benefit. Absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets campaign finance summary shows standard campaign expenditures; no reported personal-use findings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00000179"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying or contracts tied to his office; wife Lisa Murray McGovern is a former congressional aide, with no records of her or staff converting office ties into lobbying for clients seeking his action. No staff-to-lobbyist pipeline surfaced in public records.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lisa Murray McGovern was a former congressional aide; no public records indicate lobbying activity tied to her husband's office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: 267 of 18,454 roll-call votes missed (1.4%) from 1997 to May 2026, better than the ~2.1% median for sitting members. No evidence of fundraising or paid speeches displacing legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"McGovern missed 267 of 18,454 roll call votes (1.4%) from January 1997 to May 2026, below the 2.1% median for current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/james_mcgovern/400263"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001194","name":"Brian Schatz","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"HI","score":12,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Brian Schatz (D-HI) presents a generally clean financial-integrity profile. Public reporting indicates he does not hold or trade individual stocks; his wealth is concentrated in real estate, removing the most common self-dealing vector. His Senate attendance is average (2.8% missed votes, on par with the chamber median), and no documented campaign-finance violations, family-lobbying contracts, or personal-use scandals surfaced in public records. The only area warranting flagging is correlation-level concern: as a senior member of Commerce and Appropriations, he receives meaningful tech/telecom/internet-sector and special-interest PAC money and runs an active leadership PAC (Hawaii PAC), but no evidence ties contributions to specific quid-pro-quo actions.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Public reporting and disclosure-based analysis indicate Schatz holds and trades no individual stocks; assets are concentrated in real estate. No STOCK Act periodic transaction reports for individual equities. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Analysis of his disclosures states Schatz 'does not hold or trade any individual stock'; net worth (~$4.8M) is primarily real estate.","sourceUrl":"https://stockingthecapitol.substack.com/p/senator-sunday-grading-brian-schatz"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets disclosure data shows his most valuable asset is residential property, not equities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/brian-schatz/assets?cid=N00028138&year=2018"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Net worth rose from roughly negative/low six figures in 2018 to an OpenSecrets-estimated range of ~$345K-$6.5M in recent filings, with two liabilities of $750K-$1.5M. Growth appears tied to real-estate appreciation and salary rather than anomalous gains; data is range-based and imprecise. Low score reflects modest, unexplained-portion uncertainty, not evidence of improper enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated 2018 net worth around -$554,493, ranking 96th in the Senate; recent filings estimate ~$345K-$6.45M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/brian-schatz/net-worth?cid=N00028138&year=2018"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As a senior Commerce and Appropriations member, Schatz draws notable tech/internet/telecom-sector donations and special-interest PAC money, sectors overlapping his committee jurisdiction. No documented quid-pro-quo; concentration is moderate and typical for a senior senator. Score reflects sector-committee overlap only.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks his industry contributions, including internet/telecom sectors aligned with his Commerce Committee role.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/brian-schatz/industries?cid=N00028138&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Reporting notes special-interest money fuels Hawaii delegation leadership PACs, including Schatz's.","sourceUrl":"https://www.civilbeat.org/2022/05/special-interest-money-fuels-hawaii-delegations-leadership-pacs/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No documented FEC personal-use violations. His leadership PAC (Hawaii PAC) raised $311,500 and spent $228,701 in early 2025, with large sums on fundraising and the bulk redistributed to candidates/the DSCC ($156K to candidates last cycle). Heavy fundraising-overhead spending is a generic leadership-PAC pattern flagged by watchdogs, not a documented personal-benefit finding. Low score reflects only structural fundraising-cost concern.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hawaii PAC raised $311,500 and spent $228,701 in first half of 2025, distributing tens of thousands to candidates and the DSCC.","sourceUrl":"https://www.civilbeat.org/2025/08/why-hawai%CA%BBis-senators-raise-so-much-money-and-give-so-much-away"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found tying family members to lobbying or office-linked contracts; his wife is an architect with no reported lobbying ties. No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline scandal surfaced. Per rubric, absence of evidence yields 0.","evidence":[{"claim":"Schatz's wife, Linda Kwok Schatz, is an architect; no lobbying or family-contract ties reported in available sources.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Schatz"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Schatz missed 139 of 4,966 roll-call votes (2.8%) from 2012 to June 2026, matching the Senate median. He is an active fundraiser running a sizable leadership PAC, but attendance shows no neglect of duties. Low score reflects active fundraising alongside fully average attendance.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 139 of 4,966 votes (2.8%), on par with the 2.8% median for currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/brian_schatz/412507"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000622","name":"Tammy Duckworth","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"IL","score":12,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Tammy Duckworth (D-IL) presents a relatively clean financial-accountability profile. STOCK Act filings show a modest set of individual-stock sales (NextEra, Ingersoll Rand/ITW, Verizon, Caterpillar, Mondelez) between roughly 2017 and 2023, but her holdings are dominated by diversified mutual funds, ETFs, USAA accounts, and a 529 plan rather than concentrated single-stock positions; she is also a public co-sponsor of the ETHICS Act and Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act. Her estimated net worth (~$1.3M, among the lower half of the Senate) shows no evidence of anomalous enrichment beyond salary and market growth. No FEC personal-use findings, no family lobbying ties (her husband is a career military/government IT official), and her 4.9% missed-vote rate is modestly above the Senate median but within normal ranges and not paired with documented self-dealing. Money-influence and industry-concentration data are partial and are labeled correlation-only.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"STOCK Act filings show a handful of individual-stock sales (NEE, ITW, VZ, CAT, MDLZ), $15K-$50K each, between ~2017-2023; up to ~$1.0M parsed trade volume lifetime. Portfolio is mostly diversified funds/ETFs (USAA, Vanguard VEU, American Funds), not concentrated single stocks. No evidence of suspicious timing or market-beating returns. She co-sponsors a congressional stock-trading ban. Low-to-moderate: some individual-stock trading exists but is infrequent and diversified.","evidence":[{"claim":"Notable individual-stock sales in NextEra (NEE), Ingersoll Rand (ITW), Verizon (VZ), Caterpillar (CAT), Mondelez (MDLZ), $15K-$50K each, 2017-2023; up to $1.0M trades parsed from STOCK Act filings; holdings mostly funds/ETFs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Tammy+Duckworth+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Duckworth co-sponsored the ETHICS Act and Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act to prohibit members and spouses from trading securities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.duckworth.senate.gov/news/press-releases/duckworth-joins-ossoff-kelly-to-introduce-bill-banning-stock-trading-by-members-of-congress"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$1.2M-$1.3M as of 2025, ranking ~299th in Congress (lower half). Growth over her Senate tenure (since 2017) is consistent with salary plus market appreciation of diversified holdings; no documented anomalous jump beyond salary and market returns. Pre-office wealth not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth $1.3M as of Aug 2025, 299th highest in Congress; ~$790.1K in publicly traded assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Tammy%20Duckworth-D000622/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. No specific donor-aligned vote/bill pattern could be sourced. No penalty assessed for absence of data per rubric.","evidence":[],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC findings or credible allegations of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds were located. Per rubric, absence of data yields no penalty.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record for Duckworth; no personal-use violation found in public records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H6IL06141/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No family lobbying or office-tied contracts found. Husband Bryan Bowlsbey is a career military/government IT official (Deputy CIO at National Defense University), with no lobbying activity identified. No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to her office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Husband Bryan Bowlsbey serves as Deputy CIO at National Defense University, a retired Army officer; no lobbying activities identified.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tammy_Duckworth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 185 of 3,775 roll-call votes (4.9%) Jan 2013-Jun 2026, above the Senate median of ~2.8%; GovTrack notes absences often relate to medical/life events (she is a double amputee and gave birth in office). Active fundraising (e.g., $961K disclosed in a Q2 2025 FEC filing) is routine for a senator and not tied to documented neglect of duties. Mild elevation, largely explainable.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 185 of 3,775 votes (4.9%), worse than the 2.8% median for serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/tammy_duckworth/412533"},{"claim":"Disclosed $961.0K of new fundraising in a Q2 2025 FEC filing.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/fundraising-update-senator-tammy-duckworth-just-disclosed-9610k-new-fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000618","name":"Steve Daines","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"MT","score":12,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Steve Daines is a wealthy senator (estimated $21M+, with disclosures ranging up to ~$28M) whose fortune is overwhelmingly pre-office, derived from the 2012 Oracle acquisition of RightNow Technologies where he was an executive; pre-office wealth is not scored and there is no evidence of abnormal in-office enrichment. On the trading dimension he scores very low: trackers (Quiver, MarketBeat) show essentially no individual-stock trading—his holdings are real estate, money-market funds, and private investments—and he co-sponsored bipartisan legislation to ban congressional stock trading. The most notable accountability item is an FEC audit finding that his 2020 re-election campaign failed to properly disclose more than $1 million, but those were reporting/disclosure errors, not personal use or self-enrichment. His donor profile shows energy/oil-and-gas money aligning with his Energy & Natural Resources Committee seat and pro-energy legislation (correlation, not proof), and his 3.0% missed-vote rate is on par with the Senate median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Effectively no individual-stock trading. Trackers report ~$0 in live-trackable public equities; portfolio is real estate, money-market funds, and private 'Gen' investments. Daines co-sponsored a bipartisan bill to ban members of Congress from owning/trading stocks. No committee-overlap timing concerns identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver reports Daines has approximately $0 invested in publicly traded assets it can track live; holdings are real estate and funds rather than individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Steve+Daines+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Daines co-sponsored bipartisan legislation with Sen. Warren to ban members of Congress and spouses from owning and trading stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/senators-warren-daines-introduce-new-bipartisan-bill-to-ban-members-of-congress-from-owning-and-trading-stocks"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth (~$21M, disclosures up to ~$28M) is overwhelmingly pre-office, from the 2012 Oracle purchase of RightNow Technologies. Pre-office wealth is excluded by rubric; no evidence of in-office growth beyond salary/market was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Daines made several million dollars when RightNow Technologies was sold to Oracle for $1.8 billion in 2012, before his Senate tenure; estimated net worth ~$21.4M.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/steve-daines-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: Daines sits on the Energy & Natural Resources and Finance Committees and champions oil/gas 'energy dominance' bills while receiving energy-industry money (~$243K oil/gas career per advocacy analysis). Donor-vote alignment exists but no quid pro quo is established; oil/gas total is modest in scale.","evidence":[{"claim":"Daines has received roughly $243,000 from the oil and gas industry over his career while advocating for fossil-fuel-friendly policy.","sourceUrl":"https://endcitizensunited.org/latest-news/press-releases/sen-steve-daines-dependence-on-big-oil-and-gas-is-preventing-action-on-climate-change/"},{"claim":"Daines serves on the Energy and Natural Resources Committee and leads bills to expand onshore/offshore oil and gas leasing.","sourceUrl":"https://www.daines.senate.gov/2025/02/07/daines-leads-republican-colleagues-in-introducing-bills-to-unleash-american-energy-2/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence of campaign funds used for personal benefit. However, an FEC audit found his 2020 campaign failed to disclose over $1M, including $265K in undisclosed debts and $600K+ in misreported receipts. These are reporting/compliance failures, not personal enrichment—scored low and flagged as a disclosure-integrity concern rather than self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC audit found Daines' 2020 campaign failed to disclose more than $1 million, including $265,217 in undisclosed debts and over $600,000 in misreported receipts; characterized by the campaign as minor reporting errors.","sourceUrl":"https://dailymontanan.com/2024/02/20/fec-says-daines-failed-to-disclose-more-than-1-million-during-re-election-bid-in-20/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No specific, sourced evidence found of family members lobbying or holding office-tied contracts, or of an unusual staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 129 of 4,272 roll-call votes (~3.0%), on par with the ~2.8% Senate median. He fundraised heavily as NRSC chair (2023-24), but that is party-committee activity, not personal speech fees or self-benefit. Minimal job-vs-fundraising tension on personal terms.","evidence":[{"claim":"From 2013 to June 2026 Daines missed 129 of 4,272 roll-call votes (3.0%), on par with the 2.8% median of serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/steve_daines/412549"},{"claim":"Daines served as NRSC chairman for the 2024 cycle, ranking among the committee's top fundraisers.","sourceUrl":"https://punchbowl.news/article/senate/steve-daines-trump-fundraising/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"R000584","name":"James E. Risch","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"ID","score":11,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Risch is among the wealthiest members of the Senate, with a net worth estimated between roughly $19M and $88M, the bulk of it pre-office Idaho farm/ranch real estate and mutual funds rather than active individual-stock trading. His disclosed market holdings lean toward ETFs and funds (e.g., TQQQ, SPY) rather than single-name equities, and no STOCK Act timing or insider-trading allegations are documented. As Foreign Relations chair/ranking member he receives industry and ideological PAC money typical of the post; this is a correlation, not evidence of quid-pro-quo. No documented campaign-fund personal-use violations or revolving-door family issues were found.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Disclosures show mutual funds and ETFs (TQQQ, SPY) rather than active single-stock trading; no notable individual-equity trade volume, suspicious timing, or committee-sector overlap documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Risch's portfolio is dominated by real estate, mutual funds and savings, with holdings such as ProShares UltraPro QQQ (TQQQ) and SPY funds rather than active individual-stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/jim-risch-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's congressional trade tracker lists Risch's profile but shows no populated individual-stock trade records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/James%20E.%20Risch-R000584"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth (~$19M-$88M) is largely pre-office Idaho farm/ranch real estate; no evidence of growth beyond salary plus market returns during tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Risch's largest assets are real estate (about 240 acres of Idaho farm/ranch land), most predating or independent of Senate office; 2023 disclosure net worth estimated $19.18M-$88.3M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/james-risch/net-worth?cid=N00029441&year=2018"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: as Foreign Relations chair/ranking member he draws defense/foreign-policy and ideological PAC money (e.g., General Atomics ~$35K); PACs supply ~39% of funds. No quid-pro-quo asserted.","evidence":[{"claim":"General Atomics is a top contributor (~$35,100) and PAC contributions make up about 38.6% of Risch's campaign funding; as Foreign Relations Committee leader he is targeted by defense and pro-Israel PACs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/profiles/james-e-risch/us_congress/industries?cycle=2026&mpid=1148777"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented FEC findings or reporting of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit.","evidence":[{"claim":"No FEC violation or personal-use finding involving Risch was identified; Senate Rule 38 and FEC rules prohibit personal use generally.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/help-candidates-and-committees/making-disbursements/personal-use/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying, office-tied contracts, or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline found.","evidence":[{"claim":"No revolving-door or family-lobbying records tied to Risch's office were identified in available disclosures.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/profiles/james-e-risch/us_congress/summary?mpid=1148777"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No record of unusually high missed votes or heavy paid-speech/fundraising substitution for legislative work.","evidence":[{"claim":"No data indicating Risch missed votes at rates above the Senate median or substituted fundraising/paid speeches for floor duties.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/james_risch/412495"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001068","name":"Steve Cohen","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"TN","score":11,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Steve Cohen (D-TN-9), in the House since 2007 and a senior member of the Judiciary Committee, presents a largely clean record on self-dealing metrics. His financial disclosures show a portfolio dominated by funds (e.g., a Tennessee stable value fund) plus a few buy-and-hold individual stocks (Microsoft, Amgen) and Treasury bills, with no pattern of active STOCK Act stock trading; he was an early cosponsor of the STOCK Act itself. His disclosed net worth grew over his tenure (roughly $2.6M in 2010 to $6.2M in 2018), but he entered Congress as an established attorney and former state senator, and the growth is consistent with passive holdings rather than documented enrichment. His donor base is concentrated in lawyers/law firms — a correlation worth noting given his Judiciary role but not evidence of quid pro quo — and no public ethics findings, campaign-fund personal-use cases, family-lobbying ties, or excessive missed-vote/fundraising patterns surfaced in the record.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Disclosures list mostly funds plus a few static individual-stock holdings (Microsoft, Amgen) and Treasury bills; no pattern of active STOCK Act periodic-transaction trades found. Cohen cosponsored the STOCK Act. Low score reflects passive holdings, not active trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Most valuable assets include the Tennessee Stable Value Fund, Microsoft Corp., and Amgen Inc.; assets $3.97M-$10.3M with no reported liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/steve-cohen-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Cohen cosponsored the STOCK Act, saying members 'should not benefit from inside information on trading.'","sourceUrl":"https://cohen.house.gov/press-release/cohen-cosponsors-stock-act"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimates net worth rose from ~$2.6M (2010) to ~$6.2M (2018). Cohen was already a practicing attorney and former state senator before his 2006 election, and growth aligns with passive market gains rather than documented anomalous enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth ~$2,589,537 in 2010 and ~$6,198,058 in 2018.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/steve-cohen/net-worth?cid=N00003225"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: Cohen's top contributing industry is lawyers/law firms, aligning with his senior seat on the House Judiciary Committee. This donor-committee overlap is notable but no specific vote-for-dollars linkage is documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cohen serves on the House Judiciary Committee; OpenSecrets tracks his contributors by industry with lawyers/law firms prominent.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/steve-cohen/summary?cid=N00003225"},{"claim":"Cohen is a senior member of the House Committee on the Judiciary (119th Congress).","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Cohen_(politician)"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC complaint, House Ethics finding, or reporting of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds surfaced for Cohen. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record for Cohen shows no public enforcement action on personal use; no specific complaint found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H6TN09068/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying, government contracts tied to his office, or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline found in public records. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Wikipedia biography details political controversies but lists no self-dealing, family-lobbying, or financial-misconduct allegations.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Cohen_(politician)"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Cohen missed 323 of 12,653 roll-call votes (2.6%) from 2007-2026, near the 2.1% median for current members. No reporting of heavy paid-speech or fundraising-driven absenteeism.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 323 of 12,653 roll call votes (2.6%) Jan 2007-June 2026, on par with the 2.1% median among current members.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/steve_cohen/412236"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001087","name":"Eric A. \"Rick\" Crawford","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"AR","score":11,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Rick Crawford (R-AR-1), in office since 2011, chairs the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and is a senior member of the House Agriculture and Transportation & Infrastructure Committees. Public records show essentially no individual-stock trading: no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports appear on trade trackers, and OpenSecrets estimates his net worth near zero, consistent with a disclosure profile dominated by a home mortgage and modest assets rather than a market portfolio. His top campaign donors are agribusiness/crop-production interests, which overlaps his Agriculture Committee role — a correlation, not proof of self-dealing. No evidence of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying, or notable fundraising-vs-job conflicts surfaced; his 3.5% lifetime missed-vote rate is modestly above the chamber median but unremarkable. Overall this is a relatively low self-dealing profile on the available record.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading found. No STOCK Act periodic transaction reports appear on congressional trade trackers, and his financial-disclosure/net-worth profile shows no equity portfolio. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative shows no disclosed stock trades or holdings for Crawford.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Eric%20A.%20%22Rick%22%20Crawford-C001087"},{"claim":"Arkansas Advocate review of disclosures notes Crawford reported no trading transactions; 2021 filing listed no assets/liabilities/trades.","sourceUrl":"https://arkansasadvocate.com/2022/08/17/arkansas-congressmen-report-millions-in-trips-investments-and-book-deals/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market. OpenSecrets estimates his net worth near zero across years; disclosures dominated by a home mortgage ($250k-$500k) and modest outside income, with no sign of unexplained accumulation.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimates Crawford's net worth at approximately $0 (2018).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/rick-crawford/net-worth?cid=N00030770&year=2018"},{"claim":"Disclosures show a $250k-$500k mortgage liability and ~$72k outside income, no large asset base.","sourceUrl":"https://arkansasadvocate.com/2022/08/17/arkansas-congressmen-report-millions-in-trips-investments-and-book-deals/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Crawford's top industry donor is crop production/agribusiness (~$91k in 2024 cycle; ~67% PAC-funded), directly overlapping his senior Agriculture Committee role and Farm Bill work. Sector-donor/committee alignment is typical of an ag-district member; no specific quid-pro-quo evidence found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top 2024-cycle industry was Crop Production & Basic Processing ($90,920); 67% of funds from PACs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00030770"},{"claim":"Crawford is a senior House Agriculture Committee member who worked on the 2014 and 2018 Farm Bills.","sourceUrl":"https://crawford.house.gov/about-rick"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reporting found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence of data; not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee record for Rick Crawford for Congress shows no flagged personal-use controversy; no news reports of violations found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00389080/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence found of family members lobbying tied to his office, spouse business contracts, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of data; not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"No revolving-door or family-lobbying ties surfaced in OpenSecrets/LegiStorm profiles for Crawford.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/148088/Eric_Alan_Crawford.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 3.5% (320 of 9,091 votes, 2011-2026), modestly worse than the ~2.1% median of currently serving members. No evidence of heavy paid speeches or fundraising-driven absences; low overall.","evidence":[{"claim":"Crawford missed 320 of 9,091 roll-call votes (3.5%), worse than the 2.1% median of current members.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/eric_crawford/412400"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000557","name":"John B. Larson","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CT","score":11,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"John B. Larson (D-CT01), in the House since 1999 and a senior Ways and Means member, presents a largely clean self-dealing record on public sourcing. He is a prominent advocate for banning congressional stock trading (helped pass the 2012 STOCK Act, cosponsored the ETHICS/Restore Trust acts, signed a 2026 discharge petition) and shows no evidence of active individual-stock STOCK Act transactions; his ~$2.3M net worth (241st in Congress) is modest for a 27-year tenure. He receives substantial PAC and finance/insurance contributions consistent with his committee jurisdiction, which is correlation rather than proof of influence. The most notable metric is attendance: his 4.3% lifetime missed-vote rate is roughly double the 2.1% peer median, partly tied to a February 2025 medical (complex partial seizure) episode and his age (77).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No documented individual-stock STOCK Act trades. Larson holds ~$634.5K in publicly traded assets per Quiver but no active personal/spouse stock transactions surface; he is a leading proponent of a congressional stock-trading ban (STOCK Act co-leader 2012; cosponsored ETHICS/Restore Trust acts; signed 2026 discharge petition).","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Larson worth ~$2.3M with ~$634.5K in publicly traded assets; no record of active individual-stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/John%20B.%20Larson-L000557"},{"claim":"Larson signed a bipartisan discharge petition to force a House vote on the End Congressional Stock Trading Act and cosponsored a stock-ownership ban.","sourceUrl":"https://larson.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/larson-moves-force-house-vote-congressional-stock-trading-ban"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth ~$2.3M, ranked 241st in Congress, modest for a 27-year tenure. Larson was a co-owner of an East Hartford insurance agency before office (pre-office wealth not scored). No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary plus market returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"As of June 2026 Quiver estimates Larson's net worth at ~$2.3M, 241st highest in Congress; former insurance-agency co-owner.","sourceUrl":"https://www.distractify.com/p/john-larson-net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior Ways and Means member overseeing Social Security and tax/finance policy, Larson draws significant PAC and finance-sector money (PACs ~half of early-2026 fundraising; donors include Apollo Global CEO Marc Rowan at the max). No documented quid pro quo or vote tied to specific donations.","evidence":[{"claim":"PACs accounted for nearly half of Larson's Jan-Mar fundraising; Apollo Global CEO Marc Rowan and Apollo employees donated.","sourceUrl":"https://prospect.org/2026/05/21/meet-connecticuts-billionaire-backed-dark-money-democrat-bronin-larson-congress/"},{"claim":"Larson disclosed $449.1K of Q1 2026 fundraising; OpenSecrets tracks his industry/contributor profile.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00000575"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented instances of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit, and no FEC enforcement actions or reporting surfaced.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee record for Larson for Congress shows no public personal-use enforcement findings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00330142/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying, office-tied contracts, or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to Larson surfaced in public records.","evidence":[{"claim":"Public staff/biographical records for Larson show no documented family-lobbying or contract ties.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/51477/John_Barry_Larson.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 4.3% (752 of 17,298 votes, 1999-2026) is about double the 2.1% peer median. Some absences relate to a February 2025 complex partial seizure episode and age (77); he remains an active fundraiser (~$449K Q1 2026). No evidence of paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Larson missed 752 of 17,298 roll-call votes (4.3%) since 1999, worse than the 2.1% median of currently serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_larson/400233"},{"claim":"Larson's brief February 2025 House-floor pause was determined to be a complex partial seizure; he missed two votes that evening.","sourceUrl":"https://ctmirror.org/2025/02/10/john-larson-house-floor-pause/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000577","name":"Mike Lee","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"UT","score":11,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Mike Lee (R-UT), in office since 2011, presents a relatively clean profile on most self-dealing metrics. His financial disclosures show modest holdings concentrated in diversified mutual funds (e.g., FFTHX) and credit-union deposits with no record of individual-stock STOCK Act trades, and his estimated net worth (roughly $216K-$565K) is low for a senator with no evidence of abnormal enrichment. His voting attendance (about 3.1% missed over his career) is near the Senate median, and no FEC personal-use violations are documented. The most notable items are correlation-only finance-sector contributions and a 2010 decision to hire a prominent state lobbyist as chief of staff, plus a contested 2012 attempt to expand his leadership PAC's fundraising (a contribution-limit dispute, not personal use).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Disclosures show diversified mutual funds (FFTHX) and credit-union deposits, not single-company equities; no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports of individual stocks. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lee's top 2023 assets are the FFTHX mutual fund and Utah Community Credit Union deposits, not individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/mike-lee-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's congressional trading profile for Mike Lee shows no populated individual-stock trade history.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Mike%20Lee-L000577"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth is modest and roughly flat (~$216K-$565K; Quiver est. ~$390K in 2025), low for a long-tenured senator. Outside income is disclosed and ordinary (book royalties, teaching). No evidence of growth beyond salary/market.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lee's disclosed net worth is roughly $216,004 to $565,000, with Quiver estimating ~$390.5K as of Sept 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Mike%20Lee-L000577/net-worth"},{"claim":"Lee reported ~$68,000 from Hachette Book Group and $2,000 for teaching at Duke in his disclosure.","sourceUrl":"https://coloradonewsline.com/2024/01/10/financial-disclosures-for-utah-members-of-congress-show-stocks-real-estate-other-assets/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Like most federal candidates, Lee draws significant finance/securities/real-estate sector money; he sits on Judiciary and Commerce and is a vocal deregulation advocate. No documented quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains Lee's industry-contribution profile; finance, securities/investment, and real estate are leading federal donor sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/mike-lee/industries?cid=N00031696&cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Lee's campaign finance summary and contributor breakdowns are tracked by OpenSecrets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/mike-lee/summary?cid=N00031696"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No documented FEC personal-use violation. His leadership PAC (Constitutional Conservatives Fund) drew a 2012 challenge from CLC/Democracy 21, but that dispute concerned seeking unlimited corporate/union contributions for independent expenditures (contribution limits), not personal benefit. Modest score reflects an aggressive PAC-structure push, not misuse.","evidence":[{"claim":"CLC and Democracy 21 urged the FEC to reject Lee's PAC bid to raise unlimited corporate/union funds; the issue was contribution limits, not personal use.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/press-releases/fec-urged-reject-senator-lees-attempt-create-super-leadership-pac-comments-filed"},{"claim":"Lee's campaign treasurer Thomas Datwyler also served as treasurer of a low-profile group (Liberty Champions) that funneled money benefiting him.","sourceUrl":"https://www.citizensforethics.org/reports-investigations/crew-investigations/did-ftx-channel-a-political-contribution-through-a-little-known-dark-money-group-tied-to-george-santoss-secret-treasurer/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"In 2010 Lee hired Spencer Stokes, one of Utah's most prominent lobbyists (energy, credit unions, private-prison interests, and a former 1-800-Contacts colleague), as his chief of staff/transition lead, a textbook revolving-door hire. No evidence of family members lobbying his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Senator-elect Lee picked prominent Utah lobbyist Spencer Stokes, registered for 18 organizations including energy and private-prison interests, to lead his Washington staff.","sourceUrl":"https://archive.sltrib.com/article.php?id=50656602&itype=CMSID"},{"claim":"Public Citizen's Craig Holman criticized such lobbyist-to-staff hires as a primary tool of undue influence peddling.","sourceUrl":"https://archive.sltrib.com/article.php?id=50656602&itype=CMSID"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Attendance is near the Senate median: missed 168 of 5,432 roll-call votes (3.1%) over 2011-2026 vs. a 2.8% median. No pattern of heavy paid-speech or fundraising-driven absences documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lee missed 168 of 5,432 roll-call votes (3.1%) from Jan 2011 to June 2026, on par with the 2.8% Senate median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/mike_lee/412495"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"W000808","name":"Frederica S. Wilson","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"FL","score":11,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Frederica Wilson, 83, has represented Florida's 24th District since 2011 and announced in May 2026 that she will not run again. She sits on Transportation and Infrastructure and Education and Workforce. Her financial disclosures show Miami real estate, annuities and bank accounts, with no individual stock trades. Her campaign raises little ($165K in 2025-26), most of it from PACs, led by labor unions, railroads and airlines. Her 28.6% missed-vote rate in the 119th Congress is among the highest in the House; part of it followed eye surgery in spring 2026.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":2,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Greederboard's parsed House Clerk data contains no Periodic Transaction Reports for Wilson in 2024-2026. Her 2025 annual disclosure lists Miami real estate, annuities, savings bonds, bank accounts, one mutual fund and a 401(a); no individual stocks. No trading activity to score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Wilson's 2025 annual financial disclosure (filed 05/11/2026) lists two Miami properties, annuities, U.S. savings bonds, Wells Fargo bank accounts, one Wells Fargo mutual fund and a 401(a), and no individual stock holdings.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10077391.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":4,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Her disclosed assets are modest by congressional standards: two Miami properties ($250K-$500K and $500K-$1M), roughly $0.4M-$1M in annuities, bank balances, savings bonds, and a Florida state pension from her pre-Congress career. No liabilities. Nothing in the filing points to growth beyond salary and pension.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 annual disclosure lists 13131 NW 26th Court ($250,001-$500,000) and 1386 NW 38th Street ($500,001-$1,000,000), annuities, bank accounts, no liabilities, and a Florida Retirement System defined-benefit pension dating to November 2008.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2025/10077391.pdf"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Wilson's campaign leans on PAC money (about $115K of $165K raised in 2025-26), and her largest PAC donors line up with her Transportation and Infrastructure seats (Aviation; Railroads, Pipelines and Hazardous Materials; ranking member on Water Resources): railroads, rail and transit unions, airlines, pilots and air traffic controllers, plus teachers' unions matching her Education and Workforce seat. No documented donor-to-action link was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025-26 cycle: $164,773.88 total receipts, of which $115,311.76 came from other committees (PACs) and $49,462.12 from individuals.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H0FL17068/?cycle=2026"},{"claim":"FEC bulk PAC-to-candidate records (pas224 + pas226 files, 2024 and 2026 cycles combined) show contributions from AFT ($20,000), AFSCME ($15,000), Transport Workers Union ($13,500), Allied Pilots Association ($12,500), Amalgamated Transit Union ($12,000), NATCA ($10,000), Norfolk Southern ($9,000), Union Pacific ($8,000), American Airlines ($8,000) and CSX ($7,000).","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/bulk-downloads/2026/pas226.zip"},{"claim":"Wilson sits on House Transportation and Infrastructure (Aviation; Railroads, Pipelines and Hazardous Materials; ranking member of Water Resources and Environment) and Education and Workforce.","sourceUrl":"https://unitedstates.github.io/congress-legislators/committee-membership-current.json"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC complaint, ethics referral or reporting on personal use of campaign funds was found. Absence of evidence is not scored.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No family lobbying, contracts tied to her office, or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline was found.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Wilson missed 193 of 674 recorded House votes in the 119th Congress (28.6%), far above the ~2% House median. Part of that is medical: she did not vote from April 17 to mid-May 2026 after eye surgery that kept her from flying. Misses are also spread across 2025 and other 2026 months. Her fundraising is light ($165K in 2025-26), so nothing suggests she skipped votes to raise money; she announced in May 2026 she will not seek reelection.","evidence":[{"claim":"Voteview 119th Congress record: 481 votes cast, 193 missed (28.6% missed).","sourceUrl":"https://voteview.com/static/data/out/votes/H119_votes.csv"},{"claim":"Wilson had not voted since April 17, 2026; Jeffries said she was recovering from a procedure, and Wilson said she had eye surgery and could not fly but kept working from her district.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/homenews/house/5879055-kean-wilson-missing-votes/amp/"},{"claim":"On May 29, 2026, Wilson, 83, announced she will not seek reelection in November.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2026-05-29/rep-frederica-wilson-leaves-congress"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001095","name":"Tom Cotton","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"AR","score":11,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Tom Cotton (R-AR) presents a relatively clean financial-accountability profile based on public records. He reports no active individual-stock trading; congressional trade trackers (MarketBeat, Quiver) show essentially no STOCK Act transaction activity, and his disclosed assets skew toward mutual/index funds, with reported net worth that has been modest or even negative in some years due to a mortgage. His donor base concentrates in defense, financial services, and pro-Israel sectors aligned with his Armed Services and Intelligence Committee roles—a correlation worth noting but not proof of pay-to-play. No FEC complaints, campaign personal-use findings, or family-lobbying scandals surfaced in public records, and his vote-attendance record (about 2% missed, better than the Senate median) is strong; several components score low or insufficient-data because absence of wrongdoing is not penalized.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No reported individual-stock trades. Congressional trade trackers show no STOCK Act transaction activity; disclosed assets are predominantly mutual/index funds rather than individual equities. Per rubric, 0 if no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat shows 'No trade activity' for Cotton; no reported individual stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/tom-cotton/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative congressional trading profile lists no populated individual trade rows for Cotton.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Tom%20Cotton-C001095"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Disclosed net worth is modest and volatile—reported figures range from negative (mortgage liabilities) to roughly $2.3M, with no evidence of growth beyond salary and ordinary market/asset appreciation. Estimates vary widely by methodology, limiting confidence; no abnormal enrichment documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 disclosure implied net worth between roughly -$4.77M and -$95K (mortgage-driven); other estimates near $0.5M-$2.3M.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/tom-cotton/net-worth?cid=N00033363"},{"claim":"2021-activity disclosure listed 17 assets totaling roughly $164K-$460K; Senate salary $174,000.","sourceUrl":"https://arkansasadvocate.com/2022/08/17/arkansas-congressmen-report-millions-in-trips-investments-and-book-deals/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Donor and leadership-PAC money concentrates in defense, financial services, and pro-Israel sectors that align with Cotton's Senate Armed Services and Intelligence (chair) committee roles. This sector overlap is expected for his portfolio and is not evidence of quid pro quo; no specific bill-for-dollars finding documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cotton's leadership PAC contributions (~$1M+) and donors concentrate in defense, financial services, and pro-Israel sectors aligned with his committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/tom-cotton/summary?cid=N00033363"},{"claim":"296 organizations lobbied Cotton, consistent with his senior intelligence/defense/energy committee positions.","sourceUrl":"https://legis1.com/news/the-money-behind-tom-cotton-2026-whos-funding-arkansass-senate-race-and-why-it-matters"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC complaints or documented personal-use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds found. His Republican Majority Fund leadership PAC operates within the general (loophole-laden) leadership-PAC framework, but no specific abuse tied to Cotton was identified. No data; not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Republican Majority Fund is Cotton's affiliated leadership PAC; no specific personal-use violation documented against him.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/republican-majority-fund/C00296640/summary/2022"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying tied to his office or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. His wife, attorney Anna Peckham Cotton, was named a board advisor at a cybersecurity firm (Fortress Information Security) alongside other ex-officials; no evidence this is contingent on Cotton's office or involves lobbying him. Minimal, unconfirmed signal.","evidence":[{"claim":"Anna Peckham Cotton appointed a board advisor at Fortress Information Security alongside former officials.","sourceUrl":"https://techinquiry.org/?entity=anna+peckham+cotton&guard="}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 87 of 4,289 roll-call votes (2.0%) over his career, better than the Senate median of 2.8%. No evidence of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Low self-dealing signal.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cotton missed 87 of 4,289 roll-call votes (2.0%), better than the 2.8% senator median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/tom_cotton/412508"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000384","name":"Tim Kaine","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"VA","score":11,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Tim Kaine (D-VA) presents a comparatively clean financial-conduct profile. His disclosed holdings are concentrated in broad-based index and mutual funds (QQQ, SPY, Fidelity Freedom target-date, PIMCO bond funds) rather than individual stocks, and no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports of individual-stock trading were identified, which removes the most common self-dealing vector. His estimated net worth (roughly $2.2M, midpoint) is modest for the Senate and consistent with a long public-service career; no evidence of anomalous enrichment was found. His top donor industries (miscellaneous defense, tobacco) overlap with his Armed Services Committee role, a correlation worth noting but not proof of quid pro quo. Voting attendance is strong (1.9% missed votes lifetime, better than the Senate median), and no credible campaign personal-use or family-lobbying findings surfaced; a 2025 treasurer-misappropriation matter involved Kaine's committee as a victim, not a perpetrator.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosed holdings are broad-based index/mutual funds (QQQ, SPY, Fidelity Freedom target-date, PIMCO bond funds), not individual equities. No STOCK Act periodic transaction reports of individual-stock trades identified. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Holdings are primarily index/mutual funds (QQQ, SPY, Fidelity Freedom 2025, PIMCO Foreign Bond), each $100k-$250k, rather than individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/tim-kaine/net-worth?cid=N00033177"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative congressional-trading profile shows no populated individual-stock transaction records for Kaine.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Tim%20Kaine-K000384"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$2.2M (disclosure range roughly -$218k to $2.3M), modest for a senator and broadly consistent with salary plus market gains over a 2013-present tenure. No evidence of growth beyond salary+market returns; low score reflects absence of anomalous enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth estimated around $2.2M (2025); 2023 disclosure assets ranged $1.28M-$3.06M with wide reporting bands.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/tim-kaine/net-worth?cid=N00033177"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Kaine's top donor industries include miscellaneous defense (#1) and tobacco (#1), and he serves on the Senate Armed Services Committee (Ranking Member, Seapower Subcommittee) overseeing defense/shipbuilding relevant to Virginia's naval economy. Sector-donor/committee overlap exists; no specific vote-for-dollars evidence identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kaine is a top recipient from the Miscellaneous Defense and Tobacco industries in the 2023-2024 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/tim-kaine/industries?cid=N00033177&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Kaine sits on Senate Armed Services (Ranking Member, Seapower Subcommittee), overseeing defense and shipbuilding policy.","sourceUrl":"https://www.kaine.senate.gov/about/committee-assignments"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit. A 2025 matter involved a campaign treasurer allegedly misappropriating funds from Kaine's committee and others, but Kaine's committee was the victim and self-reported it to the FEC and police. Not self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kaine's committee fired a treasurer suspected of misappropriating funds, notified the FEC and Alexandria Police, and was the victim rather than perpetrator.","sourceUrl":"https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/tim-kaine-mark-warner-democrats-campaign-treasurer-1235235232/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family lobbying or office-tied contracts. Spouse Anne Holton's career is in law and public education (Virginia Secretary of Education, judge, legal aid), not lobbying. No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to self-dealing surfaced.","evidence":[{"claim":"Anne Holton's career spans legal aid, the judiciary, and serving as Virginia Secretary of Education; no lobbying role identified.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Holton"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 93 of 4,944 roll-call votes (1.9%) from 2013 to mid-2026, better than the Senate median of 2.8%; ranked 9th most present in 2024. No evidence of neglecting duties for fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kaine missed 1.9% of votes (93 of 4,944) Jan 2013-June 2026, better than the median 2.8%; 9th most present senator in 2024.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/timothy_kaine/412582"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000216","name":"Rosa L. DeLauro","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"CT","score":10,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rosa DeLauro (D-CT3), in office since 1991 and Ranking Member of House Appropriations, has no record of individual-stock trading and is a co-sponsor of bills to ban congressional stock ownership/trading, so the highest-weighted component scores zero. Her reported net worth has declined over the period and her wealth is largely tied to her husband, veteran Democratic pollster Stan Greenberg (pre-office/spousal), so no enrichment beyond salary/market is evident. The clearest accountability questions are correlation-based: heavy PAC and health-sector money alongside an Appropriations role, and unverified critic claims that party-committee transfers flow to her husband's polling firm. Her voting attendance is strong (1.8% missed, better than median), so the job-vs-fundraising component is low.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trades found in STOCK Act/PTR trackers; DeLauro co-sponsors legislation to ban congressional stock ownership and trading. No personal or spousal individual-equity trading reported.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative shows no individual stock trades populated for DeLauro.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Rosa%20L.%20DeLauro-D000216"},{"claim":"DeLauro is a co-sponsor of the Bipartisan Ban on Congressional Stock Ownership Act (H.R.1679, 118th Congress).","sourceUrl":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/1679"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Reported net worth has declined (peak ~$16M in 2008-2017 era to under ~$3M in recent disclosures per secondary estimates); wealth is largely attributable to spouse Stan Greenberg's pre-office polling business, not office-linked growth. No enrichment beyond salary/market evident.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finances net-worth data for DeLauro shows no anomalous growth; estimates indicate decline rather than increase.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/rosa-delauro/net-worth?cid=N00000615"},{"claim":"Wealth tied to husband Stan Greenberg, owner of Democratic polling firm Greenberg Quinlan Rosner until 2016.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stan_Greenberg"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As Appropriations Ranking Member, DeLauro's funding is ~50% PAC money; top industry/contributor is Health Professionals (~$139K) plus Yale University. Concentration of health/education money aligns with her appropriations and health/food-safety legislative focus, but no quid-pro-quo evidence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Health Professionals ($138,648) is a top contributor and PACs supply ~50% of funds, 2023-24 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/rosa-delauro/summary?cid=N00000615"},{"claim":"DeLauro serves as Appropriations Committee Ranking Member, overseeing federal spending including health agencies.","sourceUrl":"https://democrats-appropriations.house.gov/about/ranking-member-rosa-l-delauro"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No verified findings of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit. No FEC enforcement action or House Ethics matter against DeLauro identified for personal use.","evidence":[{"claim":"Friends of Rosa DeLauro committee FEC filings show no flagged personal-use enforcement.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00238865/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Critics allege Democratic party-committee (e.g., DCCC) transfers are routed to her husband Stan Greenberg's polling firm; this is a spousal-business concern but the specific routing claim comes from an unverified critical blog, not direct campaign payments from her own committee. No staff-to-lobbyist pipeline documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Allegation that party transfers flow to husband's firm Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research originates from a critical, non-authoritative source.","sourceUrl":"https://rosadelauroexposed.wordpress.com/"},{"claim":"Stan Greenberg owned Democratic polling firm Greenberg Quinlan Rosner until 2016 (spousal business context).","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stan_Greenberg"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 398 of 21,879 roll-call votes (1.8%) over 1991-2026, better than the ~2.1% median for sitting representatives. No evidence of heavy paid speeches displacing legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"DeLauro missed 1.8% of votes (398/21,879), better than the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/rosa_delauro/400103"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001042","name":"Mazie K. Hirono","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"HI","score":10,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Mazie Hirono (D-HI) presents a largely clean accountability profile. She holds no tracked individual-stock positions and has had no recorded congressional stock trades in recent years; her portfolio is held in mutual funds, retirement plans, and bank deposits, and she co-sponsors legislation (ETHICS Act) to ban member stock trading. Her estimated net worth (roughly $3.4M-$11.8M range, ~$7.4M midpoint in 2025) places her around the middle of the Senate; substantial portions appear tied to mutual-fund market gains rather than anomalous enrichment, and pre-office wealth is excluded. Standard industry donations (lawyers/law firms, labor, finance) correlate with her committee work but no specific quid pro quo is documented; her vote-attendance is excellent (~0.9% missed lifetime), and no campaign-fund personal-use or family-lobbying findings surfaced in public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No tracked individual-stock trades in recent years per Quiver/Capitol Trades; holdings are mutual funds, retirement plans, and bank deposits. She co-sponsors the ETHICS Act to ban member stock trading. Minimal direct-equity exposure means little STOCK Act conflict risk.","evidence":[{"claim":"No tracked trade activity in last 3 years; ~$89.2K in trackable publicly traded assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Mazie%20K.%20Hirono-H001042"},{"claim":"Hirono co-sponsors ETHICS Act banning members/spouses/dependents from trading securities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.merkley.senate.gov/senators-representatives-unveil-bipartisan-legislation-to-end-corrupt-stock-trading-activities-by-members-of-congress/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth grew from ~$3.0M (2015) to ~$7.4M midpoint (2025 estimate), ranking ~131st in Congress. Wealth is concentrated in mutual funds (~$5.2M) consistent with market appreciation over a decade rather than salary-implausible jumps; disclosure ranges limit precision. Low concern for anomalous enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"2025 estimated net worth ~$7.4M, mostly mutual funds ($5.2M), bank deposits ($991K), retirement ($750K).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Mazie%20K.%20Hirono-H001042/net-worth"},{"claim":"2015 estimated net worth ~$2.99M per OpenSecrets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/net-worth?cid=N00028139&year=2015"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Top career donor industries (lawyers/law firms, labor unions, finance) align with her Judiciary and Armed Services committee seats, typical for a Democratic senator. No documented vote-for-donation quid pro quo; she has supported super-PAC spending limits. Routine concentration, no specific impropriety found.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks her top industry contributors and committee assignments (Judiciary, Armed Services, Energy).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/mazie-k-hirono/summary?cid=N00028139&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"Hirono co-filed a brief challenging unlimited super-PAC spending, signaling campaign-finance reform stance.","sourceUrl":"https://www.whitehouse.senate.gov/news/release/whitehouse-blumenthal-hirono-file-brief-in-key-challenge-to-unlimited-super-pac-spending-in-elections/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records, FEC findings, or reporting of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC (Friends of Mazie Hirono) funds were identified. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee overview for Friends of Mazie Hirono shows no flagged personal-use enforcement.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00420760/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying tied to her office. Husband Leighton Kim Oshima is an insurance-defense litigator in Honolulu, not a federal lobbyist. No staff-to-lobbyist pipeline reporting surfaced. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Husband Leighton Kim Oshima works in private insurance-defense law in Honolulu; no lobbying ties reported.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazie_Hirono"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed only 46 of 4,936 lifetime roll-call votes (0.9%), well below the 2.8% Senate median. No reports of heavy paid speaking displacing legislative duties. Strong attendance indicates job attentiveness.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 0.9% of votes (46 of 4,936) since 2007, better than 2.8% Senate median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/mazie_hirono/412200"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"L000570","name":"Ben Ray Luján","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NM","score":10,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Ben Ray Luján (D-NM) presents a largely clean self-dealing profile. He does not own or trade individual stocks and has co-sponsored multiple congressional stock-trading bans (ETHICS Act, Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act), and his disclosed net worth is modest (roughly $167k-$430k in 2023), dominated by savings accounts and a state pension rather than market assets. He pledged to refuse corporate PAC money in his 2020 Senate run; industry money correlations exist but no specific quid-pro-quo is documented. His missed-vote rate (3.8% lifetime) is slightly above the Senate median, largely attributable to a 2022 stroke recovery, and no campaign personal-use, family-lobbying, or revolving-door scandals surfaced in public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Luján does not own or trade individual stocks; he co-sponsors congressional stock-trading bans. No STOCK Act periodic transaction reports for individual equities. Score 0 per rubric (absence not penalized).","evidence":[{"claim":"Luján does not own or trade individual stocks and has not been accused of insider trading; 2023 disclosure shows only savings, a state pension, and a credit-union account.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/ben-ray-lujan-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Luján co-sponsored the ETHICS Act and Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act to prohibit members/spouses from trading stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.lujan.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/lujan-ossoff-kelly-introduce-bill-banning-stock-trading-by-members-of-congress/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosed 2023 net worth is modest, roughly $167k-$430k, consisting of Wells Fargo savings, a NM state pension, and a credit-union account. No evidence of growth beyond salary; ranks among lower-wealth senators.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 disclosure puts net worth between ~$167,000 and $430,000, composed of savings ($100k-$250k), a NM state pension ($50k-$100k), and a credit-union account ($15k-$50k).","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/ben-ray-lujan-net-worth/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finances profile tracks Luján's reported net worth over his tenure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/ben-lujan/net-worth?cid=N00029562"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As former DCCC chair and a Commerce Committee member, Luján draws telecom/tech and other sector money; he pledged to reject corporate PAC money in 2020. Industry-money/vote correlations exist but no documented quid-pro-quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Luján sits on the Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee (telecom/tech jurisdiction); OpenSecrets tracks his industry donations by cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/ben-ray-lujan/industries?cid=N00029562&cycle=2024&recs=0&type=P"},{"claim":"Luján pledged not to accept corporate PAC money for his 2020 Senate campaign.","sourceUrl":"https://sfreporter.com/archives/leading-senate-dem-candidates-reject-pac-cash/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No FEC personal-use enforcement found. A 2017 House Ethics matter concerned a campaign consultant using a House-floor image in a fundraising email (Rule V); the Committee found no improper solicitation by Luján himself. No personal-benefit spending documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"House Ethics report (115th Cong.) examined a campaign communication using a House-floor image but found Luján did not solicit contributions from the House floor.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congress.gov/committee-report/115th-congress/house-report/272/1"},{"claim":"Office of Congressional Conduct referral regarding Rep. Ben Ray Luján.","sourceUrl":"https://conduct.house.gov/reports/investigations/oce-referral-regarding-rep-ben-ray-luj-n"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Routine staff-to-private-sector turnover exists (typical of any Senate office) but no documented family lobbying or contracts tied to his office. His father was a NM state legislator, not a federal lobbyist. No specific revolving-door scandal found.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm tracks Luján's staff career paths; standard congressional staff turnover, no documented direct-lobbying pipeline tied to official acts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/967/name/Ben_Ray_Luj_n.html"},{"claim":"Luján's father, Ben Luján Sr., was a New Mexico state legislator (Speaker), not a federal lobbyist.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Ray_Luj%C3%A1n"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate 3.8% (93 of 2,459), slightly worse than the 2.8% Senate median, but largely driven by a 2022 stroke recovery absence. No evidence of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism.","evidence":[{"claim":"Luján missed 93 of 2,459 roll-call votes (3.8%) Jan 2009-Jun 2026, worse than the 2.8% median; absence in early 2022 was due to stroke recovery.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ben_lujan/412293"},{"claim":"GovTrack 2024 report card for Sen. Luján details attendance metrics.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/ben_lujan/412293/report-card/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"E000295","name":"Joni Ernst","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"IA","score":10,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Joni Ernst (R-IA) shows no public record of personal or spousal individual-stock trading; congressional trade trackers (Quiver, MarketBeat) list no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports, the cleanest possible profile on that axis. Her estimated net worth (roughly $2-3M) is modest for the Senate and shows no documented anomalous growth beyond salary, book royalties, and a military pension. Her largest accountability flag is campaign-finance-related: the Campaign Legal Center and FEC general counsel found reason to believe her 2020 campaign illegally coordinated with the \"dark money\" group Iowa Values, though the FEC deadlocked and no personal-enrichment use of funds was established. Her voting attendance is strong (about 2.3% missed, below the Senate median), and standard committee-industry donor overlap (agriculture, defense) reflects correlation typical of her committee assignments rather than proven quid pro quo.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading found. Congressional trade trackers list zero STOCK Act periodic transaction reports for Ernst or spouse; no committee-sector trading overlap to assess.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's tracker shows no individual stock trades disclosed for Ernst.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Joni%20Ernst-E000295"},{"claim":"MarketBeat congressional trade profile for Ernst lists no reportable stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/joni-ernst/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$2-3M; no documented growth beyond Senate salary, book royalties, and military pension. A widely-circulated $19M figure is unverified and not corroborated by filings.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth estimated around $2-3M with income from salary, book royalties, and military pension; $19M figure uncorroborated.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/memberdisclosure/3021/Sen_Joni_Ernst.html"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative net-worth estimate is well under $1M as of 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Joni%20Ernst-E000295/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Ernst sits on Agriculture and Armed Services committees; her career donor base concentrates in agribusiness and defense, the standard committee-industry overlap. NRA spent ~$3.1M supporting her 2014-2018. No specific quid pro quo documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ernst serves on Agriculture, Armed Services, Homeland Security, and Small Business committees, aligning with agribusiness/defense donor concentration.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/joni-ernst/industries?cid=N00035483&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"NRA spent about $3.12M supporting Ernst between 2014 and 2018.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joni_Ernst"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No documented personal-use diversion of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. The Iowa Values 'dark money' matter is a coordination/soft-money allegation, not personal enrichment, and is scored primarily elsewhere; included here only as a campaign-finance integrity flag.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC general counsel found reason to believe campaign-finance violations re: Iowa Values, but no personal-use spending was alleged; FEC deadlocked.","sourceUrl":"https://iowacapitaldispatch.com/2022/12/08/newly-disclosed-fec-records-shed-light-on-ernst-dark-money-case/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting found tying Ernst family members to lobbying or contracts linked to her office, nor a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed ~100 of 4,289 roll-call votes (2.3%) from 2015 to mid-2026, below the Senate median of 2.8%. No evidence of heavy paid-speech activity displacing legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ernst missed 100 of 4,289 votes (2.3%) Jan 2015-June 2026, below the 2.8% senator median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/joni_ernst/412667"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001227","name":"Eric Schmitt","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"MO","score":10,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Eric Schmitt (R-MO), in office since 2023, presents a comparatively clean self-dealing profile across the public record. His disclosed financial holdings are broad-market index funds and ETFs (e.g., SPDR S&P 500 SPY, Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF) plus US Treasury notes, with no evidence of individual single-stock trading under the STOCK Act; aggregators list essentially no periodic transaction reports. His estimated net worth is modest (~$1.0M, ranked roughly 291st in Congress), and his roll-call attendance is strong (about 2.6% missed votes, near the Senate median). As with all members, industry-donor concentration and aligned committee votes exist (correlation, not proof of corruption), but no documented campaign-fund personal use, family-lobbying contracts, or quid-pro-quo were found in available public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading found. Disclosed holdings are broad-market index funds/ETFs (SPY, Vanguard Total Stock Market) and US Treasury notes; trade-tracking databases show essentially no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Schmitt's disclosed assets are broad-market funds (SPDR S&P 500 SPY $100k-250k, Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF $50k-100k) and US Treasury notes, not individual equities.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/eric-schmitt-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Trade-tracking profile for Schmitt shows no populated individual stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Eric%20Schmitt-S001227"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated ~$1.0M (ranked ~291st in Congress), flat across mid-2025 estimates; 2023 disclosure range roughly -$41k to $1.03M. No evidence of growth beyond salary plus market gains over his short tenure (2023-present).","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Schmitt's net worth at ~$1.0M as of 2025, 291st highest in Congress, with ~$618k-$661k in publicly traded assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Eric%20Schmitt-S001227/net-worth"},{"claim":"2023 financial disclosure shows total assets between -$40,976 and $1,034,999 with no liabilities.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/eric-schmitt-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Schmitt sits on Commerce, Armed Services, Judiciary (Antitrust/Constitution chair) and Joint Economic committees, sectors (telecom, defense, tech) that routinely fund senators. Standard donor-vote alignment exists but no documented quid pro quo in public records.","evidence":[{"claim":"Schmitt serves on Commerce, Armed Services, Judiciary, and Joint Economic committees, overlapping with defense/telecom/tech donor sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.schmitt.senate.gov/media/press-releases/senator-schmitt-adds-judiciary-committee-in-new-congress-retains-commerce-armed-services-and-joint-economic-committees/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Schmitt's industry donor concentration and contributor totals.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/eric-schmitt/summary?cid=N00048414"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds (his Winning for America PAC) used for personal benefit. No FEC complaints or investigations surfaced. Per rules, absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Schmitt for Senate committee filings are public at FEC; no personal-use findings reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00775015/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found tying family members to lobbying or contracts connected to his office, nor a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of data; not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Searches of campaign-finance and news sources surfaced no family-lobbying or contract ties to Schmitt's office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/eric-schmitt/summary?cid=N00048414"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 39 of 1,520 roll-call votes (2.6%) Feb 2023-Jun 2026, near the Senate median (~2.8%). Active fundraising (~$2.7M receipts Jan 2025-Mar 2026) is normal; no evidence missed votes were tied to fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Schmitt missed 39 of 1,520 roll call votes (2.6%) from Feb 2023 to June 2026, on par with the Senate median of 2.8%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/eric_schmitt/456875"},{"claim":"Schmitt's authorized committees raised about $2.73M in receipts from Jan 2025 to Mar 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S2MO00544/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"R000122","name":"Jack Reed","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"RI","score":9,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Reed, who chairs/leads on the Senate Armed Services Committee, owns no individual stocks (holding only mutual funds, ETFs, and a bank deposit) and has co-sponsored legislation to clarify and ban insider trading. He has never been accused of insider trading or found in STOCK Act breach. His disclosed net worth is modest and near zero. His floor-vote attendance is strong (0.5% missed). His record shows no sourced self-dealing flags.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Reed owns no individual stocks (holdings limited to mutual funds, sector ETFs such as XLV/XLK/SMH, and a credit-union deposit) and has never been found in STOCK Act breach. Scored 0 per rubric for no individual-stock trading. Note: sector-ETF holdings overlap committee areas but ETFs are not individual stocks.","evidence":[{"claim":"Reed has not owned or traded individual stocks and has never been found in STOCK Act breach; holdings are mutual funds, ETFs, and a deposit.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/jack-reed-net-worth-revealed/"},{"claim":"Reed co-introduced 2015 legislation to clearly define and ban unlawful insider trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jack%20Reed-R000122"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Reed's 2023 disclosed net worth is between roughly -$506,000 and $235,000, among the lowest in the Senate, showing no abnormal enrichment over tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Reed's 2023 disclosure places net worth between about -$506,000 and $235,000.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/jack-reed-net-worth-revealed/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As the lead Democrat on Armed Services, Reed receives concentrated defense-sector contributions while shaping the annual NDAA; defense contractors lobby heavily around that bill. No quid-pro-quo asserted, and Rhode Island has a large defense economy.","evidence":[{"claim":"Reed leads the Senate Armed Services Committee, central to the NDAA around which defense contractors spent ~$70M lobbying.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2023/10/defense-contractors-spent-70-million-lobbying-ahead-of-annual-defense-budget-bill-ndaa/"},{"claim":"Reed serves on Armed Services, Appropriations, and Banking committees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.reed.senate.gov/about/committees"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit. Insufficient data; absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family lobbying, office-tied contracts, or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline specific to Reed located. Insufficient data.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Reed missed 49 of 10,012 roll-call votes (0.5%) over his career, far better than the 2.8% median. No evidence of duties neglected for fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Reed missed 49 of 10,012 roll-call votes (0.5%), better than the 2.8% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/john_reed/300081"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"D000096","name":"Danny K. Davis","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"IL","score":9,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Danny K. Davis (D-IL7), in the House since 1997 and a member of the Ways and Means Committee, presents a notably clean financial profile. He has no record of individual-stock STOCK Act trading, and his estimated net worth is among the lowest in Congress (roughly $264K in 2017 rising to ~$484K-520K in 2025-26), consistent with congressional salary and savings rather than enrichment. The most concrete accountability item is a January 2024 House Ethics Committee complaint by a constituent alleging Davis used official congressional office funds (~$42K in ads) to boost his primary reelection; this is an unadjudicated allegation with no public finding of wrongdoing. His lifetime missed-vote rate (6.0% vs. 2.1% median) is elevated but commonly attributable to age/medical absences, and his fundraising is modest.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trades disclosed. Quiver Quantitative shows no trades or stock-ticker holdings; reported assets are cash/funds, not individually-picked equities. No basis for self-dealing via trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative trading profile shows no disclosed individual stock trades or ticker holdings for Davis.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Danny%20K.%20Davis-D000096"},{"claim":"Disclosed assets reported as ~$92.1K cash on hand and ~$468K in publicly traded assets (funds), not active individual-stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Danny%20K.%20Davis-D000096/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth is among the lowest in Congress and grew modestly over tenure (~$264K in 2017 to ~$484K-520K in 2025-26), consistent with salary and market growth rather than enrichment beyond pay.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated 2017 net worth at $264,505, ranking 303rd in the House.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/danny-davis/net-worth?cid=N00004884&year=2017"},{"claim":"Quiver estimated net worth ~$484K (May 2026), ranking 395th in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Danny%20K.%20Davis-D000096/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Davis sits on Ways and Means (which oversees health/tax). No documented donor-vote alignment available to score.","evidence":[{"claim":"Davis is a member of the House Ways and Means Committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/danny-k-davis/summary?cid=N00004884"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":25,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"A Jan 2024 House Ethics complaint by constituent Tellis Parnell alleged Davis used official congressional office funds (~$42K, 27 ad buys after his June 2023 reelection announcement) to aid his primary. Allegation only; office denied wrongdoing; no public finding. Involves official-account misuse rather than classic campaign-fund personal enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Complaint alleged Davis's congressional office spent ~$42K on ads aiding his reelection; office denied wrongdoing, no disclosed outcome.","sourceUrl":"https://theintercept.com/2024/01/23/danny-davis-ads-congressional-funds/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of family lobbying, contracts tied to office, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence of evidence; not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 6.0% (1,107 of 18,371 since 1997) vs. 2.1% median, per GovTrack; often attributable to medical/age absences. Fundraising is modest (~$9.3K reported Q3 2025), so no heavy fundraising-vs-duty tradeoff evident.","evidence":[{"claim":"Davis missed 6.0% of roll-call votes (1,107 of 18,371) Jan 1997-Mar 2026, above the 2.1% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/danny_davis/400093"},{"claim":"Recently disclosed only ~$9.3K of fundraising in a Q3 2025 FEC filing.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Danny%20K.%20Davis-D000096/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M000133","name":"Edward J. Markey","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"MA","score":9,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Ed Markey (D-MA) presents a clean self-dealing profile across public records. His financial disclosures show holdings concentrated in diversified mutual funds and index funds (Fidelity, TIAA-CREF) rather than individual stocks, so there is no STOCK Act individual-trading activity to score. His reported net worth has grown to roughly $1.9M-$3.8M, but this growth is consistent with market appreciation of broad-market funds rather than salary-independent enrichment. Standard correlation concerns exist around telecom/tech industry money given his long Commerce Committee tenure, but he is widely regarded as a net-neutrality and pro-regulation champion who has frequently opposed those industries' positions. No campaign personal-use violations, family-lobbying ties, or fundraising-versus-work scandals surfaced; his lifetime missed-vote rate (~2.9%) is near the Senate median, with one notable 80% miss spike during the 2020 COVID period that coincided with his re-election primary.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Disclosures show holdings concentrated in diversified mutual funds and index funds (Fidelity-Rydex NASDAQ 100, TIAA-CREF Equity Index, Fidelity 500 Index), which are excepted/diversified vehicles. No STOCK Act periodic transaction reports of individual equities. Rubric: 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Markey's 2023 disclosure lists ~20 assets held primarily in mutual funds and index funds (e.g., Fidelity-Rydex NASDAQ 100, TIAA-CREF Equity Index R3, Fidelity 500 Index) rather than individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/ed-markey-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Markey's congressional trading/disclosure profile reflects fund holdings rather than active individual-equity transactions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Edward%20J.%20Markey-M000133"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth rose from ~$0.8M-0.9M (2017-2020) to ~$1.9M-3.8M range by 2023. The increase tracks appreciation of broad-market index/mutual funds during a strong equities period and is broadly consistent with market returns plus salary, not clearly anomalous enrichment. Low-moderate uncertainty due to range-based disclosures.","evidence":[{"claim":"Markey's estimated net worth was ~$819,507 in 2017 and ~$900,000 in 2020, rising to a $1.86M-$3.82M range per his most recent disclosure.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/ed-markey/net-worth?cid=N00000270"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Over a long Commerce Committee career Markey has received telecom/tech-sector contributions, an inherent overlap given his jurisdiction. However, he is a longtime net-neutrality and Title II regulation champion whose positions frequently run against telecom/ISP industry interests, weakening any quid-pro-quo inference. Score reflects sector-money concentration tempered by votes that often oppose those donors.","evidence":[{"claim":"Markey sits on the Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee and has long authored/championed net neutrality legislation opposed by major telecom and ISP corporations.","sourceUrl":"https://www.markey.senate.gov/priorities/telecommunications-the-internet-and-privacy"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Markey's career industry contributions, including communications/electronics-sector giving tied to his committee jurisdiction.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/ed-markey/industries?cid=N00000270&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit, and no FEC personal-use enforcement actions found against the Markey Committee. Absence is not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"The Markey Committee (C00196774) is Markey's principal campaign committee; no FEC personal-use violation or enforcement matter was identified in available records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00196774/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family members lobbying on matters tied to his office or of contracts steered to relatives. A standard staff-to-lobbyist pipeline likely exists for a long-tenured senator but no specific office-tied self-dealing was documented in sources reviewed. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"No documented family-lobbying or contract ties to Markey's office surfaced; his brothers are attorneys, with no record of lobbying his office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Markey"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate ~2.9% (140 of 4,774), near the Senate median of 2.8% - normal attendance. One notable spike: missed ~34 of 42 votes (~80%) in May-mid-June 2020, coinciding with his contested re-election primary, though also during the COVID period. No evidence of heavy paid speaking income. Modest score driven by the campaign-period absence spike.","evidence":[{"claim":"From 1977-2026 Markey missed 140 of 4,774 roll-call votes (2.9%), near the Senate median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/edward_markey/400253"},{"claim":"Markey missed about 80% of Senate votes (34 of 42) in May-mid-June 2020 during his re-election primary and the pandemic.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nbcboston.com/news/local/wheres-markey-senator-misses-dozens-of-votes-during-pandemic/2148887/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001169","name":"Christopher Murphy","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"CT","score":9,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Chris Murphy (D-CT) presents as a comparatively clean record on self-dealing metrics. He does not trade individual stocks, removing the highest-risk category entirely, and his estimated net worth is modest-to-negative (anchored by two mortgages), showing no enrichment beyond salary. His strongest signal is fundraising-related: Securities & Investment was the top industry to his 2024 joint Victory Fund and Soros Fund Management his top donor, but this is correlation only, weakened by the fact that he sits on Appropriations, HELP, and Foreign Relations rather than committees with securities jurisdiction. He maintains a strong voting-attendance record (1.2% missed, better than median), and no credible reporting was found alleging personal use of campaign funds or family/revolving-door lobbying tied to his office. Several categories returned insufficient data and were scored zero per the no-penalty-for-absence rule.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Multiple trackers (Quiver, MarketBeat) and reporting show Murphy does not own or trade individual stocks; his disclosed assets are mortgages, mutual/index funds, and book royalties. No STOCK Act transaction trail, so no volume, timing, or committee-overlap concerns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Murphy does not trade individual stocks; profile shows no individual-stock transactions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Christopher%20Murphy-M001169"},{"claim":"Reporting confirms Murphy avoids individual stock trading, removing STOCK Act disclosure obligations.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/chris-murphy-net-worth-revealed/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market. Estimated net worth is modest and frequently negative (~ -$4.65M to +$575K range on the 2023 disclosure; Quiver est. ~$904K), driven by two mortgages. He is among the less wealthy senators, not enriching beyond his salary over tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 disclosure implies net worth between -$4.65M and +$575K, anchored by two mortgages; Quiver estimates ~$904K.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Christopher%20Murphy-M001169/net-worth"},{"claim":"Book royalties (~$150K since publication) are the notable non-salary income; otherwise modest.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/chris-murphy-net-worth-revealed/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Securities & Investment was the top industry to his joint Victory Fund in 2024 (~$35,800; top donor Soros Fund Management ~$21,600). However, Murphy sits on Appropriations, HELP, and Foreign Relations — not the Banking/securities-jurisdiction committees — limiting any direct quid-pro-quo inference. No specific aligned-vote pattern tied to these donors was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Securities & Investment was the top industry to Chris Murphy Victory Fund in 2024 (~$35,800); Soros Fund Management top donor (~$21,600).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/chris-murphy-victory-fund/C00833046/2024/industries"},{"claim":"Murphy's committees are Appropriations, HELP, and Foreign Relations — outside banking/securities jurisdiction.","sourceUrl":"https://www.murphy.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/murphy-announces-119th-congress-committee-assignments"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence found of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit, and no FEC complaint or reporting alleging personal use surfaced. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee records for Murphy's committees show no reported personal-use enforcement matter.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00492645/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family lobbying or contracts tied to his office. His (now-separated) wife Cathy Holahan is an education-policy attorney, not a registered lobbyist on matters before him. No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline controversy surfaced. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Cathy Holahan is a principal attorney working on education policy/advocacy, not a registered federal lobbyist tied to his office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Murphy"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance. Missed 58 of 4,929 roll-call votes (1.2%) over his career through June 2026, better than the senatorial median of 2.8%. He fundraises actively (joint Victory Fund) like most senators, but no pattern of skipping votes for fundraising or paid speeches was found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 1.2% of roll-call votes career-to-date, better than the 2.8% median for sitting senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/christopher_murphy/412194"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"W000817","name":"Elizabeth Warren","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"MA","score":9,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Elizabeth Warren's most recent financial disclosure shows household assets held exclusively in mutual funds, index funds, and retirement/institutional accounts (e.g., TIAA-CREF, Vanguard 500 Index), with no individual stock positions that portfolio trackers can identify; Quiver Quantitative reports roughly $0 in live-trackable publicly traded stocks. She is a lead sponsor of bipartisan legislation to ban members of Congress and their spouses from owning or trading individual stocks. Her estimated net worth (cited between roughly $7M and $12M depending on source) derives largely from pre-office sources: a Harvard Law professorship, book royalties, and appreciation of a Cambridge home purchased in 1995. She does not accept corporate PAC or federal-lobbyist money, and her reported donor base skews toward education, lawyers, retirees, and small-dollar contributors rather than industries she regulates favorably. No FEC personal-use findings were located beyond an FEC advisory opinion permitting campaign funds for home cybersecurity, and her husband, Bruce Mann, is a Harvard Law historian with no identified lobbying activity. GovTrack records a 6.5% lifetime missed-vote rate, above the Senate median, largely attributable to her 2019-2020 presidential campaign.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Household holdings are exclusively mutual funds, index funds, and retirement/institutional accounts; no individual stock trades are tracked. Warren is a lead sponsor of a bill to ban congressional stock ownership.","evidence":[{"claim":"Warren's latest disclosure shows holdings exclusively in mutual funds and index funds (TIAA-CREF Traditional, QREARX, Vanguard 500 Index VFIAX, CREF Global Equities) with no individual stocks; Quiver reports approximately $0 in live-trackable publicly traded assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Elizabeth+Warren+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Warren co-introduced the bipartisan Ban on Congressional Stock Ownership Act requiring members and spouses to divest individual stocks, bonds, and other securities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/senators-warren-daines-introduce-new-bipartisan-bill-to-ban-members-of-congress-from-owning-and-trading-stocks"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's congressional trading profile for Warren shows no individual stock trade records populated.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Elizabeth%20Warren-W000817"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated roughly $7M-$12M, but wealth derives predominantly from pre-office sources (Harvard salary, book royalties, 1995 home appreciation) rather than growth attributable to her Senate tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Warren's net worth at about $7.1M (Aug 2025); other sources cite ~$8M (TheStreet) to ~$12M (Forbes).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Elizabeth%20Warren-W000817/net-worth"},{"claim":"Her wealth primarily comes from real estate, academic earnings, and book royalties; the couple's Cambridge home was bought for $447,000 in 1995 and is now estimated near $4.7M, reflecting market appreciation over three decades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.thestreet.com/personalities/elizabeth-warren-net-worth-15024381"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: Warren refuses corporate PAC and federal-lobbyist money; her donor base skews toward education, lawyers, retirees, and small-dollar individuals rather than industries (e.g., banking) she oversees, where her posture is adversarial.","evidence":[{"claim":"Warren states she does not accept PAC money, federal lobbyist money, or special access from rich donors, relying on small-dollar contributions.","sourceUrl":"https://law.stanford.edu/press/sen-warren-says-she-doesnt-take-pac-money-of-any-kind-what-does-that-mean/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Warren's industry and contributor breakdowns based on FEC filings; her top sectors historically center on education, lawyers/law firms, and retirees.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/elizabeth-warren/industries?cid=N00033492&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Reporting notes Warren's campaign-finance complexity, including a 2020 super PAC (Persist PAC) supporting her despite her pledge against outside spending.","sourceUrl":"https://time.com/5792563/elizabeth-warren-super-pac-support/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":4,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No FEC personal-use findings located. The only relevant item is an FEC advisory opinion permitting campaign funds for reasonable home cybersecurity, explicitly ruled not to be personal-use conversion.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC Advisory Opinion 2022-17 permitted Warren's committee to use campaign funds for home network cybersecurity without it constituting impermissible personal use.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/updates/ao-2022-17/"},{"claim":"No FEC complaints, violations, or investigations into improper personal use of campaign funds by Warren were identified in available records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S2MA00170/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No family lobbying or contracting tied to her office identified. Husband Bruce Mann is a Harvard Law professor and legal historian with no lobbying activity found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Bruce Mann, Warren's husband, is a Harvard Law School professor specializing in legal history and property law, with no lobbying activity indicated.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_H._Mann"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 6.5% (322 of 4,936 through June 2026) is above the Senate median of 2.8%, but the elevation is largely attributable to her 2019-2020 presidential campaign, not paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2013 to June 2026, Warren missed 322 of 4,936 roll call votes (6.5%), worse than the 2.8% median among currently serving senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/elizabeth_warren/412542"},{"claim":"GovTrack tracks that presidential candidates, including Warren, miss elevated numbers of votes while campaigning in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/presidential-candidates"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"O000172","name":"Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"NY","score":9,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY-14) presents a record with little evidence of personal financial self-dealing across most rubric categories. Public trackers and disclosures show no individual securities trades by her household, and she has co-sponsored multiple bills to ban congressional stock trading; her disclosed net worth remains modest (commonly estimated under ~$125K), with student-loan debt and bank/retirement accounts rather than market wealth. Her campaign finance profile is unusual in being dominated by small-dollar donors (~70% in 2024) with negligible PAC money (~0.3%) and no corporate PAC contributions, limiting industry-money concentration concerns, though one outlet has reported some lobbyist-affiliated individual donations despite her no-lobbyist-cash pledge. The two substantive accountability findings are a July 2025 House Ethics Committee determination that she \"impermissibly accepted gifts\" at the 2021 Met Gala (ordered to pay ~$3,000; found not knowing or willful), and a March 2026 partisan-watchdog FEC/OCC complaint alleging ~$18,725 in 2025 campaign payments to a psychiatrist were misreported personal-benefit spending — an unadjudicated allegation. Her voting attendance (~1.9% missed votes) is in line with the chamber median, and no credible record of family lobbying or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline tied to her office was found. Overall the sourced record points to low self-dealing, with the Met Gala gift finding being the only adjudicated violation.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual securities trades disclosed by AOC or her household under the STOCK Act; trackers show no trades, and she has co-sponsored multiple bills to ban congressional stock trading. Per rubric, 0 when the household does not trade individual stocks.","evidence":[{"claim":"Public trackers and disclosure records show no recorded individual stock trades for AOC; she states she does not trade individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Alexandria%20Ocasio-Cortez-O000172"},{"claim":"AOC introduced the bipartisan Restoring Faith in Government Act to prohibit members of Congress, their spouses, and dependents from owning or trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://ocasio-cortez.house.gov/media/press-releases/ocasio-cortez-fitzpatrick-mills-krishnamoorthi-launch-bipartisan-effort"},{"claim":"AOC co-sponsored a bipartisan bill (with Rep. Gaetz) to ban lawmakers from owning stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/matt-gaetz-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-congress-stock-ban-bill/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosed net worth remains modest after multiple terms — commonly estimated around or below ~$125K, consisting of bank accounts and a retirement/Thrift Savings Plan, alongside student-loan debt. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary and broad-market returns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Forbes estimated AOC's 2024 net worth at about $125,000, with most wealth in a Thrift Savings Plan; Quiver later estimated ~$49K.","sourceUrl":"https://parade.com/celebrities/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-aoc-net-worth"},{"claim":"Her 2023 disclosure listed only modest bank/401(k) balances ($1,001-$15,000 ranges) and student loan debt between $15,001 and $50,000.","sourceUrl":"https://disclosures-clerk.house.gov/public_disc/financial-pdfs/2024/10066093.pdf"},{"claim":"Fact-check: AOC is not a multimillionaire after serving in Congress; viral $29M net-worth claims are false.","sourceUrl":"https://www.yahoo.com/news/fact-check-no-aoc-not-020000977.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Campaign funding is overwhelmingly small-dollar (~70% in 2024) with ~0.3% from PACs and no corporate PAC money, limiting industry concentration. One outlet reports some lobbyist-affiliated individual donations despite her no-lobbyist-cash pledge.","evidence":[{"claim":"In the 2024 cycle ~69.9% of donations came from small individual donors and only ~0.3% from PACs; she has taken no corporate PAC money since her first campaign.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/alexandria-ocasio-cortez/summary?cid=N00041162&cycle=CAREER&type=I"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets profile details her donor base and industry/organization contributions for the 2024 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/profiles/alexandria-ocasio-cortez/us_congress/organizations?cycle=2024&mpid=1043803"},{"claim":"Washington Examiner reports records show some lobbyist-linked individual donations despite AOC's statements that she does not take lobbyist cash.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/investigations/3242797/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lobbyist-cash-records/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"A March 2026 FEC/OCC complaint by the National Legal and Policy Center alleges ~$18,725 in 2025 campaign payments to a psychiatrist (reported as 'leadership training and consulting') were personal-benefit services and were misreported. The complaint is unadjudicated; a separate 2022 FEC matter found no reason to believe she violated the law.","evidence":[{"claim":"NLPC filed a March 27, 2026 FEC/OCC complaint alleging three 2025 payments totaling $18,725 to a psychiatrist were for personal psychiatric services and were misreported as 'leadership training and consulting.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.foxnews.com/politics/federal-election-complaint-alleges-aoc-misused-campaign-funds-psychiatrist-services"},{"claim":"Coverage of the complaint detailing the allegations and the request that the OCC refer the matter to the House Ethics Committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/aoc-accused-misusing-campaign-funds-204551082.html"},{"claim":"An earlier (2022) FEC case found no reason to believe respondents associated with AOC violated the Federal Election Campaign Act.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00639591/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence of family lobbying or contracting tied to her office; her partner Riley Roberts works in web development/marketing, not lobbying. Some early staff departed to advocacy nonprofits/campaign roles rather than K Street lobbying; no clear staff-to-lobbyist pipeline documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Partner Riley Roberts is described as a web developer/marketer, not a lobbyist; no family-lobbying ties documented.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandria_Ocasio-Cortez"},{"claim":"Early senior staff (chief of staff Saikat Chakrabarti, comms director Corbin Trent) departed to a climate-focused nonprofit and her campaign, respectively, rather than to lobbying firms.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/ocasio-cortezs-chief-of-staff-will-resign-to-join-group-working-on-green-new-deal/2019/08/02/14c1cf14-b569-11e9-951e-de024209545d_story.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":6,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed-vote rate (~1.9% over 2019-June 2026) is in line with the chamber median (~2.1%). A 2025 fact-check found her absences during a multi-state rally tour were limited and consistent with her overall record; no pattern of missing votes for paid speeches found.","evidence":[{"claim":"From Jan 2019 to June 2026 AOC missed 72 of 3,777 roll-call votes (1.9%), on par with the 2.1% median of currently serving representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/alexandria_ocasio_cortez/412804"},{"claim":"Fact brief examining whether AOC missed congressional votes to host rallies in Arizona; her attendance remained consistent with peers.","sourceUrl":"https://azcir.org/news/2025/03/28/did-u-s-rep-ocasio-cortez-miss-congressional-votes-to-host-rallies-in-arizona/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"O000174","name":"Jon Ossoff","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"GA","score":9,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Jon Ossoff (D-GA) presents an unusually clean profile on self-dealing metrics. He placed his portfolio in a qualified blind trust in 2021 and is the lead Senate author of the Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act, so no individual-stock trading by him or his spouse appears in public PTR records. His net worth (estimated roughly $3-5M in 2025) largely traces to pre-office inheritance and his media company Insight, not unexplained in-office growth. No FEC complaints for personal use of campaign funds, no documented family-lobbying or staff-to-lobbyist scandals surfaced, and his missed-vote rate (about 4.1% lifetime) is modestly above the Senate median but unremarkable. The main caveat is campaign-money correlation: he is a prolific fundraiser, but no evidence ties donor industries to specific self-interested votes.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Ossoff placed his portfolio in a qualified blind trust in 2021 (one of ~10 members to do so) and is lead author of the Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act. No personal/spouse PTR stock trades found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ossoff fulfilled his pledge to put his stock portfolio in a blind trust, one of only ~10 sitting members to do so.","sourceUrl":"https://www.kelly.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/kelly-ossoff-reintroduce-congressional-stock-trading-ban/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative congressional-trading profile shows no individual-stock trading activity for Ossoff.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jon%20Ossoff-O000174"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated ~$3-5M (2025), with up to $5M in a blind trust. Wealth largely predates office (inheritance + Insight media company); no evidence of in-office growth beyond salary/market. Blind-trust opacity limits precision.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth estimated $3-5M in 2025; assets held in a qualified blind trust valued up to $5M; wealth sources include pre-office inheritance and his Insight company.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/jon-ossoff-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver estimates Ossoff worth ~$3.2M as of Sept 2025.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jon%20Ossoff-O000174/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Ossoff is among the top congressional fundraisers ($10.3M Q1 + $9.1M Q2 2025), drawing heavily from lawyers, finance, and media/entertainment donors per OpenSecrets. No documented instance of a donor-aligned self-interested vote or earmark; he also sponsors legislation to remove corporate money from politics.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ossoff disclosed $10.3M (Q1) and $9.1M (Q2) of 2025 fundraising, among the most of any senator.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Fundraising+Update:+Senator+Jon+Ossoff+just+disclosed+$9.1M+of+new+fundraising"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets industry breakdown of Ossoff's top contributing sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/jon-ossoff/industries?cid=N00040675&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC complaints, enforcement actions, or reporting found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee overview for Jon Ossoff for Senate shows no public enforcement actions for personal use.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00718866/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying, family contracts tied to his office, or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline surfaced in public reporting. Absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ballotpedia profile and public records reflect no documented family-lobbying or revolving-door controversy.","sourceUrl":"https://ballotpedia.org/Jon_Ossoff"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 100 of 2,467 votes (4.1%) lifetime through June 2026, modestly above the Senate median of 2.8%, while running one of the heaviest 2025 fundraising operations in the chamber. No evidence of paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ossoff missed 100 of 2,467 roll-call votes (4.1%) Jan 2021-June 2026, worse than the 2.8% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jon_ossoff/456857"},{"claim":"Disclosed $10.3M and $9.1M of 2025 fundraising, among the most of any senator.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Fundraising+Update:+Senator+Jon+Ossoff+just+disclosed+$9.1M+of+new+fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"A000382","name":"Angela D. Alsobrooks","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"MD","score":9,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Angela Alsobrooks (D-MD) entered the U.S. Senate in January 2025, giving her roughly an 18-month federal tenure as of mid-2026, which sharply limits the data available for several metrics. Her financial disclosure shows no individual-stock trading (trackers report ~$0 in publicly traded equities) and a modest estimated net worth around $558K, consisting mainly of a rental property, a state pension, and a bank account. Most documented controversies predate her Senate service and stem from her time as Prince George's County Executive: a 2024 CNN report that she improperly claimed homestead and senior-citizen property-tax exemptions (which she pledged to repay), and reporting that waste-management firms holding county contracts donated to her campaigns. An FEC complaint over county-funded ads benefiting her Senate run was dismissed in April 2025. Overall her federal record is short and shows no individual-stock conflicts; the notable items are pre-office, county-level matters reported in public records.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Disclosure shows up to $15K in a Bank of America account, up to $500K rental property, and a Maryland state pension; trackers report ~$0 in live-trackable publicly traded equities and no periodic transaction reports of stock trades.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver reports Alsobrooks has approximately $0 in trackable publicly traded assets; holdings are a rental property, state pension, and up to $15K Bank of America.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Angela+Alsobrooks+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Senators must file PTRs for stock trades over $1,000 via the Senate EFDS; no such trades surfaced for Alsobrooks.","sourceUrl":"https://efdsearch.senate.gov/search/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$558K (Sept 2025), ranking among the lower half of Congress. With only ~18 months in federal office and a single disclosure cycle, there is no measurable in-office growth beyond salary/market to assess. Pre-office wealth is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth ~$558,000 as of September 2025, ranking 387th in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Angela+Alsobrooks+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As county executive she received $54K+ from waste-management firms holding ~$325M in county trash contracts, with some donations timed near contract re-bids (no quid pro quo alleged; a contractor disputed receiving any perk). At the federal level her committees (Banking; HELP; EPW; Aging) align with donor sectors, but no specific vote-for-dollars pattern is yet documented in her short tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Waste-management companies holding ~$325M in county contracts donated $54K+ to Alsobrooks, some near contract re-bids; no direct quid pro quo alleged.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/campaigns/congressional/3177703/alsobrooks-donors-companies-awarded-government-contracts/"},{"claim":"Senate committee assignments include Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs and HELP, sectors with concentrated donor interest.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congress.gov/member/angela-alsobrooks/A000382/committees"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No FEC finding of personal use of campaign funds. An FEC complaint alleged she used county public funds for ads benefiting her Senate campaign and that a state committee made fundraising disbursements aiding the federal race; the Commission dismissed the matter and closed the file in April 2025. Separately, she improperly claimed homestead/senior property-tax exemptions (a personal tax benefit, not campaign funds) and pledged repayment.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC dismissed and closed the complaint alleging improper county/state spending benefiting her Senate campaign (April 2025).","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/files/legal/murs/8332/8332_12.pdf"},{"claim":"CNN found she improperly claimed homestead and senior-citizen tax exemptions on DC and MD properties, saving thousands; she pledged repayment.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/22/politics/angela-alsobrooks-improper-tax-deductions/index.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting found of family members lobbying tied to her office or a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Early-tenure staff turnover exists (e.g., a communications director departing April 2026) but no lobbying registrations linked to her office were identified in public records.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm staff records for her office show standard congressional staffing with no documented lobbying-registration pipeline.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/pro/staffer_list/member_id/3772/name/Angela_Alsobrooks.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No data found indicating a notable missed-vote record or heavy paid-speech/fundraising pattern conflicting with duties during her short first-term tenure. No reliable missed-votes statistic was available for scoring.","evidence":[{"claim":"Congress.gov member profile (legislative activity baseline); no excessive missed-vote pattern documented.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congress.gov/member/angela-alsobrooks/A000382"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"J000288","name":"Henry C. \"Hank\" Johnson, Jr.","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"GA","score":8,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Hank Johnson (D-GA4), in office since 2007, has one of the lowest net worths in Congress (estimated at roughly $0 to slightly negative in recent years) and no tracked individual-stock trading activity, making stock-related self-dealing metrics inapplicable. His campaign is heavily PAC-funded (~80% of 2023-24 receipts), with transportation unions and Cox Enterprises among top donors, which correlates loosely with his Transportation and Judiciary committee work, but no documented quid-pro-quo exists. His only notable ethics matters are a 2021 protest-arrest fine (closed by the Ethics Committee) and a 2020 watchdog complaint alleging improper use of his official website to aid Jon Ossoff; neither resulted in major sanctions. Missed votes (3.7% lifetime) are modestly above the chamber median but not paired with heavy paid outside activity. Overall this is a comparatively low-risk profile.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock STOCK Act trades found. Quiver Quantitative tracks approximately $0 in publicly traded assets for Johnson, and OpenSecrets shows no equity holdings of note. Score 0 per rubric (no individual-stock trading).","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative reports Johnson has ~$0 invested in trackable publicly traded assets and is among the lowest net worths in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Henry%20C.%20%22Hank%22%20Johnson,%20Jr.-J000288/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No enrichment beyond salary. Net worth has remained near zero or negative over tenure (OpenSecrets estimated -$110K for 2018; Quiver ~$32.5K in 2026). No evidence of growth beyond salary/market; rubric scores absence at 0.","evidence":[{"claim":"Johnson's estimated 2026 net worth is roughly $32.5K, ranking 474th in Congress; OpenSecrets data showed negative figures in prior years.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Henry%20C.%20%22Hank%22%20Johnson,%20Jr.-J000288/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Campaign is ~80% PAC-funded (2023-24). Top donors include Transportation Unions (~$60K) and Cox Enterprises (~$10K), broadly aligned with his Transportation & Infrastructure and Judiciary/antitrust roles. No documented quid-pro-quo; reflects routine industry concentration matching committee assignments.","evidence":[{"claim":"Johnson's 2023-24 funding was 79.86% PAC contributions; Transportation Unions gave ~$60,004 and Cox Enterprises ~$10,090.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/hank-johnson/summary?cid=N00027848"},{"claim":"Johnson serves on Judiciary (antitrust subcommittee) and Transportation & Infrastructure committees.","sourceUrl":"https://hankjohnson.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/congressman-johnson-secures-seats-judiciary-and-transportation-and"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit. A 2020 watchdog complaint alleged misuse of his official (taxpayer) House website to aid Jon Ossoff, but that concerns official resources, not campaign-funds personal use, and produced no sanction. No data on personal-use spending; scored 0 per no-penalize-absence rule.","evidence":[{"claim":"A 2020 ethics-group complaint alleged Johnson improperly used his official House website to aid candidate Jon Ossoff; no major sanction resulted.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ajc.com/blog/politics/ethics-group-hank-johnson-improperly-aided-jon-ossoff-with-taxpayer-resources/ifzOVyY0x6an0zxyLSN2oI/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying, contracts tied to office, or staff-to-lobbyist pipeline found in available public records. Scored 0 per no-penalize-absence rule.","evidence":[{"claim":"No revolving-door or family-lobbying findings appear in OpenSecrets, GovTrack, or ethics records reviewed.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/henry_johnson/412199"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":14,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 3.7% (472 of 12,653 votes, 2007-June 2026) is above the 2.1% median for currently serving representatives. No evidence of heavy paid speeches or outside income driving absences; modest score reflects the above-median attendance gap alone.","evidence":[{"claim":"Johnson missed 472 of 12,653 roll-call votes (3.7%) from Jan 2007 to June 2026, worse than the 2.1% median of current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/henry_johnson/412199"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"V000128","name":"Chris Van Hollen","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"MD","score":8,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Chris Van Hollen (D-MD) presents a notably clean self-dealing profile. He reports minimal personal wealth — a negative-to-low estimated net worth driven largely by a home mortgage, with holdings concentrated in mutual funds and retirement accounts rather than individual stocks — and is a lead co-sponsor of the ETHICS Act to ban congressional stock trading. His most visible financial-influence signal is heavy contributions from lawyers/law firms and federally registered lobbyists (he led Congress in lobbyist contributions in 2016); this is a correlation, not proof of self-dealing. His voting attendance (2.3% missed) is in line with Senate norms, and no credible public records indicate campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying tied to his office, or market-beating stock trades.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No record of active individual-stock trading by Van Hollen or spouse; disclosures show mutual funds and retirement accounts, not individual equities. He is a lead co-sponsor of the ETHICS Act to ban members from owning/trading individual stocks. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Disclosures show mutual funds and retirement accounts rather than individual stocks or a real-estate/startup portfolio.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Chris%20Van%20Hollen-V000128"},{"claim":"Van Hollen co-sponsored the ETHICS Act barring members, spouses, and dependents from owning or trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.vanhollen.senate.gov/news/press-releases/van-hollen-cardin-join-colleagues-to-introduce-bipartisan-legislation-to-end-corrupt-stock-trading-activities-by-members-of-congress"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth is negative-to-low (roughly -$455k to -$100k per recent disclosure), driven by a $250k-$500k home mortgage. Among the least wealthy senators; no evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary/market over tenure. No enrichment to score.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023 disclosure estimates net worth between roughly -$455,000 and -$100,000, largely due to a $250,001-$500,000 mortgage liability; among the poorest members.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/chris-van-hollen-net-worth/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finances profile tracks his asset/liability ranges over time.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/chris-van-hollen/net-worth?cid=N00013820"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":32,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Lawyers/law firms are his single largest career contributor source; in 2016 he was the top congressional recipient of contributions from registered lobbyists, and half his top-20 donors were D.C. law firms that lobby. This shows donor concentration in one sector but no documented quid-pro-quo or specific aligned votes traded for money.","evidence":[{"claim":"Three of his top five donors were lobbying law firms; in 2016 he led Congress in contributions from federally registered lobbyists, with half his top 20 donors D.C. law firms.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2017/03/van-hollen-led-congress-contributions-lobbyists/"},{"claim":"Career industry breakdown shows lawyers/law firms as his largest contributor industry.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/chris-van-hollen/industries?cid=N00013820&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"No credible record of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. A partisan-driven story flagged a ~$7,128 campaign tab at a D.C. bar, which the campaign stated was a 50-member staff party — a permissible campaign expense, not documented personal benefit. No FEC enforcement action found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Campaign spent ~$7,128 at a D.C. bar, which Van Hollen described as a 50-member staff party.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/senate/4565665/patel-van-hollen-7000-bar-tab/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found tying family members' lobbying or contracts to his office, nor a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline implicating self-dealing. Per rubric, absence of data is not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed only 86 of 3,787 roll-call votes (2.3%) over his career, slightly better than the Senate median (~2.8%). No evidence of neglecting legislative duties for fundraising or paid speeches. Low score reflects strong attendance.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed 86 of 3,787 roll-call votes (2.3%), on par with or better than the Senate median of 2.8%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/chris_van_hollen/400415"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"Y000064","name":"Todd Young","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"IN","score":8,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Todd Young (R-IN) presents an unusually clean financial-conduct profile. Disclosures show effectively no individual-stock holdings or STOCK Act trades; his assets are limited to a state retirement fund and small bank accounts, and trackers estimate his net worth near zero or negative, largely due to debt, so there is no evidence of net-worth enrichment beyond salary. As a senator on Commerce and Foreign Relations, he led the bipartisan CHIPS and Science Act, and securities, defense and tech interests appear among his donors; this represents correlation between industry support and his legislative agenda, not proof of any quid pro quo. No public records were found indicating campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying tied to his office, or fundraising-driven absenteeism, and his missed-vote rate (about 1.5% lifetime) is better than the Senate median.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Disclosures and trackers show essentially $0 in publicly traded securities; assets are a state attorneys' retirement fund and small regional bank accounts, with no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports of equities.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Young has approximately $0 invested in publicly traded assets it can track; holdings are retirement and bank accounts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Todd+Young+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"2022 disclosure assets are an Indiana Prosecuting Attorneys' Retirement Fund and two small bank accounts, no individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/todd-young/net-worth?cid=N00030670"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No enrichment beyond salary. OpenSecrets and Quiver estimate net worth near zero or negative (debt exceeding assets in several years), with no abnormal growth over his Senate tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimates Young's net worth in a negative range (roughly -$498k to -$135k), reflecting debt exceeding assets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/todd-young/net-worth?cid=N00030670"},{"claim":"Quiver estimates net worth around $91k as of Aug 2025, ranking 463rd in Congress, consisting of retirement/savings not investments.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Todd+Young+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Securities, defense and tech sectors appear among Young's donors while he authored the CHIPS and Science Act benefiting semiconductor/defense interests (including Indiana's NSWC Crane). Alignment of industry support and agenda is expected for a Commerce/Foreign Relations senator and is not evidence of a quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Young co-authored the CHIPS and Science Act, a $280B semiconductor/tech bill with $2B for DoD semiconductors and a role for Indiana's NSWC Crane.","sourceUrl":"https://indianacapitalchronicle.com/2022/07/28/sen-todd-youngs-bill-to-support-u-s-made-semiconductor-chips-gets-senate-approval/"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Young's top contributing industries and organizations on his campaign finance summary.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/todd-young/summary?cid=N00030670"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found alleging or documenting personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. His committee (Friends of Todd Young) reports standard campaign expenditures with no FEC enforcement matter identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"Friends of Todd Young, Inc. committee filings are available via FEC with no identified personal-use enforcement action.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00459255/?tab=filings"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of spouse or family lobbying tied to his office, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Standard staff turnover exists but no documented conflict was located.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm staff and disclosure records for Young show no documented family-lobbying or contract conflict tied to his office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/52983/Todd_Christopher_Young.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance. Young missed 56 of 3,787 roll-call votes (1.5%) from 2011 to June 2026, better than the Senate median of 2.8%. Routine campaign fundraising exists with no evidence it displaces legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Young missed 1.5% of roll-call votes lifetime, better than the median of 2.8% among sitting senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/todd_young/412428"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"P000145","name":"Alex Padilla","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"CA","score":8,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Alex Padilla (D-CA) presents a notably clean financial-accountability profile. His disclosed assets are dominated by diversified funds, ETFs, and a CalPERS pension, with essentially no active individual-stock trading and only one individual equity holding (Bank of America). His estimated net worth (~$85K as of late 2025) is among the lowest in the Senate and shows no enrichment beyond salary. His voting attendance (2.9% missed) is at the Senate median, and no public records document campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying tied to his office, or net-worth red flags. His donor base is diffuse and individual-donor-heavy; the lawyers/law-firms industry leads contributions, which is correlation only and not evidence of self-dealing.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No pattern of individual-stock trading. Disclosures show diversified funds/ETFs (Target Date 2035, iShares Gold, JPMorgan EM fund) and CalPERS; only one individual equity (Bank of America, up to $50K) held, not actively traded. No suspicious timing or committee-sector overlap documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Padilla's portfolio is dominated by diversified funds/ETFs with only one individual stock (Bank of America up to $50K); rest are mutual funds and a pension.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Alex+Padilla+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Senate STOCK Act PTR disclosures show no active individual-stock trading volume for Padilla.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/memberdisclosure/3500/Sen_Alex_Padilla.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":2,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$84-86K as of late 2025, ranking around 468th in Congress (near the bottom). No evidence of growth beyond salary or normal market returns over his 2021-present tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"As of October 2025, Padilla's estimated net worth was ~$85.8K, 468th highest in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Alex+Padilla+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Donor base is diffuse and individual-heavy (73% large individuals, ~20% PAC, ~5% small). Lawyers/law firms lead industry giving (~$1.49M, 2019-2024), e.g. Hueston Hennigan ($135K). No documented quid-pro-quo or specifically aligned votes/bills; concentration is moderate, not extreme.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lawyers/law firms were the top industry giving to Padilla (~$1.49M, 2019-2024); 73.4% of funds came from large individual donors, 19.8% from PACs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/alex-padilla/summary?cid=N00047888"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found documenting personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Notably, Padilla donated/returned contributions linked to FTX's Sam Bankman-Fried after the scandal. No ethics complaints identified.","evidence":[{"claim":"Padilla donated the contributions he received from FTX's Sam Bankman-Fried following the campaign-finance scandal.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ftx-sam-bankman-fried-political-donations-2022/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found tying family members to lobbying or contracts dependent on his office. Spouse Angela Padilla runs a mental-health nonprofit (FundaMental Change), not a lobbying firm. No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline reporting located.","evidence":[{"claim":"Spouse Angela Padilla founded FundaMental Change, a mental-health nonprofit; no lobbying ties found.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Padilla"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed only 72 of 2,451 roll-call votes (2.9%) Jan 2021-Jun 2026, at the Senate median (2.8%). He fundraises actively (e.g., $376.7K in Q2 2025; DSCC Vice Chair role), but attendance shows no neglect of job duties; no paid-speech issues documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Padilla missed 72 of 2,451 roll call votes (2.9%) from Jan 2021 to June 2026, on par with the 2.8% Senate median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/alejandro_padilla/456856"},{"claim":"Padilla disclosed $376.7K of new fundraising in his Q2 2025 FEC filing, 92.8% from individuals.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/fundraising-update-senator-alex-padilla-just-disclosed-3767k-new-fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000009","name":"Marcy Kaptur","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"OH","score":7,"coverage":3,"former":false,"summary":"Marcy Kaptur (D-OH9), the longest-serving woman in U.S. House history (since 1983) and a senior House Appropriations member, presents an unusually clean self-dealing profile. By her office's account she has never bought or traded individual stocks in nearly four decades of disclosures; her only STOCK Act issue was a $200 fine for late reporting of Andersons shares she inherited from her brother. Her net worth is modest (roughly $155K, ranked ~285th in the House per OpenSecrets' last available data), and no credible reporting shows family lobbying ties, campaign personal-use violations, or heavy fundraising paired with absenteeism. The main scoreable consideration is correlational money-influence from her senior Appropriations perch and labor/aligned-PAC funding, which is common for incumbents and carries no documented quid pro quo.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Per her spokesman, in ~38 years of disclosures Kaptur has never purchased or traded individual stocks; her only STOCK Act matter was a $200 late-filing fine on Andersons shares inherited from her brother. Disclosed holdings are passive (ETFs, credit union, inherited Nutrien/Andersons shares).","evidence":[{"claim":"Spokesman: Kaptur has never purchased or traded individual stocks in 38 years of disclosures; $200 fine was for late reporting of inherited Andersons stock.","sourceUrl":"https://www.wtol.com/article/news/politics/marcy-kaptur-fined-failing-to-report-stock-transaction/512-2a727421-3355-49fe-9054-c2086caabc75"},{"claim":"Disclosed holdings are passive: ultrashort fixed-income ETF (DUSB), Congressional Federal Credit Union, and Nutrien common shares.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Representative+Marcy+Kaptur+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary and market. OpenSecrets' last available estimate (~$155K in 2018, ranked ~285th in the House) is modest and stable versus prior years ($162.5K in 2017). A viral '$1.8 billion' figure traces to an unreliable SEO site and is not credible. No documented enrichment beyond congressional salary.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Kaptur's 2018 net worth at ~$155,006, ranking 285th in the House; prior-year figures were similarly modest.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/marcy-kaptur/net-worth?cid=N00003522"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. As a senior Appropriations Committee member (Defense; Energy & Water ranking member; Agriculture) Kaptur sits over sectors that lobby heavily. 2023-24 funding skewed to large individual donors (~46%) and PACs (~30%), including labor and aligned issue PACs (e.g., JStreetPAC $54,900). This donor-vote alignment is typical for senior incumbents; no documented quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"2023-24 cycle funding: ~46% large individual, ~30% PAC; Retired sector $487K and JStreetPAC $54,900 among notable sources.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/marcy-kaptur/summary?cid=N00003522"},{"claim":"Kaptur serves on House Appropriations (Defense; Energy & Water Development as ranking member; Agriculture) and Budget committees.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcy_Kaptur"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit. No FEC enforcement actions or investigative reporting found alleging personal use of campaign funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC candidate record for Kaptur shows no personal-use enforcement findings in available filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2OH09031/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family lobbying or contracts tied to her office. Kaptur is unmarried with no documented spouse/children; no reporting found of relatives lobbying or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline linked to self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Biographical sources reference only her parents; no spouse, children, or family lobbyists documented.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcy_Kaptur"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of high missed-vote rates paired with heavy fundraising or paid speeches. GovTrack maintains her attendance record; no reporting flags chronic absenteeism. No paid-speech income found.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack tracks Kaptur's 118th Congress missed-vote record; no flag of notable absenteeism.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/marcy_kaptur/400211/report-card/2024"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001177","name":"Tom McClintock","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"CA","score":7,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Tom McClintock (R-CA, currently CA-05) is a longtime fiscal-conservative House member who presents an unusually clean self-dealing profile. Public records show a very modest net worth (OpenSecrets estimated roughly $40,000 in 2018, among the lowest in Congress) and no evidence of individual-stock trading under the STOCK Act, which keeps the two highest-weighted components at zero. His voting attendance is strong (about 1.3% of roll-call votes missed over his career per GovTrack, better than the median), and no credible reports of campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying, or staff revolving-door enrichment surfaced. The only modest exposure is the standard correlation between his donor base (financial, ideological/conservative, and energy-aligned PACs and individuals) and his free-market voting record, which is common and not evidence of quid pro quo.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock STOCK Act trades found for McClintock or his late spouse. Trade-tracking aggregators (Quiver Quantitative) show no populated trade history, consistent with his very modest disclosed finances. Score 0 per rubric (no individual-stock trading).","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative's congressional-trading profile for McClintock shows no populated stock-trade records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Tom%20McClintock-M001177"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets net-worth data indicates very modest assets (~$40,501 in 2018), inconsistent with active stock trading.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/tom-mcclintock/net-worth?cid=N00006863"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"OpenSecrets estimated McClintock's net worth at roughly $40,500 in 2018, among the lowest in Congress, with no evidence of growth beyond salary/market. No data indicating enrichment beyond his congressional salary during tenure; no penalty applied for absence.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated McClintock's 2018 net worth at about $40,501, among the lowest in the chamber.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/tom-mcclintock/net-worth?cid=N00006863"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. McClintock's donor base skews toward financial, energy, and conservative-ideological PACs/individuals, aligning with his consistent free-market, anti-tax, pro-resource-development voting. This alignment is typical of a safe-seat ideological conservative and reflects shared philosophy rather than demonstrated transactional influence.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets career contributor and industry data document McClintock's donor base concentration.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/contributors?cid=N00006863&cycle=CAREER"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets campaign-finance summary aggregates his fundraising and industry sources.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00006863"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reports, FEC complaints, or news coverage found alleging personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds by McClintock. No data; no penalty for absence.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee filings for McClintock for Congress are publicly available; no personal-use findings surfaced.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00446815/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family members lobbying tied to his office or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. His late wife Lori was a real-estate recruiter (Lyon Real Estate), unrelated to federal lobbying. No data; no penalty for absence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Biographical records show his late wife worked in real-estate recruiting, not lobbying; no family lobbying ties reported.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_McClintock"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: GovTrack reports McClintock missed about 137 of 10,777 votes (1.3%) over his career, better than the median. No evidence of paid speeches/honoraria displacing legislative duties. Low score reflects a diligent attendance record.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack: McClintock missed 137 of 10,777 roll-call votes (1.3%) Jan 2009-June 2026, better than the median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/tom_mcclintock/412295"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"N000002","name":"Jerrold Nadler","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"NY","score":7,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Jerrold Nadler, a long-serving House Democrat from New York (in Congress since 1992), presents one of the cleaner self-dealing profiles among veteran members. He reports no individual stock trading under the STOCK Act, and his net worth has remained consistently modest—estimated around $121,000 in 2018 and reportedly under $200,000 in recent filings—ranking him among the least wealthy members of Congress despite three-plus decades in office. His campaign funding draws heavily from the legal industry (his top sector) and PACs, which is a correlation-not-proof signal given his role as a senior Judiciary Committee member, but no public records establish personal enrichment, campaign-fund personal use, or family lobbying ties. His lifetime missed-vote rate (4.6%) is modestly above the median but is publicly attributed in part to medical and family health emergencies. Overall the documented record is consistent with low self-dealing.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual stock trades disclosed for Nadler or spouse. Trade-tracking databases show zero STOCK Act periodic transaction reports; assets are limited to bank accounts and a state pension. Scored 0 per rubric (no individual-stock trading).","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative shows zero recorded trades for Nadler (trade volume, total trades, last traded all blank).","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jerrold%20Nadler-N000002"},{"claim":"2018 OpenSecrets profile shows assets concentrated in bank accounts (~$130K), no individual equities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/jerrold-nadler/net-worth?cid=N00000939"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Net worth has stayed modest across decades in office (~$121K in 2018; reportedly under $200K in recent reports), with significant past liabilities. No growth beyond salary; he ranks among the least wealthy members. No evidence of enrichment beyond congressional salary and a NY state pension.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated 2018 net worth at $121,003; recent reports suggest still modest, under $200K.","sourceUrl":"https://x.com/grok/status/1968497780734967825"},{"claim":"2024 disclosure shows income limited to a $23,413 NY state pension plus congressional salary.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/jerrold-nadler/net-worth?cid=N00000939"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Top contributing industry is Lawyers/Law Firms ($132,467 in 2023-24), concentrated alignment with his senior role on the House Judiciary Committee. PACs supply ~40% of funds. No documented quid-pro-quo; the concentration is typical of a Judiciary leader and represents alignment, not evidence of vote-buying.","evidence":[{"claim":"For 2023-24, Nadler's top industry was Lawyers/Law Firms ($132,467); funding was 39.8% PAC contributions.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00000939"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public FEC enforcement actions, audits, or credible reports of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds were found. Per rubric, absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"No personal-use violations or FEC enforcement actions found in available records; FEC candidate page shows routine filings.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2NY17071/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found tying family members to lobbying or federal contracts connected to his office, nor any documented notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Per rubric, absence of evidence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"LegiStorm and OpenSecrets lobbying/staff pages surface no documented family lobbying or contract ties to Nadler.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/51541/Jerrold_Lewis_Nadler.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate of 4.6% (958 of 20,942 roll calls, 1993-2026) is above the ~2.1% median for current members, but GovTrack notes absences were partly due to a medical emergency and his wife's illness. No reports of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absenteeism. Modest score reflects the above-median rate, tempered by documented health causes.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack: Nadler missed 958 of 20,942 roll call votes (4.6%) Jan 1993-June 2026, vs. 2.1% median; some absences tied to medical/family emergencies.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jerrold_nadler/400289"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"K000394","name":"Andy Kim","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NJ","score":7,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Andy Kim (D-NJ), elected to the Senate in 2024 after three House terms, presents a largely clean public record on self-dealing metrics. His financial disclosures show only diversified index funds, ETFs, and target-date retirement funds rather than active individual-stock trading, and his estimated net worth (~$1.6M) is mid-pack for Congress. No ethics complaints, personal-use-of-funds allegations, or family lobbying ties surfaced in public records; his spouse is a tax attorney. His Senate voting attendance is among the strongest in the chamber (about 0.8% missed votes). The only modest signals are routine industry concentration in his donor base (securities/investment, lawyers) common to NJ Democrats, which is correlation, not proof of influence.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosures show only broad-market index funds, ETFs, and target-date retirement funds (e.g., VTI, VITSX, BlackRock 2033, T. Rowe Price Retire 2045). No active individual-stock periodic transaction reports identified. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kim's disclosed holdings are mutual funds, ETFs, and target-date funds with no individual company stocks actively traded.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Andy+Kim+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Quiver tracks ~$344.7K in publicly traded assets, predominantly index funds; trade volume not flagged.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Andy%20Kim-K000394"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$1.6M as of late 2025, ranking ~272nd in Congress (mid-pack). No evidence of growth beyond salary plus normal market returns since taking office; holdings are passive index/target-date funds consistent with ordinary appreciation.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver estimates Kim's net worth at ~$1.6M (Aug-Oct 2025), 272nd-273rd highest in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Andy%20Kim-K000394/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Donor base shows concentration in securities/investment and legal sectors typical of a NJ Democrat; Centerview Partners (investment bank) was the top Victory Fund donor (~$66,200 in 2024). No specific documented vote-for-money quid pro quo identified; reflects routine industry alignment, not demonstrated influence.","evidence":[{"claim":"Centerview Partners was the top donor to the Andy Kim Victory Fund in 2024 (~$66,200).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/andy-kim-victory-fund/C00883223/2024/donors"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets campaign-finance summary detailing Kim's top industries and contributors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/andy-kim/summary?cid=N00041370"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No ethics complaints, FEC enforcement actions, or credible reporting of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds identified in public records. Per rubric, absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee overview for Andy Kim for New Jersey; no personal-use findings located.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00648220/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence of family lobbying or contracts tied to office. Spouse Kammy Lai is a tax attorney, not a lobbyist. No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline surfaced. Absence not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kim's wife Kammy Lai is a tax attorney; no lobbying ties identified.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Kim"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only 7 of 853 roll-call votes (0.8%) Jan 2019-June 2026, better than the 2.8% Senate median. Active fundraising (e.g., a disclosed $357.1K tranche) is ordinary for a first-term senator; no pattern of skipping work for fundraising or paid speeches found.","evidence":[{"claim":"Kim missed 7 of 853 roll call votes (0.8%), better than the 2.8% chamber median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/andy_kim/412797"},{"claim":"Kim disclosed $357.1K of new fundraising in a recent filing.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Fundraising+Update:+Senator+Andy+Kim+just+disclosed+$357.1K+of+new+fundraising"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000555","name":"Kirsten E. Gillibrand","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NY","score":6,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Gillibrand's disclosed assets are mostly bank deposits and real estate, with no documented active individual-stock trading; she led 2012 STOCK Act passage and has repeatedly introduced bills to ban congressional stock ownership. Her lifetime missed-vote rate (2.7%) is near the Senate median, though it spiked to ~15% during her 2019-20 presidential run, a common pattern for candidates. No campaign-fund personal-use findings or revolving-door family issues were identified. On the scored components her record is largely clean.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Disclosures show bank deposits and real estate, not active single-stock trading; she led STOCK Act passage and authored bills to ban congressional individual-stock ownership.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gillibrand's disclosed assets are bank deposits (Citi, Senate FCU, TrustCo) and homes, with no active individual-stock trading reported.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/kirsten-gillibrand/net-worth?cid=N00027658"},{"claim":"Gillibrand introduced bipartisan bills to bar lawmakers and their families from trading or owning individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.gillibrand.senate.gov/news/press/release/gillibrand-hawley-introduce-landmark-bill-to-ban-stock-trading-and-ownership-by-congress-executive-branch-officials-and-their-families/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Assets reported between ~$1.2M and $5.6M, consistent with salary, bank holdings and home values; no evidence of growth beyond salary plus market.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gillibrand's total assets range from about $1.2M to $5.55M per her latest disclosure, largely bank deposits and real estate.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/kirsten-gillibrand-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: as a NY senator she raises substantial sums across finance and other sectors; no documented concentrated-donor-to-vote quid-pro-quo beyond ordinary fundraising.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gillibrand raises large sums from diverse industries typical of a New York senator; no specific donor-aligned vote scandal documented.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/kirsten-gillibrand/summary?cid=N00027658"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented FEC personal-use findings for campaign or leadership-PAC funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"No FEC personal-use violation involving Gillibrand was identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/help-candidates-and-committees/making-disbursements/personal-use/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying tied to her office or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline found.","evidence":[{"claim":"No revolving-door or office-tied family-lobbying records for Gillibrand were identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/kirsten_gillibrand/412223"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Lifetime missed-vote rate 2.7% (near median), but missed 15.3% of votes in the 116th Congress (8th most absent) during her 2019-20 presidential campaign.","evidence":[{"claim":"Gillibrand missed 166 of 6,113 votes (2.7%) lifetime, but 15.3% in 2019-20, making her the 8th most absent senator during her presidential run.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/kirsten_gillibrand/412223"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001066","name":"Kathy Castor","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"FL","score":6,"coverage":5,"former":false,"summary":"Rep. Kathy Castor (D-FL14), in the House since 2007, presents a largely clean record on self-dealing metrics. Her financial disclosures reflect passive, diversified fund holdings (e.g., Franklin Income Fund, Vanguard 500 index) rather than active individual-stock trading, so no STOCK Act periodic-transaction-report pattern of concern surfaces. Her estimated net worth (~$6.3M in 2018 per OpenSecrets) appears substantially tied to pre-existing assets and broad-market funds rather than tenure-linked enrichment, though disclosure ranges make precise attribution difficult. No public FEC enforcement action, campaign-fund personal-use finding, or family-lobbying scandal was identified; her vote attendance (3.1% lifetime missed) is modestly worse than the chamber median but unremarkable.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosures show passive diversified fund holdings (Franklin Income Fund, Vanguard 500 index) rather than active individual-stock trading; no pattern of timed individual-equity STOCK Act transactions identified across trackers.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets net-worth detail lists holdings as mutual/index funds (Franklin Income Fund ~$3M, Vanguard 500 index ~$533K), not actively traded single stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/kathy-castor/net-worth?cid=N00027514"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative congressional-trading profile for Castor shows no populated individual-trade record.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Kathy%20Castor-C001066/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$6.3M (2018, ranked 63rd in House) per OpenSecrets, concentrated in broad-market funds; no evidence of growth beyond salary plus market returns attributable to office. Disclosure ranges preclude precise attribution and pre-office wealth is not scored.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Castor's 2018 net worth at roughly $6.3M, ranked 63rd in the House, assets dominated by index/income funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/kathy-castor/net-worth?cid=N00027514"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. As a senior Democrat and Energy & Commerce member, Castor receives industry PAC and sector contributions aggregated by OpenSecrets. No specific quid-pro-quo or unusual donor-vote alignment was documented; score reflects routine industry funding common to senior committee members, not evidence of impropriety.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets maintains Castor's campaign-finance summary detailing top contributing industries and PAC support.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/summary?cid=N00027514"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No FEC enforcement action or credible reporting of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds was found. Castor has publicly advocated tightening rules on conversion of campaign cash to personal use, but no allegation targets her own spending.","evidence":[{"claim":"Coverage links Castor to legislative efforts to curb campaign-fund-to-personal-use conversion, with no complaint against her own committee.","sourceUrl":"https://campaignlegal.org/press-releases/former-officeholders-convert-campaign-cash-slush-funds-long-after-campaigns-end"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Spouse William (Bill) Lewis is a longtime insurance-defense litigation partner at Butler Weihmuller Katz Craig, not a registered federal lobbyist; no family lobbying or office-tied contracts identified. No documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline of concern surfaced.","evidence":[{"claim":"Castor's husband Bill Lewis is a longtime law-firm partner (insurance litigation) at Butler Weihmuller Katz Craig, not a lobbyist.","sourceUrl":"https://www.butler.legal/attorney-spotlight-william-lewis/"},{"claim":"Wikipedia biography confirms spouse is an attorney; no lobbying ties noted.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathy_Castor"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Castor missed 394 of 12,653 roll-call votes (3.1%) Jan 2007-June 2026, modestly worse than the 2.1% median for sitting representatives. No evidence of paid speeches or fundraising-driven absences; the slightly elevated miss rate over a long tenure is the only weak signal.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack: Castor missed 394 of 12,653 votes (3.1%), worse than the 2.1% median among current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/kathy_castor/412195"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000553","name":"Al Green","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"TX","score":6,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Al Green has represented Texas's 9th District since 2005 and serves on the House Financial Services Committee, where he is Ranking Member of the Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee. Public trackers (MarketBeat, Quiver) show no disclosed individual-stock trading under the STOCK Act; his reported assets are described as mutual funds, bonds, and conservative holdings, and his substantial net worth (estimated ~$5-10M) largely predates Congress, reflecting his prior career as an attorney and justice of the peace. His sole financial-sector donor concentration sits alongside his committee seat (correlation, not proof of self-dealing), and his House attendance is roughly average (about 2% missed votes lifetime). The only ethics matters of record are a 2021 House Ethics report tied to a protest arrest (not financial) and a 2007-2017 personal dispute with a former staffer resolved without any monetary payment; no campaign-fund personal-use or revolving-door findings surfaced.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No disclosed individual-stock trades found in STOCK Act trackers. MarketBeat shows 'No trade activity'; Quiver shows no trade volume. Reported assets are mutual funds/bonds, not individual equities. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat congressional tracker shows Rep. Al Green has no disclosed stock trades ('No trade activity').","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/al-green/"},{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative profile shows no trade volume / no individual-stock trades for Al Green.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Al%20Green-G000553"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated ~$5.4M (2018) rising toward ~$10M (2025 third-party estimates), but Green was a practicing attorney and justice of the peace before his 2005 election, so pre-office wealth is excluded. No evidence of growth beyond salary/market attributable to office; disclosure ranges make precise tenure-growth calculation unreliable. Scored 0 (absence not penalized).","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Green's 2018 net worth at ~$5.37M; assets reported as stocks, mutual funds, and bonds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/al-green/net-worth?cid=N00026686"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Green sits on House Financial Services (Ranking Member, Oversight & Investigations) and his campaign donor base is concentrated in finance/insurance and securities/investment industries per OpenSecrets, a common pattern for Financial Services members. No specific quid-pro-quo or vote-buying evidence found; score reflects sector-committee overlap only.","evidence":[{"claim":"Green serves on the House Financial Services Committee as Ranking Member of the Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Green's career industry donors, including finance/securities sectors aligned with his committee.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/al-green/industries?cid=N00026686&cycle=Career"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reporting or FEC findings of campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal benefit were located. FEC committee filings exist but no personal-use violations are documented. Scored 0 (absence not penalized).","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC overview of Green's principal campaign committee shows routine operating expenditures and transfers, with no documented personal-use violation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00396028/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No evidence found of family members lobbying or holding contracts tied to his office, nor of a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. The only House Ethics report (2021) concerned a protest arrest, not lobbying or contracting. Scored 0 (absence not penalized).","evidence":[{"claim":"The 2021 House Ethics report on Green concerned his August 2021 arrest at a Capitol protest, not financial or lobbying conduct.","sourceUrl":"https://www.congress.gov/committee-report/117th-congress/house-report/131"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":4,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"GovTrack: Green missed 280 of 13,867 roll-call votes (2.0%) Jan 2005-Jun 2026, near the 2.1% median for serving representatives. Attendance is average with no evidence of fundraising-driven absenteeism; low score reflects routine, unremarkable record.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack reports Green missed 2.0% of roll-call votes (280 of 13,867), on par with the 2.1% median for current representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/al_green/400653"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001046","name":"Martin Heinrich","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NM","score":6,"coverage":6,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Martin Heinrich (D-NM) presents a notably clean self-dealing profile. He is consistently ranked among the least wealthy U.S. senators, with reported net worth ranging from negative figures to the low hundreds of thousands, and his disclosed holdings are dominated by retirement plans, college-savings accounts, and diversified mutual funds rather than individual equities; he is also a cosponsor of legislation to ban congressional stock trading. His voting attendance is strong (about 2.5% missed votes lifetime, near the Senate median), and no credible reports indicate campaign-fund personal use or family lobbying/contracts tied to his office. The one notable item is a 2024 partisan/watchdog ethics complaint alleging he tied legislative solicitations to fundraising emails, which remains an unadjudicated allegation. Money-in-politics signals are routine industry/PAC contributions common to incumbents and are correlation, not proof of self-dealing.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No evidence of individual-stock trading. Disclosures show diversified mutual funds, retirement (PERA NM, JPMCB SmartRetirement), and college-savings accounts; no individual-equity STOCK Act transactions surfaced. Heinrich cosponsors legislation to ban congressional stock trading. Scored 0 per rubric (no individual-stock trading).","evidence":[{"claim":"Heinrich's disclosed assets are dominated by retirement and diversified mutual funds (e.g., PERA NM plan, Scholar's Edge, JPMCB SmartRetirement 2040), not individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/martin-heinrich-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Heinrich is pushing to end stock trading by members of Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.heinrich.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/heinrich-lujan-push-to-end-stock-trading-by-members-of-congress"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Heinrich is repeatedly ranked among the poorest senators: roughly -$43k to ~$53k net worth in 2013-2015 estimates, rising to ~$309k by 2018 and a 2023 range of about -$290k to +$564k. Growth is modest, consistent with salary/normal asset appreciation and not exceeding market+salary expectations; no enrichment signal. Low score reflects absence of outsized growth.","evidence":[{"claim":"Heinrich ranked among the 25 poorest members of Congress with average net worth near -$43,494, and ~$309,017 by 2018.","sourceUrl":"https://wtop.com/congress/2015/12/25-poorest-members-of-congress/"},{"claim":"2023 disclosure puts net worth roughly between -$289,979 and $563,998.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/martin-heinrich-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Heinrich receives routine industry and PAC contributions typical of an incumbent senator (tracked by OpenSecrets); contributions from lobbyists and sector PACs exist but no documented quid-pro-quo. Score reflects ordinary incumbent fundraising-vote alignment with no standout concentration evidence reviewed.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Heinrich's industry contributions and lobbyist donations for the current cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-recipients-details?cycle=2024&id=N00029835"},{"claim":"Heinrich's campaign finance summary detailing donor industries is maintained by OpenSecrets.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/martin-heinrich/summary?cid=N00029835"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":8,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence of campaign/leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit. A 2024 watchdog (FACT, partisan-aligned) complaint alleged Heinrich improperly tied legislative solicitations to fundraising emails — an ethics-rules allegation, not personal-enrichment use of funds, and unadjudicated. Low score reflects an unresolved allegation, not proven misuse.","evidence":[{"claim":"An ethics watchdog called for an investigation into Heinrich over campaign solicitations tied to legislation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2024/apr/29/ethics-watchdog-calls-for-investigation-into-marti/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"No evidence of family lobbying or contracts tied to his office. Spouse Julie Heinrich serves as executive director of the Meow Wolf philanthropic foundation, an arts nonprofit role with no apparent lobbying or government-contract nexus. No staff-to-lobbyist pipeline evidence surfaced. Scored 0 per rubric (no data on self-dealing).","evidence":[{"claim":"Julie Heinrich was hired as executive director of Meow Wolf's philanthropic foundation, not a lobbying role.","sourceUrl":"https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/meow-wolf-hires-sen-heinrichs-wife-to-lead-new-foundation/article_70f91d0c-bb3b-11ec-ab93-af9b78b4311d.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 122 of 4,936 roll-call votes (2.5%) over his career, on par with the Senate median (~2.8%). No evidence of heavy paid speeches displacing official duties. Low score reflects good attendance with no fundraising-driven absenteeism.","evidence":[{"claim":"Heinrich missed 2.5% of votes (122 of 4,936) Jan 2009-June 2026, on par with the Senate median of 2.8%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/martin_heinrich/412281"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"H001076","name":"Margaret Wood Hassan","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NH","score":6,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Maggie Hassan (D-NH) presents a generally clean public accountability record. Her disclosed portfolio (estimated $2.3M-$7.2M net worth, ~$3.9M trackable) consists of mutual funds, ETFs (TIP, VUG), annuities, and bank deposits rather than individual stocks, with much of the wealth attributable to her husband and predating her Senate tenure; no individual-stock STOCK Act trading or reporting violations were found. She maintains an excellent voting attendance record (33 of 3,787 votes missed, 0.9%, better than the Senate median). No reported instances of campaign/leadership-PAC personal-use abuse, family lobbying tied to her office, or staff-to-lobbyist scandals surfaced in available public records. Industry donor concentrations (women's issues, health/medical, lawyers) are typical for her profile and reflect correlation rather than proof of any improper influence.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading found. Disclosed holdings are ETFs/mutual funds (iShares TIP, Vanguard VUG), TIAA annuities, and bank deposits — not single-company equities — so STOCK Act self-dealing concerns do not apply. No reported reporting violations.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hassan's disclosed assets are mutual funds, ETFs, annuities and bank deposits rather than individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/maggie-hassan-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver tracks ~$3.9M of her publicly-traded holdings; she does not appear among members flagged for late or suspicious individual-stock trades.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth estimated $2.3M-$7.2M (Quiver ~$6.0M, Dec 2025). Much derives from her husband Thomas's career/business and pre-office assets, and growth tracks broad-market index funds. No evidence of enrichment beyond salary plus market returns over her tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Net worth estimated between $2.32M and $7.16M, with a significant portion attributable to husband Thomas Hassan and held in savings/mutual funds.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/maggie-hassan-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Quiver estimates her net worth at about $6.0M as of December 2025, held largely in broad market funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Top donor industries include women's-issues/abortion-rights groups, lawyers/law firms, health professionals, and medical devices — sectors overlapping her Finance and HELP committee jurisdiction. Typical for her profile; no specific quid-pro-quo vote alignment documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Top recipient categories include Women's Issues, Abortion Rights, Medical Devices & Supplies, and student-loan companies.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/maggie-hassan/industries?cid=N00038397&cycle=2022"},{"claim":"Hassan sits on the Senate Finance and Health, Education, Labor & Pensions committees, which overlap several top donor sectors.","sourceUrl":"https://www.hassan.senate.gov/about/committee-assignments"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No reported instances of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit. Her committees (Maggie for NH, Maggie Hassan Victory Fund) appear in routine FEC filings; no personal-use findings located.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee records for Hassan's campaign and joint fundraising committees show no documented personal-use violations.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S6NH00091/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of family members lobbying tied to her office or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Husband Thomas Hassan's career is in education administration (Phillips Exeter, School Year Abroad), unrelated to federal lobbying.","evidence":[{"claim":"Thomas Hassan's professional background is in education (Phillips Exeter principal, School Year Abroad president), with no reported lobbying tied to the Senator's office.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maggie_Hassan"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed 33 of 3,787 roll-call votes (0.9%) from 2017 to June 2026, better than the Senate median of 2.8%. Routine fundraising via joint committees; no evidence fundraising or paid speeches displaced legislative duties.","evidence":[{"claim":"Hassan missed 33 of 3,787 roll call votes (0.9%) Jan 2017-June 2026, better than the 2.8% median of current senators.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/margaret_hassan/412680"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"B001303","name":"Lisa Blunt Rochester","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"DE","score":5,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Lisa Blunt Rochester (D-DE), elected to the Senate in 2024 after four House terms, presents a clean self-dealing profile based on available public records. Her disclosed financial holdings consist exclusively of broad-based ETFs and index funds (AGG, SPY, VEA, IEMG) rather than individual company stocks, meaning the stock-trading component scores at zero — no individual-stock conflicts arise from diversified passive funds. She has a near-perfect voting attendance record (about 0.5% missed votes lifetime), and no public reporting surfaced regarding campaign-fund personal use, family lobbying, or revolving-door arrangements. Her campaign donor base is led by lawyers/law firms and largely Delaware-based interests; this is noted as correlation, not proof, and no specific donation-vote quid-pro-quo pattern was identified.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Disclosed holdings are exclusively broad-market ETFs and index funds (AGG, SPY, VEA, IEMG) — no individual-company stocks. Per rubric, no individual-stock trading = score 0. Aggregate trackers list ~$7.4M in 'trades,' but these reflect fund rebalancing/holdings, not single-name equities with committee-sector overlap.","evidence":[{"claim":"Disclosed holdings are entirely ETFs/funds (AGG, SPY, VEA, IEMG) rather than individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Senator+Lisa+Blunt+Rochester+has+filed+a+new+financial+disclosure+-+here%E2%80%99s+what+we+see"},{"claim":"Congressional trading tracker profile shows fund/ETF-based portfolio, no individual-stock trade flags.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Lisa%20Blunt%20Rochester-B001303"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Estimated net worth ~$12M (2025), largely held in passive index funds whose growth tracks the broad market. No evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary plus normal market returns during tenure; pre-office wealth is not scored. Insufficient data to attribute any abnormal enrichment.","evidence":[{"claim":"Estimated net worth ~$12.0M as of Sept 2025, held mainly in publicly traded index funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Lisa%20Blunt%20Rochester-B001303/net-worth"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets personal-finances net-worth profile.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/net-worth?cid=N00038414"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"CORRELATION, NOT PROOF. Top donor industry for her 2024 victory fund was lawyers/law firms ($75.4K), led by Delaware firm Young Conaway. Donor base is geographically/industry-concentrated in Delaware legal and corporate-services interests, but no specific aligned vote/bill quid-pro-quo was identified in public reporting. Low score reflects ordinary home-state concentration absent demonstrated vote linkage.","evidence":[{"claim":"Lawyers/law firms were the top industry donor to her 2024 victory fund ($75,400); top org Young Conaway et al.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/lisa-blunt-rochester-victory-fund-2024/C00859306/2024/industries"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets member industries breakdown for Blunt Rochester.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/lisa-blunt-rochester/industries?cid=N00038414&cycle=2024"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public reporting, FEC enforcement action, or news coverage found indicating personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence is not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee record for Lisa Blunt Rochester for Senate shows no flagged personal-use enforcement.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00843391/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No public records found of family members lobbying tied to her office, office-linked contracts, or a notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline. Absence is not penalized per rubric.","evidence":[{"claim":"No family-lobbying or revolving-door findings surfaced in FEC/OpenSecrets/news searches.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/lisa-blunt-rochester/summary?cid=N00038414"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":3,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Strong attendance: missed only ~4 of 838 roll-call votes (0.5%) lifetime, better than the chamber median of 2.8%. Active campaign fundraising is normal for a 2024 cycle; no evidence of paid speeches or fundraising crowding out legislative duties. Minimal score for routine fundraising activity.","evidence":[{"claim":"Missed roughly 0.5% of roll-call votes (4 of 838), better than the 2.8% senator median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/lisa_blunt_rochester/412689"},{"claim":"Senate campaign committee raised ~$6.9M in the 2024 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/lisa-blunt-rochester/summary?cid=N00038414"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"C001072","name":"André Carson","party":"D","chamber":"House","state":"IN","score":4,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"André Carson (D-IN7), in office since 2008, sits on the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and the Transportation & Infrastructure Committee. Public records present an unusually clean financial profile: trackers report roughly $0 in tracked publicly traded assets and a net worth around $32,500 (negative in some prior years), indicating no individual-stock trading and no enrichment beyond salary. His campaign fundraising is modest ($130.8K in Q1 2026) and no ethics or FEC personal-use findings surfaced. His lifetime missed-vote rate of 2.1% is at the chamber median. On the searched dimensions he scores low for self-dealing; some components lack data and are scored as insufficient-data per the rubric (never penalizing absence).","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No individual-stock trading. Quiver Quantitative reports ~$0 in tracked publicly traded assets; no STOCK Act periodic transaction reports surface. Per rubric, 0 when no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Quiver Quantitative: Carson has approximately $0 invested in publicly traded assets it tracks live; net worth ~$32.5K.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Andre%20Carson-C001072/net-worth"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets net-worth profile shows minimal assets (e.g., Chase bank accounts), no individual equities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/andre-carson/net-worth?cid=N00029513"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"No enrichment beyond salary. Net worth reported negative (-$24,500 in 2018) and ~$32.5K in 2026 — among the lowest in Congress, with no growth beyond salary/market.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Carson's 2018 net worth at -$24,500, 422nd in the House.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/andre-carson/net-worth?cid=N00029513"},{"claim":"Quiver estimates ~$32.5K net worth (June 2026), 474th-highest in Congress.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Andre%20Carson-C001072/net-worth"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Carson raises typical Democratic donor money (lawyers/law firms, securities & investment among common industries) while sitting on Intelligence and T&I committees, but fundraising is modest ($130.8K Q1 2026) and no specific donor-aligned vote/bill pattern was documented in public records searched.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets tracks Carson's industry donor breakdown for the 2024 cycle.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/andre-carson/industries?cid=N00029513&cycle=2024"},{"claim":"Q1 2026 fundraising of $130.8K, 717th-most of Q1 2026 reports; modest relative to peers.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Andre%20Carson-C001072/net-worth"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds found. No FEC enforcement matter or House Ethics statement involving Carson surfaced in searches.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC committee overview for Andre Carson for Congress; no personal-use enforcement matter found.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00442921/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying, office-tied contracts, or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline surfaced in public records searched.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets revolving-door database; no notable Carson-tied entries identified in searches.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/revolving-door/search"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":5,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Attendance at chamber median. Carson missed 235 of 11,329 votes (2.1%) from 2008 to June 2026 — equal to the median for currently serving representatives. Fundraising is modest; no heavy paid-speech pattern documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"GovTrack: Carson missed 2.1% of votes (235 of 11,329), on par with the median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/andre_carson/412258"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"S001181","name":"Jeanne Shaheen","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"NH","score":3,"coverage":4,"former":false,"summary":"Senator Shaheen's wealth (estimated ~$7.8M) derives largely from her husband Bill Shaheen's private companies and commercial rental property rather than active individual-stock trading; MarketBeat shows no STOCK Act trade activity for her. She has co-sponsored the Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act and the ETHICS Act to tighten disclosure. Her missed-vote rate (2.6%) is on par with the Senate median, and no campaign-fund personal-use or revolving-door issues were found. Her record on the scored components is clean.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"MarketBeat shows no STOCK Act trade activity; while up to ~$315K of trades have been referenced by trackers, no active individual-stock trading pattern is documented; she advocates a trading ban.","evidence":[{"claim":"MarketBeat's congressional trade profile for Shaheen reports 'No trade activity.'","sourceUrl":"https://www.marketbeat.com/congress-stock-trades/profiles/jeanne-shaheen/"},{"claim":"Shaheen co-introduced the Ban Congressional Stock Trading Act requiring members to divest or use blind trusts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.shaheen.senate.gov/shaheen-colleagues-introduce-congressional-stock-trading-ban"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Net worth (~$7.8M) is mostly her husband's private companies and rental property; no evidence of growth beyond salary plus market during tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"Much of Shaheen's wealth comes from husband Bill Shaheen's private companies and commercial rental property; Quiver estimates ~$7.8M net worth (Sept 2025).","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/jeanne-shaheen-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: receives standard industry and PAC contributions typical of a senior senator; no documented concentrated-donor-to-vote alignment beyond ordinary patterns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Shaheen disclosed roughly $156K in new fundraising in a recent period; no atypical single-industry concentration tied to votes was documented.","sourceUrl":"https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/fundraising-update-senator-jeanne-shaheen-just-disclosed-1560k-new-fundraising"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented FEC findings or reporting of personal use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"No FEC personal-use violation involving Shaheen was identified.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/help-candidates-and-committees/making-disbursements/personal-use/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No documented family lobbying tied to her office or notable staff-to-lobbyist pipeline found (husband runs private businesses, not registered lobbying tied to her committee work).","evidence":[{"claim":"No revolving-door or office-tied family-lobbying records for Shaheen were identified in available sources.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jeanne_shaheen/412323"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Missed 156 of 6,077 roll-call votes (2.6%) from 2009-2026, on par with the Senate median (~2.8%); no heavy paid-speech substitution documented.","evidence":[{"claim":"Shaheen missed 2.6% of roll-call votes (156 of 6,077) Jan 2009-May 2026, at/below the Senate median of 2.8%.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jeanne_shaheen/412323"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001176","name":"Jeff Merkley","party":"D","chamber":"Senate","state":"OR","score":0,"coverage":2,"former":false,"summary":"Merkley owns no individual stocks and has publicly led bipartisan legislation to ban congressional stock trading, citing conflicts of interest. His wealth is concentrated in real estate (primary residence and rental properties) rather than tradable securities. His floor-vote attendance is strong (1.6% missed). No sourced flags for self-dealing were found, consistent with a relatively clean record.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Merkley owns and trades no individual stocks (approximately $0 in trackable publicly traded assets) and sponsors legislation to ban congressional stock trading. Scored 0 per rubric for no individual-stock trading.","evidence":[{"claim":"Merkley does not own or trade individual stocks, with roughly $0 in trackable public securities.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/congresstrading/politician/Jeff%20Merkley-M001176/live-stock-portfolio"},{"claim":"Merkley co-leads bipartisan legislation to ban members of Congress from trading individual stocks.","sourceUrl":"https://www.merkley.senate.gov/personal-profit-in-congress/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Disclosed net worth is broad ($4.55M-$19.9M) and concentrated in real estate; no sourced figure isolates growth beyond salary and market over tenure. Insufficient data; absence not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Merkley's 2023 disclosure places net worth between $4.55M and $19.875M, mostly in real estate.","sourceUrl":"https://finbold.com/guide/jeff-merkley-net-worth/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence located of concentrated industry money paired with aligned votes or bills indicating an influence pattern. Insufficient data.","evidence":[],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of campaign or leadership-PAC funds used for personal benefit. Insufficient data; absence not penalized.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence of family lobbying, office-tied contracts, or a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline located. Insufficient data.","evidence":[],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Merkley missed 100 of 6,081 roll-call votes (1.6%), better than the 2.8% median. No evidence of duties neglected for fundraising or paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"Merkley missed 100 of 6,081 roll-call votes (1.6%) from 2009 to June 2026, better than the 2.8% median.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/jeff_merkley/412325"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000596","name":"Marjorie Taylor Greene","party":"R","chamber":"House","state":"GA","score":41,"coverage":5,"former":true,"summary":"Marjorie Taylor Greene (R-GA-14) served in the House from 2021 until her resignation effective January 5, 2026. Her household actively traded individual stocks under the STOCK Act, with reporting indicating over 450 trades, roughly $3.89 million in purchases in 2024, and a portfolio that grew about 476% since 2021; trades in April 2025 timed near a tariff announcement prompted Democratic lawmakers to ask the SEC and Office of Government Ethics to investigate, and some holdings (e.g., Palantir, Tesla) overlapped sectors tied to her Homeland Security and Oversight/DOGE roles, though she states a portfolio manager executes trades under a fiduciary arrangement. Most of her wealth — an estimated $18.8 million in 2020 centered on the family construction firm Taylor Commercial — predates her time in office and is excluded from enrichment scoring. Her campaign fundraising was overwhelmingly small-dollar (about 65% from donors under $200 and only ~0.40% from PACs), indicating low industry concentration, though the FEC fined her $12,000 over an improper super-PAC solicitation and earlier flagged millions in unitemized contributions. Her chief of staff, Ed Buckham, is a former lobbyist (a reverse revolving-door path), and her family business received a forgiven PPP loan, but no public record shows office-tied family lobbying or contracting. She missed about 4.8% of roll-call votes (above the ~2.1% chamber median) while fundraising actively. No sourced evidence was found of campaign funds spent on personal-benefit categories.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":78,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Household actively trades individual stocks under the STOCK Act: reporting cites 450+ trades, ~$3.89M in purchases in 2024, and a ~476% portfolio rise since 2021. April 2025 purchases of ~$21k-$315k across 17 firms hours before a tariff pause drew SEC and OGE investigation requests from members of Congress. Holdings such as Palantir and Tesla overlap sectors connected to her Homeland Security and DOGE/Oversight roles. She states a portfolio manager executes trades under a fiduciary agreement.","evidence":[{"claim":"Greene disclosed buying $21,000-$315,000 of stock in 17 companies on April 8-9, 2025, before Trump's tariff pause sent markets up; lawmakers asked SEC/OGE to investigate possible insider knowledge.","sourceUrl":"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/marjorie-taylor-greene-stocks-trump-tariffs/"},{"claim":"Portfolio grew ~476% since 2021; 2024 portfolio gained 30.2% vs S&P 500's 24.9%; over 450 trades and $3.89M bought in 2024; Palantir/Tesla holdings overlap Homeland Security and DOGE oversight; she says a manager places trades.","sourceUrl":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/marjorie-taylor-greene-stocks-jumped-181500027.html"},{"claim":"Senators Schiff and Gallego asked OGE to investigate possible market manipulation tied to her well-timed purchases.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ms.now/rachel-maddow-show/maddowblog/marjorie-taylor-greenes-well-timed-stock-purchases-draw-scrutiny-rcna201321"},{"claim":"In August 2021 she held Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca stock while publicly opposing vaccine mandates, and bought Digital World Acquisition Corp (Trump Media) shares in October 2021.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":30,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"The bulk of Greene's wealth (~$18.8M in 2020, dominated by her stake in Taylor Commercial) predates office and is excluded. The measurable in-office enrichment signal is stock-portfolio growth (from ~$630k to an estimated $2.6-$4M), which substantially outpaces salary and broad-market returns, though this overlaps with the stock_trading component.","evidence":[{"claim":"Greene's 2020 candidate disclosure showed roughly $18.8M net worth, most from a 51% stake in Taylor Commercial valued at $5M-$25M plus real estate — wealth predating office.","sourceUrl":"https://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-politicians/republicans/marjorie-taylor-greene-net-worth/"},{"claim":"Her stock portfolio grew from about $630,000 to an estimated $2.6-$4 million since 2021, a gain well beyond salary and market index returns.","sourceUrl":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/marjorie-taylor-greene-stocks-jumped-181500027.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":15,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Greene's fundraising is overwhelmingly small-dollar (about 65% from donors under $200) with only ~0.40% from PACs in the 2024 cycle, indicating very low industry concentration. Her leadership PAC's largest sector inputs were modest (e.g., Lawyers/Law Firms ~$30,180). No strong concentration-plus-vote-alignment pattern is evident from sourced records.","evidence":[{"claim":"In the 2023-24 cycle her campaign raised about $2.79M, with 65.01% from small (<$200) individual donors and only 0.40% from PACs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/marjorie-taylor-greene/summary?cid=N00044701"},{"claim":"Her leadership PAC's top industry contributor in 2024 was Lawyers/Law Firms at about $30,180 — a modest sum indicating low concentration.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/joint-fundraising-committees-jfcs/marjorie-taylor-greene-s-people-over-politicians/C00766774/2024/industries"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced public record was found documenting campaign or leadership-PAC funds spent on personal-benefit categories. Existing FEC matters involve an improper super-PAC solicitation ($12,000 fine) and unitemized/anonymous contribution reporting, not personal enrichment from campaign funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"The FEC fined Greene $12,000 for soliciting non-federal funds for Stop Socialism Now PAC; the matter concerned solicitation rules, not personal use of funds.","sourceUrl":"https://thehill.com/regulation/court-battles/4393006-fec-fines-marjorie-taylor-greene-illegal-pac-fundraising/"},{"claim":"The FEC requested information about roughly $3.5M in unitemized contributions from undisclosed donors in early 2021 — a reporting/limits issue, not documented personal spending.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":28,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Her chief of staff, Ed Buckham, is a former lobbyist (ex-Tom DeLay aide who ran Alexander Strategy Group) — a reverse revolving-door path into her office rather than staff exiting to lobby. Her family construction firm, Taylor Commercial, received a forgiven PPP loan and has a history of taxpayer-subsidized housing work, but no sourced record shows lobbying or contracting tied to her congressional office.","evidence":[{"claim":"Ed Buckham, a longtime congressional staffer and former lobbyist (former Tom DeLay chief of staff who closed his lobbying firm Alexander Strategy Group in 2006), served as Greene's chief of staff from October 2021 to January 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Buckham"},{"claim":"Taylor Commercial received a $180,000+ PPP loan (forgiven) in April 2020; AJC found little evidence of Greene's operational involvement in the family business.","sourceUrl":"https://www.ajc.com/politics/national-politics/businesswoman-image-key-to-greenes-rise/5RX3LQEGUJFI5P6N6EQWZCA5T4/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Greene missed about 4.8% of roll-call votes from 2021-2025 (124 of 2,601), more than double the ~2.1% median for representatives, while maintaining an active national fundraising operation. No sourced data was found on paid speeches.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2021 to December 2025, Greene missed 124 of 2,601 roll-call votes (4.8%), worse than the 2.1% median among representatives.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/marjorie_greene/456814"},{"claim":"Her campaign raised roughly $2.79M in the 2024 cycle through a large national small-dollar fundraising operation.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/marjorie-taylor-greene/summary?cid=N00044701"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"M001190","name":"Markwayne Mullin","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"OK","score":45,"coverage":6,"former":true,"summary":"Markwayne Mullin (R-OK) served in the U.S. Senate from 2023 until his confirmation to a Trump administration post in March 2026; he previously served in the U.S. House (2013-2023). Public records show his household actively traded individual stocks and bonds, with the senator filing disclosures for more than 70 transactions worth between roughly $1.4 million and tens of millions of dollars, and repeatedly violating the STOCK Act's 45-day disclosure deadline (some filings up to 2.5 years late); his office attributes trading to a third-party manager. At least one trade — a July 2024 purchase of Stride, Inc., an education company — overlapped with his seat on the Senate HELP Committee, drawing conflict-of-interest scrutiny. His net worth grew from roughly $3.5 million (2013) to about $60-66 million by 2026, but reporting attributes this primarily to his family plumbing business and its sale, wealth that largely predates or is independent of his federal office. His leadership PAC (Boots PAC) spent roughly $1.4 million on categories that personally benefit him, including about $170,000 in chartered flights, a private chef, golf and hunting gear, while giving about one-third to other candidates. His campaign funding is heavily concentrated in oil and gas (about $1.3 million career), which correlates with his 2% lifetime League of Conservation Voters score, though no quid pro quo is established.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":72,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Household actively traded individual stocks/bonds; Mullin disclosed 70+ transactions worth between $1.4M and tens of millions, with repeated STOCK Act late filings (up to 2.5 years late) by both him and his spouse. At least one trade (Stride, Inc.) overlapped with his HELP Committee oversight of education, raising documented conflict concerns.","evidence":[{"claim":"Mullin failed to disclose within the 45-day STOCK Act window seven spouse stock purchases (2.5 years late) and three Oklahoma municipal securities (1.5 years late), worth hundreds of thousands of dollars.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/oklahoma/markwayne-mullin-stock-act"},{"claim":"On Aug. 13 Mullin reported the sale or purchase of more than 70 stocks and bonds worth tens of millions of dollars from 2023-2024; he blew past more disclosure deadlines than any lawmaker tracked, and his office said a third-party firm manages the portfolio.","sourceUrl":"https://www.notus.org/oklahoma/markwayne-mullin-disclosures"},{"claim":"Mullin bought Stride, Inc. (online private-school provider) shares in July 2024, disclosed late in November 2024, while sitting on the Senate HELP Committee that oversees education; ethics experts flagged a potential conflict as Stride held federal contracts.","sourceUrl":"https://www.newsweek.com/congress-stock-trading-mullin-1993427"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":22,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Net worth rose from ~$3.5M (2013) to ~$11.4M (2018) to roughly $60-66M by 2026, but reporting ties the growth chiefly to his pre-existing family plumbing business and its later sale, plus ranch and real-estate holdings — wealth that largely predates or is independent of his Senate salary rather than tracking office tenure.","evidence":[{"claim":"OpenSecrets estimated Mullin's net worth at $3,509,021 in 2013 rising to $11,384,012 in 2018, driven by business assets including Mullin Plumbing Inc. and its West Division.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/markwayne-mullin/net-worth?cid=N00033410&year=2013"},{"claim":"Mullin is worth an estimated $60-66 million, with wealth tied to operating businesses, real estate, ranch land and the apparent sale of his plumbing business to HomeTown Services.","sourceUrl":"https://www.inc.com/leila-sheridan/markwayne-mullin-homeland-security-net-worth/91313135"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":52,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof: campaign money is heavily concentrated in oil and gas (~$1.3M career, top donor Devon Energy), which aligns with his consistently pro-fossil-fuel, anti-regulation voting (2% lifetime LCV score). No quid pro quo is asserted or established.","evidence":[{"claim":"From 2011-2024 the oil and gas industry was Mullin's largest donor at $1.3 million total, with Devon Energy his top contributor ($104,950 from employees and PAC).","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/markwayne-mullin/industries?cid=N00033410&cycle=CAREER&type=I"},{"claim":"Mullin holds a 2% lifetime and 3% 2025 League of Conservation Voters score, with 32 anti-environment votes in 2025, indicating votes aligned with fossil-fuel interests.","sourceUrl":"https://www.lcv.org/moc/markwayne-mullin/"},{"claim":"Lobbyists, the oil and gas industry and health care interests contributed nearly $1 million to Mullin's Senate campaign since 2021.","sourceUrl":"https://www.readfrontier.org/stories/lobbyists-energy-and-health-care-interests-help-fund-markwayne-mullins-senate-run/"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":60,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"His leadership PAC, Boots PAC, spent roughly $1.4 million (about two-thirds of disbursements) on categories that personally benefit Mullin — including ~$170K in chartered/private flights, a $10K private chef, golf and hunting gear, limousine rentals, luxury hotels and sporting-event tickets — while giving only about one-third to other candidates. Leadership PACs face looser personal-benefit rules than campaign funds.","evidence":[{"claim":"Boots PAC spent $169,933 on chartered flights (May 2024-Dec 2025), $10,000 on a private chef, plus golf, hunting and outdoor gear; of $2.7M raised, $703,579 went to candidates and ~$1.4M to other expenses.","sourceUrl":"https://www.readfrontier.org/stories/markwayne-mullins-committee-to-support-political-allies-has-spent-nearly-1-5-million-on-travel-events-and-other-expenses/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":18,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Limited evidence: Mullin's former Senate chief of staff has been registered as a lobbyist/foreign agent (a staff-to-lobbyist pipeline indicator), but no public record was found of family members lobbying or contracting tied to his office.","evidence":[{"claim":"David R. Natonski, Mullin's Senate chief of staff (Aug. 2024-March 2026), has been registered as a lobbyist or foreign agent per LegiStorm records.","sourceUrl":"https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/17290/David_R_Natonski.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":20,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Mullin missed 79 of 1,403 roll-call votes (5.6%) from 2013-2026, about double the Senate median of 2.8%. No sourced evidence ties specific missed votes to fundraising events or paid speeches, so the link is unestablished.","evidence":[{"claim":"From January 2013 to March 2026 Mullin missed 79 of 1,403 roll call votes (5.6%), worse than the 2.8% median for senators serving in March 2026.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/markwayne_mullin/412568"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]},{"bioguide":"G000359","name":"Lindsey Graham","party":"R","chamber":"Senate","state":"SC","score":24,"coverage":4,"former":true,"summary":"Lindsey Graham (R-SC) has filed numerous periodic transaction reports under the STOCK Act, but disclosed holdings and trades consist of ETFs, corporate-bond funds, mutual funds and Treasury securities rather than individual company stocks; multiple sources note he avoids individual equities, which limits stock-trading conflict-of-interest exposure. He is unmarried with no children, so there is no spouse or dependent trading to assess. His reported net worth is modest for a long-serving senator (roughly $1–2 million across recent disclosures), with no sourced evidence of net-worth growth beyond salary and market returns. Campaign and leadership-PAC money is concentrated among lawyers/law firms, defense contractors, and energy firms, sectors aligned with positions he has taken; this is a correlation and not proof of any quid pro quo. No sourced evidence was found of campaign-fund personal-use enforcement actions or of family members lobbying his office. Graham's lifetime missed-vote rate (about 6.4%, well above the Senate median) is notable, with his heaviest absences clustering in 2015–2016 during his presidential campaign.","components":[{"key":"stock_trading","label":"Stock self-trading","weight":25,"rawScore":12,"confidence":"high","metricSummary":"Graham files frequent STOCK Act transaction reports, but disclosed holdings and trades are ETFs, corporate-bond funds, mutual funds and Treasuries, not individual company stocks. He is unmarried with no children, so there is no spouse/dependent trading. Low conflict exposure; score reflects volume of fund transactions only, not individual-equity self-dealing.","evidence":[{"claim":"Graham's estimated portfolio is based on 19 STOCK Act periodic transaction reports; holdings primarily consist of ETFs and Treasury securities rather than individual company stocks; recent disclosed trades include Invesco BulletShares corporate-bond ETFs (BSCQ, BSCP) and iShares iBonds ETFs.","sourceUrl":"https://www.quiverquant.com/news/Congress+Trade:+Senator+Lindsey+Graham+Just+Disclosed+New+Stock+Trades"},{"claim":"Unlike some colleagues, Graham does not own any individual stocks, likely to avoid the appearance of conflicts of interest; disclosed holdings include funds such as T. Rowe Price Blue Chip Growth, Vanguard U.S. Growth, Dodge & Cox Stock and a BondBloxx ETF.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/lindsey-graham/net-worth?cid=N00009975"},{"claim":"Graham has never married or had children, so there are no spouse or dependent securities transactions to disclose.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindsey_Graham"}],"note":"","householdDriven":true},{"key":"networth_enrichment","label":"Net-worth enrichment in office","weight":15,"rawScore":10,"confidence":"low","metricSummary":"Reported net worth is modest for a 20+ year senator, estimated roughly $1–2 million in recent disclosures, with the bulk attributed to salary, a fund/bond portfolio, real estate and pension. No sourced evidence shows growth beyond salary plus broad-market returns; data is limited to range estimates.","evidence":[{"claim":"Graham's net worth is estimated between about $1 million and $2 million, with most wealth derived from his $174,000 Senate salary and an investment portfolio of mutual funds and corporate bonds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/lindsey-graham/net-worth?cid=N00009975"},{"claim":"2024 estimates place Graham's net worth around $1.55 million, including salary, investments, real estate and pension benefits.","sourceUrl":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/much-sen-lindsey-graham-worth-150857844.html"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"money_influence","label":"Money → action alignment","weight":20,"rawScore":45,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Correlation, not proof. Graham's campaign and leadership-PAC money concentrates among lawyers/law firms, defense contractors, and energy firms, sectors aligned with positions he has championed (defense spending, expanded oil/gas/nuclear). This shows alignment between donor base and policy stances but does not establish any quid pro quo.","evidence":[{"claim":"Individual donors affiliated with Boeing, Honeywell, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman and Raytheon gave a combined $50,000 over two years to Fund for America's Future, Graham's leadership PAC; energy firms (GE, Fluor, Murray Energy, Southern Co., Scana) are among his biggest career donors, and law firms are his single largest source of funds (~9%), led by Nelson Mullins (~$208,000 since 1994).","sourceUrl":"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/here-s-where-lindsey-graham-gets-his-campaign-money-170203231.html"},{"claim":"OpenSecrets industry breakdowns show lawyers/law firms, securities & investment, and defense among Graham's top contributing industries over his career.","sourceUrl":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/lindsey-graham/industries?cid=N00009975&cycle=CAREER"}],"note":"correlation, not proof of any quid-pro-quo","householdDriven":false},{"key":"campaign_personal_use","label":"Campaign-fund personal use","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"No sourced evidence found of FEC enforcement actions, audits, or reporting alleging personal-benefit use of campaign or leadership-PAC funds. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"FEC records list Graham's candidate and committee filings, but searches surfaced no documented FEC investigation or finding of personal-use of campaign funds.","sourceUrl":"https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S0SC00149/"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"revolving_door","label":"Revolving door & family","weight":15,"rawScore":0,"confidence":"insufficient-data","metricSummary":"Graham is unmarried with no children, so there is no spousal/child lobbying nexus. No sourced evidence was found tying family members to lobbying or contracting with his office, or of a documented staff-to-lobbyist pipeline specific to his office. Absence is not penalized.","evidence":[{"claim":"Graham has never married and has no children, removing the most common family-lobbying conflict vector.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindsey_Graham"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false},{"key":"job_vs_fundraising","label":"Skips the job to fundraise","weight":10,"rawScore":35,"confidence":"medium","metricSummary":"Graham's lifetime missed-vote rate is about 6.4%, well above the ~2.8% Senate median, and he ranked among the most absent senators in 2016 and 2018. His heaviest absences coincide with his 2015 presidential campaign (announced June 2015, suspended December 2015), linking missed votes to candidate/fundraising activity, though much of this is a one-time campaign event rather than ongoing paid-speech behavior.","evidence":[{"claim":"From 1995 to June 2026, Graham missed 520 of 8,105 roll-call votes (6.4%), much worse than the 2.8% median for sitting senators; he was 4th most absent in 2016 and 7th most absent in 2018.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/lindsey_graham/300047"},{"claim":"Graham ran for president, announcing June 1, 2015 and suspending December 21, 2015, the period overlapping his peak Senate absences.","sourceUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindsey_Graham_2016_presidential_campaign"}],"note":"","householdDriven":false}]}]}